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<document id="5B3E1E95D64838EA95109A352462CC3C" ID-CLB-Dataset="29967" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4429.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="afde68cb-44e6-4117-820e-3304027b9ec3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1282334" ID-ZooBank="4DE930CD-AABB-4D59-86AD-72E5DD570928" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1528188226746" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Conradie, Werner, Busschau, Theo &amp; Edwards, Shelley" docDate="2018" docId="03C03C7CFF95FFA11ECD2508BFACF8B0" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4429.1.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4429 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Acontias albigularis Conradie &amp; Busschau &amp; Edwards 2018, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="72E135EE-EADE-4D04-8729-2BA3164D8596" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="98" masterDocId="FFF94404FF93FFA81E5A266BBC00FF87" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Acontias (Acontinae, Scincidae) from the Mpumalanga Highveld escarpment of South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="106" masterPageNumber="89" pageNumber="95" updateTime="1698547487957" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="D234190C303A6ACB8F0FED572C6A5DD9">Two new species of Acontias (Acontinae, Scincidae) from the Mpumalanga Highveld escarpment of South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2B14DD2B9DA27C8BDA346C88137833B8">Conradie, Werner</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CBA04D34267FD5B209EEE617337B0EEE">Busschau, Theo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="31029611BAF5CD401A190DB53D5A7B58">Edwards, Shelley</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="DA0DA8040B31B5F27E05B7260C837916">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="9D9E838E5CB25560313940C4899C9D4B">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="6366F084B89BEFF695450C4671C5B762">2018-06-05</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="81A54B5F58108106B5B2A990F509FB2F">4429</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="D2B05776113B4CFA7114F27B80CEB5E5">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="D97480BEA94B98DB1B96AB754D85A42C" type="CLB-Dataset">29967</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="34EB4A647625FCDA7649D5D90219BC5C" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4429.1.3</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03C03C7CFF95FFA11ECD2508BFACF8B0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5986815" ID-GBIF-Taxon="144269804" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5986815" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:72E135EE-EADE-4D04-8729-2BA3164D8596" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C03C7CFF95FFA11ECD2508BFACF8B0" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="98" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">
<subSubSection id="C373DEE1FF95FFAE1ECD2508BDEFFCF9" box="[151,495,867,894]" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD68D6AFF95FFAE1ECD2508BDEFFCF9" blockId="6.[151,787,867,963]" box="[151,495,867,894]" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">
<heading id="D09E3A06FF95FFAE1ECD2508BDEFFCF9" bold="true" box="[151,495,867,894]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1ECD2508BDEFFCF9" bold="true" box="[151,495,867,894]" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF95FFAE1ECD2508BD8AFCFA" authority="Conradie &amp; Busschau &amp; Edwards, 2018" authorityName="Conradie &amp; Busschau &amp; Edwards" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,394,867,893]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albigularis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1ECD2508BD8AFCFA" bold="true" box="[151,394,867,893]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">Acontias albigularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22EEC03FF95FFAE1FC8250FBDEFFCF9" box="[402,495,868,894]" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C373DEE1FF95FFAE1ECD25ECBF13FC18" box="[151,787,902,927]" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="8BD68D6AFF95FFAE1ECD25ECBF13FC18" blockId="6.[151,787,867,963]" box="[151,787,902,927]" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">Suggested common name: White-throated Legless Skink</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C373DEE1FF95FFAE1ECD25C0BD4DFC44" box="[151,333,938,963]" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD68D6AFF95FFAE1ECD25C0BD4DFC44" blockId="6.[151,787,867,963]" box="[151,333,938,963]" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">
<figureCitation id="135291EFFF95FFAE1ECD25C0BCEFFC44" box="[151,239,938,963]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1071,1093]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1049]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1049]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Four species of Acontias in life. (A) Acontias albigularis sp. nov. (PEM R20662) from Long Tom Pass, Mpumalanga Province. (B) Acontias breviceps (PEM R19010) from Hogsback, Eastern Cape Province. (C) Acontias gracilicauda (PEM R20170) from Groendal, Eastern Cape Province. (D) Acontias wakkerstroomensis sp. nov. (holotype - PEM R22788) from near Wakkerstroom, Mpumalanga Province." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1282348/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135291EFFF95FFAE1EA025C1BD1FFC44" box="[250,287,938,963]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1854,1876]" captionTargetBox="[145,1441,196,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[145,1441,196,1828]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Dorsal and ventral photos of the holotypes/lectotypes of the four species of Acontias discussed in this study. (A) Acontias albigularis sp. nov. PEM R20655 from Long Tom Pass, Mpumalanga Province. (B) Acontias breviceps PEM R5570 from Hogsback, Eastern Cape Province. (C) Acontias gracilicauda PEM R5131 from Grahamstown, Eastern Cape Province. (D) Acontias wakkerstroomensis sp. nov. PEM R22788 from near Wakkerstroom, Mpumalanga Province. Scale bar = one centimeter." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1282352/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">6A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135291EFFF95FFAE1F7125C0BD4DFC44" box="[299,333,939,963]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,975,997]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,953]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,953]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. X-rays of the five species of Acontias discussed in this study. (A) Acontias albigularis sp. nov. PEM R20658. (B) Acontias breviceps PEM R18912. (C) Acontias gracilicauda PEM R20214. (D) Acontias wakkerstroomensis sp. nov. PEM R22788. (E) Acontias meleagris PEM R2507." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1282354/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">7A</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C373DEE1FF95FFAE1ECD2599BD3FFBA0" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BD68D6AFF95FFAE1ECD2599BD3FFBA0" blockId="6.[151,1437,1010,1063]" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1ECD2599BD02FB8F" bold="true" box="[151,258,1010,1032]" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">Synonym.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1F522598BDDEFB8F" box="[264,478,1010,1032]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF95FFAE1F522598BD61FB8F" box="[264,353,1011,1032]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Acontias</taxonomicName>
breviceps—
</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF8F09BFF95FFAE1F872599BE9DFB8F" author="FitzSimons, V. F. M." box="[477,669,1010,1032]" journalOrPublisher="Transvaal Museum Memoir" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" pagination="1 - 528" part="1" refId="ref8002" refString="FitzSimons, V. F. M. (1943) The lizards of South Africa. Transvaal Museum Memoir, 1, 1 - 528." title="The lizards of South Africa" type="journal article" year="1943">FitzSimons (1943)</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF8F09BFF95FFAE1CFD2599BF96FB8F" author="Broadley, D. G. &amp; Greer, A. E." box="[679,918,1010,1032]" journalOrPublisher="Arnoldia" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" pagination="1 - 29" part="4" refId="ref7458" refString="Broadley, D. G. &amp; Greer, A. E. (1969) A revision of the genus Acontias (Sauria: Scincidae). Arnoldia, 4, 1 - 29." title="A revision of the genus Acontias (Sauria: Scincidae)" type="journal article" year="1969">Broadley &amp; Greer 1969</bibRefCitation>
(part);
<bibRefCitation id="EFF8F09BFF95FFAE1DBB2599B865FB8F" author="Branch, W. R." bookContentInfo="327 pp." box="[993,1125,1010,1032]" journalOrPublisher="Struik, Cape Town" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" refId="ref7362" refString="Branch, W. R. (1988) Field Guide to Snakes and Other Reptiles of Southern Africa. 1 st Edition. Struik, Cape Town, 327 pp." title="Field Guide to Snakes and Other Reptiles of Southern Africa. 1 st Edition" type="book" year="1988">Branch 1988</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF8F09BFF95FFAE1A352599B8A4FB8F" author="Branch, W. R." bookContentInfo="327 pp." box="[1135,1188,1010,1032]" journalOrPublisher="Struik, Cape Town" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" refId="ref7394" refString="Branch, W. R. (1994) Field Guide to Snakes and Other Reptiles of Southern Africa. 2 nd Edition. Struik, Cape Town, 327 pp." title="Field Guide to Snakes and Other Reptiles of Southern Africa. 2 nd Edition" type="book" year="1994">1994</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF8F09BFF95FFAE1AF42599B8E1FB8F" author="Branch, W. R." bookContentInfo="399 pp." box="[1198,1249,1010,1032]" journalOrPublisher="Struik, Cape Town" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" refId="ref7426" refString="Branch, W. R. (1998) Field Guide to Snakes and Other Reptiles of Southern Africa. 3 rd Edition. Struik, Cape Town, 399 pp." title="Field Guide to Snakes and Other Reptiles of Southern Africa. 3 rd Edition" type="book" year="1998">1998</bibRefCitation>
(part);
<bibRefCitation id="EFF8F09BFF95FFAE1B712598BCFAFBA0" author="Bates, M. F. &amp; Branch, W. R. &amp; Bauer, A. M. &amp; Burger, M. &amp; Marais, J. &amp; Alexander, G. J. &amp; De Villiers, M. S." bookContentInfo="485 pp." journalOrPublisher="Suricata 1. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" refId="ref7285" refString="Bates, M. F., Branch, W. R., Bauer, A. M., Burger, M., Marais, J., Alexander, G. J. &amp; De Villiers, M. S. (2014) Atlas and Red List of the Reptiles of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Suricata 1. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, 485 pp." title="Atlas and Red List of the Reptiles of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland" type="book" year="2014">
Bates
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1B302598B99DFB8F" box="[1386,1437,1010,1032]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">et al.</emphasis>
2014
</bibRefCitation>
(part).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C373DEE1FF95FFAE1ECD223FBF1FFA53" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD68D6AFF95FFAE1ECD223FBF8AFB33" blockId="6.[151,1437,1108,2033]" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">
<materialsCitation id="3B018737FF95FFAE1ECD223FBF8AFB33" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1848367948" collectingDate="2013-12-09" collectionCode="PEM, 2530BA" collectorName="Werner Conradie &amp; Theo Busschau &amp; Adriaan Jordaan" country="South Africa" elevation="2149" latitude="-25.14113" location="Mauchsberg, Long Tom Pass" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.60522" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" specimenCode="R20655" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mpumalanga" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1ECD223FBD0BFBEA" bold="true" box="[151,267,1108,1133]" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">
<typeStatus id="54D233C8FF95FFAE1ECD223FBD06FBEA" box="[151,262,1108,1133]" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="ED7815AFFF95FFAE1F4C223EBD50FBEB" box="[278,336,1109,1132]" collectionName="PEM" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">PEM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBCF2511FF95FFAE1F01223FBDB6FBEA" box="[347,438,1108,1133]" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">R20655</specimenCode>
,
<location id="8EB6DBB1FF95FFAE1F9F223FBF1BFBEB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C03C7CFF95FFA11ECD2508BFACF8B0:8EB6DBB1FF95FFAE1F9F223FBF1BFBEB" box="[453,795,1108,1133]" country="South Africa" latitude="-25.14113" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.60522" name="Mauchsberg, Long Tom Pass" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" stateProvince="Mpumalanga">Mauchsberg, Long Tom Pass</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="49AD4388FF95FFAE1D70223FBFC2FBEB" box="[810,962,1108,1132]" country="South Africa" name="Mpumalanga" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">Mpumalanga</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F37ECDFAFF95FFAE1D8A223FB864FBEA" box="[976,1124,1108,1133]" name="South Africa" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">South Africa</collectingCountry>
(-
<geoCoordinate id="EE5DEBADFF95FFAE1A24223FB905FBEB" box="[1150,1285,1108,1133]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" precision="1" value="-25.14113">25.14113 S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE5DEBADFF95FFAE1B4A223FB997FBEB" box="[1296,1431,1108,1133]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" precision="1" value="30.60522">30.60522 E</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectionCode id="ED7815AFFF95FFAE1ECD221CBCF9FB17" box="[151,249,1143,1168]" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">2530BA</collectionCode>
,
<elevation id="00446A59FF95FFAE1F5F2213BD5BFB08" box="[261,347,1144,1168]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.149" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" unit="m" value="2149.0">
<quantity id="4C91208FFF95FFAE1F5F2213BD5BFB08" box="[261,347,1144,1168]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.149" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" unit="m" value="2149.0">2149 m</quantity>
</elevation>
above sea level ~ asl) collected by
<collectorName id="269CE8BCFF95FFAE1CA82213BFB7FB17" box="[754,951,1144,1168]" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">Werner Conradie</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="269CE8BCFF95FFAE1D982213B86FFB17" box="[962,1135,1144,1168]" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">Theo Busschau</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="269CE8BCFF95FFAE1AF22213B962FB17" box="[1192,1378,1144,1168]" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">Adriaan Jordaan</collectorName>
on
<collectingDate id="EF935242FF95FFAE1BD42213BD4CFB33" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" value="2013-12-09">
<date id="FFD7ABAAFF95FFAE1BD42213BD4CFB33" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" value="2013-12-09">9 December 2013</date>
</collectingDate>
. Mid ventral incision, otherwise in good condition.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD68D6AFF95FFAE1E9D22D4B96DFAEF" blockId="6.[151,1437,1108,2033]" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1E9D22D4BD7EFB5F" bold="true" box="[199,382,1215,1240]" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">Paratypes (12).</emphasis>
PEM R20650-2, 20661, Top of Long Tom Pass, Mpumalanga, South Africa (-25,149109 S 30.61938 E, 2530BA, 2206 m asl); PEM R20653-4, 20656-60, 20662, Mauchsberg, Long Tom Pass, Mpumalanga, South Africa (-25.14113 S 30.60522 E, 2530BA, 2149 m asl). All voucher specimens collected by Werner Conradie, Theo Busschau and Adriaan Jordaan on 9 December 2013. All material are adults except for PEM R20651-3 being juveniles. All voucher specimens with mid-ventral incisions and in otherwise good condition.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD68D6AFF95FFAE1E9D231FBF1FFA53" blockId="6.[151,1437,1108,2033]" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1E9D231FBE60FA0A" bold="true" box="[199,608,1396,1421]" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">Additional material examined (9).</emphasis>
The following additional material was used to expand the description of variation within the species: TM 56267, 61770, 61200 (Farm De Kuilen); TM 56289 (Mauchesberg); PEM R5139 (Sabie); PEM R16668, 16674, 20937-8 (Long Tom Pass).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C373DEE1FF95FFAE1E9D23B4BF0EF876" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BD68D6AFF95FFAE1E9D23B4BF0EF876" blockId="6.[151,1437,1108,2033]" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1E9D23B4BD41FA7F" bold="true" box="[199,321,1503,1528]" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
A medium sized legless skink assigned to the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF95FFAE1D98238BB824FA70" box="[962,1060,1504,1527]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1D98238BB824FA70" box="[962,1060,1504,1527]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">Acontias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(part) based on the body being moderately attenuate, snout not strongly acutely angled, movable eyelids present, lower eyelid immovable, and overall genetic placement (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF8F09BFF95FFAE1F97204CBE9BF9C7" author="Lamb, T. &amp; Biswas, S. &amp; Bauer, A. M." box="[461,667,1575,1600]" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" pagination="33 - 46" part="46" refId="ref8275" refString="Lamb, T., Biswas, S. &amp; Bauer, A. M. (2010) A phylogenetic reassessment of African fossorial skinks in the subfamily Acontinae (Squamata: Scincidae): evidence for parallelism and polyphyly. Zootaxa, 46, 33 - 46." title="A phylogenetic reassessment of African fossorial skinks in the subfamily Acontinae (Squamata: Scincidae): evidence for parallelism and polyphyly" type="journal article" year="2010">
Lamb
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1C412042BE57F9C7" box="[539,599,1575,1600]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">et al.</emphasis>
2010
</bibRefCitation>
; this study). Distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF95FFAE1A402043B8F9F9C7" authority="(Broadley)" authorityName="Broadley" baseAuthorityName="Broadley" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[1050,1273,1576,1600]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jappi">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1A402043B876F9C7" box="[1050,1142,1576,1600]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">A. jappi</emphasis>
(Broadley)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF95FFAE1B502043BDC1F9E3" authority="(Lamb, Biswas &amp; Bauer)" authorityName="Lamb, Biswas &amp; Bauer" baseAuthorityName="Lamb, Biswas &amp; Bauer" baseAuthorityYear="2010" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kgalagadi">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1B502043B99CF9C7" box="[1290,1436,1575,1600]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">A. kgalagadi</emphasis>
(Lamb, Biswas &amp; Bauer)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF95FFAE1F8E2027BEA3F9E3" authority="Peters" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1879" box="[468,675,1612,1637]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lineatus">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1F8E2027BE52F9E2" box="[468,594,1612,1637]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">A. lineatus</emphasis>
Peters
</taxonomicName>
(previously included in
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF95FFAE1D912027B861F9E2" authorityName="Wiegmann" authorityYear="1834" box="[971,1121,1612,1637]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Typhlosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1D912027B861F9E2" box="[971,1121,1612,1637]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">Typhlosaurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF95FFAE1AE92027BD70F90F" authority="Wagner, Broadley &amp; Bauer" authorityName="Wagner, Broadley &amp; Bauer" authorityYear="2012" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schmitzi">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1AE92027B933F9E2" box="[1203,1331,1612,1637]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">A. schmitzi</emphasis>
Wagner, Broadley &amp; Bauer
</taxonomicName>
in possessing moveable eyelids. It can be distinguished from other congeners possessing moveable eyelids by: ventral pigmentation concentrated at posterior scale margins giving a checkered appearance (all species except
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF95FFAE1F2620D3BE0BF957" authorityName="Essex" authorityYear="1925" box="[380,523,1719,1744]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="breviceps">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1F2620D3BE0BF957" box="[380,523,1719,1744]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">A. breviceps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1C1420D3BE66F948" box="[590,614,1720,1743]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">A.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1C2920DCBEB8F957" bold="true" box="[627,696,1719,1744]" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">sp. 2)</emphasis>
compared to dorsally and ventrally uniform (
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF95FFAE1ABA20D3B970F957" authorityName="Bianconi" authorityYear="1849" box="[1248,1392,1719,1744]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="plumbeus">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1ABA20D3B970F957" box="[1248,1392,1719,1744]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">A. plumbeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF95FFAE1BDE20D3BD1EF972" authorityName="Fitzsimons" authorityYear="1941" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1BDE20D3BD1EF972" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">A. occidentalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(part)) or no ventral pigmentation (
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF95FFAE1CB920B6BF9AF972" box="[739,922,1756,1781]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilicauda">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1CB920B6BF9AF972" box="[739,922,1756,1781]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">A. gracilicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF95FFAE1DEB20B6B848F972" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[945,1096,1756,1781]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="meleagris">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1DEB20B6B848F972" box="[945,1096,1756,1781]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">A. meleagris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex,
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF95FFAE1A9520B6B96DF972" authorityName="Hewitt" authorityYear="1937" box="[1231,1389,1756,1781]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lineicauda">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1A9520B6B96DF972" box="[1231,1389,1756,1781]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">A. lineicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF95FFAE1BDE20B6BD1EF89F" authorityName="Fitzsimons" authorityYear="1941" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1BDE20B6BD1EF89F" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">A. occidentalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(part),
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF95FFAE1F29216BBE24F89F" authorityName="Hewitt" authorityYear="1938" box="[371,548,1792,1816]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="namaquensis">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1F29216BBE24F89F" box="[371,548,1792,1816]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">A. namaquensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF95FFAE1C3E216BBF69F89F" authority="Loveridge" authorityName="Loveridge" authorityYear="1935" box="[612,873,1791,1816]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="percivali">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1C3E216BBEE6F89F" box="[612,742,1791,1816]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">A. percivali</emphasis>
Loveridge
</taxonomicName>
). It can be distinguished from typical
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF95FFAE1B48216BB99BF89F" authorityName="Essex" authorityYear="1925" box="[1298,1435,1791,1816]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="breviceps">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1B48216BB99BF89F" box="[1298,1435,1791,1816]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">A. breviceps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1E9D214EBCDFF8BB" box="[199,223,1829,1852]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">A.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1EBC214FBD1DF8BA" bold="true" box="[230,285,1828,1853]" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">sp. 2</emphasis>
by the lack of pigmentation in the region around the throat and the cloaca, and lower average number of scales around the midbody (14 scales vs 16 in both
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF95FFAE1CAE2123BF7FF8E7" authorityName="Essex" authorityYear="1925" box="[756,895,1863,1888]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="breviceps">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1CAE2123BF7FF8E7" box="[756,895,1863,1888]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">A. breviceps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1DEE2123BFCCF8D8" box="[948,972,1864,1887]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">A.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1D89212CB809F8E7" bold="true" box="[979,1033,1863,1888]" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">sp. 2</emphasis>
). It differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF95FFAE1A9F2123B94EF8E7" authorityName="Essex" authorityYear="1925" box="[1221,1358,1863,1888]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="breviceps">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1A9F2123B94EF8E7" box="[1221,1358,1863,1888]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">A. breviceps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in that the second upper label is touching the eye 17 out of 19 (90%) times (vs 1 out of 39 ~5%). In the phylogenetic analysis, it is sister to
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF95FFAE1FCE21FBBE43F82F" box="[404,579,1935,1960]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilicauda">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1FCE21FBBE43F82F" box="[404,579,1935,1960]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">A. gracilicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, from which it differs by 2.2 ± 0.6 % (16S mtDNA) and 3.5 ± 0.7 % (Cytb mtDNA) sequence divergence. It further differs 5.3 ± 1.2 % (16S) and 7.0 ± 0.9 % (Cytb) from
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1A8021DEB96BF84A" box="[1242,1387,1972,1997]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF95FFAE1A8021DEB967F84A" authorityName="Essex" authorityYear="1925" box="[1242,1383,1972,1997]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="breviceps">A. breviceps</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and 2.1 ± 0.8 % (16S) and 3.6 ± 0.7 % (Cytb) from.
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1CEB21B2BECAF877" box="[689,714,2009,2032]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">A.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF95FFAE1C8A21B3BF0EF876" bold="true" box="[720,782,2008,2033]" pageId="6" pageNumber="95">sp. 2.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF16DDE2FF94FFAF1ECD2244BF28FB26" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1282348/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="96" startId="7.[151,250,1071,1093]" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1049]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8BD68D6AFF94FFAF1ECD2244BF28FB26" blockId="7.[151,1436,1071,1185]" pageId="7" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF94FFAF1ECD2244BD18FBC2" bold="true" box="[151,280,1071,1093]" pageId="7" pageNumber="96">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
Four species of
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF94FFAF1F8D225BBE30FBC2" box="[471,560,1072,1093]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="96" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF94FFAF1F8D225BBE30FBC2" box="[471,560,1072,1093]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="96">Acontias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in life. (A)
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF94FFAF1CE5225BBF93FBC2" authority="Conradie &amp; Busschau &amp; Edwards, 2018" authorityName="Conradie &amp; Busschau &amp; Edwards" authorityYear="2018" box="[703,915,1071,1093]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="96" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albigularis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF94FFAF1CE5225BBF93FBC2" box="[703,915,1071,1093]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="96">Acontias albigularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22EEC03FF94FFAF1DC52244BFF6FBC2" box="[927,1014,1071,1093]" pageId="7" pageNumber="96" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF94FFAF1DC52244BFF6FBC2" bold="true" box="[927,1014,1071,1093]" pageId="7" pageNumber="96">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(PEM R20662) from Long Tom Pass, Mpumalanga Province. (B)
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF94FFAF1F932225BE90FBE4" authorityName="Essex" authorityYear="1925" box="[457,656,1101,1123]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="96" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="breviceps">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF94FFAF1F932225BE90FBE4" box="[457,656,1101,1123]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="96">Acontias breviceps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(PEM R19010) from Hogsback, Eastern Cape Province. (C)
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF94FFAF1B192225BD19FB05" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="96" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilicauda">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF94FFAF1B192225BD19FB05" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="96">Acontias gracilicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(PEM R20170) from Groendal, Eastern Cape Province. (D)
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF94FFAF1DC72206B8C1FB05" authority="Conradie &amp; Busschau &amp; Edwards, 2018" authorityName="Conradie &amp; Busschau &amp; Edwards" authorityYear="2018" box="[925,1217,1132,1154]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="96" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wakkerstroomensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF94FFAF1DC72206B8C1FB05" box="[925,1217,1132,1154]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="96">Acontias wakkerstroomensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22EEC03FF94FFAF1A912207B91EFB05" box="[1227,1310,1132,1154]" pageId="7" pageNumber="96" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF94FFAF1A912207B91EFB05" bold="true" box="[1227,1310,1132,1154]" pageId="7" pageNumber="96">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(holotype
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF94FFAF1BCE2207B99CFB05" bold="true" box="[1428,1436,1132,1154]" pageId="7" pageNumber="96">-</emphasis>
PEM R22788) from near Wakkerstroom, Mpumalanga Province.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C373DEE1FF94FFA11E9D228DBFCCFA2C" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="98" pageId="7" pageNumber="96" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD68D6AFF94FFAF1E9D228DB871F8BE" blockId="7.[151,1438,1254,1849]" pageId="7" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF94FFAF1E9D228DBDEEFB78" bold="true" box="[199,494,1254,1279]" pageId="7" pageNumber="96">Description of Holotype.</emphasis>
A medium sized
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF94FFAF1CE3228CBF1BFB79" box="[697,795,1255,1278]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="96" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF94FFAF1CE3228CBF1BFB79" box="[697,795,1255,1278]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="96">Acontias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species with a total length of 197.1 mm (166 mm SVL; 31.1 mm TL). Body cylindrical, slightly flattened dorsally (probably an artefact of preservation). Head short (13% SVL) and narrow (HW 7.0 mm). Snout rounded and very short. Large rostral with the nostril pierced in the anterior part, connected with the border of the rostral by a straight, narrow suture. Three supraoculars present, first much larger than other. Four supracilliars, 1
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF94FFAF1C162300BEAAFA00" box="[588,682,1387,1415]" pageId="7" pageNumber="96" rank="subSpecies" subSpecies="largest">st largest</taxonomicName>
and 3rd smallest. Ocular exposed. Four upper labials present, the second upper labial narrowly excluded from the ocular, the third and fourth well excluded from ocular by three suboculars. Three lower labials. Loreal large, in contact with the first upper labial ventrally, the rostral dorsally and preocular anteriorly. Dorsally, the rostral is followed by two enlarged head scales (prefrontal and frontal). Prefrontal large and subrectangular in shape, frontal more or less pentagonal, larger than the prefrontal and posteriorly bordered by two large parietal scales separated by an interparietal. The two parietal scales in contact anteriorly and running more or less parallel on their sides. Two narrow longitudinal scales bordering the two parietal scales. The pineal eye is pierced in the posterior part of the interparietal scale. Mental large, bordered by three chin shields and one lower labial on each side of the head. Body scales homogeneous (except in size and shape—see below) and smooth in 14 rows around midbody (16 front, 14 middle, 12 anterior), 153 longitudinal scale rows (from chin shield to precloacal scale), and 34 subcaudal scales. The vertebral row of scales on the nape is equal in size, but posteriorly becoming noticeably broader. The median row of ventral subcaudals is strongly broadened. The first 6 subcaudal scales are split, after which the broadened scale runs all the way to the tail tip. The mid tail scale row count is seven. The vertebral count is 71 + 22 (trunk + tail) (
<figureCitation id="135291EFFF94FFAF1A52214AB865F8BE" box="[1032,1125,1825,1849]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,975,997]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,953]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,953]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. X-rays of the five species of Acontias discussed in this study. (A) Acontias albigularis sp. nov. PEM R20658. (B) Acontias breviceps PEM R18912. (C) Acontias gracilicauda PEM R20214. (D) Acontias wakkerstroomensis sp. nov. PEM R22788. (E) Acontias meleagris PEM R2507." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1282354/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="96">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF16DDE2FF9BFFA01ECD2155BD07F849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1282352/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" startId="8.[151,250,1854,1876]" targetBox="[145,1441,196,1828]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BD68D6AFF9BFFA01ECD2155BD07F849" blockId="8.[151,1437,1854,1998]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF9BFFA01ECD2155BD13F8D3" bold="true" box="[151,275,1854,1876]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
Dorsal and ventral photos of the holotypes/lectotypes of the four species of
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF9BFFA01A7C2154B87FF8D3" box="[1062,1151,1855,1876]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF9BFFA01A7C2154B87FF8D3" box="[1062,1151,1855,1876]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">Acontias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
discussed in this study. (A)
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF9BFFA01ECD2136BD65F8F5" authority="Conradie &amp; Busschau &amp; Edwards, 2018" authorityName="Conradie &amp; Busschau &amp; Edwards" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,357,1884,1906]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albigularis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF9BFFA01ECD2136BD65F8F5" box="[151,357,1884,1906]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">Acontias albigularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22EEC03FF9BFFA01F362137BDBDF8F5" box="[364,445,1884,1906]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF9BFFA01F362137BDBDF8F5" bold="true" box="[364,445,1884,1906]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
PEM R20655 from Long Tom Pass, Mpumalanga Province. (B)
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF9BFFA01A0D2136B916F8F5" authorityName="Essex" authorityYear="1925" box="[1111,1302,1884,1906]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="breviceps">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF9BFFA01A0D2136B916F8F5" box="[1111,1302,1884,1906]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">Acontias breviceps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
PEM R5570 from Hogsback, Eastern Cape Province. (C)
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF9BFFA01C3F2117BF47F816" box="[613,839,1915,1937]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilicauda">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF9BFFA01C3F2117BF47F816" box="[613,839,1915,1937]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">Acontias gracilicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
PEM R5131 from Grahamstown, Eastern Cape Province. (D)
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF9BFFA01E9E21F0BDE7F837" authority="Conradie &amp; Busschau &amp; Edwards, 2018" authorityName="Conradie &amp; Busschau &amp; Edwards" authorityYear="2018" box="[196,487,1946,1968]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wakkerstroomensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF9BFFA01E9E21F0BDE7F837" box="[196,487,1946,1968]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">Acontias wakkerstroomensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22EEC03FF9BFFA01FAB21F1BE44F837" box="[497,580,1946,1968]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF9BFFA01FAB21F1BE44F837" bold="true" box="[497,580,1946,1968]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
PEM R22788 from near Wakkerstroom, Mpumalanga Province. Scale bar = one centimeter.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF16DDE2FF9AFFA11ECD25A4BE69FBA5" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1282354/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" startId="9.[151,250,975,997]" targetBox="[151,1436,193,953]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="8BD68D6AFF9AFFA11ECD25A4BE69FBA5" blockId="9.[151,1436,975,1058]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF9AFFA11ECD25A4BD12FC62" bold="true" box="[151,274,975,997]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
X-rays of the five species of
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF9AFFA11C6525BBBE98FC62" box="[575,664,976,997]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF9AFFA11C6525BBBE98FC62" box="[575,664,976,997]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Acontias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
discussed in this study. (A)
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF9AFFA11DEC25BBB884FC62" authority="Conradie &amp; Busschau &amp; Edwards, 2018" authorityName="Conradie &amp; Busschau &amp; Edwards" authorityYear="2018" box="[950,1156,975,997]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albigularis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF9AFFA11DEC25BBB884FC62" box="[950,1156,975,997]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Acontias albigularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22EEC03FF9AFFA11AD125A4B8DCFC62" box="[1163,1244,975,997]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF9AFFA11AD125A4B8DCFC62" bold="true" box="[1163,1244,975,997]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
PEM R20658. (B)
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF9AFFA11ECD2585BD59FB84" authorityName="Essex" authorityYear="1925" box="[151,345,1005,1027]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="breviceps">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF9AFFA11ECD2585BD59FB84" box="[151,345,1005,1027]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Acontias breviceps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
PEM R18912. (C)
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF9AFFA11C702585BF0DFB84" box="[554,781,1005,1027]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilicauda">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF9AFFA11C702585BF0DFB84" box="[554,781,1005,1027]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Acontias gracilicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
PEM R20214. (D)
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF9AFFA11D852585B902FB84" authority="Conradie &amp; Busschau &amp; Edwards, 2018" authorityName="Conradie &amp; Busschau &amp; Edwards" authorityYear="2018" box="[991,1282,1005,1027]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wakkerstroomensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF9AFFA11D852585B902FB84" box="[991,1282,1005,1027]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Acontias wakkerstroomensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22EEC03FF9AFFA11B512586B95EFB84" box="[1291,1374,1005,1027]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF9AFFA11B512586B95EFB84" bold="true" box="[1291,1374,1005,1027]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
PEM R22788. (E)
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF9AFFA11F402266BDDDFBA5" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[282,477,1036,1058]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="meleagris">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF9AFFA11F402266BDDDFBA5" box="[282,477,1036,1058]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Acontias meleagris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
PEM R2507.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD68D6AFF9AFFA11E9D2218BD33FB54" blockId="9.[151,1438,1139,1847]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF9AFFA11E9D2218BDABFB0B" bold="true" box="[199,427,1139,1164]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Colouration in life.</emphasis>
Dorsally olive to olive brown in colour, with the terminal ends of the scales spotted with dark brown to black. Ventrally lighter olive-yellow, with scales spotted, throat region and around cloaca free of any pigmentation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD68D6AFF9AFFA11E9D22B5BFCCFA2C" blockId="9.[151,1438,1139,1847]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF9AFFA11E9D22B5BD35FB70" bold="true" box="[199,309,1246,1271]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Variation</emphasis>
: SVL range from 70-195 mm; TL varies from 15-40 mm; HL varies from 5.7-14.9 mm; HW varies from 3.7-7.7 mm; midbody scale rows vary from 14-16 (mostly 14), ventrals vary from 146-159; subcaudals vary from 33-39; vertebrae (body) = 68-73; vertebrae (tail) = 21-28.
<tableCitation id="C6EBB8D1FF9AFFA11D3C234DBFBAFAB8" box="[870,954,1318,1343]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,242,152,175]" captionText="TABLE 1: Summaries of scalation and measurements (in millimetres) for four species of Acontias examined in this study. SDEV = Standard Deviation." pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Table 1</tableCitation>
further summarises the measurements and scalation. In juvenile specimens (PEM R20651-3), the ventral pigmentation is not as prominent as in adults. Different degrees of ventral pigmentation exist among adults, but mostly the ventral third of the body and around the cloaca are unpigmented. Dorsally all scales are punctuated anteriorly.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C373DEE1FF9AFFA11E9D23DDB81AFA74" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BD68D6AFF9AFFA11E9D23DDB81AFA74" blockId="9.[151,1438,1139,1847]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF9AFFA11E9D23DDBD4EFA48" bold="true" box="[199,334,1462,1487]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Etymology.</emphasis>
The name
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF9AFFA11F9623DDBE47FA48" authorityName="Conradie &amp; Busschau &amp; Edwards" authorityYear="2018" box="[460,583,1462,1487]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albigularis">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF9AFFA11F9623DDBE47FA48" box="[460,583,1462,1487]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">albigularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is derived from the Latin words:
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF9AFFA11D9E23DDBFF0FA48" box="[964,1008,1462,1487]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">albi</emphasis>
(white) and
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF9AFFA11ADA23DDB8B2FA48" box="[1152,1202,1462,1487]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">gula</emphasis>
(throat), and alludes to the unpigmented gular or throat region of the species, giving it a white throat.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C373DEE1FF9AFFA11E9D2395BF3EF920" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BD68D6AFF9AFFA11E9D2395BD64F9BC" blockId="9.[151,1438,1139,1847]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF9AFFA11E9D2395BD23F990" bold="true" box="[199,291,1534,1559]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Habitat</emphasis>
. Found in montane grassland under large flat rocks on the Mpumalanga escarpment at an altitude above 2000 m asl.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD68D6AFF9AFFA11E9D202DBF3EF920" blockId="9.[151,1438,1139,1847]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF9AFFA11E9D202DBD33F9D8" bold="true" box="[199,307,1606,1631]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Breeding</emphasis>
. Currently unknown. A juvenile measuring 85 mm total length was collected from Long Tom Pass in December 2013, which indicates that they were born earlier that same season. This suggests that breeding likely takes place in the summer months from September onwards.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C373DEE1FF9AFFA11E9D20D8BFACF8B0" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BD68D6AFF9AFFA11E9D20D8BFACF8B0" blockId="9.[151,1438,1139,1847]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF9AFFA11E9D20D8BE3EF94B" bold="true" box="[199,574,1715,1740]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Distribution and conservation.</emphasis>
Currently only known from the Mpumalanga escarpment. We assign the following historical records to
<taxonomicName id="4C69F6E9FF9AFFA11FA220BCBE95F968" authority="Conradie &amp; Busschau &amp; Edwards, 2018" authorityName="Conradie &amp; Busschau &amp; Edwards" authorityYear="2018" box="[504,661,1750,1775]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Acontias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albigularis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF9AFFA11FA220BCBE95F968" box="[504,661,1750,1775]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">A. albigularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22EEC03FF9AFFA11CC720BDBEF9F968" box="[669,761,1750,1775]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B91D5178FF9AFFA11CC720BDBEF9F968" bold="true" box="[669,761,1750,1775]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
: Farm De Kuilen (TM56267, TM61770, TM61200); Farm Paardeplaats (TM61771); Long Tom Pass (PEM R16668, PEM R16674); Mauchsberg (TM56289); Sabie (PEM R5139); Mauchsberg, Mt. Anderson, Tafelkop 26HT (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF8F09BFF9AFFA11CA92175BF9FF8B0" author="Jacobsen, N. H. G." bookContentInfo="1621 pp." box="[755,927,1822,1847]" journalOrPublisher="Final Project TN 6 / 4 / 30, Chief Directorate of Nature and Environmental Conservation, Pretoria" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" refId="ref8095" refString="Jacobsen, N. H. G. (1989) The Distribution and Conservation Status of Reptiles and Amphibians of the Transvaal. Final Project TN 6 / 4 / 30, Chief Directorate of Nature and Environmental Conservation, Pretoria, 1621 pp." title="The Distribution and Conservation Status of Reptiles and Amphibians of the Transvaal" type="book" year="1989">Jacobsen 1989</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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