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174 lines
16 KiB
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.371.6568" ID-GBIF-Dataset="612ce0cc-252e-4e04-b638-cb74019cd90b" ID-PMC="PMC3909797" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-371-13" ID-PubMed="24493952" ID-ZBK="B12EC0932918498AA41E6C71738692FB" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-371-13" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 371" ModsDocTitle="Brachymyrmex species with tumuliform metathoracic spiracles: description of three new species and discussion of dimorphism in the genus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)" checkinTime="1451246426037" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Ortiz, Claudia M. & Fernandez, Fernando" docDate="2014" docId="DFE187525E7AD12C95E11F11C7370165" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 371: 13-33" docOrigin="ZooKeys 371" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.371.6568" docTitle="Brachymyrmex pilipes Mayr" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="21" masterDocId="FFD76C199D70EC34FF820C38CA1DF502" masterDocTitle="Brachymyrmex species with tumuliform metathoracic spiracles: description of three new species and discussion of dimorphism in the genus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)" masterLastPageNumber="33" masterPageNumber="13" pageNumber="18" updateTime="1668157481381" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Brachymyrmex species with tumuliform metathoracic spiracles: description of three new species and discussion of dimorphism in the genus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ortiz, Claudia M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Fernandez, Fernando</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>371</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>13</mods:start>
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<mods:end>33</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.371.6568</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.371.6568</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-371-13</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">B12EC0932918498AA41E6C71738692FB</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">B12EC0932918498AA41E6C71738692FB</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152050557" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DFE187525E7AD12C95E11F11C7370165" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DFE187525E7AD12C95E11F11C7370165" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Brachymyrmex_pilipes" authority="Mayr" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachymyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brachymyrmex pilipes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilipes">Brachymyrmex pilipes Mayr</taxonomicName>
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Figs 7-16,28
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="18" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachymyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brachymyrmex pilipes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilipes">Brachymyrmex pilipes</taxonomicName>
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Mayr, 1887: 524 (q.m.) BRAZIL (NHMV) [examined].
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<bibRefCitation author="Santschi, F" journalOrPublisher="Anales de la Sociedad Cientifica Argentina" pageId="18" pageNumber="31" pagination="273 - 316" title="Nouvelles fourmis de la Republique Argentine et du Bresil." volume="107" year="1929">Santschi 1929</bibRefCitation>
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: 310 (w.). BRAZIL (NHMB) [examined]. Combination in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachymyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brachymyrmex (Bryscha)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Bryscha">Brachymyrmex (Bryscha)</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Santschi, F" journalOrPublisher="Anales del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Buenos Aires" pageId="18" pageNumber="31" pagination="650 - 678" title="Revue des fourmis du genre Brachymymex Mayr." volume="31" year="1923">Santschi 1923</bibRefCitation>
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: 674.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="18" type="lectotype">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="18">Lectotype</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="18">(here designated). 1 queen, Paralectotypes 1 queen, 1 male, Brazil, Santa Catharina (NHMV).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="18" type="additional material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="18">Additional material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="18">
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6 minor workers, Brazil,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
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, Rio Azul, 1000 m, Oct. 1959, col. F. Plaumann (MZSP) [USNM ENT 00757822, USNM ENT 00757823]; 2 major workers, 2 minor workers, 1 queen, Brazil,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
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,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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Negro (NHMB); 3 minor workers, Brazil, Santa Catharina,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Chapecó">Chapeco</normalizedToken>
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, Dic. 1957, col. F. Plaumann leg. (MZSP) [USNM ENT 00757821]; 6 minor workers, Brazil, Santa Catharina, Nova Teutonia,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-27.183332">27°11'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-52.383335">52°23'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 300-500 m, Jul.1958, col. F. Plaumann (MZSP) [USNM ENT 00757829, USNM ENT 00757831, USNM ENT 00757832]; 1 minor worker, Brazil,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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de Janeiro, Nova Friburgo, Fazenda Barreto,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-22.161242">22°9'40.4712"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-42.524303">42°31'27.4866"W</geoCoordinate>
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, 1068 m, 11-12 Jun 2011, col. T.M.S. Mesquita (UFUC) [USNM ENT 00757824]; 1 minor worker, Brazil,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Paulo, Ubatuba, Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Núcleo">Nucleo</normalizedToken>
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Santa
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Virgínia">Virginia</normalizedToken>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-23.316668">23°19'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-45.1">45°06'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 870-1000 m, 22 Apr 2005, col. M. Uehara (MZSP) [USNM ENT 00757823].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="18">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">
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This species can be differentiated from most of the
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachymyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brachymyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="19" start="start">Brachymyrmex</pageBreakToken>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the following: presence of tumuliform metathoracic spiracles; worker caste dimorphic; toruli touching the posterior clypeal margin, but never surpassing it (best observed in anterodorsal oblique view); and long thick hairs in a row near anterior clypeal margin (Fig. 15). These traits are shared with
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachymyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brachymyrmex micromegas" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micromegas">Brachymyrmex micromegas</taxonomicName>
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, but
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachymyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brachymyrmex pilipes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilipes">Brachymyrmex pilipes</taxonomicName>
