313 lines
33 KiB
XML
313 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document id="437F9801CB517DA1D09230BB18CBEA3F" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.187040" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0b4370bc-e62a-4959-a0f7-afe68488c4bc" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="187040" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461060909479" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lai, Yi-Te, Chang, Chih-Han & Chen, Jiun-Hong" docDate="2009" docId="03DA622AFF8E7B50FF58FC5DE0CFFB73" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02068p046.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2068" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Helobdella melananus Lai and Chang, n. sp." docType="treatment" docUuid="5F8B8B6C-695A-4F68-9FE6-27D968C10E31" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="37" masterDocId="FFE31A52FF897B5AFFCFFF99E225FF9F" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Helobdella Blanchard 1896 (Hirudinida: Rhynchobdellida: Glossiphoniidae) from Taiwan, with a checklist of hirudinea fauna of the island" masterLastPageNumber="46" masterPageNumber="27" pageNumber="34" updateTime="1698582232735" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="C140BCD45A6291323F43183177A77898">
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<mods:title id="33DB7963B6CE334BF850A0DF77195923">Two new species of Helobdella Blanchard 1896 (Hirudinida: Rhynchobdellida: Glossiphoniidae) from Taiwan, with a checklist of hirudinea fauna of the island</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="7101F8200D6AC0ED5531F44965A50B22" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B502F3423C91B50ACB8F39F69CEA0F52">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="29E264BA92746E68CAEF6CC3294735BA">Lai, Yi-Te</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="5E19CC5087814066D1A471E86D963D48">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="A62F69D73FE0639041EA3334C20F31C3">Chang, Chih-Han</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="8A5D636E3C28FE60A0462F801AF9A7E6" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D1E0A5C0F39E5BABA95AC413C6269BE8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="D0B2F73ACEFC0D26724C50A58FD988C8">Chen, Jiun-Hong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="345D34687204F6D936F753B5F62D36D3">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="4F609E8598A92DF8FDE3DA1450A3FFB7">
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<mods:date id="34859856EB08946368B788DF3F02DC3A">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="F0B49050F9EADB5D0C675D1642BE4DE7" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="F189B50D4F000A9CDFB0806D9CC4627F">2068</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="6D67651E963EBE932D281C8833A9380A">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="C78E4E52D77551351B525AA6F39A0743" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.187040</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="52E1EA9E7484D769E8FDA1B7F3133545" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="FE662DF95DCB240B1A0604AF4C4FB569" type="Zenodo-Dep">187040</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="277B4DDC9143139DA1C5EDAA03D120F3" type="ZooBank">5F854ED1-197A-44F4-A867-5C152C85AA4B</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03DA622AFF8E7B50FF58FC5DE0CFFB73" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6217776" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119614033" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6217776" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5F8B8B6C-695A-4F68-9FE6-27D968C10E31" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DA622AFF8E7B50FF58FC5DE0CFFB73" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
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<subSubSection id="C36980B7FF8E7B5DFF58FC5DE37CFB9F" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BCCD33CFF8E7B5DFF58FC5DE09EFC42" blockId="7.[151,699,963,1024]" box="[151,699,963,990]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
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<heading id="D0846450FF8E7B5DFF58FC5DE09EFC42" bold="true" box="[151,699,963,990]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF8E7B5DFF58FC5DE09EFC42" bold="true" box="[151,699,963,990]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
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<taxonomicName id="4C73A8BFFF8E7B5DFF58FC5DE049FC42" authority="Lai and Chang" authorityName="Lai and Chang" box="[151,620,963,990]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossiphoniidae" genus="Helobdella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="melananus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF8E7B5DFF58FC5DE382FC41" bold="true" box="[151,423,964,990]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Helobdella melananus</emphasis>
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Lai and Chang
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A234B255FF8E7B5DFDB6FC5AE09EFC42" box="[633,699,963,989]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCCD33CFF8E7B5DFF58FC7FE37CFB9F" blockId="7.[151,699,963,1024]" box="[151,345,998,1024]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1348CFB9FF8E7B5DFF50FC7FE2C1FB9F" box="[159,228,998,1024]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,255,1517,1541]" captionTargetBox="[287,1258,307,1470]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[281,1306,269,1504]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. External morphology of Helobdella melananus n. sp. The scale indicates 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187043/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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&
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<figureCitation id="1348CFB9FF8E7B5DFEC5FC7FE375FB9F" box="[266,336,998,1024]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1596,1620]" captionTargetBox="[378,1348,202,1543]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,159,1570]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Internal morphology of Helobdella melananus n. sp.. Roman numerals of X and XX indicate the orders of the ganglia. an. Anus; atr. Atrium; br. Brain; cr. Crop and crop caeca; ejc. Ejaculatory duct; g. Ganglion; int. Intestine and intestine caeca; mth. Mouth; ov. Ovary; prb. Proboscis; rt. Rectum; salg. Salivary gland; te. Testisacs." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187044/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36980B7FF8E7B5DFF58FBAAE70BFA1C" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BCCD33CFF8E7B5DFF58FBAAE14AFB04" blockId="7.[151,1437,1075,2030]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF8E7B5DFF58FBAAE337FBD2" bold="true" box="[151,274,1075,1101]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
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<typeStatus id="54C86D9EFF8E7B5DFF58FBAAE32BFBD2" box="[151,270,1075,1101]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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L00081, deposited in the Invertebrate Zoology and Cell Biology Lab, Department of Life Science in National
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<collectingCountry id="F36493ACFF8E7B5DFEEDFBC3E35DFBEB" box="[290,376,1114,1140]" name="Taiwan" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
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University, Taipei. Underneath stone in Guandu Plain, Taipei,
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<collectingCountry id="F36493ACFF8E7B5DFB92FBC3E696FBEB" box="[1117,1203,1114,1140]" name="Taiwan" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
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(25° 07' 59' 69''' N, 121° 28' 74'' 07''' E), collected by Yi-Te Lai,
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<date id="FFCDF5FCFF8E7B5DFD6DFB18E149FB04" box="[674,876,1153,1179]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" value="2007-10-12">12 October 2007</date>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCCD33CFF8E7B5DFF09FB3EE70BFA1C" blockId="7.[151,1437,1075,2030]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF8E7B5DFF09FB3EE368FB5E" bold="true" box="[198,333,1191,1217]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
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<typeStatus id="54C86D9EFF8E7B5DFF09FB3EE36DFB5E" box="[198,328,1191,1217]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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L00082&L00083, deposited in the Invertebrate Zoology and Cell Biology Lab, Department of Life Science in National
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<collectingCountry id="F36493ACFF8E7B5DFE16FB57E00AFB77" box="[473,559,1230,1256]" name="Taiwan" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
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University, Taipei. Underneath stone in Guandu Plain, Taipei,
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<collectingCountry id="F36493ACFF8E7B5DFAC2FB57E746FB77" box="[1293,1379,1230,1256]" name="Taiwan" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
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(25° 07' 59' 69''' N, 121° 28' 74'' 07''' E), collected by Yi-Te Lai,
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<date id="FFCDF5FCFF8E7B5DFC9CFB6CE63EFA90" box="[851,1051,1269,1295]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" value="2007-10-12">12 October 2007</date>
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. Mounted specimen SLD0002R, SLD0003L, SLD0004L&R, SLD0006R, SLD0007L, SLD0008L&R, and SLD0009L&R, deposited in the Invertebrate Zoology and Cell Biology Lab, Department of Life Science in National
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<collectingCountry id="F36493ACFF8E7B5DFB7CFADBE728FAC3" box="[1203,1293,1346,1372]" name="Taiwan" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
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University, Taipei. Underneath stone in Guandu Plain, Taipei,
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<collectingCountry id="F36493ACFF8E7B5DFD27FAF0E164FA1C" box="[744,833,1385,1411]" name="Taiwan" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
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, collected by Yi-Te Lai,
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<date id="FFCDF5FCFF8E7B5DFBAEFAF0E70FFA1C" box="[1121,1322,1385,1411]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" value="2006-10-01">01 October 2006</date>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36980B7FF8E7B5DFF09FA16E6B3FA4F" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BCCD33CFF8E7B5DFF09FA16E6B3FA4F" blockId="7.[151,1437,1075,2030]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF8E7B5DFF09FA16E372FA36" bold="true" box="[198,343,1423,1449]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Etymology:</emphasis>
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The specific name is alluding to the conspicuous black pigmentation around the anus and the gradual increase of black pigmentation on the annuli and papillae of the posterior body.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36980B7FF8E7B5DFF09FA44E05CF8E5" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BCCD33CFF8E7B5DFF09FA44E3FBF90D" blockId="7.[151,1437,1075,2030]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF8E7B5DFF09FA44E36DFA68" bold="true" box="[198,328,1501,1527]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
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The body length is less than
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<quantity id="4C8B7ED9FF8E7B5DFD6DFA44E0DCFA68" box="[674,761,1501,1527]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
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. No scute. On the pale dorsum, the papillae are more and more apparent and pigmented on the posterior annuli. The anus is significantly pigmented. Hence this species can be easily distinguished by the obviously pigmented anus as well as the increasing pigmentation and protrusion of dorsal papillae. Internally, five pairs of crop caeca and four pairs of testisacs are significant characters to be recognized.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCCD33CFF8E7B5DFF09F907E05CF8E5" blockId="7.[151,1437,1075,2030]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF8E7B5DFF09F907E333F927" bold="true" box="[198,278,1694,1720]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Form:</emphasis>
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Body length 4.0–5.5 mm, maximum body width 2.0–2.3 mm, anterior sucker diameter 0.3–0.4 mm, posterior sucker diameter 0.9–1.0 mm. Ovate-lanceolate in relaxed specimens; uniformly flattened dorsalventrally; dorsum slightly convex; venter flat. Cephalic sucker cupuliform with thickened rim; proboscis pore small, in centre of cavity. Posterior sucker circular, diameter almost equal to half to one third of maximum body width, with thick margin and flat venter, broadly attached, directed ventrally or slightly caudalventrally. No nuchal scute present.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36980B7FF8E7B50FF09F81FE63AFDAC" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BCCD33CFF8E7B52FF09F81FE2FEFF60" blockId="7.[151,1437,1075,2030]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,152,255]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF8E7B5DFF09F81FE392F83F" bold="true" box="[198,439,1926,1952]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Color and pattern:</emphasis>
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When alive, body translucent, color of gray, green, pink, or unpigmented. Dorsum with tiny black or olive dots arranged transversely in every annulus but indistinct in those of one third of anterior body. Pale brown or green chromatophores arranged through the body surface, accumulated more in more posterior annuli. Venter without any chromatophores, with tiny black dots arranged transversely and marginally. Dorsum of posterior sucker with irregularly distributed black spots. Venter without any dots or spots.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF0C83B4FF817B52FF58FA74E648F99B" box="[151,1133,1517,1541]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187043/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" targetBox="[287,1258,307,1470]" targetPageId="8">
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<paragraph id="8BCCD33CFF817B52FF58FA74E648F99B" blockId="8.[151,1133,1517,1541]" box="[151,1133,1517,1541]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">
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<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF817B52FF58FA74E33CF99A" bold="true" box="[151,281,1517,1541]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
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External morphology of
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<taxonomicName id="4C73A8BFFF817B52FDE9FA74E132F99B" box="[550,791,1517,1540]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossiphoniidae" genus="Helobdella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="melananus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF817B52FDE9FA74E132F99B" box="[550,791,1517,1540]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Helobdella melananus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A234B255FF817B52FCD1FA74E174F99B" box="[798,849,1517,1540]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" rank="species">n.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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The scale indicates 1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BCCD33CFF817B52FF09F9ACE61EF9D0" blockId="8.[151,1437,1587,2008]" box="[198,1083,1587,1615]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">
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<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF817B52FF09F9ACE32FF9D0" bold="true" box="[198,266,1589,1615]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Eyes:</emphasis>
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One pair, punctiform to triangular in median field in III (3rd annulus).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCCD33CFF817B52FF09F9C5E104F972" blockId="8.[151,1437,1587,2008]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">
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<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF817B52FF09F9C5E37BF9E9" bold="true" box="[198,350,1628,1654]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Annulation:</emphasis>
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67 annuli in
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<typeStatus id="54C86D9EFF817B52FDCDF9C5E04DF9E9" box="[514,616,1628,1654]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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specimen. I, II and III uniannulate, indistinctly separated from each other. IV biannulate with (ala2)>a
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<date id="FFCDF5FCFF817B52FDFEF91AE045F902" box="[561,608,1667,1693]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">3. V</date>
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biannulate, with (ala2)>a3, and in some cases an indistinct furrow in a1/a
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<date id="FFCDF5FCFF817B52FF06F933E327F95B" box="[201,258,1706,1732]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">2. VI</date>
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–XXIII midbody somite and triannulate. XXIV and XXV biannulate. XXVI and XXVII uniannulate. Anus in the furrow of XXVI/XXVII (66th/67th annulus).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCCD33CFF817B52FF09F960E110F817" blockId="8.[151,1437,1587,2008]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">
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<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF817B52FF09F960E37CF88C" bold="true" box="[198,345,1785,1811]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Papillation:</emphasis>
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Anterior half dorsum smooth; posterior half dorsum with three rows of papillae, one large median row and one mild row on each side submarginally. The middle row of papillae distinguishable and black-tipped from XVII–XXVII; while the submarginal rows of papillae from XXIII–XXVI. Dorsum of posterior sucker with no distinct papillae. Venter smooth.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCCD33CFF817B52FF09F80EE071F847" blockId="8.[151,1437,1587,2008]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">
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<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF817B52FF09F80EE37DF82E" bold="true" box="[198,344,1943,1969]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Gonopores:</emphasis>
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Separated by one annulus; male at XII a1/a2 (26th/27th annulus); female at XII a2/a3 (27th/28th annulus); both strictly within furrows.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF0C83B4FF807B53FF58F9A5E6F7F905" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187044/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" targetBox="[378,1348,202,1543]" targetPageId="9">
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<paragraph id="8BCCD33CFF807B53FF58F9A5E6F7F905" blockId="9.[151,1436,1596,1690]" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF807B53FF58F9A5E33FF9CB" bold="true" box="[151,282,1596,1620]" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Internal morphology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73A8BFFF807B53FDECF9A4E130F9CB" box="[547,789,1597,1620]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossiphoniidae" genus="Helobdella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="melananus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF807B53FDECF9A4E130F9CB" box="[547,789,1597,1620]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">Helobdella melananus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A234B255FF807B53FCD3F9A5E17DF9CB" box="[796,856,1596,1620]" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF807B53FCD3F9A5E17DF9CB" bold="true" box="[796,856,1596,1620]" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
. Roman numerals of X and XX indicate the orders of the ganglia. an. Anus; atr. Atrium; br. Brain; cr. Crop and crop caeca; ejc. Ejaculatory duct; g. Ganglion; int. Intestine and intestine caeca; mth. Mouth; ov. Ovary; prb. Proboscis; rt. Rectum; salg. Salivary gland; te. Testisacs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCD33CFF807B53FF09F951E7AEF83B" blockId="9.[151,1437,1736,2033]" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF807B53FF09F951E384F97D" bold="true" box="[198,417,1736,1762]" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">Digestive system:</emphasis>
|
||
Proboscis cylindrical and robust; in flattened specimens, no more in length than 10 annuli. Salivary glands diffuse; gland cells loosely distributed beside the pharynx in XI–XIV. Crop in XV–XIX; 5 pairs of caeca; first 4 pairs in XV–XVIII simple, unlobed and unbranched, directed laterally and confined to their respective segments as the first pair often indistinct and vague when empty; fifth pair in XIX elongate, deflected posteriorly and lateral to intestine, extended to about XXIII obliquely. Four pairs of unlobed intestinal caeca in XX–XXIII.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36493ACFF807B53FDAAF813E085F83B" box="[613,672,1930,1956]" name="India" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">Hind</collectingCountry>
|
||
gut saccate, rectum narrow and oblique, tapering towards anus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCD33CFF807B50FF09F829E6C8FF60" blockId="9.[151,1437,1736,2033]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,152,1260]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF807B53FF09F829E03EF855" bold="true" box="[198,539,1968,1994]" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">Male reproduction system:</emphasis>
|
||
Four pairs of testisacs, intersegmentally arranged at XV/XVI–XVIII/XIX. Vas deferens enters sperm duct in XII/XIII, expands into seminal vesicle with S-shaped loop. Ejaculatory duct straight, uniformly broad and proceeds sometimes obliquely inward and forward up to XI. Terminal end of ejaculatory duct turning smoothly inwards towards atrial cornu at XI/XII, narrows at junction with cornu at XI/XII. Cornua muscular, strongly divergent, ovate in dorsal view. Atrium short and indistinct.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCD33CFF837B50FF09FE92E2C0FED3" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1260]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF837B50FF09FE92E017FEBA" bold="true" box="[198,562,267,293]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Female reproduction system:</emphasis>
|
||
Ovisacs directed caudally; oviducts joined into short and indistinct atrium in XII.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCD33CFF837B50FF09FEC1E6AAFE5F" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1260]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF837B50FF09FEC1E315FEED" bold="true" box="[198,304,344,370]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Habitat:</emphasis>
|
||
Attached on the surface of submerged or semisubmerged stones, woodblocks, artificial trash, and the shell surface of apple snail
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73A8BFFF837B50FD9DFE19E128FE06" box="[594,781,384,409]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="canaliculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF837B50FD9DFE19E128FE06" box="[594,781,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">P. canaliculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the viviparid snail
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73A8BFFF837B50FBF9FE19E759FE05" authority="Benson" authorityName="Benson" box="[1078,1404,384,410]" class="Gastropoda" family="Viviparidae" genus="Sinotaia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="quadrata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF837B50FBF9FE19E732FE06" box="[1078,1303,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Sinotaia quadrata</emphasis>
|
||
Benson
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in flowing water. Rarely in irrigation ditches, drainage ditches and open sewers in Taipei.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCD33CFF837B50FF09FE54E63AFDAC" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1260]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF837B50FF09FE54E34DFE78" bold="true" box="[198,360,461,487]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Prey or host:</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown. Tubificid worms and other aquatic oligochaetes may be the host or prey because the leeches exhibit foraging behavior while they are put into the same aquatic tank in lab. Viviparid snails may also be a prey item as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73A8BFFF837B50FE54FD83E01BFDAC" box="[411,574,538,563]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossiphoniidae" genus="Helobdella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="melananus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF837B50FE54FD83E01BFDAC" box="[411,574,538,563]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">H. melananus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are usually attached on the shell surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36980B7FF837B50FF09FDD9E0CFFB73" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCD33CFF837B50FF09FDD9E3B5FC0F" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1260]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF837B50FF09FDD9E367FDC5" bold="true" box="[198,322,576,602]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
Compared with other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73A8BFFF837B50FDA6FDD8E0CEFDC5" box="[617,747,577,602]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossiphoniidae" genus="Helobdella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF837B50FDA6FDD8E0CEFDC5" box="[617,747,577,602]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Helobdella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73A8BFFF837B50FCA9FDD8E634FDC5" box="[870,1041,577,602]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossiphoniidae" genus="Helobdella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="melananus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF837B50FCA9FDD8E634FDC5" box="[870,1041,577,602]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">H. melananus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is small and thin. The unique arrangement of pigmented papillae and the significantly pigmented anus make this species different from most other known
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73A8BFFF837B50FEB6FD16E3DBFD37" box="[377,510,655,680]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossiphoniidae" genus="Helobdella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF837B50FEB6FD16E3DBFD37" box="[377,510,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Helobdella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species. According to our review,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73A8BFFF837B50FC6DFD16E609FD37" box="[930,1068,655,680]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossiphoniidae" genus="Helobdella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="conifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF837B50FC6DFD16E609FD37" box="[930,1068,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">H. conifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Yeman (Al-Safadi & El- Shimy 1993) is the only described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73A8BFFF837B50FDE3FD2CE08BFD51" box="[556,686,693,718]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossiphoniidae" genus="Helobdella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF837B50FDE3FD2CE08BFD51" box="[556,686,693,718]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Helobdella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species with similar external morphology as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73A8BFFF837B50FB71FD2CE745FD51" box="[1214,1376,693,718]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossiphoniidae" genus="Helobdella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="melananus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF837B50FB71FD2CE745FD51" box="[1214,1376,693,718]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">H. melananus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The pattern of papillae distribution in these two species looks alike. However, the mature body size of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73A8BFFF837B50FAD9FD45E7BEFD6A" box="[1302,1435,732,757]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossiphoniidae" genus="Helobdella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="conifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF837B50FAD9FD45E7BEFD6A" box="[1302,1435,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">H. conifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="4C8B7ED9FF837B50FF6FFC9BE334FC83" box="[160,273,770,796]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="11.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="8.0">8–15 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length,
|
||
<quantity id="4C8B7ED9FF837B50FE5FFC9BE3D7FC83" box="[400,498,770,796]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
|
||
in width) is much larger than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73A8BFFF837B50FC96FC9BE1D9FC84" box="[857,1020,770,795]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossiphoniidae" genus="Helobdella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="melananus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF837B50FC96FC9BE1D9FC84" box="[857,1020,770,795]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">H. melananus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(4–5.5 mm in length, 2–2.3 mm in width). The papillae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73A8BFFF837B50FE75FCB0E062FCDD" box="[442,583,809,834]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossiphoniidae" genus="Helobdella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="conifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF837B50FE75FCB0E062FCDD" box="[442,583,809,834]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">H. conifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are not pigmented, while the papillae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73A8BFFF837B50FB8BFCB0E6CBFCDD" box="[1092,1262,809,834]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossiphoniidae" genus="Helobdella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="melananus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF837B50FB8BFCB0E6CBFCDD" box="[1092,1262,809,834]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">H. melananus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are obviously pigmented. In addition, the black-pigmented anus, which is the significant character on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73A8BFFF837B50FB5DFCC9E710FCF6" box="[1170,1333,848,873]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossiphoniidae" genus="Helobdella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="melananus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF837B50FB5DFCC9E710FCF6" box="[1170,1333,848,873]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">H. melananus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, was not noted on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73A8BFFF837B50FECBFCEEE3ACFC0F" box="[260,393,887,912]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossiphoniidae" genus="Helobdella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="conifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF837B50FECBFCEEE3ACFC0F" box="[260,393,887,912]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">H. conifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCD33CFF837B50FF09FC04E39CFBE7" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1260]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<bibRef id="52D347CAFF837B50FF09FC04E39CFBE7" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" type="book">
|
||
<author id="53CE3BD9FF837B50FF09FC04E3B4FC29" box="[198,401,925,951]" fns="I" npo="LF" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">
|
||
Anatomically,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF837B50FEBBFC04E3B4FC29" box="[372,401,925,950]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">H.</emphasis>
|
||
</author>
|
||
<title id="F977380AFF837B50FE55FC04E2C6FBCD" jopScore="0.5116442" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">
|
||
melananus is different from most other
|
||
<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF837B50FCBAFC04E1D2FC29" box="[885,1015,925,950]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Helobdella</emphasis>
|
||
species by possessing five pairs of crop caeca and four pairs of testisacs, which is fewer than the number of testisacs in most of other
|
||
<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF837B50FAD5FC5DE7B9FC42" box="[1306,1436,964,989]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Helobdella</emphasis>
|
||
species. In addition, although the numbers of crop caeca and testisacs of
|
||
<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF837B50FBC2FC73E690FB9C" box="[1037,1205,1002,1027]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">H. melananus</emphasis>
|
||
are the same as
|
||
<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF837B50FAB0FC73E2DEFBB5" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">H. conifera</emphasis>
|
||
from Yeman, these numbers do not match the original description of
|
||
<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF837B50FB8EFB88E6ECFBB5" box="[1089,1225,1041,1066]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">H. conifera</emphasis>
|
||
(Al-Safadi & El- Shimy
|
||
</title>
|
||
<year id="FFDB926FFF837B50FF24FBA1E302FBCD" box="[235,295,1080,1106]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">1993</year>
|
||
).
|
||
<journalOrPublisher id="51B2D9F0FF837B50FEF1FBA1E391FBE7" jopScore="0.6402707" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">
|
||
Hence, with the external and internal differences,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF837B50FC45FBA1E608FBCE" box="[906,1069,1080,1105]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">H. melananus</emphasis>
|
||
should be a new species rather than a described species
|
||
</journalOrPublisher>
|
||
.
|
||
</bibRef>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCD33CFF837B50FF09FB1CE0CFFB73" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1260]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">
|
||
Since it has been demonstrated that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73A8BFFF837B50FDA7FB1CE0CFFB01" box="[616,746,1157,1182]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossiphoniidae" genus="Helobdella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF837B50FDA7FB1CE0CFFB01" box="[616,746,1157,1182]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Helobdella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
leeches have origins in the Central and South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36493ACFF837B50FAC9FB1CE74EFB00" box="[1286,1387,1157,1183]" name="United States of America" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">America</collectingCountry>
|
||
and dispersed passively from those regions,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C73A8BFFF837B50FD48FB35E117FB5A" box="[647,818,1196,1221]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossiphoniidae" genus="Helobdella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="melananus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9070F2EFF837B50FD48FB35E117FB5A" box="[647,818,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">H. melananus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is possibly an invasive species in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36493ACFF837B50FB11FB35E712FB59" box="[1246,1335,1196,1222]" name="Taiwan" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
with an unknown origin in the Central and South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36493ACFF837B50FDB2FB4BE0C3FB73" box="[637,742,1234,1260]" name="United States of America" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">America</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |