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treatments-xml/data/83/3A/2F/833A2F5DFFE7FFF6FF07FF46FDD3535D.xml
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<document id="A303A2021963CA3BD4D0CE372DFC73EE" ID-CLB-Dataset="275951" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4987.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c6cbde00-e2f0-47f6-bb5a-912843ace312" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4979653" ID-ZooBank="33814755-4D9E-4587-BED2-E8B0ED19B371" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623995351050" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gardini, Giulio" docDate="2021" docId="833A2F5DFFE7FFF6FF07FF46FDD3535D" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4987.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4987 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Chthonius marciai Gardini 2021, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="102" masterDocId="7F035725FF84FF93FF90FFD1FC0A5704" masterDocTitle="The Italian species of the Chthonius ischnocheles group (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae), with reference to neighbouring countries" masterLastPageNumber="131" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="100" updateTime="1699017306020" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="3672F04826C45455A0C5928B95AC1A41" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="90FF6104E49DB9089830C256208C2265">
<mods:title id="F2128C099BCF9D2C5DCBE0CA591F3A64">The Italian species of the Chthonius ischnocheles group (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae), with reference to neighbouring countries</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="CA7DAD663ECA019DD4F6516C5135FD08" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B82F29F5BED62C2536AE9BE59A3B5CEF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="ABEBD0C1072836D02B4A87EE7A65449B">Gardini, Giulio</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="5F5FAE1CDA170667320DAEFC3780BE5E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="14FA7EF5005A06694FB9CBAC6D772CA7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="096EAB5B9FF6C6318D40F136D3A114D2">
<mods:date id="9E0E909AB54B02E162ABB9B92EF91B62">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9ED67F6DEC4C47D9B5F2A21AC3E5DC2A">2021-06-17</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="EBED6034CAA6266154F7CDF9887E63EC">4987</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="2019009EB311CD0D3D4A072F659BB9D0" type="issue">
<mods:number id="3BCBB1907C0922AE5CC1171062764403">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="E2EBD751C890E709B40DC84740735564">1</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="21A2576B75980AFD3C58364ABDA3B841">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="26A623DF6E6C758A8C2D3ED0DC2409DD" type="CLB-Dataset">275951</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D8AB899DCE7047CEA0E5D0EF1666513B" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4987.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B96AAAABF1D8F32F28AFAE8DDB0F2D13" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="833A2F5DFFE7FFF6FF07FF46FDD3535D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5110375" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183550838" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5110375" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:833A2F5DFFE7FFF6FF07FF46FDD3535D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/833A2F5DFFE7FFF6FF07FF46FDD3535D" lastPageId="101" lastPageNumber="102" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
<subSubSection id="4389CDC0FFE7FFF0FF07FF46FDCE57B5" box="[151,452,151,178]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="0B2C9E4BFFE7FFF0FF07FF46FDCE57B5" blockId="99.[151,452,151,213]" box="[151,452,151,178]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
<heading id="50642927FFE7FFF0FF07FF46FDCE57B5" bold="true" box="[151,452,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" reason="4">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE7FFF0FF07FF46FDCE57B5" bold="true" box="[151,452,151,178]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
<taxonomicName id="CC93E5C8FFE7FFF0FF07FF46FD7157B5" authority="Gardini, 2021" authorityName="Gardini" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,379,151,178]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marciai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE7FFF0FF07FF46FD7157B5" bold="true" box="[151,379,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Chthonius marciai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22D4FF22FFE7FFF0FE12FF46FDCE57B5" box="[386,452,151,177]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4389CDC0FFE7FFF0FF07FF6AFD7157D1" box="[151,379,187,213]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="description">
<paragraph id="0B2C9E4BFFE7FFF0FF07FF6AFD7157D1" blockId="99.[151,452,151,213]" box="[151,379,187,213]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
(
<figureCitation id="93A882CEFFE7FFF0FF0FFF6AFD3757D1" box="[159,317,187,213]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 312–315" captionStart-1="FIGURES 316–319" captionStartId-0="99.[151,264,1388,1412]" captionStartId-1="100.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox-0="[156,1429,638,1360]" captionTargetBox-1="[330,1256,181,1915]" captionTargetId-0="figure-154@99.[151,1436,633,1364]" captionTargetId-1="figure-32@100.[329,1259,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId-0="99" captionTargetPageId-1="100" captionText-0="FIGURES 312–315. Chthonius marciai n. sp., male holotype. 312, anterior margin of carapace; 313, carapace; 314, right chelicera; 315, right chelal hand, dorsal view." captionText-1="FIGURES 316–319. Chthonius marciai n. sp., male holotype. 316, right chela, antiaxial view; 317, detail of dentition at the right chelal fingers tip, antiaxial view; 318, detail of fingers at level of trichobothria est-it and st-t, antiaxial view; 319, detail of fingers at level of trichobothrium sb, antiaxial view." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4979799" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4979801" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4979799/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4979801/files/figure.png" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Figs 312–319</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="93A882CEFFE7FFF0FED8FF6AFD7E57D1" box="[328,372,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 410–413" captionStartId="127.[151,264,1800,1824]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,184,1767]" captionTargetId="figure-16@127.[151,1435,181,1777]" captionTargetPageId="127" captionText="FIGURES 410–413. Distribution maps for the Italian species of the Chthonius ischnocheles group. 410, Chthonius caoduroi Callaini, 1987, Chthonius gallettii n. sp., Chthonius inguscioi n. sp., Chthonius marciai n. sp. and Chthonius multidentatus Beier, 1963; 411, Chthonius caprai Gardini, 1977, Chthonius jonicus Beier, 1931 and Chthonius leoi (Callaini, 1988); 412, Chthonius halberti Kew, 1916, Chthonius nicolosii n. sp., Chthonius ressli Beier, 1956 and Chthonius stammeri Beier, 1942; 413, Chthonius horridus Beier, 1934, Chthonius italicus Beier, 1930 and Chthonius lanai n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4979835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4979835/files/figure.png" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">410</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4389CDC0FFE7FFF0FF07FED2FD2A5645" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="0B2C9E4BFFE7FFF0FF07FED2FD2A5645" blockId="99.[151,1437,259,610]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
<materialsCitation id="BBFB9416FFE7FFF0FF07FED2FD165645" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3323445854" collectionCode="NU" country="Italy" county="Nuoro Province" latitude="40.246666" location="Grotta del Bue Marino" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="9.622778" municipality="Dorgali" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sardegna" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE7FFF0FF07FED2FD335619" bold="true" box="[151,313,259,285]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
<typeStatus id="D42820E9FFE7FFF0FF07FED2FCD85619" box="[151,210,259,285]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Type</typeStatus>
locality
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="7384DEDBFFE7FFF0FEC2FED2FD8C5619" box="[338,390,259,285]" name="Italy" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Italy</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="C95750A9FFE7FFF0FE0AFED2FDF05619" box="[410,506,259,285]" country="Italy" name="Sardegna" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Sardinia</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="E24DE6C7FFE7FFF0FD9FFED5FEC75619" box="[527,717,259,286]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Nuoro Province</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="EB480431FFE7FFF0FD72FED2FF305619" box="[738,826,259,285]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Dorgali</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="0E4CC890FFE7FFF0FCDFFED2F8635619" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:833A2F5DFFE7FFF6FF07FF46FDD3535D:0E4CC890FFE7FFF0FCDFFED2F8635619" box="[847,1129,259,286]" country="Italy" county="Nuoro Province" latitude="40.246666" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="9.622778" municipality="Dorgali" name="Grotta del Bue Marino" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" stateProvince="Sardegna">Grotta del Bue Marino</location>
12
<location id="0E4CC890FFE7FFF0FB36FED2F8CB5619" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:833A2F5DFFE7FFF6FF07FF46FDD3535D:0E4CC890FFE7FFF0FB36FED2F8CB5619" box="[1190,1217,259,285]" country="Italy" county="Nuoro Province" latitude="40.246666" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="9.622778" municipality="Dorgali" name="Sa" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" stateProvince="Sardegna">Sa</location>
/
<collectionCode id="6D82068EFFE7FFF0FB59FED2F8F85619" box="[1225,1266,259,285]" country="Thailand" name="Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">NU</collectionCode>
(
<geoCoordinate id="6EA7F88CFFE7FFF0FA9BFED2F99D5619" box="[1291,1431,259,285]" degrees="40" direction="north" minutes="14" orientation="latitude" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" precision="15" seconds="48" value="40.246666">40°14’48”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="6EA7F88CFFE7FFF0FF07FEF6FD195645" box="[151,275,295,321]" degrees="9" direction="east" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" precision="15" seconds="22" value="9.622778">9°37’22”E</geoCoordinate>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4389CDC0FFE7FFF0FF57FE9AFE135662" box="[199,537,331,358]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="0B2C9E4BFFE7FFF0FF57FE9AFE135662" blockId="99.[151,1437,259,610]" box="[199,537,331,358]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE7FFF0FF57FE9AFD535661" bold="true" box="[199,345,331,357]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Distribution</emphasis>
.
<collectingCountry id="7384DEDBFFE7FFF0FEF7FE9AFD905661" box="[359,410,331,357]" name="Italy" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Italy</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="C95750A9FFE7FFF0FE3AFE9AFE045662" box="[426,526,331,358]" country="Italy" name="Sardegna" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Sardinia</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4389CDC0FFE7FFF0FF57FEBEF957551D" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="0B2C9E4BFFE7FFF0FF57FEBEF957551D" blockId="99.[151,1437,259,610]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE7FFF0FF57FEBEFD655688" bold="true" box="[199,367,367,396]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
Diagnosis (
<specimenCount id="1D9555C2FFE7FFF0FEDBFEA0FD6A5688" box="[331,352,369,396]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
).
</emphasis>
An anophthalmic hypogean
<taxonomicName id="CC93E5C8FFE7FFF0FD20FEBEFF29568D" authorityName="Rayi L. Koch" authorityYear="1873" box="[688,803,367,393]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE7FFF0FD20FEBEFF29568D" box="[688,803,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Chthonius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that differs from other species of the
<taxonomicName id="CC93E5C8FFE7FFF0FB55FEBEF95E568D" baseAuthorityName="Hermann" baseAuthorityYear="1804" box="[1221,1364,367,393]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ischnocheles">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE7FFF0FB55FEBEF95E568D" box="[1221,1364,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">ischnocheles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group in the following combination of characters: anterior margin of carapace without preocular microsetae; posterior margin of carapace with 2 macrosetae and 1 or 2 lateral microsetae; tergites I–II with 2 setae; chelicerae without lateral microsetae; chela 8.0 times as long as deep; chela length
<quantity id="CC6B33AEFFE7FFF0FCFFFE0AFFDD56F2" box="[879,983,475,502]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.52" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="mm" value="1.52">1.52 mm</quantity>
; movable chelal finger length
<quantity id="CC6B33AEFFE7FFF0FAA0FE0AF99256F2" box="[1328,1432,475,502]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.08" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="mm" value="1.08">1.08 mm</quantity>
; chelal fingers with contiguous teeth; fixed chelal finger with 86 teeth; ratio of pedipalpal femur/carapace 1.9.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4389CDC0FFE7FFF0FF57FDF2FFC15565" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="0B2C9E4BFFE7FFF0FF57FDF2FFC15565" blockId="99.[151,1437,259,610]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE7FFF0FF57FDF2FD725539" bold="true" box="[199,376,547,573]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="BBFB9416FFE7FFF0FE11FDF2FE665565" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3323445987" collectionCode="NU, VI" country="Italy" county="Nuoro Prov." latitude="40.246666" location="Grotta del Bue Marino" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="9.622778" municipality="Dorgali" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Sardegna" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="7384DEDBFFE7FFF0FE11FDF2FDDB5539" box="[385,465,547,573]" name="Italy" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">ITALY</collectingCountry>
—
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE7FFF0FE7CFDF2FE415539" box="[492,587,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
<collectingRegion id="C95750A9FFE7FFF0FE7CFDF2FE415539" box="[492,587,547,573]" country="Italy" name="Sardegna" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Sardinia</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount id="1D9555C2FFE7FFF0FDCDFDF2FE80553A" box="[605,650,547,574]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
(
<typeStatus id="D42820E9FFE7FFF0FD0BFDF2FF09553A" box="[667,771,547,574]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
),
<collectingCounty id="E24DE6C7FFE7FFF0FC89FDF5FFAD553A" box="[793,935,548,574]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Nuoro Prov.</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="EB480431FFE7FFF0FC25FDF2F8075539" box="[949,1037,547,573]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Dorgali</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="0E4CC890FFE7FFF0FB8AFDF2F92A5539" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:833A2F5DFFE7FFF6FF07FF46FDD3535D:0E4CC890FFE7FFF0FB8AFDF2F92A5539" box="[1050,1312,547,574]" country="Italy" county="Nuoro Prov." latitude="40.246666" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="9.622778" municipality="Dorgali" name="Grotta del Bue Marino" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" stateProvince="Sardegna">Grotta del Bue Marino</location>
12
<location id="0E4CC890FFE7FFF0FAC0FDF2F9615539" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:833A2F5DFFE7FFF6FF07FF46FDD3535D:0E4CC890FFE7FFF0FAC0FDF2F9615539" box="[1360,1387,547,573]" country="Italy" county="Nuoro Prov." latitude="40.246666" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="9.622778" municipality="Dorgali" name="Sa" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" stateProvince="Sardegna">Sa</location>
/
<collectionCode id="6D82068EFFE7FFF0FAE3FDF2F9965539" box="[1395,1436,547,573]" country="Thailand" name="Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">NU</collectionCode>
(
<geoCoordinate id="6EA7F88CFFE7FFF0FF30FD96FD265565" box="[160,300,583,609]" degrees="40" direction="north" minutes="14" orientation="latitude" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" precision="15" seconds="48" value="40.246666">40°14’48”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="6EA7F88CFFE7FFF0FEA8FD96FDB95565" box="[312,435,583,609]" degrees="9" direction="east" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" precision="15" seconds="22" value="9.622778">9°37’22”E</geoCoordinate>
), 0 m a.s.l.,
<date id="7F2DB88BFFE7FFF0FDABFD96FE665565" box="[571,620,583,609]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" value="2007-06-03">
3.
<collectionCode id="6D82068EFFE7FFF0FDDBFD96FE665565" box="[587,620,583,609]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">VI</collectionCode>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="BBFB9416FFE7FFF0FDFCFD96FFCD5565" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3323445555" box="[620,967,583,610]" collectionCode="MHNG" collectorName="P. Marcia" country="Italy" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sardinia" typeStatus="holotype">
.2007,
<collectorName id="A666FB9DFFE7FFF0FD2AFD99FF2E5565" box="[698,804,583,610]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">P. Marcia</collectorName>
leg. (
<collectionCode id="6D82068EFFE7FFF0FCF3FD96FFB55565" box="[867,959,583,609]" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="Museum">MHNG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="5FECCEC3FFE7FFF0FF07FABDFE4852AC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4979799" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4979799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4979799/files/figure.png" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" startId="99.[151,264,1388,1412]" targetBox="[156,1429,638,1360]" targetPageId="99">
<paragraph id="0B2C9E4BFFE7FFF0FF07FABDFE4852AC" blockId="99.[151,1437,1388,1448]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE7FFF0FF07FABDFD675280" bold="true" box="[151,365,1388,1412]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">FIGURES 312–315.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CC93E5C8FFE7FFF0FEE3FABDFE3A5280" authority="Gardini, 2021" authorityName="Gardini" authorityYear="2021" box="[371,560,1388,1412]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marciai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE7FFF0FEE3FABDFE3A5280" box="[371,560,1388,1412]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Chthonius marciai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE7FFF0FDA6FABDFE655280" bold="true" box="[566,623,1388,1412]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22D4FF22FFE7FFF0FDA6FABDFE655280" box="[566,623,1388,1412]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, male holotype. 312, anterior margin of carapace; 313, carapace; 314, right chelicera; 315, right chelal hand, dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="4389CDC0FFE7FFF0FF57FA07F8355110" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="0B2C9E4BFFE7FFF0FF57FA07F8355110" blockId="99.[151,1437,1494,2025]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE7FFF0FF57FA07FD9452F4" box="[199,414,1494,1520]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE7FFF0FF57FA07FD9D52F4" bold="true" box="[199,407,1494,1520]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Derivatio nominis</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Named after the collector of the
<typeStatus id="D42820E9FFE7FFF0FC84FA07FF7352F4" box="[788,889,1494,1520]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, Dr Paolo Marcia (University of Sassari), in recognition of his contribution to the knowledge of the subterranean fauna of
<collectingRegion id="C95750A9FFE7FFF0FC4AFA2BF8315110" box="[986,1083,1530,1556]" country="Italy" name="Sardegna" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Sardinia</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4389CDC0FFE7FFF6FF57F9CFFE5155C9" lastPageId="101" lastPageNumber="102" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="description">
<paragraph id="0B2C9E4BFFE7FFF6FF57F9CFFE835565" blockId="99.[151,1437,1494,2025]" lastBlockId="101.[151,1437,150,1113]" lastPageId="101" lastPageNumber="102" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE7FFF0FF57F9CFFEA8513C" bold="true" box="[199,674,1566,1595]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
Description of adults (
<specimenCount id="1D9555C2FFE7FFF0FE4BF9F1FDFB513F" box="[475,497,1568,1595]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
;
<specimenCount id="1D9555C2FFE7FFF0FD93F9F1FE12513F" box="[515,536,1568,1595]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
unknown).
</emphasis>
Highly specialized troglomorphic facies; integument slightly pigmented, carapace, tergites, chelicerae and pedipalps pale brown; weak hispid granulation on cheliceral palm. Carapace (
<figureCitation id="93A882CEFFE7FFF0FF4BF9B7FD365184" box="[219,316,1638,1664]" captionStart="FIGURES 312–315" captionStartId="99.[151,264,1388,1412]" captionTargetBox="[156,1429,638,1360]" captionTargetId="figure-154@99.[151,1436,633,1364]" captionTargetPageId="99" captionText="FIGURES 312–315. Chthonius marciai n. sp., male holotype. 312, anterior margin of carapace; 313, carapace; 314, right chelicera; 315, right chelal hand, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4979799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4979799/files/figure.png" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Fig. 313</figureCitation>
) 0.95 times longer than broad, trapezoidal, constricted posteriorly; anterior margin denticulate between median macrosetae, with a prominent epistome (
<figureCitation id="93A882CEFFE7FFF0FC9AF95BFF6751A0" box="[778,877,1674,1700]" captionStart="FIGURES 312–315" captionStartId="99.[151,264,1388,1412]" captionTargetBox="[156,1429,638,1360]" captionTargetId="figure-154@99.[151,1436,633,1364]" captionTargetPageId="99" captionText="FIGURES 312–315. Chthonius marciai n. sp., male holotype. 312, anterior margin of carapace; 313, carapace; 314, right chelicera; 315, right chelal hand, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4979799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4979799/files/figure.png" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Fig. 312</figureCitation>
); ocular area as in fig. 313, no eyes or eye-spots; chaetotaxy 4:6:4:2:m
<quantity id="CC6B33AEFFE7FFF0FE10F97FFDC951CD" box="[384,451,1710,1737]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="mm" value="2.0">2mm</quantity>
(21), setae long and thin, length of anteromedian macrosetae
<quantity id="CC6B33AEFFE7FFF0FB15F97FF8E551CD" box="[1157,1263,1710,1737]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7999999999999998" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="mm" value="0.18">0.18 mm</quantity>
. Chaetotaxy of tergites 2:2:4:4:6:6:6:6:1T2T1:4:1T2T1:0. Chaetotaxy of sternites 9:(3)11(3):(2)6(2):8:6:6:6:6:2T2T2:0:2; genital opening flanked by 12 setae on each side, partly scattered. Chelicerae (
<figureCitation id="93A882CEFFE7FFF0FC2DF927F8145014" box="[957,1054,1782,1808]" captionStart="FIGURES 312–315" captionStartId="99.[151,264,1388,1412]" captionTargetBox="[156,1429,638,1360]" captionTargetId="figure-154@99.[151,1436,633,1364]" captionTargetPageId="99" captionText="FIGURES 312–315. Chthonius marciai n. sp., male holotype. 312, anterior margin of carapace; 313, carapace; 314, right chelicera; 315, right chelal hand, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4979799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4979799/files/figure.png" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Fig. 314</figureCitation>
) 2.5 times as long as broad, palm with 6 setae, without lateral microsetae; fixed finger with 2 distal large teeth followed by 13 small teeth proximally increasingly reduced; movable finger with an isolated subapical tooth (
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE7FFF0FC20F8EFFFCC505C" box="[944,966,1854,1880]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">di</emphasis>
) at level with the spinneret, followed by a large tooth and 12 teeth proximally reduced in size;
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE7FFF0FD44F8B2FEE75078" box="[724,749,1891,1916]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">gs</emphasis>
ratio 0.61; spinneret weakly raised, large and rounded; rallum with 11 blades; serrulae interior and exterior with 14 and 15 blades respectively. Coxal setae: pedipalp 5 (including 2 on manducatory process), I 3 + 3 marginal microsetae, II 4 and 5, III 6, IV 7; coxa II with 10 and 12 coxal spines, coxa III with 5 and 7 coxal spines; intercoxal tubercle bisetose. Pedipalp: femur 7.9 times as long as broad, femoral chaetotaxy 3:6:2:5:1; chela (
<figureCitation id="93A882CEFFE1FFF6FE42FF46FE3B57B6" box="[466,561,151,178]" captionStart="FIGURES 316–319" captionStartId="100.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[330,1256,181,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-32@100.[329,1259,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="100" captionText="FIGURES 316–319. Chthonius marciai n. sp., male holotype. 316, right chela, antiaxial view; 317, detail of dentition at the right chelal fingers tip, antiaxial view; 318, detail of fingers at level of trichobothria est-it and st-t, antiaxial view; 319, detail of fingers at level of trichobothrium sb, antiaxial view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4979801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4979801/files/figure.png" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Fig. 316</figureCitation>
) 8.0 times as long as deep; hand of chela 2.35 times as long as deep, with parallel sides in dorsal view (
<figureCitation id="93A882CEFFE1FFF6FE33FF6AFE0E57D1" box="[419,516,186,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 312–315" captionStartId="99.[151,264,1388,1412]" captionTargetBox="[156,1429,638,1360]" captionTargetId="figure-154@99.[151,1436,633,1364]" captionTargetPageId="99" captionText="FIGURES 312–315. Chthonius marciai n. sp., male holotype. 312, anterior margin of carapace; 313, carapace; 314, right chelicera; 315, right chelal hand, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4979799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4979799/files/figure.png" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Fig. 315</figureCitation>
); fixed chelal finger with 86 contiguous teeth: 63 distal teeth cuspidate and slightly inclined backwards, 15 low and rounded teeth increasingly reduced towards trichobothrium
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE1FFF6FB08FF0EF8BB57FD" box="[1176,1201,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">sb</emphasis>
and 8 proximal teeth recognizable only by the presence of dental canal (
<figureCitation id="93A882CEFFE1FFF6FD46FED2FF7D5619" box="[726,887,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 316–319" captionStartId="100.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[330,1256,181,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-32@100.[329,1259,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="100" captionText="FIGURES 316–319. Chthonius marciai n. sp., male holotype. 316, right chela, antiaxial view; 317, detail of dentition at the right chelal fingers tip, antiaxial view; 318, detail of fingers at level of trichobothria est-it and st-t, antiaxial view; 319, detail of fingers at level of trichobothrium sb, antiaxial view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4979801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4979801/files/figure.png" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Figs 317–319</figureCitation>
), all teeth with dental canal; fixed finger at level of
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE1FFF6FF26FEF6FCE45644" box="[182,238,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">est-it</emphasis>
with 8 teeth occupying
<quantity id="CC6B33AEFFE1FFF6FD90FEF6FE535645" box="[512,601,295,321]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
, distance between successive apices
<quantity id="CC6B33AEFFE1FFF6FC6AFEF7F8775645" box="[1018,1149,294,321]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" unit="mm" value="0.0115">0.0115 mm</quantity>
; tip of fixed chelal finger with apical sensilla
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE1FFF6FEE6FE9AFD865661" box="[374,396,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">af</emphasis>
<subScript id="97179C0EFFE1FFF6FE04FE8CFDA3566F" attach="right" box="[404,425,349,363]" fontSize="6" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE1FFF6FE04FE8CFDAB566F" box="[404,417,349,363]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">1-</emphasis>
2
</subScript>
, distal paraxial seta gradually curved and thin; movable chelal finger with 75 teeth: distal half of the finger with 42 more widely spaced teeth, slightly scalene triangle-shaped, reclined and apically pointed; proximal half of the finger with 33 teeth that are apically rounded and increasingly reduced towards finger base, reaching back near
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE1FFF6FEE6FE66FD8E56D5" box="[374,388,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">b</emphasis>
(between
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE1FFF6FE6CFE66FE1F56D5" box="[508,533,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">sb</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE1FFF6FDDEFE66FE5656D5" box="[590,604,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">b</emphasis>
they are mainly recognizable only by the presence of dental canal) (
<figureCitation id="93A882CEFFE1FFF6FAFAFE66FCF456F1" captionStart="FIGURES 316–319" captionStartId="100.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[330,1256,181,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-32@100.[329,1259,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="100" captionText="FIGURES 316–319. Chthonius marciai n. sp., male holotype. 316, right chela, antiaxial view; 317, detail of dentition at the right chelal fingers tip, antiaxial view; 318, detail of fingers at level of trichobothria est-it and st-t, antiaxial view; 319, detail of fingers at level of trichobothrium sb, antiaxial view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4979801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4979801/files/figure.png" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Figs 317–319</figureCitation>
); movable finger at level of
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE1FFF6FDA9FE0AFE5756F0" box="[569,605,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">st-t</emphasis>
with 7 teeth occupying
<quantity id="CC6B33AEFFE1FFF6FCF9FE0AFFCB56F1" box="[873,961,475,501]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
, distance between successive apices
<quantity id="CC6B33AEFFE1FFF6FACDFE0AFCCC551D" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" unit="mm" value="0.014">0.014 mm</quantity>
; coupled sensilla
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE1FFF6FE1BFE2EFDAF551C" box="[395,421,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">pc</emphasis>
just distad of
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE1FFF6FDD3FE2EFE56551D" box="[579,604,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">sb</emphasis>
; tip of movable chelal finger with apical sensilla
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE1FFF6FB14FE2EF8AC551C" box="[1156,1190,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">am</emphasis>
<subScript id="97179C0EFFE1FFF6FB3DFDC0F8C8551B" attach="right" box="[1197,1218,529,543]" fontSize="6" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE1FFF6FB3DFDC0F8B0551B" box="[1197,1210,529,543]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">1-</emphasis>
2
</subScript>
; trichobothria as in fig. 316; ratio
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE1FFF6FEA8FDF2FDAF5539" box="[312,421,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">sb -st/sb -b</emphasis>
= 1.6; ratio of movable finger/hand of chela 2.4; ratio of pedipalpal femur/movable finger 0.95; ratio of pedipalpal femur/carapace 1.9.
</paragraph>
<caption id="5FECCEC3FFE0FFF7FF07F846FEAF50FC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4979801" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4979801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4979801/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" startId="100.[151,264,1943,1967]" targetBox="[330,1256,181,1915]" targetPageId="100">
<paragraph id="0B2C9E4BFFE0FFF7FF07F846FEAF50FC" blockId="100.[151,1436,1943,2040]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE0FFF7FF07F846FD6450AB" bold="true" box="[151,366,1943,1967]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">FIGURES 316–319.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CC93E5C8FFE0FFF7FEE6F849FE3E50AB" authority="Gardini, 2021" authorityName="Gardini" authorityYear="2021" box="[374,564,1944,1968]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marciai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE0FFF7FEE6F849FE3E50AB" box="[374,564,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Chthonius marciai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE0FFF7FDABF849FE7C50B4" bold="true" box="[571,630,1944,1968]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22D4FF22FFE0FFF7FDABF849FE7C50B4" box="[571,630,1944,1968]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, male holotype. 316, right chela, antiaxial view; 317, detail of dentition at the right chelal fingers tip, antiaxial view; 318, detail of fingers at level of trichobothria
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE0FFF7FC7BF86DF81450D7" box="[1003,1054,1980,2003]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">est-it</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE0FFF7FBDEF86DF86450D7" box="[1102,1134,1980,2003]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">st-t</emphasis>
, antiaxial view; 319, detail of fingers at level of trichobothrium
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE0FFF7FE7EF831FE0F50FC" box="[494,517,2016,2040]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">sb</emphasis>
, antiaxial view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="0B2C9E4BFFE1FFF6FF57FDBAFE5155C9" blockId="101.[151,1437,150,1113]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Measurements (in mm). Body length 1.5 (opisthosoma moderately shrunk). Carapace 0.54 × 0.57 (0.56 anteriorly). Chelicerae 0.64 × 0.25; movable finger length 0.33. Pedipalp: femur 1.03 × 0.13; chela 1.52 × 0.19; hand length 0.45; movable finger length 1.08.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4389CDC0FFE1FFF6FF57FD06FDD3535D" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="0B2C9E4BFFE1FFF6FF57FD06F81854CD" blockId="101.[151,1437,150,1113]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE1FFF6FF57FD06FD3155F5" bold="true" box="[199,315,727,753]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Remarks.</emphasis>
Among the western Mediterranean species of
<taxonomicName id="CC93E5C8FFE1FFF6FCD8FD06FFB155F5" authorityName="Rayi L. Koch" authorityYear="1873" box="[840,955,727,753]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE1FFF6FCD8FD06FFB155F5" box="[840,955,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Chthonius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with contiguous chelal teeth, none has the combination of characters shown by
<taxonomicName id="CC93E5C8FFE1FFF6FDACFD2AFEBE5410" authority="Gardini, 2021" authorityName="Gardini" authorityYear="2021" box="[572,692,763,789]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marciai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE1FFF6FDACFD2AFEBE5410" box="[572,692,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">C. marciai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22D4FF22FFE1FFF6FD2DFD2AFEF75411" box="[701,765,763,789]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
: anterior margin of carapace without preocular microsetae, posterior margin of carapace with 2 macrosetae and 1 or 2 lateral microsetae, tergites I–II each with 2 setae and chelicerae without lateral microsetae. Among the species with troglomorphic facies,
<taxonomicName id="CC93E5C8FFE1FFF6FBB8FC92F8F25458" authorityName="Gardini" authorityYear="2021" box="[1064,1272,835,861]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marciai">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE1FFF6FBB8FC92F8F25458" box="[1064,1272,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Chthonius marciai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is comparable to
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE1FFF6FF24FCB6FCC45485" box="[180,206,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">C.</emphasis>
sp. cf
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE1FFF6FE88FCB6FD755485" box="[280,383,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">lucifugus</emphasis>
Mahnert, 1977 from the Rendez-vous de chasse Cave (Hérault,
<collectingCountry id="7384DEDBFFE1FFF6FBDFFCB6F8975485" box="[1103,1181,871,897]" name="France" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">France</collectingCountry>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="6F02E3BAFFE1FFF6FB23FCB6F9425485" author="Leclerc, P." box="[1203,1352,871,897]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="11 - 19" refId="ref120655" refString="Leclerc, P. (1983) Les Chthoniidae de la grotte du Rendez-vous de Chasse (Herault) (Arachnides, Pseudoscorpions). Bulletin de la Societe d'Etude des Sciences naturelles de Beziers, New Series, 9 (50), 11 - 19." type="journal article" year="1983">Leclerc 1983</bibRefCitation>
) which has no preocular microsetae, tergites I–II with 2 and 4 setae and chelicerae without lateral microsetae, but the latter has 2 macrosetae on the posterior margin of carapace and no lateral microsetae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B2C9E4BFFE1FFF6FF57FC02FDD3535D" blockId="101.[151,1437,150,1113]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
<taxonomicName id="CC93E5C8FFE1FFF6FF57FC02FD9D54E8" authorityName="Gardini" authorityYear="2021" box="[199,407,979,1005]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marciai">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE1FFF6FF57FC02FD9D54E8" box="[199,407,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Chthonius marciai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
could be related to the halophilic
<taxonomicName id="CC93E5C8FFE1FFF6FC83FC02FF8754E9" authorityName="Kew" authorityYear="1916" box="[787,909,979,1005]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halberti">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFE1FFF6FC83FC02FF8754E9" box="[787,909,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">C. halberti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a Mediterranean–Atlantic species also present in
<collectingRegion id="C95750A9FFE1FFF6FF26FC26FD195315" box="[182,275,1015,1041]" country="Italy" name="Sardegna" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Sardinia</collectingRegion>
that has no preocular microsetae, the posterior margin of carapace with a variable number of setae (5 to 8), the chelicerae without lateral microsetae, but tergites I–II with 4 or more setae. Evident adaptive characters differentiate the two species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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