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<document id="3AE5C6A9A0A72B7D48ED27BD645CB137" ID-CLB-Dataset="80832" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6707142" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ab66b2b7-9544-4411-bf61-5bc3651d7bca" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-04-6" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6707142" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1656002532852" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier &amp; Thomas E. Lacher, Jr" docDate="2017" docId="03F06D13FF94205C084C12BB0C57FC55" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_7_Cricetidae_0204.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Microtus pinetorum" docType="treatment" docVersion="15" lastPageNumber="336" masterDocId="FFC9156BFFAE20670D37145C0837FFDB" masterDocTitle="Cricetidae" masterLastPageNumber="535" masterPageNumber="204" pageNumber="335" updateTime="1718799336328" updateUser="carolina">
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<mods:title id="B7AA6967A9A4B867A55EE28311474CC2">Cricetidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="073163DDA2B8A69FC68117A2D079F9D6">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="97343D1DAF0E92BFFC3144DC96752EFC">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="657E577617D092AF322EC380994D5A95">Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:publisher id="6F8DAE88ADFFFD885F721E545C7B7E6B">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:titleInfo id="212E8DFDBE9DAD7D1007D35FC978604A">
<mods:title id="8F6E8821A353C19A4FEA6353AA4166E6">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03F06D13FF94205C084C12BB0C57FC55" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6707053" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196220889" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6707053" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F06D13FF94205C084C12BB0C57FC55" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F06D13FF94205C084C12BB0C57FC55" lastPageId="59" lastPageNumber="336" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF94205D084C12BB0DFDF8CE" box="[1403,1482,1767,1813]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF94205D084C12BB0DFDF8CE" blockId="58.[1398,2281,1767,1892]" box="[1403,1482,1767,1813]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">
<heading id="D0AE6B69FF94205D084C12BB0DFDF8CE" box="[1403,1482,1767,1813]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">
<figureCitation id="1362C080FF94205D084C12BB0DFDF8CE" box="[1403,1482,1767,1813]" captionStart="On" captionStartId="50.[118,148,3222,3247]" captionTargetBox="[11,2748,13,3647]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="On following pages: 115. Reed Vole (Alexandromys fortis); 116. Sakhalin Vole (Alexandromys sachalinensis); 117. Mongolian Vole (Alexandromys mongolicus); 118. Middendorff's Vole (Alexandromys middendorffii; 119. Gromov's Vole (Alexandromys gromovi); 120. Lacustrine Vole (Alexandromys limnophilus); 121. Root Vole (Alexandromys oeconomus); 122. Taiwan Vole (Alexandromys kikuchii); 123. Japanese Grass Vole (Alexandromys montebell); 124. Afghan Vole (Microtus afghanus); 125. Bucharian Vole (Microtus bucharensis); 126. Juniper Vole (Microtus juldaschi); 127. Short-tailed Field Vole (Microtus agrestis); 128. Mediterranean Field Vole (Microtus lavernedii): 129. Portuguese Field Vole (Microtus rozianus); 130. Insular Vole (Microtus abbreviatus); 131. Singing Vole (Microtus miurus); 132. Rock Vole (Microtus chrotorrhinus); 133. Zempoaltepec Vole (Microtus umbrosus); 134. Tarabundi Vole (Microtus oaxacensis); 135. Guatemalan Vole (Microtus guatemalensis); 136. Woodland Vole (Microtus pinetorum); 137. Jalapan Vole (Microtus quasiater); 138. California Vole (Microtus californicus): 139. Beach Vole (Microtus brewer); 140. Mexican Vole (Microtus mexicanus); 141. Mogollon Vole (Microtus mogollonensis); 142. Prairie Vole (Microtus ochrogasten; 143. Taiga Vole (Microtus xanthognathus); 144. Cabrera'’s Vole (Microtus cabrerae); 145. North American Water Vole (Microtus richardson); 146. Gray-tailed Vole (Microtus canicaudus)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6708411" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6708411/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">136.</figureCitation>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF94205D08EE12BB0F2DF8CE" box="[1497,1818,1767,1813]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF94205D08EE12BB0F2DF8CE" blockId="58.[1398,2281,1767,1892]" box="[1497,1818,1767,1813]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">
<heading id="D0AE6B69FF94205D08EE12BB0F2DF8CE" box="[1497,1818,1767,1813]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">
<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFF94205D08EE12BB0F2DF8CE" ID-CoL="7VV8F" baseAuthorityName="Le Conte" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[1497,1818,1767,1813]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="58" pageNumber="335" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pinetorum">Woodland Vole</vernacularName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF94205D0A5712BB00F5F8CE" box="[1888,2242,1767,1813]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF94205D0A5712BB00F5F8CE" blockId="58.[1398,2281,1767,1892]" box="[1888,2242,1767,1813]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">
<heading id="D0AE6B69FF94205D0A5712BB00F5F8CE" box="[1888,2242,1767,1813]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF94205D0A5712BB00F5F8CE" ID-CoL="7VV8F" baseAuthorityName="Le Conte" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[1888,2242,1767,1813]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="58" pageNumber="335" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pinetorum">
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF94205D0A5712BB00F5F8CE" box="[1888,2242,1767,1813]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">Microtus pinetorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF94205D084F137B0FD2F8BF" pageId="58" pageNumber="335" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF94205D084F137B00D0F8E7" blockId="58.[1398,2281,1767,1892]" box="[1400,2279,1831,1852]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">
<heading id="D0AE6B69FF94205D084F137B00D0F8E7" box="[1400,2279,1831,1852]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF94205D084F137B0DF4F8E7" bold="true" box="[1400,1475,1831,1852]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">French:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFF94205D08FB137B0EABF8E7" ID-CoL="7VV8F" baseAuthorityName="Le Conte" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[1484,1692,1831,1852]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Rodentia" pageId="58" pageNumber="335" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pinetorum">Campagnol sylvestre</vernacularName>
/
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF94205D0B85137B0F3BF8E7" bold="true" box="[1714,1804,1831,1852]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">German:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFF94205D0A20137B0FF4F8E7" ID-CoL="7VV8F" baseAuthorityName="Le Conte" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[1815,1987,1831,1852]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Rodentia" pageId="58" pageNumber="335" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pinetorum">Kiefernwiihimaus</vernacularName>
/
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF94205D0AEE137B0003F8E7" bold="true" box="[2009,2100,1831,1852]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">Spanish:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFF94205D050E137B00D0F8E7" ID-CoL="7VV8F" baseAuthorityName="Le Conte" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[2105,2279,1831,1852]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Rodentia" pageId="58" pageNumber="335" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pinetorum">Topillo de bosque</vernacularName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF94205D084013130FD2F8BF" blockId="58.[1398,2281,1767,1892]" box="[1399,2021,1871,1892]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">
<heading id="D0AE6B69FF94205D084013130FD2F8BF" box="[1399,2021,1871,1892]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF94205D084013130E59F8BF" bold="true" box="[1399,1646,1871,1892]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">Other common names:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFF94205D0B4F13130ECFF8BF" ID-CoL="7VV8F" baseAuthorityName="Le Conte" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[1656,1784,1871,1892]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="58" pageNumber="335" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pinetorum">Mole Mouse</vernacularName>
,
<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFF94205D0A3113130F49F8BF" ID-CoL="7VV8F" baseAuthorityName="Le Conte" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[1798,1918,1871,1892]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="58" pageNumber="335" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pinetorum">Pine Mouse</vernacularName>
,
<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFF94205D0ABB13130FD2F8BF" ID-CoL="7VV8F" baseAuthorityName="Le Conte" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[1932,2021,1871,1892]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="58" pageNumber="335" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pinetorum">Pine Vole</vernacularName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF94205D0AEC13CA019FF7AC" pageId="58" pageNumber="335" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF94205D0AEC13CA0085F78B" blockId="58.[2011,2603,1942,2364]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF94205D0AEC13CA0041F868" bold="true" box="[2011,2166,1942,1971]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF94205D05B113CA0078F801" ID-CoL="7WMQ6" authority="Le Conte, 1830" authorityName="Le Conte" authorityYear="1830" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Psammomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="58" pageNumber="335" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pinetorum">Psammomys pinetorum Le Conte, 1830</taxonomicName>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B31D658FF94205D0553139D01E7F801" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3818814651" box="[2148,2512,1985,2010]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">
“pine forests of
<collectingCountry id="F34E9C95FF94205D047A139D01F6F801" box="[2381,2497,1985,2010]" name="Georgia" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">Georgia</collectingCountry>
.”
</materialsCitation>
Interpreted by V. Bailey in 1900 as “probably the old LeConte plantation near Riceboro,” Georgia.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF94205D0AEB1C0A019FF7AC" blockId="58.[2011,2603,1942,2364]" box="[2012,2472,2134,2167]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">Seven subspecies are recognized.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF94205D0AEC1C220085F4CF" pageId="58" pageNumber="335" type="synonymic_list">
<caption id="DF268C8DFF94205D0AEC1C220085F4CF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6760567" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6760567" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6760567/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="335" startId="58.[2011,2165,2174,2207]" targetBox="[1396,1987,1947,2361]" targetPageId="58">
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF94205D0AEC1C22015CF744" blockId="58.[2011,2603,1942,2364]" box="[2011,2411,2174,2207]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF94205D0AEC1C22015CF744" bold="true" box="[2011,2411,2174,2207]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">Subspecies and Distribution.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF94205D0AEB1CF50165F6E7" blockId="58.[2011,2603,1942,2364]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF94205D0AEB1CF50165F6E7" authority="Le Conte, 1830" authorityName="Le Conte" authorityYear="1830" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Maicrotus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="58" pageNumber="335" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="pinetorum" subSpecies="pinetorum">M.p.pinetorumLeConte,1830—SVirgin-1a,extremeETennessee,NorthCarolina,SouthCarolina,SEMississippi,SAlabama,andmostofGeorgia,USA.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF94205D08401D160E8DF669" blockId="58.[1397,2603,2378,3465]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF94205D08401D160E8DF669" authority="Bailey, 1898" authorityName="Bailey" authorityYear="1898" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Maicrotus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="58" pageNumber="335" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="pinetorum" subSpecies="auricularis">M.p.auricularisBailey,1898—SIndiana,SWOhio,extremeSEMissouri,mostofKentucky,E&amp;SArkansas,mostofTennessee,ETexas,Louisiana,Mississippi,NAlabama,andNWGeorgia,USA.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF94205D08401DE40F26F5DB" blockId="58.[1397,2603,2378,3465]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF94205D08401DE40F26F5DB" authority="Handley, 1952" authorityName="Handley" authorityYear="1952" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Maicrotus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="58" pageNumber="335" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="pinetorum" subSpecies="carbonarius">M.p.carbonariusHandley,1952—extremeSEOhio,extremeWWestVirginia,EKentucky,andETennessee,USA.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF94205D08401E570111F594" blockId="58.[1397,2603,2378,3465]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF94205D08401E570111F594" authority="Bailey, 1898" authorityName="Bailey" authorityYear="1898" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Maicrotus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="58" pageNumber="335" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="pinetorum" subSpecies="nemoralis">M.p.nemoralisBailey,1898—extremeSEMinnesota,SWWisconsin,Iowa,SENebraska,EKansas,Missouri,EOklahoma,Arkansas,andNETexas,USA.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF94205D08401E0A012EF5AC" blockId="58.[1397,2603,2378,3465]" box="[1399,2329,2646,2679]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF94205D08401E0A012EF5AC" authority="A. H. Howell, 1916" authorityName="A. H. Howell" authorityYear="1916" baseAuthorityName="A.H.Howell" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[1399,2329,2646,2679]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Maicrotus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="58" pageNumber="335" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="pinetorum" subSpecies="parvulus">M.p.parvulusA.H.Howell,1916—SGeorgiaandNFlorida,USA.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF94205D08401E210F24F537" blockId="58.[1397,2603,2378,3465]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF94205D08401E210F24F537" authority="Audubon &amp; Bachman, 1841" authorityName="Audubon &amp; Bachman" authorityYear="1841" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Maicrotus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="58" pageNumber="335" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="pinetorum" subSpecies="scalopsoides">M.p.scalopsoidesAudubon&amp;Bachman,1841—extremeSOntarioandextremeSQuebec,Canada,andfromSWisconsinandIllinoisEtotheAtlanticcoastfromextremeSWMainetoSVirginia,USA.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF94205D08401EA70085F4CF" blockId="58.[1397,2603,2378,3465]" box="[1399,2226,2811,2836]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF94205D08401EA70F5CF4CF" authority="H. H. T. Jackson, 1941" authorityName="H. H. T. Jackson" authorityYear="1941" box="[1399,1899,2811,2836]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Maicrotus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="58" pageNumber="335" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="pinetorum" subSpecies="schmidti">M. p. schmidti H. H. T. Jackson, 1941</taxonomicName>
— WC Wisconsin, USA.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF94205D08421F430087F3DB" pageId="58" pageNumber="335" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF94205D08421F430087F3DB" blockId="58.[1397,2603,2378,3465]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF94205D08421F430E5AF4E7" bold="true" box="[1397,1645,2847,2876]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
Head—body 63-110 mm, tail 17-25 mm, hindfoot 13-19 mm; weight 25-38 g. Dorsal pelage of the Woodland Vole is smooth, silky, and russet brown to brownish chestnut, with black-tipped hair on rump and back; venteris dull gray; and color variants have been noted, including albinos. Tail is short and indistinctly bicolored. Body shape is tubular, and ears and eyes are small—adaptations for semi-fossorial burrowing. Chromosomal complement is 2n = 62, FN = 62.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF94205D0842185B0062F345" pageId="58" pageNumber="335" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF94205D0842185B0062F345" blockId="58.[1397,2603,2378,3465]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF94205D0842185B0DD3F3F3" bold="true" box="[1397,1508,3079,3112]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">Habitat.</emphasis>
Near deciduous forests (e.g. beech-maple-oak associations) and other wooded areas with evergreen shrubs, herbaceous understory, and logs and often where soils are moist and loose enough for burrowing. Apple orchards in eastern North America are reportedly excellent habitat for Woodland Voles.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF94205D084218F80DF1F2E1" pageId="58" pageNumber="335" type="food_feeding">
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF94205D084218F80DF1F2E1" blockId="58.[1397,2603,2378,3465]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF94205D084218F80E4CF31E" bold="true" box="[1397,1659,3236,3269]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
Woodland Voles commonly eat tree roots, bulbs, seeds, fruits, and herbaceous plants. They sometimes damage agricultural crops, including commercial orchards by eating tree bark and saplings, sweet and white potatoes, peanuts, and lily bulbs.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF94205C0842191D09F4FE6E" lastPageId="59" lastPageNumber="336" pageId="58" pageNumber="335" type="breeding">
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF94205C0842191D09F4FE6E" blockId="58.[1397,2603,2378,3465]" lastBlockId="59.[172,1383,285,913]" lastPageId="59" lastPageNumber="336" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF94205D0842191D0DCCF2B9" bold="true" box="[1397,1531,3393,3426]" pageId="58" pageNumber="335">Breeding.</emphasis>
Woodland Voles breed in February-November, and breeding season is longer in southern parts of their distribution. Gestation is 20-24 days. Female have 1-4 litters/year, each with 1-5 young. Variation in litter size might be affected by light intensity, forage quality, and size of pregnant females. Lactation averages 20 days, and young are weaned at 17-21 days. Nests are constructed under downed logs, below leaf litter, or in burrows.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF95205C0D9A15E70B26FDD8" pageId="59" pageNumber="336" type="activity">
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF95205C0D9A15E70B26FDD8" blockId="59.[172,1383,285,913]" pageId="59" pageNumber="336">
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF95205C0D9A15E709AEFE07" bold="true" box="[173,409,443,476]" pageId="59" pageNumber="336">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
Woodland Voles are active year-round and primarily during the
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF95205C081915E70D6BFE07" box="[1326,1372,443,476]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Ondatra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="59" pageNumber="336" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="day">day</taxonomicName>
, although nocturnal activity has been noted.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF95205C0D9916550AE0FCCC" pageId="59" pageNumber="336" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF95205C0D9916550AE0FCCC" blockId="59.[172,1383,285,913]" pageId="59" pageNumber="336">
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF95205C0D9916550BBAFDF1" bold="true" box="[174,909,521,554]" pageId="59" pageNumber="336">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
Daily movements of Woodland Voles are confined to vicinities of their burrow systems; burrows may be occupied by multiple individuals. Home ranges are c.0-1 ha. Woodland Voles tend to be sparsely distributed in natural habitats; densities usually are highest in orchards during autumn. Average density is up to 2-4 ind/ha; densities can increase up to 15 ind/ha and are likely higher in orchards. Woodland Voles are not thought to be territorial and reportedly occur in loose social groups.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF95205C0D98177E0CFEFCE4" box="[175,1225,802,831]" pageId="59" pageNumber="336" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF95205C0D98177E0CFEFCE4" blockId="59.[172,1383,285,913]" box="[175,1225,802,831]" pageId="59" pageNumber="336">
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF95205C0D98177E0A3BFCE4" bold="true" box="[175,524,802,831]" pageId="59" pageNumber="336">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF95205C0D87170D0C57FC55" pageId="59" pageNumber="336" type="bibRefCitation_list">
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF95205C0D87170D0C57FC55" blockId="59.[172,1383,285,913]" pageId="59" pageNumber="336">
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF95205C0D87170D097FFCBD" bold="true" box="[176,328,849,870]" pageId="59" pageNumber="336">Bibliography.</emphasis>
Bradley, Ammerman etal. (2014), Hall (1981), Linzey &amp; NatureServe (Hammerson) (2008), Miller &amp; Getz (1969), Musser &amp; Carleton (2005), Smolen (1981), Whitaker &amp; Hamilton (1998).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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