270 lines
28 KiB
XML
270 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document id="3C6846FBB7B9375FC6C6C2BC54124704" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.200521" ID-GBIF-Dataset="58f4e48e-1a93-4b20-bd0a-8bc98bf2d618" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="200521" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460341739273" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Williams, Gary C. & Alderslade, Philip" docDate="2011" docId="FC569472DE601F3877F3F8D6FC9BF815" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03001p048.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3001" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Anthoptilum lithophilum Williams & Alderslade, 2011, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="38" masterDocId="006FEC0ADE631F3D7764FF90FF8FFF99" masterDocTitle="Three new species of pennatulacean octocorals with the ability to attach to rocky substrata (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Pennatulacea)" masterLastPageNumber="48" masterPageNumber="33" pageNumber="36" updateTime="1698261214968" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="D1E03BF6350C701062AF121D1EB55C99" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="8E339804A3C6DEA14746E3E941241DA3">
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<mods:title id="FB630590D2FF970B9FCA2B489D115DF5">Three new species of pennatulacean octocorals with the ability to attach to rocky substrata (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Pennatulacea)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="9DCD1701C36817AFA5F685615A87F396" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="5E0092795BB2C569E25F9B94676C2F88">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6B497C1B4F6EE9399B73F0AC521C81D4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="35AF0FCEE6E90F7623670F170C9A642A">Williams, Gary C.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="E1B466A982DD3A2BF316079BF7BA34D5" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="C97CFCC26A362A8084FEEC453D2B6204">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B8298C114B44DF5650E9F76FCE6883AF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="8D90B98BDD0F49741DE35B1E55C5C895">Alderslade, Philip</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="E19EE1C038AF1FE61D914927063D6911">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="CE085FD691128A4084CED2C6DCE14EE0">
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<mods:title id="0D9348EAC4FDC72F0655F8DECEC560B2">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="79D515A04C1DFA46538FD2A679D85D78">
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<mods:date id="4B1AB90232B7965CB93554E93B182A2E">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="88B088CEFC92F1F6C299BDCA9B6D5F96" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="10EAC0AAA52213C9D29AABCF2675B04D">3001</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="64F3B54E13099B8C72C7C16BE79C39A4">33</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="BA995CDFEE155B8F5FCB7E4E0247C508">48</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="60C23B7C08B56BFC50548FD6A6DF3A43">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="7CFEBCEBB015035BEEB0CE2C988EA1BB" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.200521</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="404EF0ADE3B71E95F134BB284EEC5DBB" type="GBIF-Dataset">58f4e48e-1a93-4b20-bd0a-8bc98bf2d618</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B604B2848A2D209D3CB0900D344CCCF7" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="06A15851CA9F5FC082E0B8B884CA5A41" type="Zenodo-Dep">200521</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="FC569472DE601F3877F3F8D6FC9BF815" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6186535" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119406582" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6186535" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FC569472DE601F3877F3F8D6FC9BF815" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FC569472DE601F3877F3F8D6FC9BF815" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
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<subSubSection id="3CE576EFDE601F3E77F3F8D6FE07F818" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="74402564DE601F3E77F3F8D6FDA5F8F9" blockId="3.[151,554,1862,1921]" box="[151,554,1862,1888]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
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<heading id="2F089208DE601F3E77F3F8D6FDA5F8F9" bold="true" box="[151,554,1862,1888]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="468BF976DE601F3E77F3F8D6FDA5F8F9" bold="true" box="[151,554,1862,1888]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
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||
<taxonomicName id="B3FF5EE7DE601F3E77F3F8D6FE4AF8F9" ID-CoL="67FMG" box="[151,453,1862,1888]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthoptilidae" genus="Anthoptilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lithophilum" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="468BF976DE601F3E77F3F8D6FE4AF8F9" bold="true" box="[151,453,1862,1888]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Anthoptilum lithophilum</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="5DB8440DDE601F3E76A8F8D6FDA5F8F9" box="[460,554,1862,1888]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="74402564DE601F3E77F3F8F9FE07F818" blockId="3.[151,554,1862,1921]" box="[151,392,1897,1921]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
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||
<figureCitation id="ECC439E1DE601F3E77F3F8F9FE8DF818" box="[151,258,1897,1921]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="4.[151,250,1962,1985]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,250,905,928]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,193,1941]" captionTargetId-0="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1941]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Anthoptilum lithophilum sp. nov.: A, holotype CAS 179453; B, paratype CAS 179454." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Anthoptilum lithophilum sp. nov.: Polyp wall sclerites from paratype." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/200523/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Figs. 2–3</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="ECC439E1DE601F3E7669F8F9FE93F818" box="[269,284,1897,1921]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1908,1931]" captionTargetBox="[162,1421,543,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[162,1422,543,1886]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Rock-inhabiting sea pens, in situ, scales not given: A – B, indeterminate taxon, Hawai’i, note the axis in the translucent sucker in image B (images courtesy of HURL); C, Anthoptilum lithophilum sp. nov., central California (photo courtesy of MBARI); D, indeterminate taxon, New Zealand (photo courtesy of NIWA). [Colonies in A, B, C only photographed and assumed to be on hard substrate]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/200526/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">6</figureCitation>
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C, 8D, 10
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="3CE576EFDE601F3877F3F821FE71FBC9" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="74402564DE601F3E77F3F821FA1BF874" blockId="3.[151,1436,1969,2030]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
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<emphasis id="468BF976DE601F3E77F3F821FDA5F853" bold="true" box="[151,554,1969,1994]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
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||
Material examined.
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<typeStatus id="AB449BC6DE601F3E76EFF821FDA5F853" box="[395,554,1969,1994]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
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||
</emphasis>
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:
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<emphasis id="468BF976DE601F3E755FF821FD5FF853" bold="true" box="[571,720,1969,1994]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
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||
<collectionCode id="12EEBDA1DE601F3E755FF821FDFCF853" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" box="[571,627,1969,1994]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">CAS</collectionCode>
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179453
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</emphasis>
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, sample number T666-R10, California, Northeast Bank, Outer California Borderlands,
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<geoCoordinate id="11CB43A3DE601F3E76D0F845FDEDF874" box="[436,610,2005,2029]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" precision="1" value="32.27163">32.2716305° N</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="11CB43A3DE601F3E7511F845FCBBF874" box="[629,820,2005,2029]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" precision="1" value="-119.67248">119.6724745° W</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<quantity id="B3078881DE601F3E745AF845FC09F874" box="[830,902,2005,2029]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.69" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" unit="m" value="669.0">669 m</quantity>
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||
depth,
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<date id="004103A4DE601F3E74BDF845FBE5F874" box="[985,1130,2005,2030]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" value="2004-05-03">3 May 2004</date>
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,
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<collectionCode id="12EEBDA1DE601F3E7311F846FB5BF877" box="[1141,1236,2006,2030]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">MBARI</collectionCode>
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, on basaltic lava.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<caption id="208075ECDE671F3977F3F83AFB05F858" box="[151,1162,1962,1985]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/200523/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1941]" targetPageId="4">
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<paragraph id="74402564DE671F3977F3F83AFB05F858" blockId="4.[151,1162,1962,1985]" box="[151,1162,1962,1985]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">
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<emphasis id="468BF976DE671F3977F3F83AFE9CF859" bold="true" box="[151,275,1962,1985]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="B3FF5EE7DE671F39767DF83BFD9EF858" box="[281,529,1963,1985]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthoptilidae" genus="Anthoptilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lithophilum" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="468BF976DE671F39767DF83BFD9EF858" box="[281,529,1963,1985]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Anthoptilum lithophilum</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE671F397573F83BFDE7F859" bold="true" box="[535,616,1963,1984]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5DB8440DDE671F397573F83BFDE7F859" box="[535,616,1963,1984]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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: A, holotype CAS 179453; B, paratype CAS 179454.
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</paragraph>
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||
</caption>
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||
<caption id="208075ECDE661F3877F3FC19FC57FC39" box="[151,984,905,928]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
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||
<paragraph id="74402564DE661F3877F3FC19FC57FC39" blockId="5.[151,984,905,928]" box="[151,984,905,928]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
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||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE661F3877F3FC19FE9DFC06" bold="true" box="[151,274,905,928]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="B3FF5EE7DE661F38767DFC1AFD9EFC39" box="[281,529,906,928]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthoptilidae" genus="Anthoptilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lithophilum" status="sp. nov.">
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||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE661F38767DFC1AFD9EFC39" box="[281,529,906,928]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Anthoptilum lithophilum</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE661F387573FC1AFDE7FC06" bold="true" box="[535,616,906,927]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5DB8440DDE661F387573FC1AFDE7FC06" box="[535,616,906,927]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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||
: Polyp wall sclerites from paratype.
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</paragraph>
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||
</caption>
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||
<paragraph id="74402564DE661F3877F3FC5CFE71FBC9" blockId="5.[151,1437,972,1933]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
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||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE661F3877F3FC5CFE68FC7C" bold="true" box="[151,487,972,997]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
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||
<typeStatus id="AB449BC6DE661F3877F3FC5CFEA6FC7C" box="[151,297,972,997]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" type="paratype">PARATYPE</typeStatus>
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:
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<collectionCode id="12EEBDA1DE661F38762CFC5CFE0FFC7C" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" box="[328,384,972,997]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">CAS</collectionCode>
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179454
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</emphasis>
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, sample number T628-A4, California, Rodriguez Seamount,
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<geoCoordinate id="11CB43A3DE661F38738FFC5CFA18FC7D" box="[1259,1431,972,996]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" precision="1" value="34.05737">34.057368° N</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="11CB43A3DE661F3877F3FC60FEC3FB91" box="[151,332,1008,1032]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" precision="1" value="-121.052986">121.052983° W</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<quantity id="B3078881DE661F38763EFC60FE2BFB91" box="[346,420,1008,1032]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" unit="m" value="700.0">700 m</quantity>
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depth,
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<date id="004103A4DE661F38769AFC60FD4CFB91" box="[510,707,1008,1032]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" value="2003-10-14">14 October 2003</date>
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||
,
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<collectionCode id="12EEBDA1DE661F3875B5FC61FCBFFB90" box="[721,816,1009,1033]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">MBARI</collectionCode>
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, on volcaniclastic pavement.
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||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE661F3873E2FC60FA1AFB90" bold="true" box="[1158,1429,1008,1033]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
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||
<collectionCode id="12EEBDA1DE661F3873E2FC60FB60FB90" box="[1158,1263,1008,1033]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">OTHER</collectionCode>
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||
:
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||
<collectionCode id="12EEBDA1DE661F38739BFC60FAB8FB90" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" box="[1279,1335,1008,1033]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">CAS</collectionCode>
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||
179456
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||
</emphasis>
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||
,
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||
<taxonomicName id="B3FF5EE7DE661F3877F3FB85FEADFBB4" box="[151,290,1045,1069]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthoptilidae" genus="Anthoptilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE661F3877F3FB85FEADFBB4" box="[151,290,1045,1069]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Anthoptilum</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
sp. indet., Hawai’i, Niihau,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="11CB43A3DE661F387501FB84FC8EFBB5" box="[613,769,1044,1068]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" precision="1" value="21.9875">21° 59.250’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="11CB43A3DE661F38746AFB84FC49FBB5" box="[782,966,1044,1068]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" precision="1" value="-160.21051">160° 12.631’ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, Site: NW-1c,
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||
<quantity id="B3078881DE661F387309FB84FB39FBB5" box="[1133,1206,1044,1068]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6799999999999997" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" unit="m" value="368.0">368 m</quantity>
|
||
depth,
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||
<date id="004103A4DE661F38726FFB84FA17FBB5" box="[1291,1432,1044,1069]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" value="2010-05-03">3 May 2010</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="12EEBDA1DE661F3877F3FBA9FF6CFBC9" box="[151,227,1081,1104]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">HURL</collectionCode>
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||
, one damaged specimen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3CE576EFDE661F3877A1FBCCFBF9FB79" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="74402564DE661F3877A1FBCCFBF9FB79" blockId="5.[151,1437,972,1933]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE661F3877A1FBCCFEB0FBEC" bold="true" box="[197,319,1116,1141]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Ratio of total colony length to rachis diameter approximately 50:1. Autozooids
|
||
<quantity id="B3078881DE661F3873A4FBCCFAB6FBED" box="[1216,1337,1116,1140]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="10.0">10–15 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="B3078881DE661F3872E4FBCCFF56FB01" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">2– 4 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide. Adjacent autozooids closely placed in indistinct, slightly oblique rows. Autozooid walls with minute oval sclerites, each usually less than
|
||
<quantity id="B3078881DE661F38755DFB34FD11FB25" box="[569,670,1188,1212]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="0.01">0.01 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length. Proximal terminus of peduncle modified into a markedly widened structure with a protruding, conical, terminal knob covering the end of the axis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3CE576EFDE661F3877A1FB7CFA0BF9BD" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="74402564DE661F3877A1FB7CFCB1F999" blockId="5.[151,1437,972,1933]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE661F3877A1FB7CFED9FA9C" bold="true" box="[197,342,1260,1285]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="AB449BC6DE661F3876EBFB7CFE7EFA9D" box="[399,497,1260,1284]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="ECC439E1DE661F387564FB7CFDCDFA9D" box="[512,578,1260,1284]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1962,1985]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1941]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1941]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Anthoptilum lithophilum sp. nov.: A, holotype CAS 179453; B, paratype CAS 179454." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/200523/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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||
A) is
|
||
<quantity id="B3078881DE661F38751BFB7CFD54FA9D" box="[639,731,1260,1284]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.18" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="118.0">118 mm</quantity>
|
||
long with the polyp-bearing rachis occupying
|
||
<quantity id="B3078881DE661F387387FB7CFABDFA9D" box="[1251,1330,1260,1284]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="98.0">98 mm</quantity>
|
||
(or 83%) of the entire length. Approximately 45 autozooids are arranged along the length of the rachis, which are
|
||
<quantity id="B3078881DE661F387255FA80FA13FAB1" box="[1329,1436,1296,1320]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="9.0">9–16 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and not readily discernible as biserial, opposite, sub-opposite or alternate, being more randomly placed. In one
|
||
<quantity id="B3078881DE661F3877F3FAC8FF68FAE9" box="[151,231,1368,1392]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||
long autozooid, the polyp wall is
|
||
<quantity id="B3078881DE661F387508FAC9FD21FAE9" box="[620,686,1369,1392]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, while tentacle length is
|
||
<quantity id="B3078881DE661F387361FAC8FBC5FAE9" box="[1029,1098,1368,1392]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Siphonozooids are conspicuous, approximately
|
||
<quantity id="B3078881DE661F387612FAECFE71FA0D" box="[374,510,1404,1428]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="0.35" valueMax="0.4" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, and appear as white hemispherical protuberances arranged in several longitudinal rows on both sides of each longitudinal row of autozooids. Sclerites are scattered, minute oval bodies, less than or equal to
|
||
<quantity id="B3078881DE661F38761AFA54FE6DFA45" box="[382,482,1476,1500]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="0.01">0.01 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, present only in the body walls of the autozooids (
|
||
<figureCitation id="ECC439E1DE661F387335FA54FB1BFA45" box="[1105,1172,1476,1500]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,905,928]" captionText="FIGURE 3. Anthoptilum lithophilum sp. nov.: Polyp wall sclerites from paratype." pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). The rachis of the preserved specimen is grayish-white and the autozooids are tan.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="74402564DE661F3877A1F99CFA0BF9BD" blockId="5.[151,1437,972,1933]" box="[197,1412,1548,1573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE661F3877A1F99CFEC5F9BC" bold="true" box="[197,330,1548,1573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Variability.</emphasis>
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="AB449BC6DE661F3876E0F99DFE6BF9BC" box="[388,484,1549,1573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
is
|
||
<quantity id="B3078881DE661F387561F99CFDDBF9BD" box="[517,596,1548,1572]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="95.0">95 mm</quantity>
|
||
long with a mauve rachis/peduncle and dark purplish-brown autozooids.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3CE576EFDE661F3877A1F9A1FB83F9F5" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="74402564DE661F3877A1F9A1FB83F9F5" blockId="5.[151,1437,972,1933]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE661F3877A1F9A1FEC3F9D0" bold="true" box="[197,332,1585,1609]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific epithet
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3FF5EE7DE661F387525F9A0FD4DF9D1" box="[577,706,1584,1608]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthoptilidae" genus="Anthoptilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lithophilum">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE661F387525F9A0FD4DF9D1" box="[577,706,1584,1608]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">lithophilum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is derived from the Greek (
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE661F38736DF9A0FBC8F9D1" box="[1033,1095,1584,1608]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">lithos</emphasis>
|
||
—stone) and (
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE661F387389F9A0FABEF9D1" box="[1261,1329,1584,1608]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">philos</emphasis>
|
||
—loving, fond of, having affinity for), alluding to this species inhabiting rocky substrata.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3CE576EFDE661F3877A1F9E8FDB5F8B9" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="74402564DE661F3877A1F9E8FAF6F909" blockId="5.[151,1437,972,1933]" box="[197,1401,1656,1681]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE661F3877A1F9E8FED1F908" bold="true" box="[197,350,1656,1681]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Presently known only from off the coast of California,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0CE865F4DE661F3874A9F9E8FB93F909" box="[973,1052,1656,1680]" name="United States of America" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity id="B3078881DE661F38734CF9E8FB28F909" box="[1064,1191,1656,1680]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.845" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.69" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" unit="m" value="684.5" valueMax="700.0" valueMin="669.0">669–700 m</quantity>
|
||
in depth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="ECC439E1DE661F38727CF9E8FAE3F909" box="[1304,1388,1656,1680]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="13.[151,250,972,995]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,948]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,193,948]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 10. World map showing known geographic locations of rock-inhabiting sea pens: = Anthoptilum gowlettholmesae sp. nov.; = Anthoptilum lithophilum sp. nov.; = Calibelemnon francei sp. nov.; + = Anthoptilum decipiens; * = taxa indeterminate; from specimen CAS 179456 (Hawai’i) and / or underwater images (Hawai’i and New Zealand)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/200530/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="74402564DE661F3877A1F90CFDB5F8B9" blockId="5.[151,1437,972,1933]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE661F3877A1F90CFE43F92C" bold="true" box="[197,460,1692,1717]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Differential diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3FF5EE7DE661F3876B0F90DFD68F92C" box="[468,743,1693,1717]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthoptilidae" genus="Anthoptilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lithophilum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE661F3876B0F90DFD68F92C" box="[468,743,1693,1717]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Anthoptilum lithophilum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE661F38758AF90DFCC6F92C" bold="true" box="[750,841,1693,1717]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5DB8440DDE661F38758AF90DFCC6F92C" box="[750,841,1693,1717]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
has sclerites in the polyp walls but these are lacking in all other species of the genus. The ratio of colony length to rachis diameter is 50:1, but the ratio in the other species is as follows:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3FF5EE7DE661F387601F975FD95F964" box="[357,538,1765,1789]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthoptilidae" genus="Anthoptilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="grandiflorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE661F387601F975FD95F964" box="[357,538,1765,1789]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">A. grandiflorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, up to 100:1;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3FF5EE7DE661F3875D3F975FC7FF965" authority="Kolliker, 1880" authorityName="Kolliker" authorityYear="1880" box="[695,1008,1764,1789]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthoptilidae" genus="Anthoptilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="murrayi">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE661F3875D3F975FCBEF964" box="[695,817,1765,1789]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">A. murrayi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="106E5895DE661F387424F974FC67F965" author="Kolliker" box="[832,1000,1764,1788]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" refString="Kolliker, R. A. von. (1880) Report on the Pennatulida dredged by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Report of the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 76. Zoology, 1 (2), 1 - 41." type="journal article" year="1880">Kölliker, 1880</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 93:1;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3FF5EE7DE661F387358F975FB49F964" box="[1084,1222,1765,1789]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthoptilidae" genus="Anthoptilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="decipiens" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE661F387358F975FB49F964" box="[1084,1222,1765,1789]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">A. decipiens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE661F3873A9F975FAA8F964" bold="true" box="[1229,1319,1765,1789]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5DB8440DDE661F3873A9F975FAA8F964" box="[1229,1319,1765,1789]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, 180:1;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3FF5EE7DE661F3872E0F975FEDCF8B9" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthoptilidae" genus="Anthoptilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gowlettholmesae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE661F3872E0F975FEDCF8B9" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">A. gowlettholmesae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE661F38763EF899FE3BF8B8" bold="true" box="[346,436,1801,1825]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5DB8440DDE661F38763EF899FE3BF8B8" box="[346,436,1801,1825]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, up to 30:1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3CE576EFDE661F3877A1F8BDFC9BF815" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="74402564DE661F3877A1F8BDFC9BF815" blockId="5.[151,1437,972,1933]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE661F3877A1F8BDFEB6F8DC" bold="true" box="[197,313,1837,1861]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
One damaged, additional specimen collected from Niihau, Hawai’i (CAS 179456), is considerably laterally compressed and significantly flattened. Although it does show a superficial resemblance to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3FF5EE7DE661F387275F8C0FE97F814" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthoptilidae" genus="Anthoptilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lithophilum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE661F387275F8C0FE97F814" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Anthoptilum lithophilum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE661F38767BF8E5FEF7F814" bold="true" box="[287,376,1909,1933]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5DB8440DDE661F38767BF8E5FEF7F814" box="[287,376,1909,1933]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, its identification remains uncertain.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |