treatments-xml/data/03/B5/87/03B587F2AA404D07B6F8FAD739FEF90B.xml
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

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<document id="8A9B73ACD04E74C4ED9799956AC7CDA9" ID-CLB-Dataset="30482" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4398.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e5a58990-d727-440a-aab9-7638a5698954" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1202953" ID-ZooBank="79E3EB78-D1C3-45CF-AB13-F8E61C936252" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1521441832187" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Boxshall, Geoff" docDate="2018" docId="03B587F2AA404D07B6F8FAD739FEF90B" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4398.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4398 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Caligus biseriodentatus Shen 1957" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="48" masterDocId="FF8CFF8AAA6D4D28B66FFFEB3934FF93" masterDocTitle="The sea lice (Copepoda: Caligidae) of Moreton Bay (Queensland, Australia), with descriptions of thirteen new species" masterLastPageNumber="172" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="46" updateTime="1698532557943" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="6BC13D05260145570890F61A3F208F2B">The sea lice (Copepoda: Caligidae) of Moreton Bay (Queensland, Australia), with descriptions of thirteen new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2491F172F4206A5326EF6B11425CD7BB">Boxshall, Geoff</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="6F7FE6613F0648D1F87024FD226CE58B">2018</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03B587F2AA404D07B6F8FAD739FEF90B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5952152" ID-GBIF-Taxon="142340611" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5952152" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587F2AA404D07B6F8FAD739FEF90B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587F2AA404D07B6F8FAD739FEF90B" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<subSubSection id="C306656FAA404D05B6F8FAD739CDFAE4" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA336E4AA404D05B6F8FAD73B75FAC5" blockId="45.[151,577,1340,1399]" box="[151,577,1340,1366]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<heading id="D0EB8188AA404D05B6F8FAD73B75FAC5" bold="true" box="[151,577,1340,1366]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D67AA404D05B6F8FAD73B75FAC5" authority="Shen, 1957" authorityName="Shen" authorityYear="1957" box="[151,577,1340,1366]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biseriodentatus">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA404D05B6F8FAD73B75FAC5" bold="true" box="[151,577,1340,1366]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA404D05B6F8FAD73887FAC5" bold="true" box="[151,435,1340,1366]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Caligus biseriodentatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B15AA404D05B7D5FAD73B75FAC5" box="[442,577,1340,1366]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" refId="ref88114" refString="Shen, C. J. (1957) Parasitic copepods from fishes of China. Part II. Caligoida, Caligidae (1). Acta Zoologica Sinica, 9, 351 - 378, pls. 1 - 11." type="journal article">Shen, 1957</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336E4AA404D05B6F8FAB539CDFAE4" blockId="45.[151,577,1340,1399]" box="[151,249,1374,1399]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
(
<figureCitation id="13272A61AA404D05B6F0FAB539C5FAE4" box="[159,241,1374,1399]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[223,1367,215,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@46.[191,1395,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 20. Caligus biseriodentatus Shen, 1957, female. A, habitus, dorsal; B, sternal furca; C, distal exopodal segment of leg 1; D, endopod of leg 2; E, modified plumose seta from third segment of exopod of leg 2; F, exopod of leg 4. Male, G, habitus, dorsal; H, maxilliped; I, distal exopodal segment of leg 1; J, exopod of leg 4. Scale bars: 1.0 mm on A, G, 200 µm on H, 100 µm on C, D, J, 50 µm on B, E, F, I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1202993/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C306656FAA404D05B6F8FA4D3B14FA48" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA336E4AA404D05B6F8FA4D3B14FA48" blockId="45.[151,557,1446,1499]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
Syns:
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D67AA404D05B6BAFA4D3B19FA2F" authority="Heegaard, 1962" authorityName="Heegaard" authorityYear="1962" box="[213,557,1446,1468]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obovatus">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA404D05B6BAFA4D38B3FA2F" box="[213,391,1446,1468]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Caligus obovatus</emphasis>
Heegaard, 1962
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D67AA404D05B6F8FA2E3B14FA48" authority="Heegaard, 1962" authorityName="Heegaard" authorityYear="1962" box="[151,544,1477,1499]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="proboscidatus">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA404D05B6F8FA2E384FFA48" box="[151,379,1477,1499]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Caligus proboscidatus</emphasis>
Heegaard, 1962
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C306656FAA404D05B6F8F9EC38C8F91E" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BA336E4AA404D05B6F8F9EC3A28F9FB" blockId="45.[151,1437,1543,2037]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA404D05B6F8F9EC38B6F9B3" bold="true" box="[151,386,1543,1568]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Material examined.</emphasis>
1♂, 2 chalimus from
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D67AA404D05B410F9EC3DBCF9B3" authority="Munro, 1943" authorityName="Munro" authorityYear="1943" box="[639,1160,1543,1568]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Scomberomorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="queenslandicus">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA404D05B410F9EC3ADEF9B3" box="[639,1002,1543,1568]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Scomberomorus queenslandicus</emphasis>
Munro, 1943
</taxonomicName>
, (TC17388),
<date id="FFA21024AA404D05B34FF9E339E6F9D6" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="2016-01-21">21 January 2016</date>
, NHMUK Reg. No. 2017.236; 2♀♀ from
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D67AA404D05B4C0F9C73D21F9D7" authority="(Lacepede, 1800)" baseAuthorityName="Lacepede" baseAuthorityYear="1800" box="[687,1045,1580,1605]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Auxis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thazard">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA404D05B4C0F9C73A7DF9D6" box="[687,841,1580,1605]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Auxis thazard</emphasis>
(Lacepède, 1800)
</taxonomicName>
(TC 18122),
<date id="FFA21024AA404D05B2C1F9C73C5AF9D6" box="[1198,1390,1580,1605]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="2016-10-21">21 October 2016</date>
, 1♀ QM Reg. No.
<accessionNumber id="944FAB07AA404D05B759F9A438AEF9FB" box="[310,410,1615,1640]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/W53057" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="EnaNcbi">W53057</accessionNumber>
; 1♀ NHMUK Reg. No. 2017.235.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336E4AA404D05B6A8F99F38C8F91E" blockId="45.[151,1437,1543,2037]" box="[199,508,1652,1677]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA404D05B6A8F99F386DF91E" bold="true" box="[199,345,1652,1677]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Site on host.</emphasis>
Body surface.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C306656FAA404D07B6A8F97C38DBFC87" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BA336E4AA404D07B6A8F97C3B33FE3F" blockId="45.[151,1437,1543,2037]" lastBlockId="47.[151,1437,151,1688]" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA404D05B6A8F97C38E7F923" bold="true" box="[199,467,1687,1712]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Differential diagnosis.</emphasis>
Cephalothorax dorsoventrally flattened with well-developed marginal membranes; frontal plates with lunules. Genital complex 1.14 times longer than wide (measured along dorsal midline) with small posterolateral lobes; abdomen elongate, about 3.2 times longer than maximum width; just shorter than genital complex (
<figureCitation id="13272A61AA404D05B764F8EF384CF88F" box="[267,376,1796,1821]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[223,1367,215,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@46.[191,1395,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 20. Caligus biseriodentatus Shen, 1957, female. A, habitus, dorsal; B, sternal furca; C, distal exopodal segment of leg 1; D, endopod of leg 2; E, modified plumose seta from third segment of exopod of leg 2; F, exopod of leg 4. Male, G, habitus, dorsal; H, maxilliped; I, distal exopodal segment of leg 1; J, exopod of leg 4. Scale bars: 1.0 mm on A, G, 200 µm on H, 100 µm on C, D, J, 50 µm on B, E, F, I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1202993/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 20A</figureCitation>
). Antenna with small, blunt posterior process. Post-antennal process with slender, weaklycurved tine; associated papillae each bisensillate. Posterior process of maxillule slender. Maxilla with smooth distal margin on brachium. Maxilliped of female with slight expansion on myxal margin. Sternal furca with broad, truncate, slightly diverging tines, with lateral flanges (
<figureCitation id="13272A61AA404D05B569F8843A44F81B" box="[774,880,1903,1928]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[223,1367,215,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@46.[191,1395,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 20. Caligus biseriodentatus Shen, 1957, female. A, habitus, dorsal; B, sternal furca; C, distal exopodal segment of leg 1; D, endopod of leg 2; E, modified plumose seta from third segment of exopod of leg 2; F, exopod of leg 4. Male, G, habitus, dorsal; H, maxilliped; I, distal exopodal segment of leg 1; J, exopod of leg 4. Scale bars: 1.0 mm on A, G, 200 µm on H, 100 µm on C, D, J, 50 µm on B, E, F, I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1202993/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 20B</figureCitation>
). Leg 1 with ornamentation of large spinules on sympod; distal exopodal segment (
<figureCitation id="13272A61AA404D05B442F87F3BA1F83F" box="[557,661,1940,1965]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[223,1367,215,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@46.[191,1395,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 20. Caligus biseriodentatus Shen, 1957, female. A, habitus, dorsal; B, sternal furca; C, distal exopodal segment of leg 1; D, endopod of leg 2; E, modified plumose seta from third segment of exopod of leg 2; F, exopod of leg 4. Male, G, habitus, dorsal; H, maxilliped; I, distal exopodal segment of leg 1; J, exopod of leg 4. Scale bars: 1.0 mm on A, G, 200 µm on H, 100 µm on C, D, J, 50 µm on B, E, F, I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1202993/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 20C</figureCitation>
) with 3 short plumose setae on posterior margin, basal setules on margin of plumose setae nearest apex unusually stout; distal spine 1 simple, longer than spine 2, spine 2 longer than spine 3, each armed with accessory process and serrated membrane; seta 4 about twice as long as spine 1 and just longer than segment. Leg 2 with strong denticles along outer margins of endopodal segments 1 and 2 (
<figureCitation id="13272A61AA424D07B34AFF7C3CA4FF23" box="[1317,1424,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[223,1367,215,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@46.[191,1395,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 20. Caligus biseriodentatus Shen, 1957, female. A, habitus, dorsal; B, sternal furca; C, distal exopodal segment of leg 1; D, endopod of leg 2; E, modified plumose seta from third segment of exopod of leg 2; F, exopod of leg 4. Male, G, habitus, dorsal; H, maxilliped; I, distal exopodal segment of leg 1; J, exopod of leg 4. Scale bars: 1.0 mm on A, G, 200 µm on H, 100 µm on C, D, J, 50 µm on B, E, F, I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1202993/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 20D</figureCitation>
); plumose setae on distal segments of both rami modified, with enlarged spinules basally (
<figureCitation id="13272A61AA424D07B216FF573DEBFF47" box="[1145,1247,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[223,1367,215,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@46.[191,1395,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 20. Caligus biseriodentatus Shen, 1957, female. A, habitus, dorsal; B, sternal furca; C, distal exopodal segment of leg 1; D, endopod of leg 2; E, modified plumose seta from third segment of exopod of leg 2; F, exopod of leg 4. Male, G, habitus, dorsal; H, maxilliped; I, distal exopodal segment of leg 1; J, exopod of leg 4. Scale bars: 1.0 mm on A, G, 200 µm on H, 100 µm on C, D, J, 50 µm on B, E, F, I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1202993/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 20E</figureCitation>
); outer spines on exopodal segments 1 and 2 lying obliquely across axis of ramus. Leg 3 with 3-segmented exopod; first exopodal segment bearing slightly curved outer spine, lacking inner seta; second segment with outer spine and inner seta; third segment with 3 naked spines, plus 4 plumose setae. Leg 4 uniramous, 3-segmented; first and second exopodal segments with I and IV spines, respectively (
<figureCitation id="13272A61AA424D07B4E3FEA73BC4FEF7" box="[652,752,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[223,1367,215,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@46.[191,1395,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 20. Caligus biseriodentatus Shen, 1957, female. A, habitus, dorsal; B, sternal furca; C, distal exopodal segment of leg 1; D, endopod of leg 2; E, modified plumose seta from third segment of exopod of leg 2; F, exopod of leg 4. Male, G, habitus, dorsal; H, maxilliped; I, distal exopodal segment of leg 1; J, exopod of leg 4. Scale bars: 1.0 mm on A, G, 200 µm on H, 100 µm on C, D, J, 50 µm on B, E, F, I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1202993/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 20F</figureCitation>
); apical spine on distal margin distinctly longer than adjacent middle spine; first exopodal segment ornamented with conspicuous denticles along outer margin. Body lengths of adult females 4.58 and
<quantity id="4CE49B01AA424D07B7F4FE7F3B36FE3F" box="[411,514,404,429]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.04" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="5.04">5.04 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF63666CAA434D06B6F8F8903B72F87E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1202993/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" startId="46.[151,250,1915,1937]" targetBox="[223,1367,215,1871]" targetPageId="46">
<paragraph id="8BA336E4AA434D06B6F8F8903B72F87E" blockId="46.[151,1436,1915,2029]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA434D06B6F8F8903815F803" bold="true" box="[151,289,1915,1937]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">FIGURE 20.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D67AA434D06B747F8903BACF802" authority="Shen, 1957" authorityName="Shen" authorityYear="1957" box="[296,664,1915,1937]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biseriodentatus">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA434D06B747F8903B2FF802" box="[296,539,1915,1937]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Caligus biseriodentatus</emphasis>
Shen, 1957
</taxonomicName>
, female. A, habitus, dorsal; B, sternal furca; C, distal exopodal segment of leg 1; D, endopod of leg 2; E, modified plumose seta from third segment of exopod of leg 2; F, exopod of leg 4. Male, G, habitus, dorsal; H, maxilliped; I, distal exopodal segment of leg 1; J, exopod of leg 4. Scale bars: 1.0 mm on A, G, 200 µm on H, 100 µm on C, D, J, 50 µm on B, E, F, I.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA336E4AA424D07B6A8FE5C38DBFC87" blockId="47.[151,1437,151,1688]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
Male (
<figureCitation id="13272A61AA424D07B77AFE5C38B4FE43" box="[277,384,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[223,1367,215,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@46.[191,1395,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 20. Caligus biseriodentatus Shen, 1957, female. A, habitus, dorsal; B, sternal furca; C, distal exopodal segment of leg 1; D, endopod of leg 2; E, modified plumose seta from third segment of exopod of leg 2; F, exopod of leg 4. Male, G, habitus, dorsal; H, maxilliped; I, distal exopodal segment of leg 1; J, exopod of leg 4. Scale bars: 1.0 mm on A, G, 200 µm on H, 100 µm on C, D, J, 50 µm on B, E, F, I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1202993/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 20G</figureCitation>
) with cephalothorax just longer than wide. Genital complex slender with weakly convex margins, about 1.26 times longer than wide. Abdomen 2-segmented; first and second somites subequal; abdomen about 2.6 times longer than wide, and about as long as genital complex. Fifth legs located ventrolaterally near lateral margin at about two thirds length of genital complex. Post-antennal process very large and more strongly recurved than in female; associated papillae multisensillate. Maxilliped (
<figureCitation id="13272A61AA424D07B5A7FDAC3D1AFDF3" box="[968,1070,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[223,1367,215,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@46.[191,1395,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 20. Caligus biseriodentatus Shen, 1957, female. A, habitus, dorsal; B, sternal furca; C, distal exopodal segment of leg 1; D, endopod of leg 2; E, modified plumose seta from third segment of exopod of leg 2; F, exopod of leg 4. Male, G, habitus, dorsal; H, maxilliped; I, distal exopodal segment of leg 1; J, exopod of leg 4. Scale bars: 1.0 mm on A, G, 200 µm on H, 100 µm on C, D, J, 50 µm on B, E, F, I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1202993/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 20H</figureCitation>
) with conspicuous trifid process on myxal margin opposing tip of subchela. Sternal furca with strongly divergent tapering tines. Distal exopodal segment of leg 1 with 2 small plumose setae on posterior margin plus very small distal seta (
<figureCitation id="13272A61AA424D07B2C0FD643C39FD3B" box="[1199,1293,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[223,1367,215,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@46.[191,1395,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 20. Caligus biseriodentatus Shen, 1957, female. A, habitus, dorsal; B, sternal furca; C, distal exopodal segment of leg 1; D, endopod of leg 2; E, modified plumose seta from third segment of exopod of leg 2; F, exopod of leg 4. Male, G, habitus, dorsal; H, maxilliped; I, distal exopodal segment of leg 1; J, exopod of leg 4. Scale bars: 1.0 mm on A, G, 200 µm on H, 100 µm on C, D, J, 50 µm on B, E, F, I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1202993/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
Fig.
<date id="FFA21024AA424D07B28BFD7B3C39FD3B" box="[1252,1293,656,680]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="1920-01">20I</date>
</figureCitation>
). Leg 2 with setae on distal segments of both rami plumose (not modified as in female). Leg 4 with smooth unornamented outer margin on first exopodal segment; 3 distal margin spines on second exopodal segment similar in length (
<figureCitation id="13272A61AA424D07B35FFD3C3CA4FD63" box="[1328,1424,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[223,1367,215,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@46.[191,1395,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 20. Caligus biseriodentatus Shen, 1957, female. A, habitus, dorsal; B, sternal furca; C, distal exopodal segment of leg 1; D, endopod of leg 2; E, modified plumose seta from third segment of exopod of leg 2; F, exopod of leg 4. Male, G, habitus, dorsal; H, maxilliped; I, distal exopodal segment of leg 1; J, exopod of leg 4. Scale bars: 1.0 mm on A, G, 200 µm on H, 100 µm on C, D, J, 50 µm on B, E, F, I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1202993/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 20J</figureCitation>
). Body length of male
<quantity id="4CE49B01AA424D07B7ECFD1738DEFC87" box="[387,490,764,788]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.03" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="3.03">3.03 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C306656FAA424D07B6A8FCF439FEF90B" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA336E4AA424D07B6A8FCF43D42FBC4" blockId="47.[151,1437,151,1688]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA424D07B6A8FCF4380FFCAB" bold="true" box="[199,315,799,824]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D67AA424D07B72CFCF43B7BFCAB" authorityName="Shen" authorityYear="1957" box="[323,591,799,824]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biseriodentatus">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA424D07B72CFCF43B7BFCAB" box="[323,591,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Caligus biseriodentatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was first described from immature specimens of both sexes obtained from
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D67AA424D07B6F8FCAF38E2FCCF" baseAuthorityName="Lacepede" baseAuthorityYear="1800" box="[151,470,836,861]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Scomberomorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="commerson">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA424D07B6F8FCAF38E2FCCF" box="[151,470,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Scomberomorus commerson</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(as
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D67AA424D07B464FCAF3BC0FCCF" baseAuthorityName="Lacepède" baseAuthorityYear="1800" box="[523,756,836,861]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Cybium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="commersoni">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA424D07B464FCAF3BC0FCCF" box="[523,756,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Cybium commersoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) in Chinese waters (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B15AA424D07B589FCAF3D58FCCE" box="[998,1132,836,861]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refId="ref88114" refString="Shen, C. J. (1957) Parasitic copepods from fishes of China. Part II. Caligoida, Caligidae (1). Acta Zoologica Sinica, 9, 351 - 378, pls. 1 - 11." type="journal article">Shen, 1957</bibRefCitation>
). It is a member of the
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D67AA424D07B3EDFCAE39EBFC13" authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="1905" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bonito">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA424D07B3EDFCAE39EBFC13" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. bonito</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group of species characterized by the shared possession of a 3-segmented leg 4 armed with four spines on the compound second exopodal segment, in combination with the presence of the three plumose setae on the posterior margin of the distal exopodal segment of leg 1, and the possession of an ornamentation of large denticles along the outer margin of the second endopodal segment of leg 2. Within this group,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D67AA424D07B218FC3E3C7CFC7E" authorityName="Shen" authorityYear="1957" box="[1143,1352,980,1005]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biseriodentatus">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA424D07B218FC3E3C7CFC7E" box="[1143,1352,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. biseriodentatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be readily distinguished by the small size of the three plumose setae on the posterior margin of the distal exopodal segment of leg 1: in the female these setae are only about as long as spine 2 and have modified ornamentation (
<figureCitation id="13272A61AA424D07B300FBF739FCFBCB" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[223,1367,215,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@46.[191,1395,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 20. Caligus biseriodentatus Shen, 1957, female. A, habitus, dorsal; B, sternal furca; C, distal exopodal segment of leg 1; D, endopod of leg 2; E, modified plumose seta from third segment of exopod of leg 2; F, exopod of leg 4. Male, G, habitus, dorsal; H, maxilliped; I, distal exopodal segment of leg 1; J, exopod of leg 4. Scale bars: 1.0 mm on A, G, 200 µm on H, 100 µm on C, D, J, 50 µm on B, E, F, I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1202993/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 20E</figureCitation>
). The male maxilliped of
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D67AA424D07B787FBAB3B81FBCB" authorityName="Shen" authorityYear="1957" box="[488,693,1087,1112]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biseriodentatus">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA424D07B787FBAB3B81FBCB" box="[488,693,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. biseriodentatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a conspicuous trifid myxal process.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336E4AA424D07B6A8FB8E3C3CFA0E" blockId="47.[151,1437,151,1688]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
In their large survey of parasitic copepods of scombrid fishes, Cressey &amp; Cressey (1980) redescribed
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D67AA424D07B3EDFB8E3870FB33" authorityName="Shen" authorityYear="1957" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biseriodentatus">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA424D07B3EDFB8E3870FB33" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. biseriodentatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and reported it from four species of
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D67AA424D07B4B5FB6C3D72FB33" authority="Lacepede, 1800" authorityName="Lacepede" authorityYear="1800" box="[730,1094,1159,1184]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Scomberomorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA424D07B4B5FB6C3ABBFB33" box="[730,911,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Scomberomorus</emphasis>
Lacepède, 1800
</taxonomicName>
as well as from
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D67AA424D07B293FB633CA0FB33" baseAuthorityName="Lacepede" baseAuthorityYear="1800" box="[1276,1428,1159,1184]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Auxis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thazard">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA424D07B293FB633CA0FB33" box="[1276,1428,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Auxis thazard</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Subsequently Cressey
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA424D07B7F3FB4638EDFB56" box="[412,473,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">et al.</emphasis>
(1983) added another three species of
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D67AA424D07B5C8FB473D68FB56" authorityName="Lacepede" authorityYear="1800" box="[935,1116,1196,1221]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Scomberomorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA424D07B5C8FB473D68FB56" box="[935,1116,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Scomberomorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to the list of known hosts. However, they considered that
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D67AA424D07B79AFB243B9EFB7B" authorityName="Lacepede" authorityYear="1800" box="[501,682,1231,1256]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Scomberomorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA424D07B79AFB243B9EFB7B" box="[501,682,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Scomberomorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species served as hosts only for immature stages. The life cycle of
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D67AA424D07B6F8FB1E3852FA9E" authorityName="Shen" authorityYear="1957" box="[151,358,1268,1293]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biseriodentatus">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA424D07B6F8FB1E3852FA9E" box="[151,358,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. biseriodentatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is unusual: Cressey &amp; Cressey (1980) noted that adults appear to be found on a different host from the immature stages and they recognized the species originally described as
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D67AA424D07B25BFAF33DADFAA3" box="[1076,1177,1304,1328]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Cybium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auxisi">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA424D07B25BFAF33DADFAA3" box="[1076,1177,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. auxisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B15AA424D07B2AAFAFC3C66FAA3" box="[1221,1362,1303,1328]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refId="ref86912" refString="Pillai, N. K. (1963) Copepods parasitic on South Indian fishes- family Caligidae. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India, 5, 68 - 96." type="journal article">Pillai (1963)</bibRefCitation>
as the adult of
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D67AA424D07B696FAD638FCFAC6" authorityName="Shen" authorityYear="1957" box="[249,456,1340,1365]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biseriodentatus">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA424D07B696FAD638FCFAC6" box="[249,456,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. biseriodentatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The only host known to harbour an adult was
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D67AA424D07B59FFAD73DBFFAC6" baseAuthorityName="Lacepede" baseAuthorityYear="1800" box="[1008,1163,1340,1365]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Auxis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thazard">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA424D07B59FFAD73DBFFAC6" box="[1008,1163,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Auxis thazard</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but Cressey &amp; Cressey (1980) speculated that the adult may prefer a non-scombrid host. The discovery here of two more adult females on
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D67AA424D07B6F8FA6F383FFA0E" baseAuthorityName="Lacepede" baseAuthorityYear="1800" box="[151,267,1412,1437]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Auxis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thazard">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA424D07B6F8FA6F383FFA0E" box="[151,267,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">A. thazard</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Moreton
<collectingRegion id="49D8F806AA424D07B7D9FA6E38D7FA0E" box="[438,483,1413,1437]" country="Somalia" name="Bay" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Bay</collectingRegion>
indicates that this scombrid may well be the preferred host of the adult.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336E4AA424D07B6A8FA4C39FEF90B" blockId="47.[151,1437,151,1688]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
This species is widely distributed from the
<collectingCountry id="F30B7674AA424D07B4D5FA4C3AACFA53" box="[698,920,1447,1472]" name="Madagascar" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Malagasy Republic</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30B7674AA424D07B5C9FA4C3D3DFA53" box="[934,1033,1447,1472]" name="Tanzania" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<collectingRegion id="49D8F806AA424D07B5C9FA4C3D3DFA53" box="[934,1033,1447,1472]" country="Tanzania" name="Kaskazini Unguja" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Zanzibar</collectingRegion>
</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F30B7674AA424D07B22BFA4C3D94FA53" box="[1092,1184,1447,1472]" name="Somalia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Somalia</collectingCountry>
in the western Indian Ocean, via the Arabian Sea,
<collectingCountry id="F30B7674AA424D07B788FA273B15FA76" box="[487,545,1484,1509]" name="India" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">India</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F30B7674AA424D07B432FA273BE5FA76" box="[605,721,1484,1509]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<collectingRegion id="49D8F806AA424D07B432FA273B4AFA76" box="[605,638,1484,1509]" country="United Kingdom" name="Surrey" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Sri</collectingRegion>
Lanka
</collectingCountry>
, across to the
<collectingCountry id="F30B7674AA424D07B513FA273AC9FA76" box="[892,1021,1484,1509]" name="Philippines" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Philippines</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30B7674AA424D07B264FA273D5BFA76" box="[1035,1135,1484,1509]" name="Thailand" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Thailand</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F30B7674AA424D07B2C4FA273DDAFA76" box="[1195,1262,1484,1509]" name="China" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">China</collectingCountry>
in the western Pacific, and as far south as
<collectingCountry id="F30B7674AA424D07B7A5FA1B3B96F99B" box="[458,674,1519,1544]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<collectingRegion id="49D8F806AA424D07B7A5FA1B3B3BF994" box="[458,527,1520,1543]" country="Indonesia" name="Papua Barat" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Papua</collectingRegion>
New Guinea
</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F30B7674AA424D07B4B6FA043A74F99B" box="[729,832,1519,1544]" name="Australia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Australia</collectingCountry>
(Cressey &amp; Cressey, 1980). It was first reported from Australian waters (
<collectingRegion id="49D8F806AA424D07B7EDF9FF3B3EF9BE" box="[386,522,1556,1581]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Queensland</collectingRegion>
) by Heegaard (1962), as
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D67AA424D07B531F9FE3AC4F9BE" authorityName="Heegaard" authorityYear="1962" box="[862,1008,1556,1581]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obovatus">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA424D07B531F9FE3AC4F9BE" box="[862,1008,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. obovatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D67AA424D07B252F9FE3C3CF9BE" authorityName="Heegaard" authorityYear="1962" box="[1085,1288,1556,1581]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="proboscidatus">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA424D07B252F9FE3C3CF9BE" box="[1085,1288,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. proboscidatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, both from
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D67AA424D07B6F8F9DC3B36F9C3" authorityName="Munro" authorityYear="1943" box="[151,514,1591,1616]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Scomberomorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="queenslandicus">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA424D07B6F8F9DC3B36F9C3" box="[151,514,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Scomberomorus queenslandicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D67AA424D07B453F9D33BEFF9C3" baseAuthorityName="Lacepede" baseAuthorityYear="1800" box="[572,731,1592,1616]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Scomberomorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="commerson">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA424D07B453F9D33BEFF9C3" box="[572,731,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">S. commerson</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Subsequent records include material from
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D67AA424D07B2BEF9D33CA8F9C3" authorityName="Munro" authorityYear="1943" box="[1233,1436,1591,1616]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Scomberomorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="queenslandicus">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA424D07B2BEF9D33CA8F9C3" box="[1233,1436,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">S. queenslandicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
caught off
<collectingRegion id="49D8F806AA424D07B77CF9B6387EF9E7" box="[275,330,1629,1652]" country="Tanzania" name="Mjini Magharibi" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">West</collectingRegion>
<collectingCountry id="F30B7674AA424D07B73CF9B7388EF9E6" box="[339,442,1628,1653]" name="Australia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Australia</collectingCountry>
(Cressey &amp; Cressey, 1980). This is the first report of
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D67AA424D07B24AF9B63DC0F9E6" authorityName="Shen" authorityYear="1957" box="[1061,1268,1628,1653]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biseriodentatus">
<emphasis id="B968EAF6AA424D07B24AF9B63DC0F9E6" box="[1061,1268,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. biseriodentatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Moreton
<collectingRegion id="49D8F806AA424D07B6F8F96B39F2F90B" box="[151,198,1664,1688]" country="Somalia" name="Bay" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Bay</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>