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differs by the fine, longitudinal striations on most of the mesosoma (Fig. 16), and the gaster color often is darker than the body color.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="19">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="19">
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Figure 7-12.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachymyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brachymyrmex pilipes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilipes">Brachymyrmex pilipes</taxonomicName>
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Mayr 7 Minor worker, head in full-face view 8 Minor worker, body in lateral view 9 Minor worker, body in dorsal view 10 Major worker, head in full-face view 11 Major worker, body in lateral view 12 Male, body in lateral view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="19">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="19">
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Figure 13-16.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachymyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brachymyrmex pilipes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilipes">Brachymyrmex pilipes</taxonomicName>
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Mayr. 13 Queen (Lectotype), head in full-face view 14 Queen (Lectotype), body in dorsal view 15 Minor worker, clypeus 16 Minor worker, mesosoma in right lateral view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="19">Description</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="19">Minor worker.Measurements (mm) (n=8) HL1 0.62 - 1.21; HL2 0.50 - 0.74; HL3 0.33 - 0.39; HW 0.60 - 1.07; SL 0.57 - 1.17; EL 0.12 - 0.22; WL 0.97 - 1.42; PnL 0.40 - 0.55; PnW 0.64 - 0.76; ML 0.20 - 0.33; MW 0.33 - 0.37; Indices CI 88 - 97; SI195 - 109; SI2114 - 158; OI 18 - 20.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="19">Description. Head slightly longer than wide, almost squared, slightly narrowing anteriorly. Posterior cephalic border slightly concave. Clypeus large, with rounded anterior margin. Toruli touching the posterior clypeal margin, but never surpassing it (best observed in anterodorsal oblique view) (Fig. 15). Scapes long, surpassing the posterior margin of the head. Ocelli present. Eyes well developed, located at the midline of the head, with 10-11 ommatidia at their maximum diameter. Mesonotum conspicuously convex. Metanotal groove deep and wide. Metathoracic spiracles fully dorsal, tumuliform, bulging out of the metanotal groove in lateral view (Fig. 8). Propodeum strongly convex, unarmed. Propodeal spiracle near to posteriopropodeal margin. Petiole scale rounded and not inclined forward.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="19">Head and gaster smooth and shiny. Mesosoma with very fine, dense longitudinal and oblique striations. Most of mandibular surface with longitudinal rugulae (best observed in anterodorsal oblique view). Entire body, including antennae, legs, and palps with conspicuous erect and suberect pilosity that are larger on dorsum. Long thick hairs in a row near to the anterior clypeal margin. Most of clypeal surface with many erect hairs, which are shorter than the thick hairs. Body light brown, gaster dark brown, hairs lighter.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="19">Major worker.Measurements (mm) (n=2) HL1 1.44 - 1.46; HL2 0.92 - 0.94; HL3 0.37 - 0.39; HW 1.35; SL 1.17; EL 0.20 - 0.21; WL 1.60 - 1.83; PnL 0.59; PnW 0.88; ML 0.39; MW 0.49. Indices CI 92; SI1 104.34; SI2 58 - 68; OI 17.39.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="19">Description. Head bigger than that of the minor worker, squared with posterior corners angulate and posterior cephalic border slightly concave. Clypeus large, with rounded anterior margin. Toruli touching the posterior clypeal margin, never surpassing it. Scapes long, surpassing the posterior margin of the head. Ocelli present. Eyes well developed, located at mid line of head, with 11 ommatidia at their maximum diameter.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="19">Mesonotum conspicuously convex. Metanotal groove present. Metathoracic spiracles fully dorsal, tumuliform, bulging out of the metanotal groove in lateral view (Fig. 11). Propodeum strongly convex, unarmed. Propodeal spiracle near posteriopropodeal margin. Petiolar scale rounded and inclined forward.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="19">Head and gaster smooth and shiny. Mesosoma with very fine, dense longitudinal and oblique striations. Entire body, including antennae, legs, and palps with conspicuous erect and suberect pilosity that is longer on the dorsum. Long hairs in a row near anterior clypeal margin. Most of clypeal surface with abundant erect hairs, which are shorter than the thick hairs. Body light brown, gaster dark brown, hairs lighter colored.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="19">Queen.Lectotype measurement (mm) (n=1) HL1 1.61; HL2 0.42; HW 1.88; SL 1.54; EL 0.47; WL 4.04; PnL 2.21; PnW 2.19; ML 0.97; MW 1.59. Indices CI 116.17; SI1 82.27; OI 25.31.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">
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Description. Same as worker except for standard queen modifications and the following: abundant erect hairs and dense pubescence on entire body. There is a row
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<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="20" start="start">of</pageBreakToken>
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thick hairs near the anterior margin of clypeus, similar to the workers and abundant pubescence on the body (Fig. 13). Body dark brown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="20">Male.Paralectotype measurements (mm) (n=1) HL 0.31; EL 0.16; WL 0.88.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="20">Description. Scapes surpassing the posterior margin of the head, few erect hairs, and sparse pubescence on the body; some sparse long hairs on the tibiae. Head brown, mesosoma and gaster yellow. Penis valves longer than parameres in situ.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="20" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="20">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="20">
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Brazil: states of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
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, Santa Catharina,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Paulo and Rio de Janeiro.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="21" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="21">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="21" start="start">Remarks</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="21">
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The specimen from
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<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Paulo at Ubatuba, Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Núcleo">Nucleo</normalizedToken>
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Santa
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Virgínia">Virginia</normalizedToken>
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[USNM ENT 00757823] was collected in an area of relatively well-preserved mature forest with some remnants of primary forest where selective logging took place until 1970 (
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<bibRefCitation author="Magrini, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Zoologia" pageId="18" pageNumber="31" pagination="63 - 71" title="The effects of four types of anthropogenic disturbances on composition and abundance of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea)." url="10.1590/S1984-46702011000100010" volume="28" year="2011">Magrini et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
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). Habitat information is lacking for the other specimens.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |