309 lines
39 KiB
XML
309 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document id="AD1D59AB6A8BEBECA01655A48D3F7DEB" ID-ISSN="11755334" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1627005272297" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Published, First" docDate="2008" docId="03DF87D2FF9CAB079EC8163547733BA1" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01804p456part1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1804" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C4791ACFF01C5C140D2C1A203DB3C9B0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.monograph" docStyleId="C4791ACFF01C5C140D2C1A203DB3C9B0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Corethrella (Corethrella) cardosoi Lane 1942" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="115" masterDocId="FFE6FFAAFFECAB759E5F1025465D3823" masterDocTitle="The Frog-Biting Midges of the World (Corethrellidae: Diptera)" masterLastPageNumber="456" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="113" updateTime="1699014769975" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="EAF6BC0354ECE62F821417BC22A17BE1">The Frog-Biting Midges of the World (Corethrellidae: Diptera)</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="18C010CF6B5655D338ADC4107565F900">
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<mods:date id="3D64FE2C97FA3A32B21ABCA65F213F2D">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="1B7E8E2DB8C24D3109E49176DE633C1A">2008-06-16</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="00D50068A63D7B94F13773B750773478">1804</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="348C08B62E3CC628F35D012C1C7C9028" type="ISSN">11755334</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03DF87D2FF9CAB079EC8163547733BA1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5126381" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5126381" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DF87D2FF9CAB079EC8163547733BA1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DF87D2FF9CAB079EC8163547733BA1" lastPageId="114" lastPageNumber="115" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">
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<subSubSection id="C36C654FFF9CAB059EC8163544263E09" box="[151,635,1552,1578]" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC936C4FF9CAB059EC8163544263E09" blockId="112.[151,635,1552,1578]" box="[151,635,1552,1578]" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">
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<heading id="D08181A8FF9CAB059EC8163544263E09" bold="true" box="[151,635,1552,1578]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FF9CAB059EC8163544263E09" ID-CoL="8BL5C" authority="Lane" authorityName="Lane" authorityYear="1942" box="[151,635,1552,1578]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cardosoi" subGenus="Corethrella">
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF9CAB059EC8163544263E09" bold="true" box="[151,635,1552,1578]" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF9CAB059EC81635477C3E09" bold="true" box="[151,289,1552,1578]" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Corethrella</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF9CAB059F6D163547E13E09" bold="true" box="[306,444,1552,1578]" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Corethrella</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF9CAB059F91163544693E09" bold="true" box="[462,564,1552,1578]" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">cardosoi</emphasis>
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Lane
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36C654FFF9CAB059EC8167344583EAF" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BC936C4FF9CAB059EC8167344583EAF" blockId="112.[151,1436,1621,1677]" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6611EAFF9CAB059EC8167344583EAF" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD710D5FF9CAB059EC8167344463E4F" author="Lane, J." box="[151,539,1621,1645]" page="118" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" year="1942">
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<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FF9CAB059EC8167344463E4F" ID-CoL="8BL5C" authority="Lane 1942: 118" authorityName="Lane" authorityPageNumber="118" authorityYear="1942" box="[151,539,1621,1645]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cardosoi">
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF9CAB059EC81673472E3E4E" box="[151,371,1622,1645]" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Corethrella cardosoi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B35FF9CAB059F25167044463E4F" author="Lane, J." box="[378,539,1621,1644]" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" refId="ref239970" refString="Lane, J. (1942) Dixinae e Chaoborinae. Revisao das especies neotropicas (Diptera, Culicidae)." type="book" year="1942">Lane 1942:118</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. Type locality: Casa Grande,
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<collectingRegion id="49B2F826FF9CAB059D0C167045E23E4F" box="[851,959,1621,1644]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3617654FF9CAB059D95167042533E4F" box="[970,1038,1621,1644]" name="Brazil" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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.
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<typeStatus id="54CD8866FF9CAB059A41167042DC3E4F" box="[1054,1153,1621,1644]" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<specimenCount id="9D70FD4DFF9CAB059AD9167242CB3E44" box="[1158,1174,1623,1639]" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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(DEFS).
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD710D5FF9CAB059B5D167043C53E4F" author="Lane, J." box="[1282,1432,1621,1644]" page="86" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" year="1953">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B35FF9CAB059B5D167043C53E4F" author="Lane, J." box="[1282,1432,1621,1644]" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" refId="ref240052" refString="Lane, J. (1953) Neotropical Culicidae. Volume 1. University of Sao Paulo, Brazil, 548 pp." type="book" year="1953">Lane 1953:86</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD710D5FF9CAB059EC8165344583EAF" author="Lane, J." box="[151,517,1653,1677]" page="117" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" year="1942">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FF9CAB059EC8165344583EAF" ID-CoL="8BL6J" authority=": Lane 1942: 117" authorityName=": Lane" authorityPageNumber="117" authorityYear="1942" box="[151,517,1653,1677]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lopesi">
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF9CAB059EC81653470A3EAE" box="[151,343,1654,1677]" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Corethrella lopesi</emphasis>
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||
:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B35FF9CAB059F3A165044583EAF" author="Lane, J." box="[357,517,1653,1676]" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" refId="ref239970" refString="Lane, J. (1942) Dixinae e Chaoborinae. Revisao das especies neotropicas (Diptera, Culicidae)." type="book" year="1942">Lane 1942:117</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36C654FFF9CAB049EC8169645CE3971" lastPageId="113" lastPageNumber="114" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BC936C4FF9CAB049EC8169645CE3971" blockId="112.[151,1436,1715,2021]" lastBlockId="113.[151,1437,152,2020]" lastPageId="113" lastPageNumber="114" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">
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DIAGNOSIS:
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF9CAB059F0D169647893EEF" box="[338,468,1715,1740]" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Male adult</emphasis>
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: only extant species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FF9CAB059CA6169645DD3EEF" box="[761,896,1715,1740]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF9CAB059CA6169645DD3EEF" box="[761,896,1715,1740]" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Corethrella</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
in the New World with a distinct midlength wing band (Fig. 63E), thorax medium to dark brown (as in
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<figureCitation id="134D2A41FF9CAB059D1016FE45E63ED6" box="[847,955,1755,1781]" captionStart="FIGURE 48" captionStartId="354.[151,255,2014,2038]" captionTargetBox="[177,1406,203,1979]" captionTargetId="figure-28@354.[177,1410,197,1987]" captionTargetPageId="354" captionText="FIGURE 48. Thoraces and legs of female Corethrella, lateral view." pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Fig. 48D</figureCitation>
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), midfemur dark brown and equal to that of base of hind femur, base of hind tibia darkly pigmented (contrasting with pale apex of hind femur) and both basal and apical dark brown pigmentation discrete (as in
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<figureCitation id="134D2A41FF9CAB059D68170E45F93F66" box="[823,932,1835,1861]" captionStart="FIGURE 48" captionStartId="354.[151,255,2014,2038]" captionTargetBox="[177,1406,203,1979]" captionTargetId="figure-28@354.[177,1410,197,1987]" captionTargetPageId="354" captionText="FIGURE 48. Thoraces and legs of female Corethrella, lateral view." pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Fig. 48D</figureCitation>
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), midfemur without scales, segment 8 pale and contrasting against light brown segment 7 and dark brown segment 9, base of gonocoxite and segment nine equally dark brown, gonocoxite uniformly dark brown (Fig. 78H), gonocoxite short and squat, and aedeagus apex pointed (Fig. 90D).
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF9CAB059C41178644953F9F" box="[542,712,1955,1980]" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Female adult:</emphasis>
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||
only extant species of
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FF9CAB059DB31786422F3F9F" box="[1004,1138,1955,1980]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF9CAB059DB31786422F3F9F" box="[1004,1138,1955,1980]" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Corethrella</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
in the New World with clypeus nearly square (
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<figureCitation id="134D2A41FF9CAB059FFC17EE44523FC6" box="[419,527,1995,2021]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="324.[151,255,1947,1971]" captionTargetBox="[177,1410,299,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-33@324.[177,1411,197,1921]" captionTargetPageId="324" captionText="FIGURE 18. Clypei of female Corethrella. Lateral setae, even if present, are not shown." pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Fig. 18A</figureCitation>
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), palpal segment 3 relatively short (
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<figureCitation id="134D2A41FF9CAB059DEF17EE427C3FC6" box="[944,1057,1995,2021]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="340.[151,255,1947,1971]" captionText="FIGURE 34. Right palpi of female Corethrella." pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Fig. 34M</figureCitation>
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), flagellomeres 2 and 3 elongate (
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<figureCitation id="134D2A41FF9DAB049EC010BD47563891" box="[159,267,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="335.[151,255,1947,1971]" captionTargetBox="[197,1396,238,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-20@335.[177,1411,197,1921]" captionTargetPageId="335" captionText="FIGURE 29. Antennae of female Corethrella." pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Fig. 29B</figureCitation>
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), flagellomeres 3, 9–12 each with a single sensillum coeloconicum, a distinct midlength wing band and more basal darker scales restricted to C (Fig. 69F), thorax medium or dark brown (
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<figureCitation id="134D2A41FF9DAB049AC210E5435638F9" box="[1181,1291,192,218]" captionStart="FIGURE 48" captionStartId="354.[151,255,2014,2038]" captionTargetBox="[177,1406,203,1979]" captionTargetId="figure-28@354.[177,1410,197,1987]" captionTargetPageId="354" captionText="FIGURE 48. Thoraces and legs of female Corethrella, lateral view." pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Fig. 48D</figureCitation>
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), halter pale and lighter than scutellum, midfemur dark brown and equal to that of base of hind femur, midfemur slender and without scales, base of hind tibia darkly pigmented (contrasting with pale apex of hind femur) and with hind tibia with discrete basal and apical pigmentation (
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<figureCitation id="134D2A41FF9DAB049D47111D45DB3971" box="[792,902,312,338]" captionStart="FIGURE 48" captionStartId="354.[151,255,2014,2038]" captionTargetBox="[177,1406,203,1979]" captionTargetId="figure-28@354.[177,1410,197,1987]" captionTargetPageId="354" captionText="FIGURE 48. Thoraces and legs of female Corethrella, lateral view." pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Fig. 48D</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36C654FFF9DAB049E991145478E3F3F" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC936C4FF9DAB049E99114543033DFF" blockId="113.[151,1437,152,2020]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">
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DESCRIPTION:
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF9DAB049FC511454444395A" box="[410,537,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Male adult</emphasis>
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. Descriptive statistics: see
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<tableCitation id="C6F4037FFF9DAB049D08114545873959" box="[855,986,352,378]" captionStart-0="TABLE 2" captionStart-1="TABLE 3" captionStart-2="TABLE 4" captionStart-3="TABLE 5" captionStartId-0="269.[151,241,151,175]" captionStartId-1="271.[151,241,153,177]" captionStartId-2="273.[151,241,151,175]" captionStartId-3="275.[151,241,151,175]" captionText-0="TABLE 2. Length of wing of males of species of Corethrella. Values are in mm." captionText-1="TABLE 3. Ratio of foreleg tarsomeres 3/4 of males of species of Corethrella." captionText-2="TABLE 4. Ratio of distance of dorsomedial seta from the gonocoxite base/length of the gonocoxite of males of species" captionText-3="TABLE 5. Ratio of distance of subbasal seta from the gonostylus base/ length of the gonostylus of males of species of Corethrella." pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Tables 2–5</tableCitation>
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.
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF9DAB049DB3117A4272395A" bold="true" box="[1004,1071,351,377]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Head</emphasis>
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: Outline in anterior view laterally elongate (as in
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<figureCitation id="134D2A41FF9DAB049FDD11AD47B23981" box="[386,495,392,418]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="316.[151,255,1947,1971]" captionTargetBox="[177,1410,251,1904]" captionTargetId="figure-28@316.[177,1411,197,1921]" captionTargetPageId="316" captionText="FIGURE 10. Head capsules of female Corethrella, anterior view." pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Fig. 10C</figureCitation>
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). Two large setae on frons between ventromedial area of ommatida (as in
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<figureCitation id="134D2A41FF9DAB049B3211AD469539E9" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="322.[151,255,1947,1971]" captionTargetBox="[177,1410,349,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-31@322.[177,1411,197,1921]" captionTargetPageId="322" captionText="FIGURE 16. Dorsal portion of head capsules of female Corethrella, anterior view." pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Fig. 16F</figureCitation>
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||
). Antenna light brown, with basal portion of flagellomere 1 dark brown; pedicel with at least one distinctive, more elongate, stout, dorsal or dorsolateral seta; flagellomeres as in
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<figureCitation id="134D2A41FF9DAB049A5D11FD423139D1" box="[1026,1132,472,498]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="328.[151,255,1947,1971]" captionTargetBox="[208,1396,238,1921]" captionTargetId="figure-25@328.[177,1411,197,1921]" captionTargetPageId="328" captionText="FIGURE 22. Antennae of male Corethrella." pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Fig. 22B</figureCitation>
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||
, sensilla coeloconica distributed as in
|
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<tableCitation id="C6F4037FFF9DAB049F63122547C83A39" box="[316,405,512,538]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="265.[151,241,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 1. Pattern of sensilla coeloconica (= s.c.) on antennal flagellomeres of species of Corethrella. Numbers refer to the flagellomere with sensilla coeloconica, with those in brackets referring to flagellomeres with or without sensilla coeloconica. Mis. (missing) refers to damaged specimens, unknown refers to missing stages, uncertain refers to specimens in which visibility was too poor to be certain of whether sensilla coeloconica were present or not. Those species names with a “†” are those of fossils. Corethrella librata, known only as immature stages, is not included." pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Table 1</tableCitation>
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; flagellomere 13 with well-developed apical bifurcation. Palpus pale, with segment 5 light brown; segment 3 somewhat ovoid, swollen at or near midlength.
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF9DAB049DB7120242183A62" bold="true" box="[1000,1093,551,577]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Thorax</emphasis>
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(as in
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<figureCitation id="134D2A41FF9DAB049AC9120D435E3A61" box="[1174,1283,552,578]" captionStart="FIGURE 48" captionStartId="354.[151,255,2014,2038]" captionTargetBox="[177,1406,203,1979]" captionTargetId="figure-28@354.[177,1410,197,1987]" captionTargetPageId="354" captionText="FIGURE 48. Thoraces and legs of female Corethrella, lateral view." pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Fig. 48D</figureCitation>
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): Medium or dark brown, pale sclerites around base of wing, scutellum with darker anteromedial spot. Prescutal suture elongate, interrupted by area of pale cuticle. Posterior portion of dorsocentral row with 2 elongate setae situated somewhat lateral to one another. Prescutal suture elongate, interrupted by area of pale cuticle. Anterior anepisternum divided diagonally by sinuous suture, dorsal portion about equal to ventral portion. Ventral portion of posterior anepisternum triangular, uniformly brown, with anterodorsal margin thick.
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||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF9DAB049A8E12CA43483B2A" bold="true" box="[1233,1301,751,777]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Wing</emphasis>
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(Fig. 63E): Apex of R
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<subScript id="17F23481FF9DAB049F48130D47423B15" attach="left" box="[279,287,808,822]" fontSize="6" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">2</subScript>
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basal to apex of M
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<subScript id="17F23481FF9DAB049C4E130D44443B15" attach="left" box="[529,537,808,822]" fontSize="6" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">1</subScript>
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. Anterior margin with differently, discretely pigmented scales (indicating anterior margin of midlength band), with midlength band, with more basal darker scales on C; veins (other than costa and wing margin) well-developed scales. Halter pale, lighter than scutellum.
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF9DAB049A86134F434E3BA7" bold="true" box="[1241,1299,874,900]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Legs</emphasis>
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(as in
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<figureCitation id="134D2A41FF9DAB049B32134F46933B8F" captionStart="FIGURE 48" captionStartId="354.[151,255,2014,2038]" captionTargetBox="[177,1406,203,1979]" captionTargetId="figure-28@354.[177,1410,197,1987]" captionTargetPageId="354" captionText="FIGURE 48. Thoraces and legs of female Corethrella, lateral view." pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Fig. 48D</figureCitation>
|
||
): Medium or dark brown with knees of fore-, midleg pale, hind femur with apical 0.6 pale, hind tibia with discrete basal and apical dark brown pigmentation. With only slender setae, lacking scales (except for some in patch of whip-like setae on posterior portion of hind tibia). Midleg with thick, subapical setae on each of at least tarsomeres 1–3. Apices of fore-, midleg fifth tarsomeres undivided, with claws slightly subapical to apical (as in Fig. 75F). Claw of foreleg longer than those of mid-, hind leg. Each claw without inner tooth. Anterior claws of each leg without a basal prong. Foreleg claws unequal. Midleg claws equal. Foreleg third tarsomere shorter than fourth tarsomere. Empodia slender.
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF9DAB049D0B14A745933CBF" bold="true" box="[852,974,1154,1180]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig. 78H): Light brown, with sternites 1–2 darker, sternites 3–6 each darker anteriorly, segment 8 pale, segment 9 medium brown.
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF9DAB049AB8148F43073CE7" bold="true" box="[1255,1370,1194,1220]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig. 90D): Gonocoxite medium brown, strongly tapering; anteromedial area with spicules similar in length to those elsewhere on gonocoxite; with well-defined dorsal row of setae, with seta 2 thicker than others, with row restricted to dorsal portion of gonocoxite. With one dorsomedial stout seta, more or less of even thickness for most of length, tapering near apex. Gonostylus (in retracted position) gently curved, slender, of more or less equal thickness for entire length, somewhat expanded apically, apex rounded; one elongate, slender subbasal seta, situated anteriorly or anteroventrally; apical seta slender, elongate, simple. Aedeagus slender, elongate, tapering gradually to apex, slightly rounded apically, with lateral margins separate subapically.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936C4FF9DAB049E9915CE45E73ED7" blockId="113.[151,1437,152,2020]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF9DAB049E9915CE47393E27" box="[198,356,1515,1540]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Female adult</emphasis>
|
||
. Descriptive statistics: see
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6F4037FFF9DAB049CEB15CF451A3E27" box="[692,839,1514,1540]" captionStart-0="TABLE 6" captionStart-1="TABLE 7" captionStart-2="TABLE 8" captionStart-3="TABLE 9" captionStart-4="TABLE 10" captionStart-5="TABLE 11" captionStartId-0="277.[151,241,153,177]" captionStartId-1="280.[151,241,153,177]" captionStartId-2="283.[151,241,153,177]" captionStartId-3="286.[151,241,151,175]" captionStartId-4="289.[151,239,153,177]" captionStartId-5="292.[151,241,153,177]" captionText-0="TABLE 6. Length of wing of females of species of Corethrella. Values are in mm." captionText-1="TABLE 7. Ratio of length of R1/wing length of females of species of Corethrella." captionText-2="TABLE 8. Ratio of head capsule width/height of females of species of Corethrella." captionText-3="TABLE 9. Number of setae on the clypeus of females of species of Corethrella. The number does not include those" captionText-4="TABLE 10. Number of posterior anepisternal setae of females of species of Corethrella." captionText-5="TABLE 11. Number of anepimeral setae of females of species of Corethrella." pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Tables 6–11</tableCitation>
|
||
. As for male, with following differences.
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF9DAB049B0E15CF43C93E27" bold="true" box="[1361,1428,1514,1540]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Head</emphasis>
|
||
: Coronal suture short, extending ventrally about midway along area between ommatidia (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="134D2A41FF9DAB049B7C163743D23E0F" box="[1315,1423,1554,1580]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="322.[151,255,1947,1971]" captionTargetBox="[177,1410,349,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-31@322.[177,1411,197,1921]" captionTargetPageId="322" captionText="FIGURE 16. Dorsal portion of head capsules of female Corethrella, anterior view." pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Fig. 16F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Antenna medium brown, with basal half of flagellomere 1 dark brown; with flagellomeres as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="134D2A41FF9DAB049AA8161F433D3E77" box="[1271,1376,1594,1620]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="335.[151,255,1947,1971]" captionTargetBox="[197,1396,238,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-20@335.[177,1411,197,1921]" captionTargetPageId="335" captionText="FIGURE 29. Antennae of female Corethrella." pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Fig. 29B</figureCitation>
|
||
, sensilla coeloconica distributed as in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6F4037FFF9DAB049C62164744C73E5F" box="[573,666,1634,1660]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="265.[151,241,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 1. Pattern of sensilla coeloconica (= s.c.) on antennal flagellomeres of species of Corethrella. Numbers refer to the flagellomere with sensilla coeloconica, with those in brackets referring to flagellomeres with or without sensilla coeloconica. Mis. (missing) refers to damaged specimens, unknown refers to missing stages, uncertain refers to specimens in which visibility was too poor to be certain of whether sensilla coeloconica were present or not. Those species names with a “†” are those of fossils. Corethrella librata, known only as immature stages, is not included." pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
. Clypeus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134D2A41FF9DAB049D71164745C03E5F" box="[814,925,1634,1660]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="324.[151,255,1947,1971]" captionTargetBox="[177,1410,299,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-33@324.[177,1411,197,1921]" captionTargetPageId="324" captionText="FIGURE 18. Clypei of female Corethrella. Lateral setae, even if present, are not shown." pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Fig. 18A</figureCitation>
|
||
) squarish. Mandible with small, slightly rounded teeth. Palpus as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="134D2A41FF9DAB049FB816AF44073E87" box="[487,602,1674,1700]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="340.[151,255,1947,1971]" captionText="FIGURE 34. Right palpi of female Corethrella." pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Fig. 34M</figureCitation>
|
||
, either similar to male or entirely medium brown.
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF9DAB049A9216AF434C3E87" bold="true" box="[1229,1297,1674,1700]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Wing</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig. 69F).
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF9DAB049EC81697468F3EEF" bold="true" box="[151,210,1714,1740]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
: Claws of each leg equal to those of others; equal on each leg, simple (without inner teeth).
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF9DAB049B45169743C93EEF" bold="true" box="[1306,1428,1714,1740]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
: Dark brown, with segments 8–9 slightly darker. Cercus dark brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936C4FF9DAB049E991726478E3F3F" blockId="113.[151,1437,152,2020]" box="[198,467,1794,1820]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF9DAB049E991726471F3F3F" box="[198,322,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Immatures</emphasis>
|
||
. Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36C654FFF9DAB079E99170F45F53AB1" lastPageId="114" lastPageNumber="115" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936C4FF9DAB049E99170F47653F9F" blockId="113.[151,1437,152,2020]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1E3C99FF9DAB049E99170F476E3F9F" country="Brazil" elevation="603" location="Brazil" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" specimenCount="603">
|
||
DISTRIBUTION AND BIONOMICS:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FF9DAB049CC2170E45CC3F67" authorityName="Lane" authorityYear="1942" box="[669,913,1835,1860]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cardosoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF9DAB049CC2170E45CC3F67" box="[669,913,1835,1860]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Corethrella cardosoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known only from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CD8866FF9DAB049AEF170F42BF3F67" box="[1200,1250,1834,1860]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3617654FF9DAB049B38170F46E93F4F" name="Brazil" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Fig. 123) at an altitude of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D70FD4DFF9DAB049FAE1777441F3F4F" box="[497,578,1874,1900]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="4C8E9B21FF9DAB049FAE177744633F4F" box="[497,574,1874,1900]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.029999999999999" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" unit="m" value="603.0">
|
||
<elevation id="005BD1F7FF9DAB049FAE177744633F4F" box="[497,574,1874,1900]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.029999999999999" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" unit="m" value="603.0">603 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
The method of collection is unknown. The teeth on the female mandible appear to be somewhat reduced (or perhaps worn?), suggesting the possibility that the females of this species may not feed
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936C4FF9DAB079E9917EF47213971" blockId="113.[151,1437,152,2020]" lastBlockId="114.[151,1436,152,898]" lastPageId="114" lastPageNumber="115" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">
|
||
TAXONOMIC DISCUSSION: Males and females were associated through the shared presence of a shared pigmentation pattern and were collected together. There may be two species represented here. Of the
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D70FD4DFF9EAB079EC810E5474738F9" box="[151,282,192,218]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" type="female">two female</specimenCount>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CD8866FF9EAB079F7C10E547CE38F9" box="[291,403,192,218]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
examined, one had a primarily pale palpus (with segment 5 light brown) and the other had a medium to dark brown palpus, suggesting that two species may be present. In addition, the latter female may have had a dark halter but the single halter present was folded against the thorax and I couldn’t be certain of its pigmentation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936C4FF9EAB079E991145426739D1" blockId="114.[151,1436,152,898]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CD8866FF9EAB079EA41145473C3959" box="[251,353,352,378]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
was in poor condition. It was originally on a pin with the badly damaged genitalia mounted on a glass coverslip and attached to the pin. The entire specimen is now on a microscope slide but is missing its wings and all left legs. A sketch of the male genitalia, probably made by Lane, was also on the pin and has also been glued to the microscope slide. The male
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CD8866FF9EAB079CB111FD450E39D1" box="[750,851,472,498]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
is missing its head.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936C4FF9EAB079E99122545F53AB1" blockId="114.[151,1436,152,898]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B35FF9EAB079E99122547083A39" author="Lane, J." box="[198,341,512,538]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" refId="ref239970" refString="Lane, J. (1942) Dixinae e Chaoborinae. Revisao das especies neotropicas (Diptera, Culicidae)." type="book" year="1942">Lane (1942)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
designated an
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CD8866FF9EAB079C5B1225443F3A39" box="[516,610,512,538]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D70FD4DFF9EAB079CC5122545593A39" box="[666,772,512,538]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" type="male">one male</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D70FD4DFF9EAB079D63122545F23A39" box="[828,943,512,538]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" type="female">11 female</specimenCount>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CD8866FF9EAB079DE9122542773A39" box="[950,1066,512,538]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
. I have examined the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CD8866FF9EAB079B71122543CA3A39" box="[1326,1431,512,538]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D70FD4DFF9EAB079EC8120D475E3A61" box="[151,259,552,578]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" type="male">one male</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D70FD4DFF9EAB079F60120D479E3A61" box="[319,451,552,578]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" type="female">two female</specimenCount>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CD8866FF9EAB079F92120D44603A61" box="[461,573,552,578]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
and there are
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D70FD4DFF9EAB079CB5120D45C03A61" box="[746,925,552,578]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" type="generic" typeStatus="paratypes">three paratypes</specimenCount>
|
||
in the BMNH which I did not study. One additional female
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CD8866FF9EAB079F311275478E3A49" box="[366,467,592,618]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
is here identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FF9EAB079C91127545383A4A" authorityName="Borkent" authorityYear="2008" box="[718,869,592,617]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atricornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF9EAB079C91127545383A4A" box="[718,869,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">C. atricornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The remainder appear to be missing. A male
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CD8866FF9EAB079EC8125D46A13AB1" box="[151,252,632,658]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FF9EAB079F7C125D47D63AB2" authorityName=": Lane" authorityYear="1942" box="[291,395,632,657]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lopesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF9EAB079F7C125D47D63AB2" box="[291,395,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">C. lopesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is identified here as a member of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FF9EAB079D45125D45FC3AB2" authorityName="Lane" authorityYear="1942" box="[794,929,632,657]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cardosoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF9EAB079D45125D45FC3AB2" box="[794,929,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">C. cardosoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36C654FFF9EAB079E99128547733BA1" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936C4FF9EAB079E99128547C63B11" blockId="114.[151,1436,152,898]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1E3C99FF9EAB079E99128547C63B11" collectingDate="1940-09-15" collectionCode="DEFS, USNM, BMNH" collectorName="S. Paulo Casa Grande" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" specimenCount="8" specimenCount-female="4" specimenCount-male="4" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
MATERIAL EXAMINED:
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CD8866FF9EAB079C7C128544CE3A99" box="[547,659,672,698]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, adult male on microscope slide, labeled “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FF9EAB079AFB128546893AC1" authority="Lane" authorityName="Lane" authorityYear="1942" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cardosoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF9EAB079AFB128543C13A9A" box="[1188,1436,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">Corethrella cardosoi</emphasis>
|
||
Lane
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 41”, “holotipo”, “
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D70FD4DFF9EAB079FF012EE47E23AF8" box="[431,447,715,731]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
”, “
|
||
<collectorName id="26835312FF9EAB079FB712ED44B53AC1" box="[488,744,712,738]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">S. Paulo Casa Grande</collectorName>
|
||
, Bar. & Galv. Col. XII-40”, “S274 T 2736” (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED67AE01FF9EAB079AAE12ED43623AC1" box="[1265,1343,712,738]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/tb11-8j4v" name="Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">DEFS</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D70FD4DFF9EAB079B0612ED43223AF8" box="[1369,1407,712,738]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D70FD4DFF9EAB079BD212ED46FA3B20" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CD8866FF9EAB079EF112D547433B29" box="[174,286,752,778]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
labeled as for
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CD8866FF9EAB079F9512D5446D3B29" box="[458,560,752,778]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D70FD4DFF9EAB079C1D12D6440F3B20" box="[578,594,755,771]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED67AE01FF9EAB079C3F12D544F63B29" box="[608,683,752,778]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/tb11-8j4v" name="Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">DEFS</collectionCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D70FD4DFF9EAB079CE812D544833B20" box="[695,734,752,778]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED67AE01FF9EAB079CB312D5451B3B29" box="[748,838,752,778]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D70FD4DFF9EAB079D0512D545DD3B20" box="[858,896,752,778]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CD8866FF9EAB079DD012D545A83B29" box="[911,1013,752,778]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FF9EAB079A4212D542213B2A" box="[1053,1148,752,777]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lopes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF9EAB079A4212D542213B2A" box="[1053,1148,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">C. lopes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
i), from type locality but
|
||
<date id="FFC81004FF9EAB079EC8133D477C3B11" box="[151,289,792,818]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" value="1940-09-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8CE9ECFF9EAB079EC8133D477C3B11" box="[151,289,792,818]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" value="1940-09-15">15-IX-1940</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED67AE01FF9EAB079F6E133D47CD3B11" box="[305,400,792,818]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936C4FF9EAB079E99136547733BA1" blockId="114.[151,1436,152,898]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">
|
||
DERIVATION OF SPECIFIC EPITHET: The name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FF9EAB079D6F136545C83B7A" authorityName="Lane" authorityYear="1942" box="[816,917,832,857]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cardosoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF9EAB079D6F136545C83B7A" box="[816,917,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">cardosoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was named for Dr. Francisco A. Cardoso by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B35FF9EAB079EC8134D47773BA1" author="Lane, J." box="[151,298,872,898]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" refId="ref239970" refString="Lane, J. (1942) Dixinae e Chaoborinae. Revisao das especies neotropicas (Diptera, Culicidae)." type="book" year="1942">Lane (1942)</bibRefCitation>
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||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
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</treatment>
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</document> |