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<document id="CF34CB2F49B50346B1B9DEF081BC3B84" ID-CLB-Dataset="302007" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5497.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bca694a8-4015-4447-92ef-7f5b5b817d51" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13618241" ID-ZooBank="00B749E1-6499-49FC-81EE-87C5FB190195" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="tatiana" checkinTime="1725025773962" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Cranston, Peter S. &amp; Tang, Hongqu" docDate="2024" docId="E31D87D42E68FFDA20ECFF0BB2D5C652" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5497.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5497 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5497.2.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Chironomidae" docType="key" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="154" masterDocId="1F24FFAC2E6BFFD9207BFF9CB748C23A" masterDocTitle="An identification guide to the genera of aquatic larval Chironomidae (Diptera) of south-east Asia" masterLastPageNumber="193" masterPageNumber="151" pageNumber="154" updateTime="1725286338248" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="62A6A2A8D87DD61F04D58F007D9AE487">An identification guide to the genera of aquatic larval Chironomidae (Diptera) of south-east Asia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EF2B92DB20B9CA7A1E278A9A2CFF9AF9">Cranston, Peter S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="9AD9AD830E35E16EDF715AB6F8564AF0">Evolution &amp; Ecology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="841103DB88175EBF74B15A7B30D45EBA">Tang, Hongqu</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B0354A4196818EE25005CFA29F89D5D8">Research Centre of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="C55720965C58BA9EE6A4A6FBDFB3DE77">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="A32A97216762852094332D6C69F34669">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9D82C16BE435B77BB77AA6B401598F97">5497</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="BFD720A9DE0BB450BCC4EC1AEEE97683">journal article</mods:classification>
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<treatment id="E31D87D42E68FFDA20ECFF0BB2D5C652" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13628419" ID-GBIF-Taxon="240043138" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13628419" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E31D87D42E68FFDA20ECFF0BB2D5C652" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E31D87D42E68FFDA20ECFF0BB2D5C652" lastPageNumber="154" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
<subSubSection id="23AE65492E68FFDA20ECFF0BB544C28B" box="[151,524,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="6B0B36C22E68FFDA20ECFF0BB544C28B" blockId="3.[151,524,151,177]" box="[151,524,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
<heading id="304381AE2E68FFDA20ECFF0BB544C28B" bold="true" box="[151,524,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" reason="1">
<emphasis id="59C0EAD02E68FFDA20ECFF0BB544C28B" bold="true" box="[151,524,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
<taxonomicName id="ACB44D412E68FFDA20ECFF0BB618C28B" ID-CoL="84X" ID-ENA="7149" box="[151,336,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Chironomidae</taxonomicName>
: subfamily key
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="23AE65492E68FFDA20ECFF40B2D5C652" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" type="key">
<key id="1F2561F32E68FFDA20ECFF40B2D5C652" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
<keyStep id="D0402E672E68FFDA20ECFF40B2D4C335" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
<paragraph id="6B0B36C22E68FFDA20ECFF40B2D5C2C8" blockId="3.[151,1437,220,271]" box="[151,1437,220,242]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
<keyLead id="D04595F72E68FFDA20ECFF40B2D5C2C8" box="[151,1437,220,242]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
1 Antenna retractile within head (
<figureCitation id="F38F2A472E68FFDA2269FF40B528C2CB" box="[530,608,220,242]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1659,1683]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Subfamily key. Tanypodinae, Ablabesmyia, (A) ventral head, (B) ligula. Chironominae, Conochironomus, (C) mentum,(D)ventromentalplate;Shangomyia, (E)mentumandventromentalplate;Stenochironomus,(F)mentum.Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (G) ventral head. Buchonomyiinae, Buchonomyia, (H) labrum, (I) habitus. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (J) anterior labrum. Podonominae, Paraboreochlus, (K) posterior body; Boreochlus, (L) antenna. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (M) antenna. Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (N) antenna. Diamesinae, Diamesa, (O) antenna, (P) mid-mentum, hypopharynx." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13618247" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13618247/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
). Hypopharynx with toothed ligula (
<figureCitation id="F38F2A472E68FFDA23C6FF40B340C2CB" box="[957,1032,220,242]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1659,1683]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Subfamily key. Tanypodinae, Ablabesmyia, (A) ventral head, (B) ligula. Chironominae, Conochironomus, (C) mentum,(D)ventromentalplate;Shangomyia, (E)mentumandventromentalplate;Stenochironomus,(F)mentum.Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (G) ventral head. Buchonomyiinae, Buchonomyia, (H) labrum, (I) habitus. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (J) anterior labrum. Podonominae, Paraboreochlus, (K) posterior body; Boreochlus, (L) antenna. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (M) antenna. Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (N) antenna. Diamesinae, Diamesa, (O) antenna, (P) mid-mentum, hypopharynx." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13618247" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13618247/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
).
<collectingRegion id="A970F8202E68FFDA2461FF41B323C2C8" box="[1050,1131,221,242]" country="Myanmar" name="Chin" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Mentum</collectingRegion>
weak.........
<taxonomicName id="ACB44D412E68FFDA2563FF40B2D5C2C8" ID-CoL="9G28P" authorityName="Skuse" authorityYear="1889" box="[1304,1437,220,242]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tanypodinae">
<emphasis id="59C0EAD02E68FFDA2563FF40B2D5C2C8" bold="true" box="[1304,1437,220,242]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Tanypodinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6B0B36C22E68FFDA20ECFF66B2D4C335" blockId="3.[151,1437,220,271]" box="[151,1436,249,271]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
<keyLead id="D04595F72E68FFDA20ECFF66B2D4C335" box="[151,1436,249,271]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
1’ Antenna non-retractile. Hypopharynx lacking toothed ligula.
<collectingRegion id="A970F8202E68FFDA2355FF66B437C335" box="[814,895,250,271]" country="Myanmar" name="Chin" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Mentum</collectingRegion>
is dominant toothed plate....................... 2
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="D0402E672E68FFDA20ECFEA7B2D4C392" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
<paragraph id="6B0B36C22E68FFDA20ECFEA7B2D5C3B1" blockId="3.[151,1437,315,425]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
<keyLead id="D04595F72E68FFDA20ECFEA7B2D5C3B1" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
2(1) Ventral (median) mentum laterally expanded into ventromental plate, usually striate (
<figureCitation id="F38F2A472E68FFDA245EFEA7B3DAC36A" box="[1061,1170,315,337]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1659,1683]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Subfamily key. Tanypodinae, Ablabesmyia, (A) ventral head, (B) ligula. Chironominae, Conochironomus, (C) mentum,(D)ventromentalplate;Shangomyia, (E)mentumandventromentalplate;Stenochironomus,(F)mentum.Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (G) ventral head. Buchonomyiinae, Buchonomyia, (H) labrum, (I) habitus. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (J) anterior labrum. Podonominae, Paraboreochlus, (K) posterior body; Boreochlus, (L) antenna. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (M) antenna. Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (N) antenna. Diamesinae, Diamesa, (O) antenna, (P) mid-mentum, hypopharynx." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13618247" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13618247/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Fig. 2C, D</figureCitation>
), never with beard beneath [Exceptionally ventromental plate lacks striae in
<taxonomicName id="ACB44D412E68FFDA22DCFEC5B44BC354" ID-CoL="899D" authorityName="Saether &amp; Wang" authorityYear="1993" box="[679,771,345,366]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Xiaomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="59C0EAD02E68FFDA22DCFEC5B44BC354" box="[679,771,345,366]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Xiaomyia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="ACB44D412E68FFDA2377FEC4B4CBC357" ID-CoL="644Q2" authorityName="Saether &amp; Wang" authorityYear="1993" box="[780,899,344,365]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Shangomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="59C0EAD02E68FFDA2377FEC4B4CBC357" box="[780,899,344,365]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Shangomyia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="F38F2A472E68FFDA23F7FEC4B49AC357" box="[908,978,344,366]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1659,1683]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Subfamily key. Tanypodinae, Ablabesmyia, (A) ventral head, (B) ligula. Chironominae, Conochironomus, (C) mentum,(D)ventromentalplate;Shangomyia, (E)mentumandventromentalplate;Stenochironomus,(F)mentum.Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (G) ventral head. Buchonomyiinae, Buchonomyia, (H) labrum, (I) habitus. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (J) anterior labrum. Podonominae, Paraboreochlus, (K) posterior body; Boreochlus, (L) antenna. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (M) antenna. Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (N) antenna. Diamesinae, Diamesa, (O) antenna, (P) mid-mentum, hypopharynx." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13618247" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13618247/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Fig.2E</figureCitation>
) (tribe
<taxonomicName id="ACB44D412E68FFDA2468FEC4B3CCC354" ID-CoL="BZ6LD" authorityName="Tang &amp; Cranston" authorityYear="2019" box="[1043,1156,344,366]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Xiaomyiini">Xiaomyiini</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName id="ACB44D412E68FFDA24EAFEC5B3A5C354" ID-CoL="4TWJ" authorityName="Freeman" authorityYear="1959" box="[1169,1261,345,366]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Harrisius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="59C0EAD02E68FFDA24EAFEC5B3A5C354" box="[1169,1261,345,366]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Harrisius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="ACB44D412E68FFDA248DFEC4B2D4C357" ID-CoL="7MJH" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1919" box="[1270,1436,344,365]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Stenochironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="59C0EAD02E68FFDA248DFEC4B2D4C357" box="[1270,1436,344,365]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Stenochironomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(tribe
<taxonomicName id="ACB44D412E68FFDA2167FEE9B6D0C3B1" ID-CoL="9G29B" box="[284,408,373,395]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Chironomini">Chironomini</taxonomicName>
) (
<figureCitation id="F38F2A472E68FFDA21D7FEE9B6BBC3B1" box="[428,499,373,395]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1659,1683]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Subfamily key. Tanypodinae, Ablabesmyia, (A) ventral head, (B) ligula. Chironominae, Conochironomus, (C) mentum,(D)ventromentalplate;Shangomyia, (E)mentumandventromentalplate;Stenochironomus,(F)mentum.Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (G) ventral head. Buchonomyiinae, Buchonomyia, (H) labrum, (I) habitus. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (J) anterior labrum. Podonominae, Paraboreochlus, (K) posterior body; Boreochlus, (L) antenna. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (M) antenna. Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (N) antenna. Diamesinae, Diamesa, (O) antenna, (P) mid-mentum, hypopharynx." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13618247" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13618247/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
).................................................................
<taxonomicName id="ACB44D412E68FFDA2572FEE9B2D5C3B1" ID-CoL="9CJ6N" box="[1289,1437,373,395]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Chironominae">
<emphasis id="59C0EAD02E68FFDA2572FEE9B2D5C3B1" bold="true" box="[1289,1437,373,395]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Chironominae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6B0B36C22E68FFDA20ECFE0FB2D4C392" blockId="3.[151,1437,315,425]" box="[151,1436,403,425]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
<keyLead id="D04595F72E68FFDA20ECFE0FB2D4C392" box="[151,1436,403,425]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">2’ Ventromental plate, if developed, never striate, sometimes with beard beneath..................................... 3</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="D0402E672E68FFDA20ECFE51B2D4C03B" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
<paragraph id="6B0B36C22E68FFDA20ECFE51B2D4C3D9" blockId="3.[151,1436,461,513]" box="[151,1436,461,483]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
<keyLead id="D04595F72E68FFDA20ECFE51B2D4C3D9" box="[151,1436,461,483]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
3(2) Labrum without premandibles (
<figureCitation id="F38F2A472E68FFDA2269FE51B515C3D8" box="[530,605,461,483]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1659,1683]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Subfamily key. Tanypodinae, Ablabesmyia, (A) ventral head, (B) ligula. Chironominae, Conochironomus, (C) mentum,(D)ventromentalplate;Shangomyia, (E)mentumandventromentalplate;Stenochironomus,(F)mentum.Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (G) ventral head. Buchonomyiinae, Buchonomyia, (H) labrum, (I) habitus. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (J) anterior labrum. Podonominae, Paraboreochlus, (K) posterior body; Boreochlus, (L) antenna. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (M) antenna. Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (N) antenna. Diamesinae, Diamesa, (O) antenna, (P) mid-mentum, hypopharynx." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13618247" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13618247/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Fig. 2H</figureCitation>
)................................................................... 4
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6B0B36C22E68FFDA20ECFE77B2D4C03B" blockId="3.[151,1436,461,513]" box="[151,1436,491,513]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
<keyLead id="D04595F72E68FFDA20ECFE77B2D4C03B" box="[151,1436,491,513]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
3’ Labrum with distinct premandibles (
<figureCitation id="F38F2A472E68FFDA223BFE77B5CBC03A" box="[576,643,491,513]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1659,1683]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Subfamily key. Tanypodinae, Ablabesmyia, (A) ventral head, (B) ligula. Chironominae, Conochironomus, (C) mentum,(D)ventromentalplate;Shangomyia, (E)mentumandventromentalplate;Stenochironomus,(F)mentum.Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (G) ventral head. Buchonomyiinae, Buchonomyia, (H) labrum, (I) habitus. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (J) anterior labrum. Podonominae, Paraboreochlus, (K) posterior body; Boreochlus, (L) antenna. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (M) antenna. Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (N) antenna. Diamesinae, Diamesa, (O) antenna, (P) mid-mentum, hypopharynx." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13618247" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13618247/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Fig. 2J</figureCitation>
)............................................................... 5
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="D0402E672E68FFDA20ECFDB9B2CAC0A9" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
<paragraph id="6B0B36C22E68FFDA20ECFDB9B2D4C062" blockId="3.[151,1436,549,659]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
<keyLead id="D04595F72E68FFDA20ECFDB9B2D4C062" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
4(3) Procercus well developed (
<figureCitation id="F38F2A472E68FFDA219DFDB9B57BC000" box="[486,563,549,571]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1659,1683]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Subfamily key. Tanypodinae, Ablabesmyia, (A) ventral head, (B) ligula. Chironominae, Conochironomus, (C) mentum,(D)ventromentalplate;Shangomyia, (E)mentumandventromentalplate;Stenochironomus,(F)mentum.Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (G) ventral head. Buchonomyiinae, Buchonomyia, (H) labrum, (I) habitus. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (J) anterior labrum. Podonominae, Paraboreochlus, (K) posterior body; Boreochlus, (L) antenna. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (M) antenna. Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (N) antenna. Diamesinae, Diamesa, (O) antenna, (P) mid-mentum, hypopharynx." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13618247" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13618247/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Fig. 2K</figureCitation>
). Antenna well-developed with 4 or 5 segments, 2nd and/or 3rd annulate (
<figureCitation id="F38F2A472E68FFDA2482FDB9B20AC000" box="[1273,1346,549,571]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1659,1683]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Subfamily key. Tanypodinae, Ablabesmyia, (A) ventral head, (B) ligula. Chironominae, Conochironomus, (C) mentum,(D)ventromentalplate;Shangomyia, (E)mentumandventromentalplate;Stenochironomus,(F)mentum.Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (G) ventral head. Buchonomyiinae, Buchonomyia, (H) labrum, (I) habitus. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (J) anterior labrum. Podonominae, Paraboreochlus, (K) posterior body; Boreochlus, (L) antenna. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (M) antenna. Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (N) antenna. Diamesinae, Diamesa, (O) antenna, (P) mid-mentum, hypopharynx." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13618247" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13618247/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Fig. 2L</figureCitation>
)..............................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="ACB44D412E68FFDA256BFDDEB2D4C062" ID-CoL="87CLX" authorityName="Thienemann &amp; Edwards" authorityYear="1837" box="[1296,1436,578,600]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Podonominae">
<emphasis id="59C0EAD02E68FFDA256BFDDEB2D4C062" bold="true" box="[1296,1436,578,600]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Podonominae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6B0B36C22E68FFDA20ECFDFCB2CAC0A9" blockId="3.[151,1436,549,659]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
<keyLead id="D04595F72E68FFDA20ECFDFCB2CAC0A9" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
4’ Procercus absent (
<figureCitation id="F38F2A472E68FFDA21EAFDFCB69CC04F" box="[401,468,608,630]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1659,1683]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Subfamily key. Tanypodinae, Ablabesmyia, (A) ventral head, (B) ligula. Chironominae, Conochironomus, (C) mentum,(D)ventromentalplate;Shangomyia, (E)mentumandventromentalplate;Stenochironomus,(F)mentum.Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (G) ventral head. Buchonomyiinae, Buchonomyia, (H) labrum, (I) habitus. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (J) anterior labrum. Podonominae, Paraboreochlus, (K) posterior body; Boreochlus, (L) antenna. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (M) antenna. Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (N) antenna. Diamesinae, Diamesa, (O) antenna, (P) mid-mentum, hypopharynx." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13618247" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13618247/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Fig. 2I</figureCitation>
). Antenna weak, 3rd segment smooth....................................
<taxonomicName id="ACB44D412E68FFDA2483FDFCB2D4C04C" ID-CoL="89NWL" authorityName="Brundin &amp; Saether" authorityYear="1978" box="[1272,1436,608,630]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Buchonomyiinae">Buchonomyiinae</taxonomicName>
[lotic, commensal/ectoparasitic,
<taxonomicName id="ACB44D412E68FFDA2261FDE2B41CC0A9" ID-CoL="NMRZ" authority="Brundin &amp; Saether" authorityName="Brundin &amp; Saether" authorityYear="1978" box="[538,852,637,659]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Buchonomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burmanica">
<emphasis id="59C0EAD02E68FFDA2261FDE2B5D4C0A8" box="[538,668,637,659]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">B. burmanica</emphasis>
Brundin &amp; Saether
</taxonomicName>
, adults from
<collectingCountry id="13A376522E68FFDA23AAFDE2B366C0A9" box="[977,1070,638,659]" name="Myanmar" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingCountry id="13A376522E68FFDA2440FDE2B3C9C0A9" box="[1083,1153,638,659]" name="Myanmar" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Burma</collectingCountry>
), oriental
<collectingCountry id="13A376522E68FFDA249AFDE1B252C0A9" box="[1249,1306,637,659]" name="China" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="A970F8202E68FFDA255CFDE2B23EC0A9" box="[1319,1398,638,659]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
)]
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="D0402E672E68FFDA20ECFD24B2D4C0D1" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
<paragraph id="6B0B36C22E68FFDA20ECFD24B2D5C0F4" blockId="3.[151,1437,696,747]" box="[151,1437,696,718]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
<keyLead id="D04595F72E68FFDA20ECFD24B2D5C0F4" box="[151,1437,696,718]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
5(3) Antennal segment 3 annulate (
<figureCitation id="F38F2A472E68FFDA227DFD24B51BC0F7" box="[518,595,696,718]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1659,1683]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Subfamily key. Tanypodinae, Ablabesmyia, (A) ventral head, (B) ligula. Chironominae, Conochironomus, (C) mentum,(D)ventromentalplate;Shangomyia, (E)mentumandventromentalplate;Stenochironomus,(F)mentum.Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (G) ventral head. Buchonomyiinae, Buchonomyia, (H) labrum, (I) habitus. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (J) anterior labrum. Podonominae, Paraboreochlus, (K) posterior body; Boreochlus, (L) antenna. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (M) antenna. Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (N) antenna. Diamesinae, Diamesa, (O) antenna, (P) mid-mentum, hypopharynx." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13618247" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13618247/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Fig. 2O</figureCitation>
). Ligula and paraligula (of prementum) forming 3 setal brushes (
<figureCitation id="F38F2A472E68FFDA24B8FD24B242C0F7" box="[1219,1290,696,718]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1659,1683]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Subfamily key. Tanypodinae, Ablabesmyia, (A) ventral head, (B) ligula. Chironominae, Conochironomus, (C) mentum,(D)ventromentalplate;Shangomyia, (E)mentumandventromentalplate;Stenochironomus,(F)mentum.Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (G) ventral head. Buchonomyiinae, Buchonomyia, (H) labrum, (I) habitus. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (J) anterior labrum. Podonominae, Paraboreochlus, (K) posterior body; Boreochlus, (L) antenna. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (M) antenna. Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (N) antenna. Diamesinae, Diamesa, (O) antenna, (P) mid-mentum, hypopharynx." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13618247" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13618247/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Fig. 2P</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="ACB44D412E68FFDA255DFD24B2D5C0F4" ID-CoL="8VSQM" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1922" box="[1318,1437,696,718]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Diamesinae">
<emphasis id="59C0EAD02E68FFDA255DFD24B2D5C0F4" bold="true" box="[1318,1437,696,718]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Diamesinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6B0B36C22E68FFDA20ECFD49B2D4C0D1" blockId="3.[151,1437,696,747]" box="[151,1436,725,747]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
<keyLead id="D04595F72E68FFDA20ECFD49B2D4C0D1" box="[151,1436,725,747]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
5’ Antennal segment 3 smooth (
<figureCitation id="F38F2A472E68FFDA2187FD49B521C0D1" box="[508,617,725,747]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1659,1683]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Subfamily key. Tanypodinae, Ablabesmyia, (A) ventral head, (B) ligula. Chironominae, Conochironomus, (C) mentum,(D)ventromentalplate;Shangomyia, (E)mentumandventromentalplate;Stenochironomus,(F)mentum.Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (G) ventral head. Buchonomyiinae, Buchonomyia, (H) labrum, (I) habitus. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (J) anterior labrum. Podonominae, Paraboreochlus, (K) posterior body; Boreochlus, (L) antenna. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (M) antenna. Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (N) antenna. Diamesinae, Diamesa, (O) antenna, (P) mid-mentum, hypopharynx." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13618247" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13618247/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Fig. 2M, N</figureCitation>
).................................................................. 6
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="D0402E672E68FFDA20ECFC8CB2D4C144" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
<paragraph id="6B0B36C22E68FFDA20ECFC8CB2D5C179" blockId="3.[151,1437,784,894]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
<keyLead id="D04595F72E68FFDA20ECFC8CB2D5C179" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
6 Head capsule densely setose (
<figureCitation id="F38F2A472E68FFDA227BFC8CB53DC11F" box="[512,629,784,806]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="24.[152,255,1034,1058]" captionTargetBox="[208,1380,433,1011]" captionTargetId="figure-230@24.[208,1380,433,1011]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 13. Larval Podonominae. Posterior abdomen of (A) Paraboreochlus, (B) Boreochlus. Larval Protanypodinae. Ventral head of (C) Protanypus, (D) Linevitshia; labrum-epipharynx of (E) Protanypus, (F) Linevitshia; mentum of (G) Protanypus, (H) Linevitshia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13618283" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13618283/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Fig. 13C, D</figureCitation>
). Anterior labrum with transverse row of overlapping serrate lamellae (
<figureCitation id="F38F2A472E68FFDA255AFC8CB2D9C11F" box="[1313,1425,784,806]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="24.[152,255,1034,1058]" captionTargetBox="[208,1380,433,1011]" captionTargetId="figure-230@24.[208,1380,433,1011]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 13. Larval Podonominae. Posterior abdomen of (A) Paraboreochlus, (B) Boreochlus. Larval Protanypodinae. Ventral head of (C) Protanypus, (D) Linevitshia; labrum-epipharynx of (E) Protanypus, (F) Linevitshia; mentum of (G) Protanypus, (H) Linevitshia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13618283" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13618283/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Fig. 13E, F</figureCitation>
), Prementum medially deeply divided into lamellae (
<figureCitation id="F38F2A472E68FFDA22B5FCB1B46DC179" box="[718,805,813,835]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="24.[152,255,1034,1058]" captionTargetBox="[208,1380,433,1011]" captionTargetId="figure-230@24.[208,1380,433,1011]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 13. Larval Podonominae. Posterior abdomen of (A) Paraboreochlus, (B) Boreochlus. Larval Protanypodinae. Ventral head of (C) Protanypus, (D) Linevitshia; labrum-epipharynx of (E) Protanypus, (F) Linevitshia; mentum of (G) Protanypus, (H) Linevitshia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13618283" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13618283/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Fig. 13H</figureCitation>
).....................................
<taxonomicName id="ACB44D412E68FFDA2482FCB1B2D5C179" box="[1273,1437,813,835]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Protanypodinae">
<emphasis id="59C0EAD02E68FFDA2482FCB1B2D5C179" bold="true" box="[1273,1437,813,835]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Protanypodinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6B0B36C22E68FFDA20ECFCD7B2D4C144" blockId="3.[151,1437,784,894]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
<keyLead id="D04595F72E68FFDA20ECFCD7B2D4C144" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
6’ Head rarely with more than basic cephalic setae. Labrum without row of lamellae, or restricted to paired labral lamellae close to S1 setae. Prementum distinctive only in
<taxonomicName id="ACB44D412E68FFDA2206FCF4B464C144" ID-CoL="87CP4" authorityName="Wirth" authorityYear="1949" box="[637,812,872,894]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Telmatogetoninae">Telmatogetoninae</taxonomicName>
................................................... 7
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="D0402E672E68FFDA20ECFC3FB2D4C1EF" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
<paragraph id="6B0B36C22E68FFDA20ECFC3FB2D5C182" blockId="3.[151,1437,930,982]" box="[151,1437,930,953]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
<keyLead id="D04595F72E68FFDA20ECFC3FB2D5C182" box="[151,1437,930,953]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
7(6) Ventromental plate with setal beard beneath (
<figureCitation id="F38F2A472E68FFDA22EFFC3FB5A9C182" box="[660,737,931,953]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1659,1683]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Subfamily key. Tanypodinae, Ablabesmyia, (A) ventral head, (B) ligula. Chironominae, Conochironomus, (C) mentum,(D)ventromentalplate;Shangomyia, (E)mentumandventromentalplate;Stenochironomus,(F)mentum.Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (G) ventral head. Buchonomyiinae, Buchonomyia, (H) labrum, (I) habitus. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (J) anterior labrum. Podonominae, Paraboreochlus, (K) posterior body; Boreochlus, (L) antenna. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (M) antenna. Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (N) antenna. Diamesinae, Diamesa, (O) antenna, (P) mid-mentum, hypopharynx." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13618247" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13618247/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Fig. 2G</figureCitation>
). Antenna long, 4-segmented (
<figureCitation id="F38F2A472E68FFDA247DFC3FB31AC182" box="[1030,1106,931,953]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1659,1683]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Subfamily key. Tanypodinae, Ablabesmyia, (A) ventral head, (B) ligula. Chironominae, Conochironomus, (C) mentum,(D)ventromentalplate;Shangomyia, (E)mentumandventromentalplate;Stenochironomus,(F)mentum.Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (G) ventral head. Buchonomyiinae, Buchonomyia, (H) labrum, (I) habitus. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (J) anterior labrum. Podonominae, Paraboreochlus, (K) posterior body; Boreochlus, (L) antenna. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (M) antenna. Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (N) antenna. Diamesinae, Diamesa, (O) antenna, (P) mid-mentum, hypopharynx." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13618247" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13618247/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Fig. 2N</figureCitation>
).............
<taxonomicName id="ACB44D412E68FFDA257EFC3EB2D5C182" ID-CoL="8YQ47" authorityName="Saether" authorityYear="1976" box="[1285,1437,930,952]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Prodiamesinae">
<emphasis id="59C0EAD02E68FFDA257EFC3EB2D5C182" bold="true" box="[1285,1437,930,952]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Prodiamesinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6B0B36C22E68FFDA20ECFC5CB2D4C1EF" blockId="3.[151,1437,930,982]" box="[151,1436,960,982]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
<keyLead id="D04595F72E68FFDA20ECFC5CB2D4C1EF" box="[151,1436,960,982]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">7’ Ventromental plate, if developed, without setal beard beneath. Antenna, if 4-segmented, very short.................... 8</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="D0402E672E68FFDA20ECFC67B2D5C652" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
<paragraph id="6B0B36C22E68FFDA20ECFC67B2D4C614" blockId="3.[151,1437,1019,1129]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
<keyLead id="D04595F72E68FFDA20ECFC67B2D4C614" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
8(7) Antenna squat, 4-segmented (
<figureCitation id="F38F2A472E68FFDA227BFC67B519C62A" box="[512,593,1019,1041]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1659,1683]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Subfamily key. Tanypodinae, Ablabesmyia, (A) ventral head, (B) ligula. Chironominae, Conochironomus, (C) mentum,(D)ventromentalplate;Shangomyia, (E)mentumandventromentalplate;Stenochironomus,(F)mentum.Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (G) ventral head. Buchonomyiinae, Buchonomyia, (H) labrum, (I) habitus. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (J) anterior labrum. Podonominae, Paraboreochlus, (K) posterior body; Boreochlus, (L) antenna. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (M) antenna. Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (N) antenna. Diamesinae, Diamesa, (O) antenna, (P) mid-mentum, hypopharynx." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13618247" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13618247/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Fig. 2M</figureCitation>
). Premandible with strong beard (
<figureCitation id="F38F2A472E68FFDA23EDFC67B494C62A" box="[918,988,1019,1041]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1659,1683]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[198,1390,181,1635]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Subfamily key. Tanypodinae, Ablabesmyia, (A) ventral head, (B) ligula. Chironominae, Conochironomus, (C) mentum,(D)ventromentalplate;Shangomyia, (E)mentumandventromentalplate;Stenochironomus,(F)mentum.Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (G) ventral head. Buchonomyiinae, Buchonomyia, (H) labrum, (I) habitus. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (J) anterior labrum. Podonominae, Paraboreochlus, (K) posterior body; Boreochlus, (L) antenna. Telmatogetoninae, Telmatogeton, (M) antenna. Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa, (N) antenna. Diamesinae, Diamesa, (O) antenna, (P) mid-mentum, hypopharynx." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13618247" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13618247/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Fig. 2J</figureCitation>
). Anal tubules absent, usually maritime..........................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="ACB44D412E68FFDA249DFB84B2D4C614" ID-CoL="87CP4" authorityName="Wirth" authorityYear="1949" box="[1254,1436,1048,1070]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Telmatogetoninae">
<emphasis id="59C0EAD02E68FFDA249DFB84B2D4C614" bold="true" box="[1254,1436,1048,1070]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Telmatogetoninae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6B0B36C22E68FFDA20ECFBAAB2D5C652" blockId="3.[151,1437,1019,1129]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
<keyLead id="D04595F72E68FFDA20ECFBAAB2D5C652" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
8’ Antenna if short, rarely 4-segmented or indistinctly segmented. Premandible bare or with sparse beard. Anal tubules usually present in freshwater groups.................................................................
<emphasis id="59C0EAD02E68FFDA2579FBCEB2D5C652" bold="true" box="[1282,1437,1106,1128]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Orthocladiinae</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</key>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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