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<document id="D7A822A54EB23E37D51D8694806DB66C" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.176282" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fe89bad2-db11-4058-a77b-59dbc6714d89" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="176282" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459830473595" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mwabvu, Tarombera, Hamer, Michelle L. &amp; Slotow, Robert H." docDate="2007" docId="03B587B06D05FFFBFF54FF796668FA59" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01452p023.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1452" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Bicoxidens grandis Lawrence 1965" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="11" masterDocId="FF8CFFC86D0CFFF1FFC3FFEE6305FFB5" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic review of the southern African millipede genus, Bicoxidens Attems, 1928 (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Spirostreptidae), with the description of three new species and a tentative phylogeny" masterLastPageNumber="23" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="10" updateTime="1698222893347" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="19FBBBD8EF0BD4CDF9EB274166926EFE" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="A6DD9724BA998CFFE732997476296E65">
<mods:title id="3136D95C3EF120A254BAE65F52CAD8E4">A taxonomic review of the southern African millipede genus, Bicoxidens Attems, 1928 (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Spirostreptidae), with the description of three new species and a tentative phylogeny</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="3E2A0BDAED8B409DB30F941D44772AC8" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="8AC408E86DEF39D7F171DCC4B9B2B5C6">Mwabvu, Tarombera</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="025FD73084BDCC26FE382737FEF23C55">Hamer, Michelle L.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="7A5BC713F9AA31440B706DA8FB1B63A9" type="personal">
<mods:role id="6E96109FB358452DDC63683393BD9481">
<mods:roleTerm id="B623634AF5ECA909C87D8E8B1DFA808B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="32879F8FD0095506DD13F4D6BA2124C7">Slotow, Robert H.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="15BCB33F5A23C5AEE88F47A3049B5C09">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="CF2B33EDB8310DF6CC8D4642CA0DBC01">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="5FE72E2AE1695FE2350305FBF30DE0D2">
<mods:date id="7F8A3DB1A8EEFFACFEBBD218D6787893">2007</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="D16905EFAAE294C9DB6CE0A1661ABCB3" type="volume">
<mods:number id="3CBC8ED5BEF4A9DA96736ED242FBD521">1452</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="0543CF63FCF1B920AC0CAEC6B694DC81">1</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="BC4DF6829A156B60239016C749FAA3FA">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="12E1BB27EAC571BB4760F0671CC801F0" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.176282</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8A4542B9DD7B264EDCDE8A45AC68DFD5" type="GBIF-Dataset">fe89bad2-db11-4058-a77b-59dbc6714d89</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="501B679DA3B9A8BDE2EC7894F61FB6E1" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="ACA810FAEB0B146274633E775D280098" type="Zenodo-Dep">176282</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03B587B06D05FFFBFF54FF796668FA59" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6251141" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119357843" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6251141" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587B06D05FFFBFF54FF796668FA59" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587B06D05FFFBFF54FF796668FA59" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<subSubSection id="C306652D6D05FFF8FF54FF7963DEFF6F" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA336A66D05FFF8FF54FF7962E5FF04" blockId="9.[151,480,151,218]" box="[151,480,151,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<heading id="D0EB81CA6D05FFF8FF54FF7962E5FF04" bold="true" box="[151,480,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D256D05FFF8FF54FF7962E5FF04" ID-CoL="LRV4" authority="Lawrence, 1965" authorityName="Lawrence" authorityYear="1965" box="[151,480,151,177]" class="Diplopoda" family="Spirostreptidae" genus="Bicoxidens" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirostreptida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis">
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D05FFF8FF54FF7962E5FF04" bold="true" box="[151,480,151,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D05FFF8FF54FF796211FF04" bold="true" box="[151,276,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">B. grandis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B576D05FFF8FEDFFF7962E5FF04" author="Lawrence" box="[284,480,151,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="23" refString="Lawrence, R. F. (1965) New Spirostreptidae and Harpagophoridae Diplopoda) from southern Africa. Mems. Inst. Invest. cient. Mocamb. Serie A 7, 38 - 39." type="journal article" year="1965">Lawrence, 1965</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336A66D05FFF8FF54FF2E63DEFF6F" blockId="9.[151,480,151,218]" box="[151,219,192,218]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<figureCitation id="13272A236D05FFF8FF54FF2E63DEFF6F" box="[151,219,192,218]" captionStart="FIGURE 5. B" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1389,1413]" captionTargetBox="[271,1299,205,1353]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[264,1324,197,1362]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. B. grandis (NMSA 8884). a, oral view of gonopods; b, aboral view of gonopods; c, oral view of prefemoral lobe of first pair of male legs; d, lateral view of collum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176287/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C306652D6D05FFF8FF54FEFE6056FED2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BA336A66D05FFF8FF54FEFE61A8FEF2" blockId="9.[151,1094,272,359]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D256D05FFF8FF54FEFE611CFE92" ID-CoL="LRV4" authority="Lawrence, 1965" authorityName="Lawrence" authorityYear="1965" box="[151,537,272,295]" class="Diplopoda" family="Spirostreptidae" genus="Bicoxidens" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirostreptida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis">
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D05FFF8FF54FEFE6261FE92" box="[151,356,272,295]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Bicoxidens grandis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B576D05FFF8FEA8FEFE611CFE92" author="Lawrence" box="[363,537,272,295]" pageId="9" pageNumber="23" refString="Lawrence, R. F. (1965) New Spirostreptidae and Harpagophoridae Diplopoda) from southern Africa. Mems. Inst. Invest. cient. Mocamb. Serie A 7, 38 - 39." type="journal article" year="1965">Lawrence, 1965</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B576D05FFF8FDE7FEFE61BDFE92" author="Krabbe" box="[548,696,272,295]" pageId="9" pageNumber="23" refString="Krabbe, E. (1982) Systematik der Spirostreptidae (Diplopoda, Spirostreptomorpha). Abh. Naturwiss. Ver. Hamburg, N. F. 24, 1 - 476." type="book chapter" year="1982">Krabbe, 1982</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B576D05FFF8FD07FEFE6055FE92" author="Hamer" box="[708,848,272,295]" pageId="9" pageNumber="23" refString="Hamer, M. (1998) Checklist of Southern African millipedes. Annals of the Natal Museum, 39, 11 - 82" type="journal article" year="1998">Hamer, 1998</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B576D05FFF8FC9FFEFE6705FE92" author="Mwabvu" box="[860,1024,272,295]" pageId="9" pageNumber="23" refString="Mwabvu, T. (2000) Two new species of Bicoxidens Attems, 1928, from Zimbabwe (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Spirostreptidae) African Zoology, 115 (1), 115 - 119." type="journal article" year="2000">Mwabvu, 2000</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B576D05FFF8FBD2FEFE6743FE92" author="Mwabvu" box="[1041,1094,272,295]" pageId="9" pageNumber="23" refString="Mwabvu, T. (2005) New records and localities of spirostreptid millipedes (Myriapoda: Diplopoda) of Zimbabwe with notes on nomenclatural changes and habitat. Arnoldia Zimbabwe, 10 (25), 249 - 256" type="journal article" year="2005">2005</bibRefCitation>
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D256D05FFF8FF54FEDE615BFEF2" authority="Schubart, 1966" authorityName="Schubart" authorityYear="1966" box="[151,606,304,327]" class="Diplopoda" family="Spirostreptidae" genus="Rhodesiostreptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirostreptida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matabele">
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D05FFF8FF54FEDE62B3FEF2" box="[151,438,304,327]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Rhodesiostreptus matabele</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B576D05FFF8FE7FFEDE615BFEF2" author="Schubart" box="[444,606,304,327]" pageId="9" pageNumber="23" refString="Schubart, O. (1966) Diplopoda III: Pselaphognatha, Opisthospermophora, Colobognatha. In: South Africa Animal Life. B. Hanstrom, P. Brinck &amp; G. Rudebeck (eds) 12, 86 - 89 &amp; 118 - 120." type="journal article" year="1966">Schubart, 1966</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D05FFF8FDA7FEC161A8FEF2" bold="true" box="[612,685,303,327]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25B57CF6D05FFF8FDA7FEC161A8FEF2" box="[612,685,303,327]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">syn. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336A66D05FFF8FF54FEBE6056FED2" blockId="9.[151,1094,272,359]" box="[151,851,336,359]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D256D05FFF8FF54FEBE610AFED2" ID-CoL="6X6ZR" authority="Krabbe, 1982" authorityName="Krabbe" authorityYear="1982" box="[151,527,336,359]" class="Diplopoda" family="Spirostreptidae" genus="Bicoxidens" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirostreptida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matabele">
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D05FFF8FF54FEBE6270FED2" box="[151,373,336,359]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Bicoxidens matabele</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B576D05FFF8FEB8FEBE610AFED2" author="Krabbe" box="[379,527,336,359]" pageId="9" pageNumber="23" refString="Krabbe, E. (1982) Systematik der Spirostreptidae (Diplopoda, Spirostreptomorpha). Abh. Naturwiss. Ver. Hamburg, N. F. 24, 1 - 476." type="book chapter" year="1982">Krabbe, 1982</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B576D05FFF8FDD9FEBE61A2FED2" author="Hamer" box="[538,679,336,359]" pageId="9" pageNumber="23" refString="Hamer, M. (1998) Checklist of Southern African millipedes. Annals of the Natal Museum, 39, 11 - 82" type="journal article" year="1998">Hamer, 1998</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B576D05FFF8FD71FEBE6056FED2" author="Mwabvu" box="[690,851,336,359]" pageId="9" pageNumber="23" refString="Mwabvu, T. (2000) Two new species of Bicoxidens Attems, 1928, from Zimbabwe (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Spirostreptidae) African Zoology, 115 (1), 115 - 119." type="journal article" year="2000">Mwabvu, 2000</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C306652D6D05FFF8FF54FE7661DAFD7F" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BA336A66D05FFF8FF54FE766065FE6F" blockId="9.[151,1437,407,1916]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<typeStatus id="54A788046D05FFF8FF54FE7663D4FE07" box="[151,209,408,434]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Type</typeStatus>
material
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D256D05FFF8FE8AFE7662CDFE04" box="[329,456,408,434]" class="Diplopoda" family="Spirostreptidae" genus="Bicoxidens" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirostreptida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis">
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D05FFF8FE8AFE76625EFE04" box="[329,347,408,433]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">B</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D05FFF8FEADFE7662CDFE04" box="[366,456,408,433]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">grandis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(examined):
<typeStatus id="54A788046D05FFF8FDAEFE7661DAFE07" box="[621,735,408,434]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectingCountry id="F30B76366D05FFF8FD2DFE766096FE07" box="[750,915,408,434]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">ZIMBABWE</collectingCountry>
: 1 ɗ,
<quantity id="4CE49B436D05FFF8FC27FE766737FE07" box="[996,1074,408,434]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
West of Birchenough Bridge [
<geoCoordinate id="EE2850616D05FFF8FF5DFE2E63FAFE6F" box="[158,255,448,474]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="-19.833334">19°50'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE2850616D05FFF8FEC8FE2E6268FE6F" box="[267,365,448,474]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="32.5">32°30'E</geoCoordinate>
],
<date id="FFA210666D05FFF8FE42FE2E62FFFE6F" box="[385,506,448,474]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1962-02-20">20.ii.1962</date>
, D. G. Broadley (
<collectionCode id="ED0DAE636D05FFF8FD06FE2E6018FE6F" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" box="[709,797,448,474]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">NMSA</collectionCode>
8884)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336A66D05FFF8FF05FE066283FD9F" blockId="9.[151,1437,407,1916]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<typeStatus id="54A788046D05FFF8FF05FE066205FDB7" box="[198,256,488,514]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Type</typeStatus>
material
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D256D05FFF8FEBAFE06610FFDB4" box="[377,522,488,513]" class="Diplopoda" family="Spirostreptidae" genus="Bicoxidens" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirostreptida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matabele">
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D05FFF8FEBAFE06610FFDB4" box="[377,522,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">B. matabele</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(examined):
<typeStatus id="54A788046D05FFF8FD73FE066027FDB7" box="[688,802,488,514]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectingCountry id="F30B76366D05FFF8FCF2FE0660D3FDB7" box="[817,982,488,514]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">ZIMBABWE</collectingCountry>
: 1 ɗ, WN West Nicholson,
<date id="FFA210666D05FFF8FAF4FE066699FDB7" box="[1335,1436,488,514]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1951-05-06">6.v.1951</date>
(
<collectionCode id="ED0DAE636D05FFF8FF5CFDFE63F0FD9F" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34994" box="[159,245,528,554]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34994" name="Lund University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">MZLU</collectionCode>
/L951/3730)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336A66D05FFF8FF05FDD661DAFD7F" blockId="9.[151,1437,407,1916]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Additional material examined:
<collectingCountry id="F30B76366D05FFF8FD80FDD661EDFDE7" box="[579,744,568,594]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">ZIMBABWE</collectingCountry>
: 1 ɗ, Silobela [
<geoCoordinate id="EE2850616D05FFF8FC6DFDD6671DFDE7" box="[942,1048,568,594]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="-19.333334">19º20' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE2850616D05FFF8FBE9FDD6678FFDE7" box="[1066,1162,568,594]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="29.583334">29º35'E</geoCoordinate>
],
<date id="FFA210666D05FFF8FB60FDD667FAFDE7" box="[1187,1279,568,594]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1997-11">xi.1997</date>
, T. Mwabvu (NMZ uncatalogued); 1 ɗ 2Ψ, Birchenough Bridge [
<geoCoordinate id="EE2850616D05FFF8FCC6FD8E6060FDCF" box="[773,869,608,634]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="-19.916666">19°55'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE2850616D05FFF8FCB1FD8E60D1FDCF" box="[882,980,608,634]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="32.583332">32°35'E</geoCoordinate>
], 1998, T. Mwabvu (
<collectionCode id="ED0DAE636D05FFF8FB10FD8E6629FDCF" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" box="[1235,1324,608,634]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">NMSA</collectionCode>
20528); 1 ɗ 3Ψ, Zvomukonde [
<geoCoordinate id="EE2850616D05FFF8FE52FD6662EAFD17" box="[401,495,648,674]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="-20.833334">20º50'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE2850616D05FFF8FE3FFD666159FD17" box="[508,604,648,674]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="30.5">30º30'E</geoCoordinate>
],
<date id="FFA210666D05FFF8FDB3FD6661D1FD17" box="[624,724,648,674]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1998-12">xii.1998</date>
, T. Mwabvu (NMZ uncatalogued); 2 ɗ 4Ψ, Silobela [
<geoCoordinate id="EE2850616D05FFF8FA93FD6663ACFD7F" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="-19.333334">19º20' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE2850616D05FFF8FF75FD5E6213FD7F" box="[182,278,688,714]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="29.5">29º30'E</geoCoordinate>
],
<date id="FFA210666D05FFF8FEEAFD5E6288FD7F" box="[297,397,688,714]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1998-12">xii.1998</date>
, T. Mwabvu (
<collectionCode id="ED0DAE636D05FFF8FDEDFD5E6182FD7F" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" box="[558,647,688,714]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">NMSA</collectionCode>
20546).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C306652D6D05FFF8FF05FD3663FDFC0F" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BA336A66D05FFF8FF05FD3660A6FCF7" blockId="9.[151,1437,407,1916]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D05FFF8FF05FD366238FD44" box="[198,317,728,753]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Diagnosis</emphasis>
: Apical telocoxite with a horizontal apically acute lateral process and a curved median process that overlaps with median process from opposite gonopod (
<figureCitation id="13272A236D05FFF8FC95FCEE60ADFCAF" box="[854,936,768,794]" captionStart="FIGURE 5. B" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1389,1413]" captionTargetBox="[271,1299,205,1353]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[264,1324,197,1362]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. B. grandis (NMSA 8884). a, oral view of gonopods; b, aboral view of gonopods; c, oral view of prefemoral lobe of first pair of male legs; d, lateral view of collum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176287/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
a, 5b). Aborally, an apical ear-shaped lobe present on lateral leaf at same level as axe-shaped median process.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336A66D05FFF8FF05FCBE625DFCDF" blockId="9.[151,1437,407,1916]" box="[198,344,848,874]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Description:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336A66D05FFF8FF05FC9663FDFC0F" blockId="9.[151,1437,407,1916]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D05FFF8FF05FC9663F0FC24" box="[198,245,888,913]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Size</emphasis>
: Body length
<quantity id="4CE49B436D05FFF8FE62FC966103FC27" box="[417,518,888,914]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="135.0">135 mm</quantity>
; minimum and maximum body width
<quantity id="4CE49B436D05FFF8FC13FC966736FC27" box="[976,1075,888,914]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="7.0">7–8 mm</quantity>
and
<quantity id="4CE49B436D05FFF8FBADFC9667E4FC27" box="[1134,1249,888,914]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="9.5" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="8.0">8–11 mm</quantity>
; antenna length
<quantity id="4CE49B436D05FFF8FF54FC4E63FDFC0F" box="[151,248,928,954]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="7.0">7–9 mm</quantity>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C306652D6D05FFFBFF05FC266668FA59" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA336A66D05FFF8FF05FC266122FC57" blockId="9.[151,1437,407,1916]" box="[198,551,968,994]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D05FFF8FF05FC2662C3FC54" box="[198,454,968,993]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Number of body rings</emphasis>
: 52–62.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336A66D05FFF8FF05FC1E61ECFBBF" blockId="9.[151,1437,407,1916]" box="[198,745,1008,1034]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D05FFF8FF05FC1E621CFBBC" box="[198,281,1008,1033]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Colour</emphasis>
: Body black; antennae and legs brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336A66D05FFF8FF05FBF661D4FB87" blockId="9.[151,1437,407,1916]" box="[198,721,1048,1074]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D05FFF8FF05FBF66219FB84" box="[198,284,1048,1073]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Collum</emphasis>
: With three complete folds (
<figureCitation id="13272A236D05FFF8FDAFFBF661B7FB87" box="[620,690,1048,1074]" captionStart="FIGURE 5. B" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1389,1413]" captionTargetBox="[271,1299,205,1353]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[264,1324,197,1362]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. B. grandis (NMSA 8884). a, oral view of gonopods; b, aboral view of gonopods; c, oral view of prefemoral lobe of first pair of male legs; d, lateral view of collum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176287/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
d).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336A66D05FFF8FF05FBAD601AFB31" blockId="9.[151,1437,407,1916]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D05FFF8FF05FBAD61CCFBE9" box="[198,713,1088,1116]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pre-femoral process of 1st pair of male legs</emphasis>
: Proximal halves parallel, almost touching; rounded distally, with apical nipples deflected to face the other (
<figureCitation id="13272A236D05FFF8FD7FFB846007FB31" box="[700,770,1130,1156]" captionStart="FIGURE 5. B" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1389,1413]" captionTargetBox="[271,1299,205,1353]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[264,1324,197,1362]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. B. grandis (NMSA 8884). a, oral view of gonopods; b, aboral view of gonopods; c, oral view of prefemoral lobe of first pair of male legs; d, lateral view of collum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176287/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
c).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336A66D05FFF8FF05FB7D6068FB19" blockId="9.[151,1437,407,1916]" box="[198,877,1170,1196]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D05FFF8FF05FB7D62B5FB19" box="[198,432,1171,1196]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D256D05FFF8FF05FB7D6216FB19" box="[198,275,1171,1196]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sigilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sigilla</taxonomicName>
on body ring
</emphasis>
: Three rows, becoming one ventrally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336A66D05FFF8FF05FB5562E8FAF9" blockId="9.[151,1437,407,1916]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D05FFF8FF05FB556236FB61" box="[198,307,1211,1236]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Gonopod</emphasis>
:
<quantity id="4CE49B436D05FFF8FE81FB5462A6FB61" box="[322,419,1210,1236]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="6.0">6–7 mm</quantity>
long. Orally, apical telocoxite with a lateral and median process (
<figureCitation id="13272A236D05FFF8FB63FB5467E0FB61" box="[1184,1253,1210,1236]" captionStart="FIGURE 5. B" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1389,1413]" captionTargetBox="[271,1299,205,1353]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[264,1324,197,1362]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. B. grandis (NMSA 8884). a, oral view of gonopods; b, aboral view of gonopods; c, oral view of prefemoral lobe of first pair of male legs; d, lateral view of collum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176287/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
a). Median process crescent-shaped and overlapping the opposite process. Lateral process horizontal, long and apically acute. Distally, median leaf with median axe-shaped process not touching the opposite one (
<figureCitation id="13272A236D05FFF8FB1DFAE4661DFA91" box="[1246,1304,1290,1316]" captionStart="FIGURE 5. B" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1389,1413]" captionTargetBox="[271,1299,205,1353]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[264,1324,197,1362]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. B. grandis (NMSA 8884). a, oral view of gonopods; b, aboral view of gonopods; c, oral view of prefemoral lobe of first pair of male legs; d, lateral view of collum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176287/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig.5</figureCitation>
a).Femoral lobe typically long, (
<figureCitation id="13272A236D05FFF8FE49FADC62D5FAF9" box="[394,464,1330,1356]" captionStart="FIGURE 5. B" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1389,1413]" captionTargetBox="[271,1299,205,1353]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[264,1324,197,1362]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. B. grandis (NMSA 8884). a, oral view of gonopods; b, aboral view of gonopods; c, oral view of prefemoral lobe of first pair of male legs; d, lateral view of collum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176287/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
a).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336A66D05FFF8FF05FAB4617FFA29" blockId="9.[151,1437,407,1916]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Aborally, a small almost ear- shaped transverse projection is present on the lateral leaf (
<figureCitation id="13272A236D05FFF8FB19FAB46635FAC1" box="[1242,1328,1370,1396]" captionStart="FIGURE 5. B" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1389,1413]" captionTargetBox="[271,1299,205,1353]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[264,1324,197,1362]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. B. grandis (NMSA 8884). a, oral view of gonopods; b, aboral view of gonopods; c, oral view of prefemoral lobe of first pair of male legs; d, lateral view of collum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176287/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5b</figureCitation>
) at same level as the axe-shaped process (
<figureCitation id="13272A236D05FFF8FDD6FA6C6169FA29" box="[533,620,1410,1436]" captionStart="FIGURE 5. B" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1389,1413]" captionTargetBox="[271,1299,205,1353]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[264,1324,197,1362]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. B. grandis (NMSA 8884). a, oral view of gonopods; b, aboral view of gonopods; c, oral view of prefemoral lobe of first pair of male legs; d, lateral view of collum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176287/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5b</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336A66D05FFF8FF05FA4460D8FA71" blockId="9.[151,1437,407,1916]" box="[198,989,1450,1476]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Distribution: Current records are from southern
<collectingCountry id="F30B76366D05FFF8FD3AFA446073FA71" box="[761,886,1450,1476]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="13272A236D05FFF8FC44FA4460D0FA71" box="[903,981,1450,1476]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,255,1486,1510]" captionText="FIGURE 10: Distribution of Bicoxidens species" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig.10</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336A66D05FFF8FF05FA3C6287F939" blockId="9.[151,1437,407,1916]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Remarks: The gonopod of
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D256D05FFF8FDC8FA3D670DFA59" authority="Schubart, 1966" authorityName="Schubart" authorityYear="1966" box="[523,1032,1490,1516]" class="Diplopoda" family="Spirostreptidae" genus="Rhodesiostreptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirostreptida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matabele">
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D05FFF8FDC8FA3D604FFA59" box="[523,842,1491,1516]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Rhodesiostreptus matabele</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B576D05FFF8FC97FA3C670DFA59" author="Schubart" box="[852,1032,1490,1516]" pageId="9" pageNumber="23" refString="Schubart, O. (1966) Diplopoda III: Pselaphognatha, Opisthospermophora, Colobognatha. In: South Africa Animal Life. B. Hanstrom, P. Brinck &amp; G. Rudebeck (eds) 12, 86 - 89 &amp; 118 - 120." type="journal article" year="1966">Schubart, 1966</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is identical to that of
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D256D05FFF8FADBFA3D6691FA59" box="[1304,1428,1491,1516]" class="Diplopoda" family="Spirostreptidae" genus="Bicoxidens" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirostreptida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis">
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D05FFF8FADBFA3D6691FA59" box="[1304,1428,1491,1516]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">B. grandis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and the taxa also have overlapping distributions. Additionally, they both have an ear-shaped projection on the lateral leaf behind the median leaf apex, as well as identical telocoxites and median leaves and a telopodite with a much longer femoral lobe unlike the other species of
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D256D05FFF8FC9AF9A560DCF9D1" box="[857,985,1611,1636]" class="Diplopoda" family="Spirostreptidae" genus="Bicoxidens" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirostreptida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D05FFF8FC9AF9A560DCF9D1" box="[857,985,1611,1636]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Bicoxidens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D256D05FFF8FC2BF9A56771F9D1" box="[1000,1140,1611,1636]" class="Diplopoda" family="Spirostreptidae" genus="Rhodesiostreptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirostreptida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matabele">
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D05FFF8FC2BF9A56771F9D1" box="[1000,1140,1611,1636]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">B. matabele</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is therefore a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D256D05FFF8FEC2F99D627FF939" box="[257,378,1651,1676]" class="Diplopoda" family="Spirostreptidae" genus="Bicoxidens" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirostreptida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis">
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D05FFF8FEC2F99D627FF939" box="[257,378,1651,1676]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">B. grandis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336A66D05FFF8FF05F974620CF8C9" blockId="9.[151,1437,407,1916]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Although
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D256D05FFF8FEFEF9756292F901" box="[317,407,1691,1716]" class="Diplopoda" family="Spirostreptidae" genus="Bicoxidens" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirostreptida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis">
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D05FFF8FEFEF9756292F901" box="[317,407,1691,1716]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">grandis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is larger than
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D256D05FFF8FD82F97561B0F901" box="[577,693,1691,1716]" class="Diplopoda" family="Spirostreptidae" genus="Bicoxidens" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirostreptida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicollis">
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D05FFF8FD82F97561B0F901" box="[577,693,1691,1716]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">flavicollis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, their gonopods are similar in that they have overlapping, flattened median processes on the distal telocoxites and axe-shaped processes on the median leaf unlike the other species. The two species are, however, quite distinct;
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D256D05FFF8FCD7F905608DF8B1" box="[788,904,1771,1796]" class="Diplopoda" family="Spirostreptidae" genus="Bicoxidens" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirostreptida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicollis">
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D05FFF8FCD7F905608DF8B1" box="[788,904,1771,1796]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">flavicollis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does not have a lateral process on the apical telocoxite or an aboral ear-shaped projection on the lateral leaf. Unlike
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D256D05FFF8FC19F8FD674BF899" box="[986,1102,1811,1836]" class="Diplopoda" family="Spirostreptidae" genus="Bicoxidens" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirostreptida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicollis">
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D05FFF8FC19F8FD674BF899" box="[986,1102,1811,1836]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">flavicollis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the paracoxite of
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D256D05FFF8FAE4F8FD6684F899" box="[1319,1409,1811,1836]" class="Diplopoda" family="Spirostreptidae" genus="Bicoxidens" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirostreptida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis">
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D05FFF8FAE4F8FD6684F899" box="[1319,1409,1811,1836]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">grandis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is not tightly attached to the lateral leaf as in
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D256D05FFF8FD45F8D561D1F8E1" box="[646,724,1851,1876]" class="Diplopoda" family="Spirostreptidae" genus="Bicoxidens" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirostreptida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="friendi">
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D05FFF8FD45F8D561D1F8E1" box="[646,724,1851,1876]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">friendi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D256D05FFF8FCCFF8D56080F8E1" box="[780,901,1851,1876]" class="Diplopoda" family="Spirostreptidae" genus="Bicoxidens" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirostreptida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gokwensis">
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D05FFF8FCCFF8D56080F8E1" box="[780,901,1851,1876]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">gokwensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D256D05FFF8FC50F8D56709F8E1" box="[915,1036,1851,1876]" class="Diplopoda" family="Spirostreptidae" genus="Bicoxidens" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirostreptida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis">
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D05FFF8FC50F8D56709F8E1" box="[915,1036,1851,1876]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">B. grandis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has only been recorded in hot and dry areas.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF63662E6D06FFFBFF54FA83600EFA12" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176287/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" targetBox="[271,1299,205,1353]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8BA336A66D06FFFBFF54FA83600EFA12" blockId="10.[151,1436,1389,1516]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D06FFFBFF54FA83621CFA30" bold="true" box="[151,281,1389,1413]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D256D06FFFBFEE3FA83628AFA31" box="[288,399,1389,1412]" class="Diplopoda" family="Spirostreptidae" genus="Bicoxidens" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirostreptida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis">
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D06FFFBFEE3FA83628AFA31" box="[288,399,1389,1412]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">B. grandis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(NMSA 8884).
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D06FFFBFD86FA83615FFA30" bold="true" box="[581,602,1389,1413]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">a,</emphasis>
oral view of gonopods;
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D06FFFBFCA6FA83607EFA30" bold="true" box="[869,891,1389,1413]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">b,</emphasis>
aboral view of gonopods;
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D06FFFBFB5AFA8367AEFA30" bold="true" box="[1177,1195,1389,1413]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">c,</emphasis>
oral view of prefemoral lobe of first pair of male legs;
<emphasis id="B968EAB46D06FFFBFE3EFA616116FA12" bold="true" box="[509,531,1423,1447]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">d,</emphasis>
lateral view of collum.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA336A66D06FFFBFF54FA5C6668FA59" blockId="10.[151,1436,1389,1516]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Abbreviations: asp, axe-shaped process; at, apical telocoxite; cf, collum fold; fl, femoral lobe; llp, lateral leaf projection; ll, lateral leaf; lp, lateral process; mp, median process; pc, paracoxite; pfl, prefemoral lobe; st, sternite; tp, telopodite</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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