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<mods:title id="337BEC22494B4ABBB19D278560A97308">Revision Of The Early Oligocene Flora Of Hrazený Hill (Formerly Pirskenberg) In Knížecí Near Šluknov, North Bohemia</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="925BDED563A0EE0A1678FED2AAB27A2D">Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Albertov 6, CZ - 128 43 Praha 2, the Czech Republic; e-mail: kvacek @ natur. cuni. cz;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="AF781E8CEF9ABBC2CF920A346CD216E0">Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Education, Magdalény Rettigové 4, CZ - 116 39 Praha 1, the Czech Republic; e-mail: vasilis. teodoridis @ pedf. cuni. cz;</mods:affiliation>
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<heading id="D08FBA0911483F43E4D3AF3F3A62FB97" box="[224,627,1106,1129]" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C7876E611483F43E4D3AF3F3A62FB97" authority="SAPORTA et MARION" authorityName="SAPORTA et MARION" box="[224,627,1106,1129]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Loasaceae" genus="Torreya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cornales" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bilinica">
<emphasis id="B90CD17711483F43E4D3AF3F3A62FB97" bold="true" box="[224,627,1106,1129]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B90CD17711483F43E4D3AF3F399EFB96" bold="true" box="[224,399,1106,1129]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Torreya bilinica</emphasis>
<smallCapsWord id="8D219BB911483F43E5A6AF3F39E7FB97" baselines="1123,1123" box="[405,502,1106,1129]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Saporta" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">SAPORTA</smallCapsWord>
et
<smallCapsWord id="8D219BB911483F43E625AF3F3A62FB97" baselines="1123,1123" box="[534,627,1106,1129]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Marion" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B90CD17711483F43E625AF3F3A62FB97" bold="true" box="[534,627,1106,1129]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">MARION</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC70D6511483F43E534AFEF3A5DFB67" blockId="5.[263,588,1154,1176]" box="[263,588,1154,1176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Pl. 1, Fig. 1416, Pl. 2, Fig. 68</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3625EEE11483F43E459AFDD3BF3FDE0" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC70D6511483F43E459AFDD3A8EFB18" blockId="5.[106,745,1200,1351]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
1866
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<emphasis id="B90CD17711483F43E4ECAFDD39BBFB38" box="[223,426,1200,1223]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Sequoia langsdorfii</emphasis>
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(non (
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)
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), p. 39, pro parte, pl. 13, fig. 9.
</paragraph>
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1876
<taxonomicName id="4C7876E611483F43E4ECAF9D3A70FAF9" authority="SAPORTA et MARION" authorityName="SAPORTA et MARION" box="[223,609,1264,1287]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Loasaceae" genus="Torreya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cornales" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bilinica">
<emphasis id="B90CD17711483F43E4ECAF9D3998FAF8" box="[223,393,1264,1287]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Torreya bilinica</emphasis>
<smallCapsWord id="8D219BB911483F43E5A3AF9D39FAFAF9" baselines="1281,1281" box="[400,491,1264,1287]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Saporta" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">SAPORTA</smallCapsWord>
et
<smallCapsWord id="8D219BB911483F43E638AF9D3A70FAF9" baselines="1281,1281" box="[523,609,1264,1287]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Marion" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">MARION</smallCapsWord>
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, p. 221.
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<paragraph id="8BC70D6511483F43E459AE7D3998FAB8" blockId="5.[106,745,1200,1351]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
1984
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<emphasis id="B90CD17711483F43E4ECAE7D3983FAD8" box="[223,402,1296,1319]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Torreya bilinica</emphasis>
<smallCapsWord id="8D219BB911483F43E5ADAE7D39EAFAD9" baselines="1313,1313" box="[414,507,1296,1319]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Saporta" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">SAPORTA</smallCapsWord>
et
<smallCapsWord id="8D219BB911483F43E610AE7D3A6AFAD9" baselines="1313,1313" box="[547,635,1296,1319]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Marion" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">MARION</smallCapsWord>
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; Kvaček, p. 478, fig. 56.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC70D6511483F43E4A3AE1D3AF2F91B" blockId="5.[106,745,1392,1764]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
Needles linear, up to
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long,
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wide, apex bluntly acute, with a single broad midrib, epidermis prosenchymatous, cells straight-walled, very narrow, ca. 1015 µm wide and more than 250 µm long, with blunt cuneate ends, abaxially papillate near stomatal bands, with two stomatal bands much more strongly papillate, ca. 120 µm wide, elliptic outlines of stomata barely visible under the thick papillate cover, stomata monocyclic, longitudinally aligned, otherwise scattered, not forming lines, guard cells sunken, with thinly demarcated elongate stomatal pit surrounded by a ring of ca. 8 subsidiary cells forming the broadly oval apparatus up to 80 µm wide and 110 µm long.
</paragraph>
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D i s c u s s i o n. The fossil record of needles of
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<emphasis id="B90CD17711483F43E6A5AD913AF9F8EC" box="[662,744,1788,1811]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Torreya</emphasis>
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from the
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was reviewed by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE9709411483F43E675AC713AF8F8CC" author="Kvacek, Z." box="[582,745,1820,1843]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" pagination="471 - 491" refId="ref21292" refString="Kvacek, Z. (1984): Tertiary taxads of NW Bohemia. - Acta Universitatis Carolinae, Geologica, 4 (1982): 471 - 491." type="journal article" year="1984">Kvaček (1984)</bibRefCitation>
who used evidence from epidermal anatomy to confirm the view of Saporta and Marion (1976) that the fragmentary twig from the Oligocene site of Žichov in North
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, which had been misidentified as
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<emphasis id="B90CD17711483F43E5B3ACF139C7F84C" box="[384,470,1948,1971]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Sequoia</emphasis>
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by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE9709411483F43E5CDACF13AF5F84C" author="Ettingshausen, C." box="[510,740,1948,1971]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 98" refId="ref20195" refString="Ettingshausen, C. v. (1866): Die fossile Flora des Tertiarbeckens von Bilin, I. - Separatum from Denkschriften der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klasse, 26: 1 - 98." type="journal article" year="1866">Ettingshausen (1866)</bibRefCitation>
, should belong to
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<emphasis id="B90CD17711483F43E517ACD13967F82C" box="[292,374,1980,2003]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Torreya</emphasis>
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in spite of the aberrant blunt apex of the needles. Similar rounded apices as in other occurrences of
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<emphasis id="B90CD17711483F43E4BAAC913928F7EC" box="[137,313,2044,2067]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Torreya bilinica</emphasis>
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at Seifhennersdorf and also at Knížecí appear in ancient representatives of the genus (
<taxonomicName id="4C7876E611483F43E6A7A3713C3CFF50" authority="FLORIN, 1958" authorityName="FLORIN" authorityYear="1958" box="[660,1069,152,2099]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Loasaceae" genus="Torreya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cornales" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B90CD17711483F43E6A7A3713B96FF50" box="[660,903,152,2099]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Torreya gracilis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE9709411483F43E7A7ABF53C3CFF50" author="Florin, R." box="[916,1069,152,175]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" pagination="257 - 402" refId="ref20313" refString="Florin, R. (1958): On Jurassic taxads and conifers from northwestern Europe and eastern Greenland. - Acta Horti Bergiani, 17 (10): 257 - 402." type="journal article" year="1958">
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, 1958
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) while the Neogene records (e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="EFE9709411483F43E707ABD53C11FF30" author="Kvacek, Z. &amp; Teodoridis, V. &amp; Gregor, H. - J." box="[820,1024,184,207]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 108" refId="ref21746" refString="Kvacek, Z., Teodoridis, V., Gregor, H. - J. (2008): The Pliocene leaf flora of Auenheim, Northern Alsace (France). - Documenta naturae, 155 (10): 1 - 108." type="journal article" year="2008">Kvaček et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
) share the cuspidate apex with all living species (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE9709411483F43E7BFABB53C1BFF10" author="Florin, R." box="[908,1034,216,239]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" pagination="31 - 39" refId="ref20271" refString="Florin, R. (1948): On the morphology and relationships of the Taxaceae. - Botanical Gazette, 110 (1): 31 - 39. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1086 / 335515" type="journal article" year="1948">Florin 1948</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE9709411483F43E020ABB53C8EFF10" author="Li, Jianhua &amp; Davis, C. C. &amp; Donogh, M. J. &amp; Kelley, S. &amp; Del Tredici, P." box="[1043,1183,216,239]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" pagination="275 - 281" refId="ref21993" refString="Li, Jianhua, Davis, C. C., Donogh, M. J., Kelley, S., Del Tredici, P. (2001): Phylogenetic relationship of Torreya (Taxaceae) inferred from sequence of nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS region. - Harvard Papers in Botany, 6 (1): 275 - 281." type="journal article" year="2001">Li et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
). The Palaeogene of North
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(Žichov
<bibRefCitation id="EFE9709411483F43E039AB953C88FEF0" author="Kvacek, Z." box="[1034,1177,248,271]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" pagination="471 - 491" refId="ref21292" refString="Kvacek, Z. (1984): Tertiary taxads of NW Bohemia. - Acta Universitatis Carolinae, Geologica, 4 (1982): 471 - 491." type="journal article" year="1984">Kvaček 1984</bibRefCitation>
, Kundratice
<bibRefCitation id="EFE9709411483F43E106AB953BD9FED0" author="Kvacek, Z. &amp; Walther, H." pageId="5" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref21894" refString="Kvacek, Z., Walther, H. (1998): The Oligocene volcanic flora of Kundratice near Litomerice, Ceske stredohori Volcanic complex (Czech Republic). - Acta Musei nationalis Pragae, Series B - historia naturalis, 54: 1 - 43." type="journal article" year="1998">Kvaček and Walther 1998</bibRefCitation>
, Matrý
<bibRefCitation id="EFE9709411483F43E000AA753D36FED0" author="Akhmetiev, M. &amp; Walther, H. &amp; Kvacek, Z." box="[1075,1319,280,303]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" refId="ref19450" refString="Akhmetiev, M., Walther, H., Kvacek, Z. (2009): Mid-latitude Palaeogene floras of Eurasia bound to volcanic setting and palaeoclimatic events - experience obtained from the Far East Russia (Sikhote-Alin') and Central Europe (Bohemian Massif). - Acta Musei nationalis Pragae," type="book" year="2009">Akhmetiev et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
, Roudníky
<bibRefCitation id="EFE9709411483F43E707AA553C18FEB0" author="Kvacek, Z. &amp; Teodoridis, V. &amp; Mach, K. &amp; Prikryl, T. &amp; Dvorak, Z." box="[820,1033,312,335]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" pagination="21 - 66" refId="ref21793" refString="Kvacek, Z., Teodoridis, V., Mach, K., Prikryl, T., Dvorak, Z. (2014): Tracing Eocene-Oligocene transition: a case study from North Bohemia. - Bulletin of Geosciences, 89 (1): 21 - 66." type="journal article" year="2014">Kvaček et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
, Knížecí present paper) and Saxony (Kleinsaubernitz
<bibRefCitation id="EFE9709411483F43E7CCAA353C80FE90" author="Walther, H." box="[1023,1169,344,367]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" pagination="61 - 174" refId="ref23552" refString="Walther, H. (1999): Die Tertiarflora von Kleinsaubernitz bei Bautzen. - Palaeontographica, Abteilung B, 249: 61 - 174." type="journal article" year="1999">Walther 1999</bibRefCitation>
, Seifhennersdorf
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) is the limited area of this species, which is not known elsewhere.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC70D6511483F43E769AAAA3BF3FDE0" blockId="5.[820,1459,455,543]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">M a t e r i a l. Fragmentary needles with cuticle structure, NM-G11508a, b, NM-G11509a, b, NM-G11510a, b, all with cuticle, EK 246.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>