169 lines
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169 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.478.8057" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f3493113-35ec-4c31-b7cc-b32cd9c717e2" ID-PMC="PMC4319052" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-478-45" ID-PubMed="25685010" ID-ZBK="EC360FAF6BF94FEF96DAF336302D1789" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-478-45" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 478" ModsDocTitle="Phylogeny and biogeography of Asthenopodinae with a revision of Asthenopus, reinstatement of Asthenopodes, and the description of the new genera Hubbardipes and Priasthenopus (Ephemeroptera, Polymitarcyidae)" checkinTime="1451244725713" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Molineri, Carlos, Salles, Frederico F. & Peters, Janice G." docDate="2015" docId="4CACDEA9C60F5CA00E025568EEA7A960" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 478: 45-128" docOrigin="ZooKeys 478" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.478.8057" docTitle="Asthenopus angelae de Souza & Molineri" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="95" masterDocId="FFBFFF8FFFA98B3E3C274356FFB0EE6C" masterDocTitle="Phylogeny and biogeography of Asthenopodinae with a revision of Asthenopus, reinstatement of Asthenopodes, and the description of the new genera Hubbardipes and Priasthenopus (Ephemeroptera, Polymitarcyidae)" masterLastPageNumber="128" masterPageNumber="45" pageNumber="92" updateTime="1668159874580" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Phylogeny and biogeography of Asthenopodinae with a revision of Asthenopus, reinstatement of Asthenopodes, and the description of the new genera Hubbardipes and Priasthenopus (Ephemeroptera, Polymitarcyidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Molineri, Carlos</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Salles, Frederico F.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Peters, Janice G.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>478</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>45</mods:start>
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<mods:end>128</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.478.8057</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.478.8057</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-478-45</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">EC360FAF6BF94FEF96DAF336302D1789</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">EC360FAF6BF94FEF96DAF336302D1789</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152058041" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4CACDEA9C60F5CA00E025568EEA7A960" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4CACDEA9C60F5CA00E025568EEA7A960" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="95" pageId="47" pageNumber="92">
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<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="92" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="92">Taxon classification Animalia Ephemeroptera Polymitarcyidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="92" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="92">
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<taxonomicName authority="de Souza & Molineri" class="Insecta" family="Polymitarcyidae" genus="Asthenopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asthenopus angelae" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angelae">Asthenopus angelae de Souza & Molineri</taxonomicName>
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Figs 4D, 14B, F, 15
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<normalizedToken originalValue="F–G">F-G</normalizedToken>
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, 16
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<normalizedToken originalValue="J–K">J-K</normalizedToken>
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, 17D, 18B
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="94" pageId="48" pageNumber="93" type="material">
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<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="93">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="48" pageNumber="93" start="start">Material</pageBreakToken>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="94" pageId="48" pageNumber="93">
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(see
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<bibRefCitation author="De-Souza, MR" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="51" pageNumber="96" pagination="45 - 52" title="The adults and nymphs of Asthenopus angelae new species (Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcyidae) from Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil and Colombia." volume="3399" year="2012">de Souza and Molineri 2012</bibRefCitation>
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). Additional records: 13 nymphs (including 3 male and 1 female pharate subimago) from BRAZIL, Amazonas,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Codajás">Codajas</normalizedToken>
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, Urucurizinho,
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<pageBreakToken pageId="49" pageNumber="94" start="start">Lago</pageBreakToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Cuxuará">Cuxuara</normalizedToken>
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(A10-lago Aquapi 14), 15.ix.2003 (slides IBN645CM and IBN646CM) (aprox.
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-3.9166667">S 3°55'</geoCoordinate>
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−
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-62.05">W 62°3'</geoCoordinate>
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); and 1 pharate male subimago from BRAZIL, Amazonas,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Paulo de
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Olivença">Olivenca</normalizedToken>
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, Bom Sucesso (A02-agapito), 9.iv.2003 (slide IBN606CM) (aprox.
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-3.4666667">S 3°28'</geoCoordinate>
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−
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-68.98333">W 68°59'</geoCoordinate>
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). Deposited in INPA (4 nymphs), CZNC (6 nymphs), IBN (3 nymphs).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="95" pageId="49" pageNumber="94" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="94">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="95" pageId="49" pageNumber="94">
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Only one autapomorphy was recovered in our analysis for
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Polymitarcyidae" genus="Asthenopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asthenopus angelae" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angelae">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="50" pageNumber="95" start="start">Asthenopus</pageBreakToken>
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angelae
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</taxonomicName>
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, a change in the ratio A (total length forceps)/E(basal width) from 6.2 to 6.5-7.1 (i.e., forceps become slightly slender). This species can be recognized by the following combination of characters: 1) FW size male 7.0-10.0 mm (Fig. 16
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<normalizedToken originalValue="J–K">J-K</normalizedToken>
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), female 12.0-17.0 mm; 2) ratio FW/foreleg length 1.4-1.6; 3) pronotum width/length ratio: 2.0-2.2 (male), 2.2-2.9 (female); 4) 5-11 imv present in male FW, relatively short and poorly anastomosed; 5) male FW with 1-4 cross veins between Rs and MA basal to Rs fork; 6) ratio total length/basal width of forceps 6.5-7.1 (Fig. 17D); 7) penes tubular, with well developed thumb, curved ventro-medially, with apex projecting acutely, furrow separating penial lobe from thumb reduced or absent (Fig. 17D), pedestals subrectangular to subovate, relatively large; 8) female sternum VIII with anteromedian keel and reduced sockets similar to other species; 9) eggs (Fig. 18B) with 3-5 threads on polar caps, ratio maximum width of egg/maximum width of PC 1.1-1.3, chorion with smooth area around rounded disks; 10) nymph, ratio total length of mandible / mandibular tusk length 1.6; 11) space between the subbasal and the submedian tubercles relatively long and straight (Fig. 14B).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="95" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="95">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="95">Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia and Peru.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="95" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="95">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="95">
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This species was recently described from all the stages (
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<bibRefCitation author="De-Souza, MR" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="51" pageNumber="96" pagination="45 - 52" title="The adults and nymphs of Asthenopus angelae new species (Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcyidae) from Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil and Colombia." volume="3399" year="2012">de Souza and Molineri 2012</bibRefCitation>
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), and in our analysis it appears as sister to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Polymitarcyidae" genus="Asthenopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asthenopus magnus" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">Asthenopus magnus</taxonomicName>
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, but with relatively low support. In the original description, nymphs and female adults were not distinguished from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Polymitarcyidae" genus="Asthenopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asthenopus curtus" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curtus">Asthenopus curtus</taxonomicName>
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, because of lack of characters. We proposed (above in diagnosis) some characters that should be checked and confirmed with the study of more material. We suggest that specific identification of this and the other species of the genus should be confirmed when possible with the study of male genitalia. Peru was mentioned by
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<bibRefCitation author="De-Souza, MR" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="51" pageNumber="96" pagination="45 - 52" title="The adults and nymphs of Asthenopus angelae new species (Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcyidae) from Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil and Colombia." volume="3399" year="2012">de Souza and Molineri (2012)</bibRefCitation>
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in the list of material but not in the distribution, so here it is added in that section.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="50" pageNumber="95">
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="95">Figure 21. Optimization of selected continuous characters. A Char. 1 (1.416 steps) Ratio length second foretarsal segment/foretibia B Char. 27 (3.791 steps) Nymph, width of tusk as ratio between length of tusk (T) / width of tusk at the base (W) C Char. 13 (23.811 steps) Ratio A(total length forceps)/E(basal width). Arrows indicate increments or decrease in the characters (up and bottom directed arrows, respectively); red arrows indicate a marked change for the node.</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="50" pageNumber="95">
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="95">Figure 22. Optimization of selected continuous characters. A Char. 0 (3.873 steps) Ratio subapical width of foretibia/subbasal width of tarsal segment 2 B Char. 5 (2.344 steps) Ratio length FW/HW C Char. 2 (4.148 steps) Ratio FW/foreleg length D Char. 18 (2.225 steps) female prothorax, width/length. Arrows indicate increments or decrease in the characters (up and bottom directed arrows, respectively); red arrows indicate a marked change for the node.</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="50" pageNumber="95">
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="95">
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Figure 23. World map indicating the distribution of the three subfamilies in
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<taxonomicName family="Polymitarcyidae" lsidName="" pageId="50" pageNumber="95" rank="family">Polymitarcyidae</taxonomicName>
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. Additionally, barriers 1 (separating the genus
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Polymitarcyidae" genus="Asthenopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asthenopus" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Asthenopus</taxonomicName>
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vs
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Polymitarcyidae" genus="Povilla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Povilla" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Povilla</taxonomicName>
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+
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Polymitarcyidae" genus="Languidipes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Languidipes" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Languidipes</taxonomicName>
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) and 2 (separating
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Polymitarcyidae" genus="Povilla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Povilla" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Povilla</taxonomicName>
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from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Polymitarcyidae" genus="Languidipes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Languidipes" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Languidipes</taxonomicName>
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) found in the biogeographical analysis are marked.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="50" pageNumber="95">
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="95">
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Figure 24. Map of South America (in part) showing the distribution of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Polymitarcyidae" genus="Asthenopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asthenopus" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Asthenopus</taxonomicName>
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species. Barrier 3 found in the biogeographical analysis separates
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Polymitarcyidae" genus="Asthenopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asthenopus guarani" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guarani">Asthenopus guarani</taxonomicName>
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from the remaining species in the genus. Barrier 4 (see detail at left bottom) separates
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Polymitarcyidae" genus="Asthenopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asthenopus hubbardi" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hubbardi">Asthenopus hubbardi</taxonomicName>
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from the rest; and Barrier 5 separates
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Polymitarcyidae" genus="Asthenopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asthenopus magnus" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">Asthenopus magnus</taxonomicName>
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from its sister
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Polymitarcyidae" genus="Asthenopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asthenopus angelae" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angelae">Asthenopus angelae</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="50" pageNumber="95">
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="95">
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Figure 25. Map of South America (in part) showing the distribution of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Polymitarcyidae" genus="Asthenopodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asthenopodes" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Asthenopodes</taxonomicName>
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species. Barrier 6 found in the biogeographical analysis separates
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Polymitarcyidae" genus="Asthenopodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asthenopodes chumuco" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chumuco">Asthenopodes chumuco</taxonomicName>
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from the remaining species in the genus.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |