277 lines
33 KiB
XML
277 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document id="1B962CF66FCBEE197015BD8676B3F39E" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4755.1.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="70aae18d-e6ec-4bb1-abe0-27d1f24fbab8" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3724261" ID-ZooBank="53E41147-52AA-4A16-BB69-3A9279A303AF" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1584968507449" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Barr, Cheryl B. & Shepard, William D." docDate="2020" docId="039CB74BFFD53A5EF9DFFC99FE6D9654" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4755.1.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4755 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Parygrus parallelus" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="111" masterDocId="FFA5CF33FFDE3A52F948FFB8FF87956E" masterDocTitle="Hiding in plain sight: rediscovery and review of Parygrus Erichson, 1847, with description of five new species from the Neotropics (Coleoptera: Byrrhoidea Dryopidae)" masterLastPageNumber="128" masterPageNumber="99" pageNumber="110" updateTime="1698730760387" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="89CF62F7AD73BB1D5F49B6D1F6D5024D">Hiding in plain sight: rediscovery and review of Parygrus Erichson, 1847, with description of five new species from the Neotropics (Coleoptera: Byrrhoidea Dryopidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DE7C118E18DD229B9C0F0BFCDACA5CDE">Barr, Cheryl B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1B021642A4F225C16ADA9548DB2422B8">Shepard, William D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="92A9700D9D96D05D361B153E5DA13BC6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="966E77A8CA631F82A487486DF56DB3D8">
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<mods:date id="F733A0D507F0B5F7827BAD89BC7BDDC7">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A958EA5CBDF9EED99979DEBB7DD9A882">2020-03-23</mods:number>
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<treatment id="039CB74BFFD53A5EF9DFFC99FE6D9654" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3730219" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162696913" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3730219" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039CB74BFFD53A5EF9DFFC99FE6D9654" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039CB74BFFD53A5EF9DFFC99FE6D9654" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="111" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">
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<subSubSection id="C32F55D6FFD53A59F9DFFC99FE9F9631" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8A065DFFD53A59F9DFFC99FDE29654" blockId="11.[151,613,800,863]" box="[151,613,800,827]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">
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<heading id="D0C2B131FFD53A59F9DFFC99FDE29654" bold="true" box="[151,613,800,827]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD53A59F9DFFC99FDE29654" authority="(Grouvelle, 1890)" baseAuthorityName="Grouvelle" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[151,613,800,827]" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Parygrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelus">
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<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD53A59F9DFFC99FDE29654" bold="true" box="[151,613,800,827]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">
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<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD53A59F9DFFC99FE019655" bold="true" box="[151,390,800,827]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">Parygrus parallelus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA47BACFFD53A59F8DDFC98FDDA9654" author="Grouvelle, A." box="[405,605,800,826]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" pagination="146" refId="ref21473" refString="Grouvelle, A. (1890) Deux especes nouvelle de parnides. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, Series 6, 10, 146." type="journal article" year="1890">Grouvelle, 1890</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8A065DFFD53A59F9DFFCFCFE9F9631" blockId="11.[151,613,800,863]" box="[151,280,836,863]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">(Figs 2, 11)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32F55D6FFD53A59F9DFFC35FADC9284" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B8A065DFFD53A59F9DFFC35FEF6917E" blockId="11.[151,1437,908,2027]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">
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<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD53A59F9DFFC35FE7A96C9" bold="true" box="[151,509,908,935]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">
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<typeStatus id="548EB8FFFFD53A59F9DFFC35FE8396C9" box="[151,260,909,935]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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specimen.
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<collectingCountry id="F32246CDFFD53A59F8C1FC34FE7E96C9" box="[393,505,908,935]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
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:
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</emphasis>
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“Theresopolis (Brésil)” (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA47BACFFD53A59FA53FC34FC5796C9" author="Grouvelle, A." box="[795,976,908,935]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" pagination="146" refId="ref21473" refString="Grouvelle, A. (1890) Deux especes nouvelle de parnides. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, Series 6, 10, 146." type="journal article" year="1890">Grouvelle 1890</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 146); “Theresopolis (
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<collectingRegion id="49F1C8BFFFD53A59FDAFFC34FA1696C9" box="[1255,1425,908,935]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
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). Collection Grouvelle.” (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA47BACFFD53A59F8ECFC08FDE396A4" author="Grouvelle, A." box="[420,612,944,970]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" pagination="177 - 216" refId="ref21501" refString="Grouvelle, A. (1896 a) Nitidulides, Colydiides, Cucujides et Parnides recoltes par M. E. Gounelle au Bresil et autres Clavicornes nouveaux d'Amerique. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 65, 177 - 216." type="journal article" year="1896">Grouvelle 1896a</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 216). Depository,
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<collectionCode id="ED249E98FFD53A59FA1DFC08FC2996A4" box="[853,942,944,970]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">MNHN</collectionCode>
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. The type was not examined; locality data is from the original and subsequent descriptions. The type could not be located at the
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<collectionCode id="ED249E98FFD53A59FD0FFC6BFB1A9683" box="[1095,1181,979,1005]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">MNHN</collectionCode>
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and its current whereabouts is unknown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8A065DFFD53A59F98FFBA0FF489114" blockId="11.[151,1437,908,2027]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">
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<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD53A59F98FFBA0FCFD915D" bold="true" box="[199,890,1048,1075]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">
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Additional specimens, photographic images (2).
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<collectingCountry id="F32246CDFFD53A59FA4DFBA0FCF2915D" box="[773,885,1048,1075]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
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:
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</emphasis>
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“Bresil / Theresop[olis] //
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<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD53A59FDEFFBA2FA8C915A" authorityName=", Erichson" authorityYear="1847" box="[1191,1291,1050,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Parygrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parygrus</taxonomicName>
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/ parallelus / Grouv. [handwritten]”. Depository,
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<collectionCode id="ED249E98FFD53A59FB6FFB85FD079139" box="[551,640,1085,1111]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">MNHN</collectionCode>
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. Only photographic images and label data from the photos were examined.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8A065DFFD53A59F98FFB3AFC1D90D9" blockId="11.[151,1437,908,2027]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">
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<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD53A59F98FFB3AFDEB91F3" bold="true" box="[199,620,1154,1181]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">Additional specimens examined (8).</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B5D0C00FFD53A59FB39FB3AFC1190D9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2579576866" collectingDate="1915" collectingDateMax="1938" collectingDateMin="1915" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="Coll. Van & H. E. Hinton & G. Lewis Coll." country="Brazil" county="Rio Jan" location="Coll. Van de Poll" municipality="Rio Jan" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" specimenCount="8">
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<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD53A59FB39FB3AFD6191F3" bold="true" box="[625,742,1154,1181]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">
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<collectingCountry id="F32246CDFFD53A59FB39FB3AFD6691F3" box="[625,737,1154,1181]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
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:
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</emphasis>
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“Brasil / Theres[opolis] //
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<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD53A59FD43FB3BFBE891F3" authorityName=", Erichson" authorityYear="1847" box="[1035,1135,1155,1181]" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Parygrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parygrus</taxonomicName>
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/ parallelus / Grouv. [handwritten]//
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<location id="8EEA5086FFD53A59F84FFB1EFE4191AE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039CB74BFFD53A5EF9DFFC99FE6D9654:8EEA5086FFD53A59F84FFB1EFE4191AE" box="[263,454,1190,1217]" country="Brazil" county="Rio Jan" municipality="Rio Jan" name="Coll. Van de Poll" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">
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<collectorName id="26C0638BFFD53A59F84FFB1EFEF691AF" box="[263,369,1190,1217]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">Coll. Van</collectorName>
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de Poll
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</location>
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/ 1937-744. //
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<collectorName id="26C0638BFFD53A59FB26FB1FFD7191AE" box="[622,758,1190,1217]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">H.E. Hinton</collectorName>
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/ collection. / B.M. 1977-566. [printed]” (
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<specimenCount id="9D33CDD4FFD53A59FD9CFB1EFAD391AE" box="[1236,1364,1190,1216]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
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; head, pronotum and abdomen missing); “Fry /
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<location id="8EEA5086FFD53A59FB22FB71FD42918D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039CB74BFFD53A5EF9DFFC99FE6D9654:8EEA5086FFD53A59FB22FB71FD42918D" box="[618,709,1225,1251]" country="Brazil" county="Rio Jan" municipality="Rio Jan" name="Rio Jan" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">Rio Jan</location>
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°. [handwritten] //
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<collectorName id="26C0638BFFD53A59FADCFB71FBBA918D" box="[916,1085,1225,1251]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">G. Lewis Coll.</collectorName>
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/
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<date id="FF8B209DFFD53A59FD1DFB70FB31918D" box="[1109,1206,1224,1251]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" value="1915" valueMax="1938">
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<collectingDate id="EFCFD975FFD53A59FD1DFB70FB31918D" box="[1109,1206,1224,1251]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" value="1915" valueMax="1938">1915-38</collectingDate>
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</date>
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. [printed]” (
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<specimenCount id="9D33CDD4FFD53A59FC0CFB71FF4B9069" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
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); “Beske // Fry /
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BEE9C27FFD53A59F8C1FB54FE659069" box="[393,482,1260,1287]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">Rio Jan</collectingMunicipality>
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°. [handwritten] // Fry Coll. / 1905-100. [printed]” (
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<specimenCount id="9D33CDD4FFD53A59FD56FB55FB279069" box="[1054,1184,1260,1287]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
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); “5797 // Beske // Fry /
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<collectingCounty id="62EB7ED1FFD53A59F9EEFAA8FE879044" box="[166,256,1296,1322]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">Rio Jan</collectingCounty>
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°. [handwritten] // Fry Coll. / 1905-100. [printed] //
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<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD53A59FA77FAA8FC249044" authorityName=", Erichson" authorityYear="1847" box="[831,931,1296,1322]" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Parygrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parygrus</taxonomicName>
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/ parallelus / Grouv. [handwritten]” (
|
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<specimenCount id="9D33CDD4FFD53A59FC0EFAA8FF4C9023" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
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; abdomen missing); “Weir // San / Paulo [handwritten] // Fry Coll. / 1905-100. [printed]” (
|
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<specimenCount id="9D33CDD4FFD53A59FDFFFA8BFABF9020" box="[1207,1336,1331,1358]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
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||
); “27079 // Weir // San / Paulo [handwritten] // Fry Coll. / 1905-100. [printed] //
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<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD53A59FAEFFAEFFB8C901F" authorityName=", Erichson" authorityYear="1847" box="[935,1035,1367,1393]" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Parygrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parygrus</taxonomicName>
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/ parallelus / [illegible word] Grouv [handwritten]” (
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<specimenCount id="9D33CDD4FFD53A59F807FAC1FE5690FD" box="[335,465,1401,1427]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
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; head and pronotum missing); “San / Paulo [handwritten] //
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<collectorName id="26C0638BFFD53A59FD37FAC1FAA090FD" box="[1151,1319,1401,1427]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">G. Lewis Coll.</collectorName>
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/
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<date id="FF8B209DFFD53A59FC77FAC0FA1B90FD" box="[1343,1436,1400,1427]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" value="1915" valueMax="1938">
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<collectingDate id="EFCFD975FFD53A59FC77FAC0FA1B90FD" box="[1343,1436,1400,1427]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" value="1915" valueMax="1938">1915-38</collectingDate>
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</date>
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[printed]” (
|
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<specimenCount id="9D33CDD4FFD53A59F85DFA25FE2490D8" box="[277,419,1436,1463]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
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; 1 abdomen missing). Depository,
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||
<collectionCode id="ED249E98FFD53A59FA60FA25FC1190D9" box="[808,918,1437,1463]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8A065DFFD53A59F98FFA07FC5493C0" blockId="11.[151,1437,908,2027]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD53A59F98FFA07FE4D90B4" bold="true" box="[199,458,1471,1498]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">Provisional diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
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The
|
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<typeStatus id="548EB8FFFFD53A59FB49FA78FDB690B4" box="[513,561,1472,1498]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen of
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<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD53A59FB8CFA79FCD790B4" baseAuthorityName="Grouvelle" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[708,848,1472,1498]" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Parygrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelus">
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<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD53A59FB8CFA79FCD790B4" box="[708,848,1472,1498]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">P. parallelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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is much longer (
|
||
<quantity id="4CCDABB8FFD53A59FD40FA78FBE190B4" box="[1032,1126,1472,1498]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="7.0">7–8 mm</quantity>
|
||
) than the length of the other species except for that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD53A59F8FAFA5CFDC29093" authorityName="Grouvelle" authorityYear="1896" box="[434,581,1508,1533]" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Parygrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angustatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD53A59F8FAFA5CFDC29093" box="[434,581,1508,1533]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">P. angustatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Considering that an image of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="548EB8FFFFD53A59FA8AFA5BFC759093" box="[962,1010,1507,1533]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">type</typeStatus>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD53A59FAB1FA5CFB029093" baseAuthorityName="Grouvelle" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[1017,1157,1507,1533]" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Parygrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD53A59FAB1FA5CFB029093" box="[1017,1157,1507,1533]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">P. parallelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was not available for examination, the following was observed from images of two non-types (Additional specimens, photographic images) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130E1AD8FFD53A59F9E8F991FF77932D" box="[160,240,1577,1603]" captionStart="FIGURES 8–11" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1948,1973]" captionTargetBox="[262,1376,247,1919]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[211,1376,237,1923]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 8–11. Parygrus species: 8) Parygrus angustatus, holotype: dorsal habitus; specimen labels; 9) Parygrus angustatus, false holotype: dorsal habitus; specimen labels; 10) Parygrus elateroides, holotype: dorsal habitus; specimen labels; 11) Parygrus parallelus, non-type: dorsal habitus; specimen labels (images 8, 10, 11 provided by the MNHN collection-Paris)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724269" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724269/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
) in comparison with the
|
||
<typeStatus id="548EB8FFFFD53A59FB46F992FDB9932A" box="[526,574,1578,1604]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">type</typeStatus>
|
||
image of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD53A59FBFAF992FCCF932D" authorityName="Grouvelle" authorityYear="1896" box="[690,840,1578,1603]" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Parygrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angustatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD53A59FBFAF992FCCF932D" box="[690,840,1578,1603]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">P. angustatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="130E1AD8FFD53A59FA11F991FC19932D" box="[857,926,1577,1603]" captionStart="FIGURES 8–11" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1948,1973]" captionTargetBox="[262,1376,247,1919]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[211,1376,237,1923]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 8–11. Parygrus species: 8) Parygrus angustatus, holotype: dorsal habitus; specimen labels; 9) Parygrus angustatus, false holotype: dorsal habitus; specimen labels; 10) Parygrus elateroides, holotype: dorsal habitus; specimen labels; 11) Parygrus parallelus, non-type: dorsal habitus; specimen labels (images 8, 10, 11 provided by the MNHN collection-Paris)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724269" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724269/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
): elytra sinuate laterally, margin explanate at basal third (vs. parallel-sided, not explanate); pronotum widest at base, lateral margins raised and widely explanate (vs. not raised nor explanate), without a median longitudinal carina (vs. with a carina); elytral striae and punctures distinct (vs. striae not distinct, effaced at posterior third, punctures small).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8A065DFFD53A59F98FF90DFADC9284" blockId="11.[151,1437,908,2027]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD53A59F98FF90DFE3893BE" bold="true" box="[199,447,1717,1744]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">General description.</emphasis>
|
||
Since we were unable to examine or view an image of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="548EB8FFFFD53A59FDCEF90EFB6C93BE" box="[1158,1259,1718,1744]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, only a limited description is possible based on the original descriptions (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA47BACFFD53A59FA7BF961FC60939D" author="Grouvelle, A." box="[819,999,1753,1779]" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" pagination="146" refId="ref21473" refString="Grouvelle, A. (1890) Deux especes nouvelle de parnides. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, Series 6, 10, 146." type="journal article" year="1890">Grouvelle 1890</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and images of other specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD53A59FCC0F962FE8E9278" baseAuthorityName="Grouvelle" baseAuthorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Parygrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD53A59FCC0F962FE8E9278" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">P. parallelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Grouvelle Collection that we assume are correctly identified. From a translation of the original Latin and French descriptions:
|
||
<quantity id="4CCDABB8FFD53A59F8BBF898FDD79254" box="[499,592,1824,1850]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="7.0">7–8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; elongate parallel; weakly convex; transverse carina between antennal insertions;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD53A59F85BF8FBFE079233" box="[275,384,1859,1885]" class="Trilobita" family="Styginidae" genus="Scutellum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Corynexochida" pageId="11" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">scutellum</taxonomicName>
|
||
pentagonal; pronotal anterior margin emarginate, lateral margins widely explanate and raised, fringed with long hairs; elytra not wider than pronotum, punctate-striate. To this we add that the elytral lateral margin is explanate at the basal third, that contrary to the description the elytra appear a little wider than the pronotum, and that it is not possible to see the transverse carina between the antennal insertions (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130E1AD8FFD53A59FD14F814FB2A92A9" box="[1116,1197,1964,1991]" captionStart="FIGURES 8–11" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1948,1973]" captionTargetBox="[262,1376,247,1919]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[211,1376,237,1923]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 8–11. Parygrus species: 8) Parygrus angustatus, holotype: dorsal habitus; specimen labels; 9) Parygrus angustatus, false holotype: dorsal habitus; specimen labels; 10) Parygrus elateroides, holotype: dorsal habitus; specimen labels; 11) Parygrus parallelus, non-type: dorsal habitus; specimen labels (images 8, 10, 11 provided by the MNHN collection-Paris)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724269" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724269/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="110">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
). The latter character is perhaps generic because the frons and clypeus are set at different angles forming a rounded ridge between.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32F55D6FFD23A5EF98FFF20FCEA95DD" box="[199,877,152,179]" pageId="12" pageNumber="111" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8A065DFFD23A5EF98FFF20FCEA95DD" blockId="12.[151,1437,152,827]" box="[199,877,152,179]" pageId="12" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD23A5EF98FFF20FEE695DD" bold="true" box="[199,353,152,179]" pageId="12" pageNumber="111">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32246CDFFD23A5EF82FFF20FE2995DC" box="[359,430,152,178]" name="Brazil" pageId="12" pageNumber="111">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, described from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F1C8BFFFD23A5EFB22FF20FC8C95DC" box="[618,779,152,178]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="12" pageNumber="111">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
|
||
(Fig. 2).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32F55D6FFD23A5EF98FFF05FF539594" pageId="12" pageNumber="111" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8A065DFFD23A5EF98FFF05FF539594" blockId="12.[151,1437,152,827]" pageId="12" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD23A5EF98FFF05FECB95B9" bold="true" box="[199,332,189,215]" pageId="12" pageNumber="111">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Grouvelle did not cite an etymology, but the specific epithet probably refers to the parallel-sided body.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32F55D6FFD23A5EF98FFEBCFE6D9654" pageId="12" pageNumber="111" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8A065DFFD23A5EF98FFEBCFEBE94E4" blockId="12.[151,1437,152,827]" pageId="12" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD23A5EF98FFEBCFEC89471" bold="true" box="[199,335,260,287]" pageId="12" pageNumber="111">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA47BACFFD23A5EF810FEBCFD9C9471" author="Grouvelle, A." box="[344,539,260,287]" pageId="12" pageNumber="111" pagination="146" refId="ref21473" refString="Grouvelle, A. (1890) Deux especes nouvelle de parnides. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, Series 6, 10, 146." type="journal article" year="1890">Grouvelle (1890)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
originally described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD23A5EFA45FEBDFC1B9470" baseAuthorityName="Grouvelle" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[781,924,260,286]" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Parygrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD23A5EFA45FEBDFC1B9470" box="[781,924,260,286]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="111">P. parallelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD23A5EFA8BFEBDFB939470" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1792" box="[963,1044,261,286]" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Parnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD23A5EFA8BFEBDFB939470" box="[963,1044,261,286]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="111">Parnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and subsequently moved it to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD23A5EFC3CFEBDFE3E942D" authority="(Grouvelle 1896 a)" baseAuthorityName="Grouvelle" baseAuthorityYear="1896" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Parygrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD23A5EFC3CFEBDFF67942C" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="111">Parygrus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA47BACFFD23A5EF9A7FE90FE36942D" author="Grouvelle, A." box="[239,433,296,323]" pageId="12" pageNumber="111" pagination="177 - 216" refId="ref21501" refString="Grouvelle, A. (1896 a) Nitidulides, Colydiides, Cucujides et Parnides recoltes par M. E. Gounelle au Bresil et autres Clavicornes nouveaux d'Amerique. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 65, 177 - 216." type="journal article" year="1896">Grouvelle 1896a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The original description in Latin is brief and was presented at a meeting of the Entomological Society of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32246CDFFD23A5EF82FFEF5FE309409" box="[359,439,333,359]" name="France" pageId="12" pageNumber="111">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The later description includes the verbatim original in Latin, as well as a more detailed one in French.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8A065DFFD23A5EF98FFE2CFBD0970C" blockId="12.[151,1437,152,827]" pageId="12" pageNumber="111">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="548EB8FFFFD23A5EF9B2FE2CFEDB94C0" box="[250,348,404,430]" pageId="12" pageNumber="111" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
could not be located in the MNHN. We were sent images of two specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD23A5EFD9BFE2DFAE694C0" baseAuthorityName="Grouvelle" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[1235,1377,404,430]" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Parygrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD23A5EFD9BFE2DFAE694C0" box="[1235,1377,404,430]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="111">P. parallelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD23A5EFC2FFE2CFAF794C1" bold="true" box="[1383,1392,404,431]" pageId="12" pageNumber="111">(</emphasis>
|
||
Additional specimens, photographic images), one of which is included here (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130E1AD8FFD23A5EFAA1FE00FBBB94BD" box="[1001,1084,440,467]" captionStart="FIGURES 8–11" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1948,1973]" captionTargetBox="[262,1376,247,1919]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[211,1376,237,1923]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 8–11. Parygrus species: 8) Parygrus angustatus, holotype: dorsal habitus; specimen labels; 9) Parygrus angustatus, false holotype: dorsal habitus; specimen labels; 10) Parygrus elateroides, holotype: dorsal habitus; specimen labels; 11) Parygrus parallelus, non-type: dorsal habitus; specimen labels (images 8, 10, 11 provided by the MNHN collection-Paris)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724269" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724269/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="111">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
), and one image of a series of specimens in a museum unit tray. Several of the specimens in the image bear locality label data which match that of the type locality. At least two pins (one pin bears multiple specimens) have determination labels with the same handwriting as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="548EB8FFFFD23A5EF823FD9CFE4A9750" box="[363,461,548,574]" pageId="12" pageNumber="111" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD23A5EF8B9FD9DFD029750" authorityName="Grouvelle" authorityYear="1896" box="[497,645,549,574]" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Parygrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angustatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD23A5EF8B9FD9DFD029750" box="[497,645,549,574]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="111">P. angustatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and possibly
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD23A5EFA55FD9DFC349750" authorityName=", Grouvelle" authorityYear="1896" box="[797,947,548,574]" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Parygrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elateroides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD23A5EFA55FD9DFC349750" box="[797,947,548,574]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="111">P. elateroides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but the labels do not bear the notation “ty.” in the lower left corner. If the type remains missing, a
|
||
<typeStatus id="548EB8FFFFD23A5EFBBEFDF0FCDA970C" box="[758,861,584,610]" pageId="12" pageNumber="111" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
should be designated.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8A065DFFD23A5EF98FFDD5FE6D9654" blockId="12.[151,1437,152,827]" pageId="12" pageNumber="111">
|
||
We were loaned a series of specimens from the NHMUK (Additional specimens examined), four of which were from the Fry Collection. Three of these bear determination labels with the same handwriting as the specimens labeled as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD23A5EF858FD0DFE1997A0" baseAuthorityName="Grouvelle" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[272,414,692,718]" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Parygrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD23A5EF858FD0DFE1997A0" box="[272,414,692,718]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="111">P. parallelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Grouvelle collection. Unfortunately, two of them are missing the pronotum (and head), where important diagnostic characters are located. The remaining determined specimen and another Fry specimen, both from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F1C8BFFFD23A5EF8CDFD44FDAE9678" box="[389,553,764,790]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="12" pageNumber="111">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
|
||
, closely resemble those in the MNHN images, as do two other specimens from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F1C8BFFFD23A5EF9DFFC99FE8F9654" box="[151,264,800,827]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="12" pageNumber="111">Sao Paulo</collectingRegion>
|
||
collected by Lewis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |