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<document id="CF282EA4462A7F66AD9B83B6A37B845D" ID-CLB-Dataset="25823" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4662.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7070ef91-15db-4b7e-a87d-72e7b0bdb192" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3383448" ID-ZooBank="366A1E81-946C-4ED4-8A65-C51151FE87CC" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1567407246790" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lavigne, Robert J. &amp; Dennis, Steve" docDate="2019" docId="7708F17AB80BE53563F1FF006120FBB9" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4662.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4662 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Pogonioefferia pallidula Hine" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="42" masterDocId="8B318902B822E51C6366FF98636CFF5F" masterDocTitle="Robber flies (Insecta: Diptera: Asilidae) of Wyoming, USA with keys to genera and species" masterLastPageNumber="126" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="42" updateTime="1698754079079" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="B9EB1168AA0D48FCBE5393DCFC9B123C">Robber flies (Insecta: Diptera: Asilidae) of Wyoming, USA with keys to genera and species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D5391D9160EA69F530254E0C649088CA">Lavigne, Robert J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B782C31984251A9D6BB50A8CDA8E2AF8">Dennis, Steve</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="7708F17AB80BE53563F1FF006120FBB9" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159348917" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7708F17AB80BE53563F1FF006120FBB9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7708F17AB80BE53563F1FF006120FBB9" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<subSubSection id="B7BB13E7B80BE53563F1FF006168FFEC" box="[151,516,152,179]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="FF1E406CB80BE53563F1FF006168FFEC" blockId="41.[151,516,152,179]" box="[151,516,152,179]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<heading id="A456F700B80BE53563F1FF006168FFEC" bold="true" box="[151,516,152,179]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="38A13BEFB80BE53563F1FF006168FFEC" authority="(Hine)" authorityName="Hine" baseAuthorityName="Hine" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[151,516,152,179]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Pogonioefferia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidula">
<emphasis id="CDD59C7EB80BE53563F1FF006168FFEC" bold="true" box="[151,516,152,179]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="CDD59C7EB80BE53563F1FF0062DDFFEC" bold="true" box="[151,433,152,179]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Pogonioefferia pallidula</emphasis>
(Hine)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B7BB13E7B80BE53563F1FF46629CFFAA" box="[151,496,220,245]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="FF1E406CB80BE53563F1FF46629CFFAA" blockId="41.[151,496,220,245]" box="[151,496,220,245]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="DFB16742B80BE53563F1FF46629CFFAA" box="[151,496,220,245]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<taxonomicName id="38A13BEFB80BE53563F1FF466280FFAA" ID-CoL="8879H" authority="Hine, 1911 a: 309" authorityName="Hine" authorityPageNumber="309" authorityYear="1911" box="[151,492,220,245]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Erax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidulus">
<emphasis id="CDD59C7EB80BE53563F1FF466258FFAA" box="[151,308,221,245]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Erax pallidulus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="7E00667DB80BE535625CFF446280FFAA" author="Hine, J. S." box="[314,492,220,245]" page="309" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" year="1911">
<bibRefCitation id="9B303D9DB80BE535625CFF446280FFAA" author="Hine, J. S." box="[314,492,220,245]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="307 - 311" refId="ref103476" refString="Hine, J. S. (1911 a) New species of Diptera of the genus Erax. Ohio Naturalist, 11, 307 - 311." type="journal article" year="1911">Hine, 1911a: 309</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B7BB13E7B80BE53563F1FEBA6120FBB9" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="FF1E406CB80BE53563F1FEBA67A9FEAE" blockId="41.[151,1437,290,1254]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="CDD59C7EB80BE53563F1FEBA62DFFE62" bold="true" box="[151,435,290,317]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Recognition characters:</emphasis>
Silver and gray species; length
<quantity id="3859ED89B80BE5356074FEBB60E1FE61" box="[786,909,291,318]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="16.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="12.0">12–20 mm</quantity>
; mystax white; bristles and setae of mesonotum mostly black, some white posteriorly, postpronotal setae white anteriorly, black posteriorly; meral bristles white; scutellar setae and bristles white; male abdominal segments 3–7 silvery white pollinose with long white setae parted in the middle; legs with femora black, tibiae and tarsi brown. Females of this species are easily separated from those of
<taxonomicName id="38A13BEFB80BE53563D3FE2C6276FE92" authorityName="Groups" box="[181,282,436,461]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Pogonioefferia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="staminea">
<emphasis id="CDD59C7EB80BE53563D3FE2C6276FE92" box="[181,282,436,461]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">staminea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the former having short white setae both dorsally and ventrally on the apex of the ovipositor while the sides of the ovipositor of the latter appear pitted and the short white setae occurs only ventrally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF1E406CB80BE53563A1FE626773FC06" blockId="41.[151,1437,290,1254]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="CDD59C7EB80BE53563A1FE62620FFD4A" bold="true" box="[199,355,506,533]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Distribution:</emphasis>
BIG HORN: Lovell, WANG, LTA, 2001a. GOSHEN: Smith Ranch, Lingle,
<date id="8B1F66ACB80BE53567DAFE636622FD4A" box="[1212,1358,507,533]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1963-07-11">11 July 1963</date>
,
<date id="8B1F66ACB80BE535663FFE6363A3FD66" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1964-07-08">8 July 1964</date>
(
<collectionCode id="99B0D8A9B80BE53563BBFD87627DFD66" box="[221,273,543,569]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">RJL</collectionCode>
). LARAMIE: Pine Bluffs,
<date id="8B1F66ACB80BE535615CFD8761D6FD66" box="[570,698,543,569]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1963-07-03">3 July 1963</date>
(
<collectionCode id="99B0D8A9B80BE53561AFFD876196FD66" box="[713,762,543,569]" country="0" name="Scientific Research Centre" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="Herbarium">LJS</collectionCode>
). PLATTE: Camp
<collectingCountry id="87B600FCB80BE53560A1FD87675FFD66" box="[967,1075,543,569]" name="Guernsey" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Guernsey</collectingCountry>
, WANG, 2001b (
<collectionCode id="99B0D8A9B80BE5356797FD876647FD66" box="[1265,1323,543,569]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/hsbf-qixz" name="Colorado State University" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">CSU</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="99B0D8A9B80BE5356650FD8766FDFD66" box="[1334,1425,543,569]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">GMAD</collectionCode>
); Chugwater,
<date id="8B1F66ACB80BE5356278FDDB62C7FD02" box="[286,427,578,605]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1953-07-24">24 July 1953</date>
(
<collectionCode id="99B0D8A9B80BE53562DFFDDB629EFD02" box="[441,498,579,605]" country="Turkmenistan" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12935" name="Desert Experiment Station of the W.I.R." pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="Herbarium">REP</collectionCode>
); Dwyer, numerous records,
<date id="8B1F66ACB80BE5356049FDDB60BBFD02" box="[815,983,579,605]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">9 July–27 Aug.</date>
(
<collectionCode id="99B0D8A9B80BE5356082FDDB6771FD02" box="[996,1053,579,605]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">DRT</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="99B0D8A9B80BE5356740FDDC6735FD01" box="[1062,1113,580,606]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">RJL</collectionCode>
); Frederick Ranch,
<collectingCountry id="87B600FCB80BE5356657FDDB66F0FD02" box="[1329,1436,579,605]" name="Guernsey" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Guernsey</collectingCountry>
numerous records,
<date id="8B1F66ACB80BE5356208FDFF6176FDDE" box="[366,538,615,641]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">6 July–31 Aug.</date>
(
<collectionCode id="99B0D8A9B80BE535614FFDFF6108FDDE" box="[553,612,615,641]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">FRH</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="99B0D8A9B80BE5356109FDF061CEFDDD" box="[623,674,616,642]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">RJL</collectionCode>
);
<collectingCountry id="87B600FCB80BE53561D0FDFF604DFDDE" box="[694,801,615,641]" name="Guernsey" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Guernsey</collectingCountry>
State Park,
<collectingCountry id="87B600FCB80BE53560CCFDFF677AFDDE" box="[938,1046,615,641]" name="Guernsey" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Guernsey</collectingCountry>
,
<date id="8B1F66ACB80BE5356744FDFF67D8FDDE" box="[1058,1204,615,641]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1962-07-13">13 July 1962</date>
(
<collectionCode id="99B0D8A9B80BE53567A5FDFF679BFDDE" box="[1219,1271,615,641]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">RJL</collectionCode>
); Oregon Trail Park,
<collectingCountry id="87B600FCB80BE53563BFFD136229FDFA" box="[217,325,651,677]" name="Guernsey" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Guernsey</collectingCountry>
,
<date id="8B1F66ACB80BE5356234FD136129FDFA" box="[338,581,650,677]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1972-06-29" valueMax="1972-07-15" valueMin="1972-06-29">29 June-15 July 1972</date>
(
<collectionCode id="99B0D8A9B80BE5356133FD136111FDFA" box="[597,637,651,677]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15659" name="San Diego Natural History Museum" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="Herbarium">SD</collectionCode>
); Register Cliff,
<quantity id="3859ED89B80BE535605DFD1360F4FDF9" box="[827,920,651,678]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.981" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="1.981">1,981 m</quantity>
(
<quantity id="3859ED89B80BE53560C1FD12676FFDF9" box="[935,1027,650,678]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9812" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="ft" value="6.5">6,500 ft</quantity>
) E of
<collectingCountry id="87B600FCB80BE535672DFD1367DBFDFA" box="[1099,1207,651,677]" name="Guernsey" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Guernsey</collectingCountry>
,
<date id="8B1F66ACB80BE53567A5FD126639FDFA" box="[1219,1365,650,677]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1964-07-15">15 July 1964</date>
(
<collectionCode id="99B0D8A9B80BE5356603FD1366F4FDFA" box="[1381,1432,651,677]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">RJL</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="99B0D8A9B80BE53563F1FD2863BEFD95" box="[151,210,688,714]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">FRH</collectionCode>
);
<quantity id="3859ED89B80BE5356381FD376242FD96" box="[231,302,687,713]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="km" value="11.0">11 km</quantity>
N of Hartville, on Manville Rd.,
<date id="8B1F66ACB80BE53561C8FD37601CFD96" box="[686,880,687,714]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1963-06-14" valueMax="1963-06-19" valueMin="1963-06-14">14–19 June 1963</date>
(
<collectionCode id="99B0D8A9B80BE53560E7FD3760D9FD96" box="[897,949,687,713]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">RJL</collectionCode>
); Loomis Ranch,
<quantity id="3859ED89B80BE5356719FD3767ABFD96" box="[1151,1223,687,713]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="km" value="13.0">13 km</quantity>
NE of Wheatland,
<date id="8B1F66ACB80BE53563F1FD4B6240FDB2" box="[151,300,723,749]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1963-07-18">18 July 1963</date>
(
<collectionCode id="99B0D8A9B80BE535625BFD4B621DFDB2" box="[317,369,723,749]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">RJL</collectionCode>
). Recorded from Wyoming by:
<bibRefCitation id="9B303D9DB80BE53561BAFD4B676EFDB2" author="Dennis, D. S. &amp; Lavigne, R. J." box="[732,1026,723,749]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="23 - 42" refId="ref102364" refString="Dennis, D. S. &amp; Lavigne, R. J. (2007) Hymenoptera as prey of robber flies (Diptera: Asilidae) with new prey records. Journal of the Entomological Research Society, 9, 23 - 42." type="journal article" year="2007">Dennis &amp; Lavigne (2007)</bibRefCitation>
(as
<taxonomicName id="38A13BEFB80BE5356753FD4B679CFDB2" baseAuthorityName="Hine" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[1077,1264,723,749]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Efferia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidula">
<emphasis id="CDD59C7EB80BE5356753FD4B679CFDB2" box="[1077,1264,723,749]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Efferia pallidula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
);
<bibRefCitation id="9B303D9DB80BE535666CFD4B63B7FC4E" author="Dennis, D. S. &amp; Lavigne, R. J. &amp; Dennis, J. G." pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="71 - 84" refId="ref102466" refString="Dennis, D. S., Lavigne, R. J. &amp; Dennis, J. G. (2009) Lepidoptera as prey of robber flies (Diptera: Asilidae) with unpublished records. Journal of the Entomological Research Society, 11, 71 - 84." type="journal article" year="2009">
Dennis
<emphasis id="CDD59C7EB80BE5356604FD4C66F1FDB2" box="[1378,1437,723,749]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.</emphasis>
(2009
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="9B303D9DB80BE5356381FD6F624DFC4E" author="Dennis, D. S. &amp; Lavigne, R. J. &amp; Dennis, J. G." box="[231,289,759,785]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="27 - 47" refId="ref102517" refString="Dennis, D. S., Lavigne, R. J. &amp; Dennis, J. G. (2010) Hemiptera (Heteroptera / Homoptera) as prey of robber flies (Diptera: Asilidae) with unpublished records. Journal of the Entomological Research Society, 12, 27 - 47." type="journal article" year="2010">2010</bibRefCitation>
) (as
<taxonomicName id="38A13BEFB80BE535623FFD6F617FFC4E" baseAuthorityName="Hine" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[345,531,759,785]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Efferia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidula">
<emphasis id="CDD59C7EB80BE535623FFD6F617FFC4E" box="[345,531,759,785]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Efferia pallidula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
);
<bibRefCitation id="9B303D9DB80BE535614AFD6F6057FC4E" author="Fisher, E. M. &amp; Wilcox, J." box="[556,827,759,785]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refId="ref103147" refString="Fisher, E. M. &amp; Wilcox, J. (1997) Catalog of the robber flies (Diptera: Asilidae) of the Nearctic Region. California Department of Food &amp; Agriculture, Sacramento, 56 pp. [unpublished]" type="book" year="1997">Fisher &amp; Wilcox (1997)</bibRefCitation>
(as
<taxonomicName id="38A13BEFB80BE535600DFD6F674AFC4E" baseAuthorityName="Hine" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[875,1062,759,785]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Efferia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidula">
<emphasis id="CDD59C7EB80BE535600DFD6F674AFC4E" box="[875,1062,759,785]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Efferia pallidula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
);
<bibRefCitation id="9B303D9DB80BE5356759FD6F6658FC4E" author="Geller-Grimm, F." box="[1087,1332,759,785]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refId="ref103221" refString="Geller-Grimm, F. (2018) Robber flies (Asilidae), database, catalog of species. Available from: http: / www. geller-grimm. de / catalog / species. htm (accessed 23 March 2018)" type="book" year="2018">Geller-Grimm (2018)</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="9B303D9DB80BE5356626FD6F6239FC6A" author="Lavigne, R. J. &amp; Dennis, D. S." pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="131 - 139" refId="ref105239" refString="Lavigne, R. J. &amp; Dennis, D. S. (1994) New records of Coleoptera as prey for Asilidae (Diptera) in Wyoming and Colorado. The Coleopterists Bulletin, 48, 131 - 139." type="journal article" year="1994">Lavigne &amp; Dennis (1994)</bibRefCitation>
(as
<taxonomicName id="38A13BEFB80BE53562E5FC836150FC6A" baseAuthorityName="Hine" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[387,572,795,821]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Efferia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidula">
<emphasis id="CDD59C7EB80BE53562E5FC836150FC6A" box="[387,572,795,821]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Efferia pallidula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); Lavigne &amp;
<collectingCountry id="87B600FCB80BE53561B2FC836042FC6A" box="[724,814,795,821]" name="Netherlands" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Holland</collectingCountry>
[(1969) (as
<taxonomicName id="38A13BEFB80BE53560D1FC83671DFC6A" baseAuthorityName="Hine" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[951,1137,795,821]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Efferia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidula">
<emphasis id="CDD59C7EB80BE53560D1FC83671DFC6A" box="[951,1137,795,821]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Efferia pallidula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; as prey of
<taxonomicName id="38A13BEFB80BE5356792FC836382FC06" baseAuthorityName="Bromley" baseAuthorityYear="1951" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Pogonioefferia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helenae">
<emphasis id="CDD59C7EB80BE5356792FC836382FC06" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Pogonioefferia helenae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(as
<taxonomicName id="38A13BEFB80BE535627BFCA762A5FC06" authorityName="in Lavigne &amp; Holland" authorityYear="1969" box="[285,457,831,857]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Efferia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helenae">
<emphasis id="CDD59C7EB80BE535627BFCA762A5FC06" box="[285,457,831,857]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Efferia helenae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and
<taxonomicName id="38A13BEFB80BE535616EFCA76070FC06" authorityName="Groups" box="[520,796,831,857]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Pogonioefferia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="staminea">
<emphasis id="CDD59C7EB80BE535616EFCA76070FC06" box="[520,796,831,857]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Pogonioefferia staminea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(as
<taxonomicName id="38A13BEFB80BE535602DFCA76769FC06" baseAuthorityName="Williston" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[843,1029,831,857]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Efferia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="staminea">
<emphasis id="CDD59C7EB80BE535602DFCA76769FC06" box="[843,1029,831,857]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Efferia staminea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF1E406CB80BE53563A1FCFA6188FC9A" blockId="41.[151,1437,290,1254]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="CDD59C7EB80BE53563A1FCFA6240FC22" bold="true" box="[199,300,866,893]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Habitat:</emphasis>
Saltbrush-greasewood shrub, and grama-needlegrass-wheatgrass and grama-buffalo grass grassland vegetation
<typeStatus id="201AFECEB80BE5356273FC106238FCFD" box="[277,340,904,930]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">types</typeStatus>
. Open rangeland, blue grama grass (
<taxonomicName id="38A13BEFB80BE535619CFC1F660FFCFD" authority="(Wild. ex Kunth) Lag. ex Griffiths" authorityName="Lag. ex Griffiths" baseAuthorityName="Lag. Wild. ex Kunth Griffiths" box="[762,1379,903,930]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Bouteloua" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="CDD59C7EB80BE535619CFC1F60A0FCFE" box="[762,972,903,929]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Bouteloua gracilis</emphasis>
(Wild. ex Kunth) Lag. ex Griffiths
</taxonomicName>
) and threadleaf sedge (
<taxonomicName id="38A13BEFB80BE5356238FC346151FC99" authority="Nutt." authorityName="Nutt." box="[350,573,939,966]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Carex" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filifolia">
<emphasis id="CDD59C7EB80BE5356238FC346297FC9A" box="[350,507,939,966]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Carex filifolia</emphasis>
Nutt.
</taxonomicName>
) communities.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF1E406CB80BE53563A1FC576225FB51" blockId="41.[151,1437,290,1254]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="CDD59C7EB80BE53563A1FC576250FCB6" bold="true" box="[199,316,975,1001]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Ethology:</emphasis>
Rests on and forages from soil grass mat and other vegetation (see
<bibRefCitation id="9B303D9DB80BE5356752FC57663CFCB6" author="Lavigne, R. J. &amp; Holland, F. R." box="[1076,1360,975,1001]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="1 - 61" refId="ref105414" refString="Lavigne, R. J. &amp; Holland, F. R. (1969) Comparative behavior of eleven species of Wyoming robber flies (Diptera: Asilidae). University Wyoming Agricultural Experiment Station Science Monograph, 18, 1 - 61." type="journal article" year="1969">
Lavigne &amp;
<collectingCountry id="87B600FCB80BE53567D2FC576662FCB6" box="[1204,1294,975,1001]" name="Netherlands" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Holland</collectingCountry>
1969
</bibRefCitation>
, as
<taxonomicName id="38A13BEFB80BE535661CFC576254FB52" baseAuthorityName="Hine" baseAuthorityYear="1911" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Efferia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidula">
<emphasis id="CDD59C7EB80BE535661CFC576254FB52" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Efferia pallidula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF1E406CB80BE53563A1FB8F6120FBB9" blockId="41.[151,1437,290,1254]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="CDD59C7EB80BE53563A1FB8F6264FB6E" bold="true" box="[199,264,1047,1073]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Prey:</emphasis>
The following prey were collected at Oregon Trail Park near
<collectingCountry id="87B600FCB80BE53560A1FB8F675BFB6E" box="[967,1079,1047,1073]" name="Guernsey" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Guernsey</collectingCountry>
:
<taxonomicName id="38A13BEFB80BE5356724FB8F67D7FB6E" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1090,1211,1047,1073]" kingdom="Plantae" order="Diptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" rank="order">DIPTERA</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="38A13BEFB80BE53567A1FB8F6630FB6E" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[1223,1372,1047,1073]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Bombyliidae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="38A13BEFB80BE535660EFB8F63B2FB09" authority="(Villa)" baseAuthorityName="Villa" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Villa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Villa">
<emphasis id="CDD59C7EB80BE535660EFB8F66F0FB6E" box="[1384,1436,1047,1073]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Villa</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="CDD59C7EB80BE53563C7FBA363B9FB0A" box="[161,213,1083,1109]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Villa</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
sp.,
<date id="8B1F66ACB80BE5356274FBA362C6FB0A" box="[274,426,1083,1110]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1972-06-30">30 June 1972</date>
;
<taxonomicName id="38A13BEFB80BE53562D0FBA361E1FB0A" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[438,653,1083,1109]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">HYMENOPTERA</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="38A13BEFB80BE53561F1FBA36077FB0A" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[663,795,1083,1109]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Formicidae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="38A13BEFB80BE5356043FBA460E9FB0A" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[805,901,1084,1109]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CDD59C7EB80BE5356043FBA460E9FB0A" box="[805,901,1084,1109]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Formica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (winged reproductive),
<date id="8B1F66ACB80BE53567DFFBA26620FB0A" box="[1209,1356,1082,1109]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1972-07-15">15 July 1972</date>
; LEPI- DOPTERA,
<taxonomicName id="38A13BEFB80BE535624FFBC762CDFB26" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1809" box="[297,417,1119,1145]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Noctuidae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="38A13BEFB80BE53562C8FBC76146FB26" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1891" box="[430,554,1119,1145]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Ogdoconta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CDD59C7EB80BE53562C8FBC76146FB26" box="[430,554,1119,1145]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Ogdoconta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.,
<date id="8B1F66ACB80BE5356103FBC7606FFB26" box="[613,771,1119,1146]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1972-06-29">29 June 1972</date>
.
<taxonomicName id="38A13BEFB80BE5356077FBC760A6FB26" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[785,970,1119,1145]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">COLEOPTERA</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="38A13BEFB80BE53560BEFBC7673DFB26" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[984,1105,1119,1145]" kingdom="Plantae" order="Diptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" rank="order">DIPTERA</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="38A13BEFB80BE5356739FBC7624DFBC1" authority="(Heteroptera, Homoptera)" baseAuthorityName="Heteroptera, Homoptera" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">HEMIPTERA (Heteroptera, Homoptera)</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="38A13BEFB80BE535624DFB1B616EFBC2" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[299,514,1155,1181]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">HYMENOPTERA</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="38A13BEFB80BE535616AFB1B61A7FBC2" authorityName=", Unidentified" box="[524,715,1155,1181]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">LEPIDOPTERA</taxonomicName>
, NEUROPTERA,
<taxonomicName id="38A13BEFB80BE53560FDFB1B673DFBC2" authorityName="Olivier" authorityYear="1789" box="[923,1105,1155,1181]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">ORTHOPTERA</taxonomicName>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="9B303D9DB80BE53567ECFB1B66FBFBC2" author="Dennis, D. S. &amp; Lavigne, R. J." box="[1162,1431,1155,1181]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="23 - 42" refId="ref102364" refString="Dennis, D. S. &amp; Lavigne, R. J. (2007) Hymenoptera as prey of robber flies (Diptera: Asilidae) with new prey records. Journal of the Entomological Research Society, 9, 23 - 42." type="journal article" year="2007">Dennis &amp; Lavigne 2007</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="9B303D9DB80BE53563F1FB3F6203FB9E" author="Dennis, D. S. &amp; Lavigne, R. J. &amp; Dennis, J. G." box="[151,367,1191,1217]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="71 - 84" refId="ref102466" refString="Dennis, D. S., Lavigne, R. J. &amp; Dennis, J. G. (2009) Lepidoptera as prey of robber flies (Diptera: Asilidae) with unpublished records. Journal of the Entomological Research Society, 11, 71 - 84." type="journal article" year="2009">
Dennis
<emphasis id="CDD59C7EB80BE5356396FB306247FB9E" box="[240,299,1191,1217]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.</emphasis>
2009
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="9B303D9DB80BE535621AFB3F62D4FB9E" author="Dennis, D. S. &amp; Lavigne, R. J. &amp; Dennis, J. G." box="[380,440,1191,1217]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="27 - 47" refId="ref102517" refString="Dennis, D. S., Lavigne, R. J. &amp; Dennis, J. G. (2010) Hemiptera (Heteroptera / Homoptera) as prey of robber flies (Diptera: Asilidae) with unpublished records. Journal of the Entomological Research Society, 12, 27 - 47." type="journal article" year="2010">2010</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="9B303D9DB80BE53562A3FB3F61B1FB9E" author="Lavigne, R. J. &amp; Dennis, D. S." box="[453,733,1191,1217]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="131 - 139" refId="ref105239" refString="Lavigne, R. J. &amp; Dennis, D. S. (1994) New records of Coleoptera as prey for Asilidae (Diptera) in Wyoming and Colorado. The Coleopterists Bulletin, 48, 131 - 139." type="journal article" year="1994">Lavigne &amp; Dennis 1994</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="9B303D9DB80BE535618DFB3F6762FB9E" author="Lavigne, R. J. &amp; Holland, F. R." box="[747,1038,1191,1217]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="1 - 61" refId="ref105414" refString="Lavigne, R. J. &amp; Holland, F. R. (1969) Comparative behavior of eleven species of Wyoming robber flies (Diptera: Asilidae). University Wyoming Agricultural Experiment Station Science Monograph, 18, 1 - 61." type="journal article" year="1969">
Lavigne &amp;
<collectingCountry id="87B600FCB80BE5356009FB3F60A5FB9E" box="[879,969,1191,1217]" name="Netherlands" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Holland</collectingCountry>
1969
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="9B303D9DB80BE535677AFB3F664CFB9E" author="Lavigne, R. J. &amp; Pfadt, R. E." box="[1052,1312,1191,1217]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="1 - 31" refId="ref105584" refString="Lavigne, R. J. &amp; Pfadt, R. E. (1966) Parasites and predators of Wyoming rangeland grasshoppers. University Wyoming Agricultural Experiment Station Science Monograph, 3, 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1966">Lavigne &amp; Pfadt 1966</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="9B303D9DB80BE5356648FB306259FBBA" author="Rogers, L. E. &amp; Lavigne, R. J." pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refId="ref107515" refString="Rogers, L. E. &amp; Lavigne, R. J. (1972) Asilidae of the Pawnee National Grasslands, in northeastern Colorado. University Wyoming Agricultural Experiment Station Science Monograph 25. University of Wyoming, University of Wyoming, Wyoming, 35 pp." type="book" year="1972">Rogers &amp; Lavigne 1972</bibRefCitation>
, all as
<taxonomicName id="38A13BEFB80BE53562E7FB536157FBBA" baseAuthorityName="Hine" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[385,571,1227,1253]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Efferia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidula">
<emphasis id="CDD59C7EB80BE53562E7FB536157FBBA" box="[385,571,1227,1253]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Efferia pallidula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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