292 lines
30 KiB
XML
292 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.581.8044" ID-GBIF-Dataset="309a4f7c-b60d-4fdc-a7f5-0878b3dafbcf" ID-PMC="PMC4857043" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-581-127" ID-PubMed="27199583" ID-ZBK="15337CC00F00468297C0DAAE0D5CC2BE" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-581-127" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 581" ModsDocTitle="A new species of Bothriembryon (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Bothriembryontidae) from south-eastern Western Australia" checkinTime="1460715472827" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Whisson, Corey S. & Breure, Abraham S. H." docDate="2016" docId="E69CD164A1E60630E317B0C7C14BDD8B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 581: 127-140" docOrigin="ZooKeys 581" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.581.8044" docTitle="Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) sophiarum Whisson & Breure, 2016, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="2EE13185-B302-42DC-9E55-DAFAB0B44899" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="134" masterDocId="FFC2FFEBFF9AC23EFFC55E48FFE4FFDD" masterDocTitle="A new species of Bothriembryon (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Bothriembryontidae) from south-eastern Western Australia" masterLastPageNumber="140" masterPageNumber="127" pageNumber="129" updateTime="1668162964980" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A new species of Bothriembryon (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Bothriembryontidae) from south-eastern Western Australia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Whisson, Corey S.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Breure, Abraham S. H.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>581</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>127</mods:start>
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<mods:end>140</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.581.8044</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.581.8044</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-581-127</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">15337CC00F00468297C0DAAE0D5CC2BE</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">15337CC00F00468297C0DAAE0D5CC2BE</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127870750" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2EE13185-B302-42DC-9E55-DAFAB0B44899" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E69CD164A1E60630E317B0C7C14BDD8B" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="134" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="129" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Taxon classification Animalia Stylommatophora Bothriembryontidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="129" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="129">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/2EE13185-B302-42DC-9E55-DAFAB0B44899" class="Gastropoda" family="Bothriembryontidae" genus="Bothriembryon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) sophiarum" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sophiarum" subGenus="Bothriembryon">Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) sophiarum</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="2" pageNumber="129">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 1and 3, 4, 5, Table 1
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="129" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="129">
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<typeStatus pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Holotype</typeStatus>
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. Western Australia, Nullabor Plain, Baxter Cliffs near Burnabbie Ruins,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-32.125">32°07'30"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="126.34583">126°20'45"E</geoCoordinate>
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, V. Kessner collector (ex J. Hemmen collection) 6 October 1989, dry, WAM S66478.
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<typeStatus pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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(from type locality) WAM S66479 (2 dry specimens) and RMNH.334653 (2 dry specimens); Western Australia, Nullabor Plain, Baxter Cliffs near Burnabbie Ruins,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-32.125">32°07'30"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="126.34583">126°20'45"E</geoCoordinate>
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, V. Kessner collector, 6 October 1989, WAM S30768 (6 dry specimens), AM C.477954 (3 dry specimens), RMNH.334654 (1 dry specimen).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="130" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Other material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="130" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">
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Western Australia: Israelite Bay, W.G. Buick Collection No. 13096, Pre June 1992, WAM S7972 (2 dry specimens); Israelite Bay area, start of cliffs at E end, Point Culver area, A. Longbottom, 21 October 1983, WAM S7977 (46 dry specimens); Nuytsland Nature Reserve, Toolina Cove, A. Cummings, 31 August.2010, WAM S64829 (4 preserved specimens); Top of Toolina Cliff, J. Lowry, 07 November 1966, WAM S7978 (8 dry specimens); Nuytsland Nature Reserve,
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="130" start="start">Baxter</pageBreakToken>
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Cliffs, near Baxter Memorial, A. Cummings, 30 August 2010, WAM S64824 (6 preserved specimens); South of Baxter Memorial, 50 feet from edge of cliff, P. Bridge and B. Robinson, 19 December 1966, WAM S7968 (6 dry, 24 preserved specimens); 38 km S of Caiguna, sea cliff top, K.A. Lance, 07 January 1976, WAM S7966 (25 dry specimens); S of Caiguna, between the Baxter Memorial and coast, P. Bridge and B. Robinson, 19 December 1966, WAM S7971 (8 dry specimens); S of Caiguna; near coast, B. Robinson, April 1966, WAM S8006 (2 dry specimens); 6 km SE of Baxter Memorial, top of Baxter Cliffs, A. Saar and K. Lance, 07 January 1976, WAM S7970 (10 dry, 4 preserved specimens); Twilight Cove, on cliff slope east of the cave, J. Lowry, 05 November 1966, WAM S7973 (33 dry specimens); 13 miles SE of Cocklebiddy, 7 miles N of Eyre, K. Thies, 21 May 1971, WAM S7974 (12 dry specimens); Eyre Homestead, escarpment face, W. Humphreys, March 1985, WAM S7969 (1 dry specimen); 14 miles ESE of Cocklebiddy, on face of Hampton Escarpment, A. Baynes and W. Youngsen, 04 September 1969, WAM S8031 (25 dry, 2 preserved specimens); Eyre, foot of escarpment, E. Sedgwick, August 1977, WAM S8053 (8 dry specimens); Baxter Cliffs 1.3 km E of Burnabbie Ruins,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-32.11848">32°07'6.54"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="126.35125">126°21'4.50"E</geoCoordinate>
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, R. Phillips, 6 March 2015, WAM S67680 (1 wet specimen).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="130" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="130">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="130">A slender shell characterised by plicate teleoconch whorls, often with pillared sculpture formed from incised spiral lines which become less frequent on the body whorl, and a strongly crenulate suture.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="132" pageId="3" pageNumber="130" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="130">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="131" pageId="3" pageNumber="130">
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Shell morphology. Shell slender, mostly turriform, diameter 4.7-6.7 mm (mean 5.5 mm, sd 0.45), height 12.7-24.4 mm (mean 16.2 mm, sd 2.39) with 6.20-8.50 whorls (mean 7.05, sd 0.63) and a H/D ratio of 2.4-3.8 (mean 2.9, sd 0.26), rimate (Table 1, Suppl. material 1). Protoconch of 1.80-2.45 whorls (mean 2.18, sd 0.14) with very short, separate oblique wrinkles extending from suture before reticulating into a dense pattern of uniform punctated thimbles (honeycomb pattern). Teleoconch consisting of slightly convex, but regularly rounded plicate whorls, sculptured with narrow, crowded (often bifurcate) flattened or slightly raised axial ribs that are smooth and often translucent. The axial ribs become irregularly spaced on the last whorl, fading away towards the lower part of the whorl. Axial ribs usually crossed by only a few (mean 5.0, sd 1.0 on penultimate whorl) faint incised spiral lines creating a pillared sculpture that becomes less obvious on the body whorl. Suture irregularly
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="131" start="start">but</pageBreakToken>
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strongly crenulate formed from axial ribs terminating as large, rectangular nodules at the suture line, with a single nodule often forming from multiple axial ribs. Colour reddish-brown at the protoconch, the teleoconch cream with irregular blotches of reddish- to greyish-brown. Aperture relatively small, skewed elongate-ovate, lip thin, simple, basal margin slightly angular at the transition to the columellar margin, which is triangular dilated above; parietal callus thin and transparent.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="131">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="131">
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Table 1. Shell measurements of the type material of
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bothriembryontidae" genus="Bothriembryon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) sophiarum" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sophiarum" subGenus="Bothriembryon">Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) sophiarum</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="131">
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<table pageId="4" pageNumber="131">
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<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="131">
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bothriembryontidae" genus="Bothriembryon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) sophiarum" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sophiarum" subgenus="Bothriembryon">Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) sophiarum</taxonomicName>
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Registration number
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</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" rowspan="1">n</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" rowspan="1">
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Shell height mm (
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<abbrev pageId="4" pageNumber="131">sd</abbrev>
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)
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</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" rowspan="1">
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Shell diameter mm (
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<abbrev pageId="4" pageNumber="131">sd</abbrev>
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)
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</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" rowspan="1">
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<abbrev pageId="4" pageNumber="131">H</abbrev>
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/
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<abbrev pageId="4" pageNumber="131">D</abbrev>
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Ratio (
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<abbrev pageId="4" pageNumber="131">sd</abbrev>
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)
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</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" rowspan="1">No. Whorls (range)</th>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="131">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" rowspan="1">WAM</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="131">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" rowspan="1">WAM</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="131">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" rowspan="1">RMNH</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="131">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" rowspan="1">WAM</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="131">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" rowspan="1">AM</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="131">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" rowspan="1">RMNH</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="131">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" rowspan="1">Grand Mean</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" rowspan="1">15</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" rowspan="1">14.7 (1.23)</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" rowspan="1">5.2 (0.35)</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" rowspan="1">2.8 (0.09)</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" rowspan="1">6.56 (6.20-7.00)</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="131">Animal external morphology. Body and foot sculptured with regular honeycomb pattern. Upper body and tentacles dark brown to black with an olive to green foot base and sides, the latter relatively wide (Fig. 3A).</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="131">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="131">
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Figure 1.
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bothriembryontidae" genus="Bothriembryon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) sophiarum" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sophiarum" subGenus="Bothriembryon">Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) sophiarum</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
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holotype WAM S66478 (H = 14.4 mm) E Protoconch and early teleoconch sculpture; scale line 0.5 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="131">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="131">
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Figure 2. Distribution map of
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bothriembryontidae" genus="Bothriembryon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) sophiarum" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sophiarum" subGenus="Bothriembryon">Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) sophiarum</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. (dot) including photo of holotype (WAM S66478, H = 14.4 mm) and type localities and photos of nearby coastal species
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bothriembryontidae" genus="Bothriembryon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) perditus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perditus" subGenus="Bothriembryon">Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) perditus</taxonomicName>
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Iredale, 1939 (triangle, AM C100720, H = 23.2 mm) and
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bothriembryontidae" genus="Bothriembryon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) gratwicki" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gratwicki" subGenus="Bothriembryon">Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) gratwicki</taxonomicName>
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(Cox, 1899) (star, AM C127559, H = 29.5 mm); Inset: Western Australia highlighting enlarged area
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="131">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="131">
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Figure 3. A
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bothriembryontidae" genus="Bothriembryon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) sophiarum" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sophiarum" subGenus="Bothriembryon">Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) sophiarum</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., A living animal WAM S67680 B relaxed narcotized specimen showing the genital pore, WAM S7968. Scale lines 1.0 mm (B). Abbreviations: gp, genital pore; t, retracted tentacle.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="132" pageId="4" pageNumber="131">
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Genital morphology. (Based on micro-CT images, see Figs 4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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, 5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–E">A-E</normalizedToken>
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) Phallus gradually becoming narrower, with the distal part of the epiphallus and the proximal part of the flagellum subcylindrical. Distal part of penis lumen star-shaped (five-legged), lined with a high epithelium and gradually changing into the epiphallus, of which the narrow lumen is also star-shaped. Near the transition to the flagellum the lumen becomes three-legged star-shaped with five very narrow side-branches; more proximally the lumen is rectangular with five very narrow side-branches. The vagina is externally swollen, internally the lumen is elongated and undivided in its distal part, becoming forked at the tail-ends near the split into the spermathecal duct and spermoviduct. The spermathecal duct is comparatively broad with a club-shaped bursa
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<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="132" start="start">copulatrix</pageBreakToken>
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. The spermoviduct is slender (as far as traceable). In 3D (Fig. 4A) the genitalia are extruded outside the body of the animal; the female part cannot be traced towards its distal end, the phallus is heavily curled towards its distal end.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="132">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="132">
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Figure 4.
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bothriembryontidae" genus="Bothriembryon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) sophiarum" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="132" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sophiarum" subGenus="Bothriembryon">Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) sophiarum</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., WAM S7968, genitalia (extruded) A segmented in Mimics to show the different parts Bin situ. Abbreviations: FL, flagellum; fp, female pore; mp, male pore; P, penis (or phallus); SD, spermathecal duct; SOV, spermoviduct; SP, spermatheca (or bursa copulatrix); V, vagina.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="132">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="132">
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Figure 5.
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bothriembryontidae" genus="Bothriembryon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) sophiarum" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="132" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sophiarum" subGenus="Bothriembryon">Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) sophiarum</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., WAM S7968, anatomy shown with micro-CT. A Longitudinal view of total snail
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<normalizedToken originalValue="B–E">B-E</normalizedToken>
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Details showing parts of genitalia at different cross-sections. Abbreviations: bb, buccal bulb; ep, epiphallus; fl, flagellum; m, mandibula; p, penis; sd, spermathecal duct; sov, spermoviduct; st, stomach; tp, tip of penis; v, vagina.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="132" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="132">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="132">Western Australia; along the escarpment and cliff tops of the Baxter Cliffs and Hampton Ranges from the Point Culver area eastward to the Burnabbie Ruins, a linear distance of about 180 kilometres (Fig. 2). Museum records (WAM S7972) suggest it might occur further westward to Israelite Bay (townsite) but the veracity of the location data is questionable.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="132" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="132">Habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="132">
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Very open, low coastal scrub on limestone cliff-edge or slope scattered (often densely) with low limestone rocks and stones. Dominant plant species were
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Westringia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Westringia dampieri" order="Lamiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="132" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dampieri">Westringia dampieri</taxonomicName>
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,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Correa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Correa backhouseana var. coriacea" order="Sapindales" pageId="5" pageNumber="132" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="backhouseana" variety="coriacea">Correa backhouseana var. coriacea</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Carpobrotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Carpobrotus virens" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="132" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="virens">Carpobrotus virens</taxonomicName>
|
||
and very occasionally
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Tricholomataceae" genus="Melaleuca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Melaleuca" order="Agaricales" pageId="5" pageNumber="132" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">Melaleuca</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus" order="Myrtales" pageId="5" pageNumber="132" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Eucalyptus</taxonomicName>
|
||
trees. In dry conditions living specimens are commonly found in rock crevices or fissures; under stones or around tree roots, and occasionally in litter. When wet, crawling snails have been observed on soil and stones and on branches of scrub (Fig. 6).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="132">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="132">
|
||
Figure 6.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bothriembryontidae" genus="Bothriembryon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) sophiarum" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="132" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sophiarum" subGenus="Bothriembryon">Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) sophiarum</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., habitat for WAM S64824 A Inland view B Detail showing host plants
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Westringia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Westringia dampieri" order="Lamiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="132" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dampieri">Westringia dampieri</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Carpobrotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Carpobrotus virens" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="132" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="virens">Carpobrotus virens</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Correa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Correa backhouseana var. coriacea" order="Sapindales" pageId="5" pageNumber="132" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="backhouseana" variety="coriacea">Correa backhouseana var. coriacea</taxonomicName>
|
||
among limestone (photos courtesy Andrew Cummings and Ben Schneider).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="134" pageId="5" pageNumber="132" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="132">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="134" pageId="5" pageNumber="132">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bothriembryontidae" genus="Bothriembryon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) sophiarum" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="132" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sophiarum" subGenus="Bothriembryon">Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) sophiarum</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from most other
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bothriembryontidae" genus="Bothriembryon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriembryon" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="132" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Bothriembryon</taxonomicName>
|
||
species by its shell morphology, notably its slender turriform shape and a teleoconch sculpture of coarsely plicate whorls and strongly crenulate sutures. Most
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bothriembryontidae" genus="Bothriembryon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriembryon" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="132" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Bothriembryon</taxonomicName>
|
||
species are ovate to elongate-conical in shape and have a teleoconch sculpture of faint or narrow axial growth lines. The nearby
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bothriembryontidae" genus="Bothriembryon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) perditus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="132" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perditus" subGenus="Bothriembryon">Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) perditus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Iredale, 1939 has similar shell morphology but its shell is much broader being elongate-conical in shape and has sutures which are more finely crenulate. The
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="133" start="start">other</pageBreakToken>
|
||
nearby species
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bothriembryontidae" genus="Bothriembryon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) gratwicki" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gratwicki" subGenus="Bothriembryon">Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) gratwicki</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Cox, 1899) is similar in shape but its shell is broader and usually more elongated, with a coarse nodulose teleoconch sculpture (Fig. 2). Only one fossil species occurs nearby,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bothriembryontidae" genus="Bothriembryon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriembryon kremnobates" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="kremnobates">Bothriembryon kremnobates</taxonomicName>
|
||
Kendrick, 2005 which is found further east on the Roe Plain and is ovate-conical in
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="134" start="start">shape</pageBreakToken>
|
||
. Anatomically
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bothriembryontidae" genus="Bothriembryon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) sophiarum" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sophiarum" subGenus="Bothriembryon">Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) sophiarum</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs only slightly from known
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bothriembryontidae" genus="Bothriembryon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon)" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Bothriembryon">Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon)</taxonomicName>
|
||
species which have a long, narrow spermathecal duct and a short rounded bursa copulatrix. The short and broad spermathecal duct and relatively broad, elongate bursa copulatrix of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bothriembryontidae" genus="Bothriembryon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) sophiarum" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sophiarum" subGenus="Bothriembryon">Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) sophiarum</taxonomicName>
|
||
agrees more with
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bothriembryontidae" genus="Bothriembryon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriembryon (Tasmanembryon) tasmanicus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tasmanicus" subGenus="Tasmanembryon">Bothriembryon (Tasmanembryon) tasmanicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kershaw, RC" journalOrPublisher="Records of the South Australian Museum" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" pagination="327 - 337" title="Anatomical notes on the land snails Bothriembryon (Pulmonata: Bulimulidae) from South Australia and Western Australia." volume="19" year="1986">Kershaw 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Breure, ASH" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" pagination="1 - 255" title="Notes on and descriptions of Bulimulidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda)." volume="168" year="1978">Breure 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However in this paper we have tentatively placed
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bothriembryontidae" genus="Bothriembryon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriembryon sophiarum" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sophiarum">Bothriembryon sophiarum</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bothriembryontidae" genus="Bothriembryon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriembryon" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Bothriembryon</taxonomicName>
|
||
on account of its shell morphology and its geographical proximity to other members of the same subgenus. The specimens examined have their genitalia somewhat extruded, hence the male and female genital pores seem to be separated; in other preserved, non-extruded specimens these pores are united inside the atrium (Fig. 4A). It is interesting to note that
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bothriembryontidae" genus="Bothriembryon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) sophiarum" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sophiarum" subGenus="Bothriembryon">Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) sophiarum</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens from Point Culver (WAM S7977) at the western edge of its range, are slightly taller (mean height 20.3 mm, sd 2.11) with a higher H/D ratio (mean 3.4). This collection is a large series (n = 46) and most likely represents population variation due to local environmental conditions, a common occurrence within
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bothriembryontidae" genus="Bothriembryon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bothriembryon" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Bothriembryon</taxonomicName>
|
||
as suggested by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Main, AR" journalOrPublisher="Western Australian Naturalist" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" pagination="49 - 59" title="Native snails of the genus Bothriembryon in King's Park." volume="4" year="1953">Main and Carrigy (1953)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="134" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="134">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="134">Named in honour of Sophie Jade Whisson, first daughter of the senior author and Sophie J. Breure, spouse of the second author; noun in plural genitive case.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |