641 lines
55 KiB
XML
641 lines
55 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.866.27647" ID-GBIF-Dataset="614a4678-0c21-4c95-b476-06eca2135de5" ID-PMC="PMC6669218" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-866-127" ID-Pensoft-UUID="AB1FE7B92B5A59EEB514F24D611E7DFB" ID-PubMed="31388326" ID-ZooBank="991E9C30B8E147498E7B8C3E9D07392A" ModsDocID="1313-2970-866-127" checkinTime="1564043535412" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Goldstein, Paul Z., Janzen, Daniel H. & Hallwachs, Winnie" docDate="2019" docId="EC3458FE42795D958B3C2FF30A546975" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 866: 127-145" docOrigin="ZooKeys 866" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.866.27647" docTitle="Aprica patula Druce 1898, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="137" masterDocId="0F25810FF967FFF2FF9CC346FFD3FD02" masterDocTitle="Aprica: a new genus and life history for the pteridivore Xanthia patula Druce, 1898 (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)" masterLastPageNumber="145" masterPageNumber="127" pageNumber="130" updateTime="1668167619071" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Aprica: a new genus and life history for the pteridivore Xanthia patula Druce, 1898 (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Goldstein, Paul Z.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Janzen, Daniel H.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Hallwachs, Winnie</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>866</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>127</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>145</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.866.27647</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.866.27647</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-866-127</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">991E9C30B8E147498E7B8C3E9D07392A</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">AB1FE7B92B5A59EEB514F24D611E7DFB</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159292928" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EC3458FE42795D958B3C2FF30A546975" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EC3458FE42795D958B3C2FF30A546975" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="137" pageId="3" pageNumber="130">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="130" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="130">
|
||
<taxonomicName LSID="ec3458fe-4279-5d95-8b3c-2ff30a546975" authority="Druce, 1898" authorityName="Druce" authorityYear="1898" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aprica" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aprica patula" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patula">Aprica patula (Druce, 1898)</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="3" pageNumber="130">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–10" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 10. Dorsal habitus of Aprica patula, males (left, 1 - 5) and females (right, 6 - 10). 1 USNMENT 01463599, 05 - SRNP- 48763 2 USNMENT 01463665, 05 - SRNP- 2726 3 USNMENT 01463894 4 USNMENT 01463893 5 USNMENT 01463658, 14 - SRNP- 80751 6 USNMENT 01463798, 10 - SRNP- 44267 7 USNMENT 01463999, 11 - SRNP- 42773 8 USNMENT 01463895, 07 - SRNP- 46182 9 USNMENT 01463671, 08 - SRNP- 104889 10 USNMENT 01463571." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.866.27647.figures1-10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/320449" pageId="3" pageNumber="130">Figs 1-10</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 11–20" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 11 - 20. Ventral habitus of Aprica patula, males (left, 11 - 15) and females (right, 16 - 20). 11 USNMENT 01463599 05 - SRNP- 48763 12 USNMENT 01463665 05 - SRNP- 2726 13 USNMENT 01463894 14 USNMENT 01463893 15 USNMENT 01463658 14 - SRNP- 80751 16 USNMENT 01463798 10 - SRNP- 44267 17 USNMENT 01463999 11 - SRNP- 42773 18 USNMENT 01463895 07 - SRNP- 46182 19 USNMENT 01463671 08 - SRNP- 104889 20 USNMENT 01463571." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.866.27647.figures11-20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/320450" pageId="3" pageNumber="130">11-20</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 21. Forewing, hind wing. male, USNMENT 01463577, Dissection 148371." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.866.27647.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/320451" pageId="3" pageNumber="130">21</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 22, 23" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 22, 23. Male genitalia. 22 Valvae, USNMENT 01463556, 06 - SRNP- 102550, Dissection 148362 23 Valvae (ink) USNMENT 01441902, 09 - SRNP- 107666, Dissection 148312." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.866.27647.figures22-23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/320452" pageId="3" pageNumber="130">22, 23</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 24–27" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 24 - 27. Male genitalia. 24 - 26 Vesica, from 3 angles, USNMENT 01463556, 06 - SRNP- 102550, Dissection 148362 27 Vesica (ink), USNMENT 01441902, 09 - SRNP- 107666, Dissection 148312." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.866.27647.figures24-27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/320453" pageId="3" pageNumber="130">24-27</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 28–29" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 28 - 29. Female genitalia. 29 USNMENT 01463999, 11 - SRNP- 42773, Dissection 148174 (ink) 30 USNMENT 01463999, 10 - SRNP- 46180, Dissection 148173." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.866.27647.figures28-29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/320454" pageId="3" pageNumber="130">28-29</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 30–37" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 30 - 37. Larvae, brown, last instar. 31 USNMENT 01463599, 05 - SRNP- 48763 ♂ DHJ 408116 32 SNMENT 01463665 05 - SRNP- 2726 ♂ DHJ 402483 33 USNMENT 01463599, 05 - SRNP- 48763 ♂ DHJ 408117 34 USNMENT 01463599, 05 - SRNP- 48763 ♂ DHJ 408121 35 USNMENT 01463599, 05 - SRNP- 48763 ♂ DHJ 408123 36 USNMENT 01463599, 05 - SRNP- 48763 ♂ DHJ 408124 37 USNMENT 01463599, 05 - SRNP- 48763 ♂ DHJ 408125 38 USNMENT 01463599, 05 - SRNP- 48763 ♂ DHJ 408126." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.866.27647.figures30-37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/320455" pageId="3" pageNumber="130">30-37</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 38–45" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 38 - 45. Larvae, green, penultimate instar. 39 05 - SRNP- 48764 DHJ 408129 40 USNMENT 01463798, 10 - SRNP- 44267 ♀ DHJ 478607 41 05 - SRNP- 48764 DHJ 408127 42 USNMENT 01463798, 10 - SRNP- 44267 ♀ DHJ 478603 43 USNMENT 01463798, 10 - SRNP- 44267 ♀ DHJ 478606 44 USNMENT 01463798, 10 - SRNP- 44267 ♀ DHJ 478605 45 USNMENT 01463798, 10 - SRNP- 44267 ♀ DHJ 478608 46 05 - SRNP- 48764 DHJ 408128." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.866.27647.figures38-45" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/320456" pageId="3" pageNumber="130">38-45</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 46–53" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figures 46 - 53. Young larvae, cocoon and pupa 46 - 49, 51 - 53 14 - SRNP- 71583 46 DHJ 723850 47 DHJ 723852 48 DHJ 723855 49 DHJ 723892 50 Ichneumonid cocoon, 11 - SRNP- 69437, DHJ 804089 51 DHJ 723898 52 DHJ 723899 53 DHJ 723901." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.866.27647.figures46-53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/320457" pageId="3" pageNumber="130">46-53</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="130" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="130">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Xanthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xanthia patula" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patula">Xanthia patula</taxonomicName>
|
||
Druce, 1898 in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Godman, FD" journalOrPublisher="Taylor and Francis, London" pageId="12" pageNumber="139" refId="B6" refString="Godman, FD, Salvin, O, 1898. Biologia Centrali-Americana; or Contributions to the Knowledge of the Fauna of Mexico and Central America. Zoology. Lepidoptera. Heterocera by H. Druce. Volume 2. . Taylor and Francis, London" title="Biologia Centrali-Americana; or Contributions to the Knowledge of the Fauna of Mexico and Central America. Zoology. Lepidoptera. Heterocera by H. Druce. Volume 2." year="1898">Godman and Salvin 1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 486, pl. 94, fig. 14; Hampson, 1908: 597, pl. 121, fig. 23; Ferguson, 1997: 348.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="130">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Bagisara" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bagisara patula" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patula">Bagisara patula</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Poole, 1989: 154.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="130" type="holotype locality">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="130">Holotype locality.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="130">Costa Rica, Santa Clara Valley [BMNH].</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="134" pageId="3" pageNumber="130" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="130">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="131" pageId="3" pageNumber="130">
|
||
38♂, 16♀
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="130">COSTA RICA</emphasis>
|
||
(34♂, 15♀): The following label data precede individual unique voucher codes of the format yy-SRNP-xxxxxx (SRNP
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="131" start="start">=</pageBreakToken>
|
||
Santa Rosa National Park, a unique identifier coined when the inventory was confined to Sector Santa Rosa of ACG in the early 1980's) on all reared and light-trapped specimens from ACG (24♂, 9♀): Voucher: D.H. Janzen & W. Hallwachs DB: http://janzen.sas.upenn.edu Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, COSTA RICA.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="131">
|
||
All records of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“on”">"on"</normalizedToken>
|
||
a given plant species refer definitively to "feeding on." Specimens lacking food plant records were light trapped in the forest and have a 6-digit suffix in their SRNP codes, while reared specimens have a 1-5-digit suffix.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="134" pageId="4" pageNumber="131">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="131">Alajuela Province</emphasis>
|
||
: Area de Conservacion Guanacaste (9♂, 4♀):
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="131">Males</emphasis>
|
||
: Sector Rincon Rain Forest: Estacion Caribe (melina),
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.8956" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="10.8956">10.8956</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.29558" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.29558">-85.29558</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 391m: 11/09/2007, F. Quesada & R. Franco, collector, 07-SRNP-110152, USNMENT01463558; Sector Rincon Rain Forest: Estacion Caribe (melina),
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.8956" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="10.8956">10.8956</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.29558" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.29558">-85.29558</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 391m: 11/10/2007, F. Quesada & R. Franco, collector, 07-SRNP-110402, USNMENT01463615; Sector Rincon Rain Forest: Jabalina, Manta Pizote,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.97325" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.97325">10.97325</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.31542" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.31542">-85.31542</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 288m: 09/30/2008, S. Rios & H. Cambronero, collector, 08-SRNP-107404, USNMENT01463664; Sector Rincon Rain Forest: Jacobo,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.94076" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.94076">10.94076</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.3177" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-85.3177">-85.3177</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 461m: larva on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Blechnaceae" genus="Salpichlaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salpichlaena volubilis" order="Polypodiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="volubilis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="131">Salpichlaena volubilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 06/16/2014, ecl. 07/19/2014, Edwin Apu, collector, 14-SRNP-80751, USNMENT01463658; Sector Rincon Rain Forest: Manta Hugo,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.8811" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="10.8811">10.8811</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.2677" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-85.2677">-85.2677</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 491m: 03/14/2009, H. Cambronero & R. Franco, collector, 10-SRNP-107506, USNMENT01463699; Sector Rincon Rain Forest: Protrero Chaves,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.93868" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.93868">10.93868</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.32167" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.32167">-85.32167</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 433m: 8/19/2009, F. Quesada & H. Cambronero, collector, 09-SRNP-107666, Dissection 148312, USNMENT01441902; Quebrada Bambu,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.9301" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="10.9301">10.9301</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.25205" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.25205">-85.25205</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 109m: larva on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Lomariopsidaceae" genus="Lomariopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lomariopsis vestita" order="Polypodiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vestita">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="131">Lomariopsis vestita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 09/18/2012, ecl. 10/13/2012, Cirilo
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Umaña">Umana</normalizedToken>
|
||
, collector, 12-SRNP-76932, USNMENT01463565; Sector San Cristobal: Estacion San Gerardo,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.88009" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.88009">10.88009</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.38887" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.38887">-85.38887</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 575m: 04/29/2006, H. Cambronero & S. Rios, collector, 06-SRNP-103767, USNMENT01463650; Sendero Carmona,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.87621" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.87621">10.87621</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.38632" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.38632">-85.38632</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 670m: larva on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Thelypteris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thelypteris nicaraguensis" order="Polypodiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nicaraguensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="131">Thelypteris nicaraguensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 05/16/2005, ecl. 06/07/2005, Gloria Sihezar, collector, 05-SRNP-2726, USNMENT01463665.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="131">Females</emphasis>
|
||
: Sector Rincon Rain Forest: Sendero Rincon,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.8962" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="10.8962">10.8962</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.27769" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.27769">-85.27769</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 430m: larva on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Blechnaceae" genus="Salpichlaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salpichlaena volubilis" order="Polypodiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="volubilis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="131">Salpichlaena volubilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 03/23/2011, ecl. 04/23/2011, Jose Perez, collector, 11-SRNP-41357, USNMENT01463594; Sector Rincon Rain Forest: San Lucas,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.91847" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.91847">10.91847</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.30338" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.30338">-85.30338</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 320m: larva on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Thelypteris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thelypteris nicaraguensis" order="Polypodiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nicaraguensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="131">Thelypteris nicaraguensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 6/8/2011, ecl. 6/27/2011, Jorge Hernandez, collector, 11-SRNP-42773, Dissection 148174, USNMENT01463999; Quebrada Escondida,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.89928" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.89928">10.89928</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.27486" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.27486">-85.27486</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 420m: larva on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Thelypteris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thelypteris nicaraguensis" order="Polypodiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nicaraguensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="131">Thelypteris nicaraguensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 11/16/2010, ecl. 12/16/2010, Anabelle Cordoba, collector, 10-SRNP-44267, USNMENT01463798; Sector San Cristobal: Estacion San Gerardo,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.88009" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.88009">10.88009</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.38887" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.38887">-85.38887</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 575m: 04/30/2006, S. Rios & F. Quesada, collector, 06-SRNP-103899, USNMENT01463696.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="131">Guanacaste Province</emphasis>
|
||
: Area de Conservacion Guanacaste (15♂, 7♀):
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="131">Males</emphasis>
|
||
: Sector Cacao: Cuesta Caimito,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.8908" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="10.8908">10.8908</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.47192" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.47192">-85.47192</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 640m: larva on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Pteridaceae" genus="Pteris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pteris plumula" order="Polypodiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="131" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plumula">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="131">Pteris plumula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 11/13/2007, ecl. 12/07/2007, Manuel Pereira, collector, 07-SRNP-47084, USNMENT01463600; Sector Cacao: Estacion Gongora,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.88449" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.88449">10.88449</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.47306" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.47306">-85.47306</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 557m: 09/12/2007, R. Franco & S. Rios, collector, 07-SRNP-111179, USNMENT01463585; Sector Cacao: Estacion Gongora,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.88449" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.88449">10.88449</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.47306" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.47306">-85.47306</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 557m: 09/12/2007, R. Franco &
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="132" start="start">S</pageBreakToken>
|
||
. Rios, collector, 07-SRNP-111178, USNMENT01463617; Sector Cacao: Gongora Bananal,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.88919" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.88919">10.88919</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.47609" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.47609">-85.47609</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 600m: larva on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Pteridaceae" genus="Pteris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pteris plumula" order="Polypodiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="132" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plumula">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="132">Pteris plumula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 10/25/2005, ecl. 11/19/2005, Manuel Pereira, collector, 05-SRNP-48763, USNMENT01463599; Sector Cacao: Quebrada Otilio,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.88996" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.88996">10.88996</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.47966" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.47966">-85.47966</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 550m: larva on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Pteridaceae" genus="Pteris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pteris plumula" order="Polypodiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="132" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plumula">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="132">Pteris plumula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 09/17/2007, ecl. 10/11/2007, Manuel Pereira, collector, 07-SRNP-46183, USNMENT01463543; Sector Cacao: Quebrada Otilio,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.88996" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.88996">10.88996</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.47966" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.47966">-85.47966</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 550m: larva on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Pteridaceae" genus="Pteris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pteris plumula" order="Polypodiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="132" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plumula">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="132">Pteris plumula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 09/17/2007, ecl. 10/08/2007, Manuel Pereira, collector, 07-SRNP-46186, USNMENT01463693; Sector Cacao: Quebrada Otilio,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.88996" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.88996">10.88996</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.47966" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.47966">-85.47966</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 550m: larva on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Pteridaceae" genus="Pteris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pteris plumula" order="Polypodiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="132" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plumula">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="132">Pteris plumula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 09/17/2007, ecl. 10/07/2007, Dunia Garcia, collector, 07-SRNP-46181; Sector Cacao: Toma de Agua,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.92956" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.92956">10.92956</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.46512" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.46512">-85.46512</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 1160m: 08/09/2010, S. Rios & R. Franco, collector, 10-SRNP-112086, USNMENT01463590; Sector Pailas: Canopy Tours,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.81262" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.81262">10.81262</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.40248" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.40248">-85.40248</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 700m: 9/30/2016, H.Cambronero&R.Franco, collector, 16-SRNP-106142, USNMENT01464165; Sector Pailas: Canopy Tours,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.81262" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.81262">10.81262</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.40248" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.40248">-85.40248</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 700m: 06/11/2008, H. Cambronero & F. Quesada, collector, 08-SRNP-103411, USNMENT01463691; Sector Pitilla: Colocho,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="11.0256" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="11.0256">11.0256</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.41224" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.41224">-85.41224</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 390m: 03/19/2007, H. Cambronero & F. Quesada, collector, 07-SRNP-102458, USNMENT01463603; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Pitilla,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.98931" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.98931">10.98931</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.42581" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.42581">-85.42581</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 675m: 03/01/2006, S. Rios & R. Franco, collector, 06-SRNP-102362, USNMENT01463573; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Pitilla,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.98931" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.98931">10.98931</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.42581" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.42581">-85.42581</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 675m: 03/02/2006, R. Franco & F. Quesada, collector, 06-SRNP-102550, Dissection 148362, USNMENT01463556; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.99679" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.99679">10.99679</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.39695" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.39695">-85.39695</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 487m: 08/29/2008, S. Rios & R. Franco, collector, 08-SRNP-105409, USNMENT01463651; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.99679" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.99679">10.99679</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.39695" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.39695">-85.39695</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 487m: 08/29/2008, S. Rios & R. Franco, collector, 08-SRNP-105410, USNMENT01463621.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="132">Females</emphasis>
|
||
: Sector Cacao: Quebrada Otilio,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.88996" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.88996">10.88996</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.47966" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.47966">-85.47966</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 550m: larva on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Pteridaceae" genus="Pteris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pteris plumula" order="Polypodiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="132" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plumula">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="132">Pteris plumula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 09/17/2007, ecl. 10/08/2007, Manuel Pereira, collector, 07-SRNP-46187, USNMENT01463536; Sector Cacao: Quebrada Otilio,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.88996" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.88996">10.88996</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.47966" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.47966">-85.47966</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 550m: larva on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Pteridaceae" genus="Pteris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pteris plumula" order="Polypodiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="132" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plumula">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="132">Pteris plumula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 9/17/2007, ecl. 10/8/2007, Manuel Pereira, collector, 07-SRNP-46182, USNMENT01463895; Sector Cacao: Quebrada Otilio,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.88996" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.88996">10.88996</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.47966" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.47966">-85.47966</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 550m: larva on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Pteridaceae" genus="Pteris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pteris plumula" order="Polypodiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="132" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plumula">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="132">Pteris plumula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 09/17/2007, ecl. 10/11/2007, Manuel Pereira, collector, 07-SRNP-46185; Sector Cacao: Quebrada Otilio,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.88996" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.88996">10.88996</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.47966" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.47966">-85.47966</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 550m: larva on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Pteridaceae" genus="Pteris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pteris plumula" order="Polypodiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="132" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plumula">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="132">Pteris plumula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 9/17/2007, ecl. 10/12/2007, Dunia Garcia, collector, 07-SRNP-46180, Dissection 148173, USNMENT01463897; Sector Cacao: Roca Verde,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.89354" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.89354">10.89354</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.43603" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.43603">-85.43603</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 835m: 08/12/2007, R. Franco & F. Quesada, collector, 07-SRNP-108036, USNMENT01463587; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Pitilla,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.98931" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.98931">10.98931</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.42581" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.42581">-85.42581</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 675m: 02/28/2006, S. Rios & H. Cambronero, collector, 06-SRNP-101627, USNMENT01463623; Sector Pitilla: Pasmompa,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="11.02666" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="11.02666">11.02666</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.41026" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.41026">-85.41026</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, el. 400m: 07/31/2008, R. Franco & S. Rios, collector, 08-SRNP-104889, USNMENT01463671.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="132">Other</emphasis>
|
||
(10♂,4♀):
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="132">Males</emphasis>
|
||
: COSTA RICA: Juan Vinas, Schaus & Barnes, coll., USNMENT01463893; COSTA RICA: Cartago, Orosi Estacion Tapanti Parque, 9 456' N, -83 471' W, 4062", July 7-9 2008, 1275m, J. Bolling Sullivan, collector, Dissection 148364, USNMENT01463654; same data, USNMENT01463683;
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="133" start="start">same</pageBreakToken>
|
||
data, USNMENT01463630; COSTA RICA: Cartago, Orosi Estacion, Tapanti Parque, LN-559900-194000, 1275 m, February 12-17, 2005, J. Bolling Sullivan, collector, USNMENT01463894; COSTA RICA: Cartago, Orosi Estaction, Tapani Parque, LN-559900-194000, 1275 m, February 12-17, 2005, J. Bolling Sullivan, collector, Dissection 148371, USNMENT01463577; same data, USNMENT01463681; COSTA RICA: Tuis, May 28-June 4, Schaus and Barnes, collectors, Collection WmSchaus, USNMENT01463564; COSTA RICA: Tuis, June, Schaus and Barnes, collectors, USNMENT01463648; COSTA RICA: San Jose 4000ft, Nov 06, Collection WmSchaus, USNMENT01463535.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Females</emphasis>
|
||
: COSTA RICA: Cartago, Orosi Estaction, Tapani Parque, LN-559900-194000, 1275 m, February 12-17, 2005, J. Bolling
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="134" start="start">Sullivan</pageBreakToken>
|
||
, collector, USNMENT01463571; same data, USNMENT01463641; same data, USNMENT01463568; COSTA RICA: Carillo, Schaus and Barnes, collectors, USNMENT01463572.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">GUATEMALA</emphasis>
|
||
(3♂,1♀):
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">Males</emphasis>
|
||
: GUATEMALA: Cayuga, May, Schaus and Barnes, collectors, USNMENT01463555; GUATEMALA: Cayuga, Sept, Schaus and Barnes, collectors, Dognin Collection, USNMENT01463529; GUATEMALA: Cayuga, Schaus and Barnes, collectors, Aug., Photo Noc.22, USNMENT01463672.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">Female</emphasis>
|
||
: GUATEMALA: Retalhuleu, from L Thiel, S Sebastian, USNMENT01463544.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">MEXICO</emphasis>
|
||
(1♂): Zacualpan [Veracruz] T21, USNM slide # 59037, USNMENT01463653.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.866.27647.figures1-10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/320449" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" start="Figures 1–10" startId="F1">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="134">
|
||
Figures 1-10. Dorsal habitus of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aprica" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aprica patula" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patula">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">Aprica patula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, males (left,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">1-5</emphasis>
|
||
) and females (right,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">6-10</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">1</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463599, 05-SRNP-48763
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">2</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463665, 05-SRNP-2726
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">3</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463894
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">4</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463893
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">5</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463658, 14-SRNP-80751
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">6</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463798, 10-SRNP-44267
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">7</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463999, 11-SRNP-42773
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">8</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463895, 07-SRNP-46182
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">9</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463671, 08-SRNP-104889
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">10</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463571.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.866.27647.figures11-20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/320450" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" start="Figures 11–20" startId="F2">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="134">
|
||
Figures 11-20. Ventral habitus of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aprica" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aprica patula" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patula">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">Aprica patula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, males (left,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">11-15</emphasis>
|
||
) and females (right,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">16-20</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">11</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463599 05-SRNP-48763
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">12</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463665 05-SRNP-2726
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">13</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463894
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">14</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463893
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">15</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463658 14-SRNP-80751
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">16</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463798 10-SRNP-44267
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">17</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463999 11-SRNP-42773
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">18</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463895 07-SRNP-46182
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">19</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463671 08-SRNP-104889
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">20</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463571.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.866.27647.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/320451" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" start="Figure 21" startId="F3">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="134">Figure 21. Forewing, hind wing. male, USNMENT01463577, Dissection #148371.</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.866.27647.figures22-23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/320452" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" start="Figures 22, 23" startId="F4">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="134">
|
||
Figures 22, 23. Male genitalia.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">22</emphasis>
|
||
Valvae, USNMENT01463556, 06-SRNP-102550, Dissection #148362
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">23</emphasis>
|
||
Valvae (ink) USNMENT01441902, 09-SRNP-107666, Dissection #148312.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="135" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="134">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="135" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">
|
||
The apposition of the forewing and hind wing colors differentiates this species from several unrelated New World species (both tropical and extra-tropical) that share superficially similar orange forewing coloration. None of these has a deep reddish hind wing or the laterally bisected contrast in body coloration between thorax and abdomen. The combination of the expressed M2 on the hind wing, the absence of abdominal
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="135" start="start">coremata</pageBreakToken>
|
||
, and the configuration of the male and female genitalia are summarized in the generic diagnosis
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">supra vide</emphasis>
|
||
as distinct from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Eriopinae">Eriopinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and other pteridivorous
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Noctuidae" lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" rank="family">Noctuidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="136" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="135">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="135">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">Head</emphasis>
|
||
. Eyes smooth; labial palpi upturned, apex level with antennal base; antennae setose, bifasciculate in males; frons and vertex mix of golden yellow and reddish-orange scales concolorous with those of forewings and thorax.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="136">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="136" start="start">Thorax</pageBreakToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. Prothoracic vestiture as described for genus.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Wings</emphasis>
|
||
. Forewing length, males, 12.1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="mm–">mm-</normalizedToken>
|
||
15.0 mm (males,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 34,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">x̄</emphasis>
|
||
= 13.5 mm, M = 13.2 mm); females, 12.1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="mm–">mm-</normalizedToken>
|
||
16.1 mm (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 17,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">x̄</emphasis>
|
||
= 14.2 mm, M = 14.3 mm). FW not broadly rounded, outer margin convex; FW scaling golden yellow, suffused with reddish-orange scales, some lilacine at costa; postmedial area less heavily suffused with reddish-orange than antemedial or subterminal areas; antemedial, medial, and postmedial lines distinct and unbroken, the medial line ~2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as thick as others; baso-posterior russet patch; reniform spot constricted to form two white stigmata, the antero-costal stigma round and smaller than the other, j-shaped stigma; HW near-uniformly russet-orange, yellowish-orange terminal line unbroken. FW underside russet in center, bounded by paler shading along the costal and posterior margin below the anal vein; pm line jagged, dark gray, fading gradually from costal fascia to the anal vein. HW underside with discal spot present, pm line visible as a series of dark gray spots where it meets the veins; medial lines of both wings diffuse.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
. As above, for genus. Scales the same mix of golden orange and reddish as on the head and thorax, but more uniformly reddish on the fore-femora.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="136">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
. As above, for genus. Vestiture paler than on thorax and concolorous with hind wing.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="136">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
. As above, for genus. Phallus not uniformly sclerotized, weakly so towards the vesica; vesica without cornuti, with a complex of four bubble-like sub-basal diverticula and one larger basal diverticulum; vesica distended baso-medially, recurved clockwise over the phallus before narrowing and everting in a counter-clockwise twist (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 24–27" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 24 - 27. Male genitalia. 24 - 26 Vesica, from 3 angles, USNMENT 01463556, 06 - SRNP- 102550, Dissection 148362 27 Vesica (ink), USNMENT 01441902, 09 - SRNP- 107666, Dissection 148312." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.866.27647.figures24-27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/320453" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Figs 24-27</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.866.27647.figures24-27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/320453" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" start="Figures 24–27" startId="F5">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="136">
|
||
Figures 24-27. Male genitalia.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">24-26</emphasis>
|
||
Vesica, from 3 angles, USNMENT01463556, 06-SRNP-102550, Dissection #148362
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">27</emphasis>
|
||
Vesica (ink), USNMENT01441902, 09-SRNP-107666, Dissection #148312.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.866.27647.figures28-29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/320454" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" start="Figures 28–29" startId="F6">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="136">
|
||
Figures 28-29. Female genitalia.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">29</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463999, 11-SRNP-42773, Dissection #148174 (ink)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">30</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463999, 10-SRNP-46180, Dissection #148173.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.866.27647.figures30-37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/320455" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" start="Figures 30–37" startId="F7">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="136">
|
||
Figures 30-37. Larvae, brown, last instar.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">31</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463599, 05-SRNP-48763 ♂ DHJ408116
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">32</emphasis>
|
||
SNMENT01463665 05-SRNP-2726 ♂ DHJ402483
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">33</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463599, 05-SRNP-48763 ♂ DHJ408117
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">34</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463599, 05-SRNP-48763 ♂ DHJ408121
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">35</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463599, 05-SRNP-48763 ♂ DHJ408123
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">36</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463599, 05-SRNP-48763 ♂ DHJ408124
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">37</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463599, 05-SRNP-48763 ♂ DHJ408125
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">38</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463599, 05-SRNP-48763 ♂ DHJ408126.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.866.27647.figures38-45" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/320456" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" start="Figures 38–45" startId="F8">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="136">
|
||
Figures 38-45. Larvae, green, penultimate instar.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">39</emphasis>
|
||
05-SRNP-48764 DHJ408129
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">40</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463798, 10-SRNP-44267 ♀ DHJ478607
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">41</emphasis>
|
||
05-SRNP-48764 DHJ408127
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">42</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463798, 10-SRNP-44267 ♀ DHJ478603
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">43</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463798, 10-SRNP-44267 ♀ DHJ478606
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">44</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463798, 10-SRNP-44267 ♀ DHJ478605
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">45</emphasis>
|
||
USNMENT01463798, 10-SRNP-44267 ♀ DHJ478608
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">46</emphasis>
|
||
05-SRNP-48764 DHJ408128.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="136">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Female genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
. As above, for genus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="136" type="immature stages">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Immature stages.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="136">
|
||
Known only from images of living larvae. Larvae are cylindrical, not tapered posteriorly, exhibiting green-brown polymorphism (in some cases the penultimate instar green, ultimate instar brown), and both bear false eyespots on the first abdominal segment; the spot is white postero-ventrally, the front half black with a white dot. In the brown form, the head bears a calico pattern, while in the green form the head is more uniformly green; both forms bear a lateral genal stripe. The brown form is predominantly rusty orange, a pair of subdorsal stripes formed by paler orange wedges. Larvae curl their heads under their abdomens when disturbed, emphasizing their false eyespots. This
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="recall’s">recall's</normalizedToken>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Yen, S-H" journalOrPublisher="Hexapoda: Lepidoptera, Noctuoidea, Noctuidae, Eriopinae. National Sun Yat-Sen University & National Science Council" pageId="12" pageNumber="139" refId="B19" refString="Yen, S-H, Wu, S, 2009. Biota Taiwanica. . Hexapoda: Lepidoptera, Noctuoidea, Noctuidae, Eriopinae. National Sun Yat-Sen University & National Science Council" title="Biota Taiwanica." year="2009">
|
||
Yen and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Wu’s">Wu's</normalizedToken>
|
||
(2009)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
remarks on the eriopine genus
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Callopistria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Callopistria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Callopistria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which "when threatened...bend their abdominal segments A1 and A2 upwards," as do caterpillars in many families. The subdorsal lines in the green larval form comprise a series of irregularly shaped segmental yellow blotches through A6, beneath which runs a series of supra-spiracular spots; a small supra-spiracular black dash may is visible on A4 and A7 as well. The posterior segments, beginning with A7, bear scattered yellow markings.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="137" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Biology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="137" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">
|
||
Larvae collected in March, May, June, September, October, and November, with adults eclosing in each of the corresponding subsequent months. Recorded times from the onset of pre-pupa to eclosion 15-17 days. Pupation within a cocoon of leaves lightly silked together. Larvae have been collected feeding on the following ferns:
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Pteridaceae" genus="Pteris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pteris plumula" order="Polypodiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plumula">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Pteris plumula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Desv. (=
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Pteridaceae" genus="Pteris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pteris quadriaurita" order="Polypodiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="quadriaurita">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Pteris quadriaurita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Retz.,
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Pteridaceae" lsidName="" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" rank="family">Pteridaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dennstaedtiaceae" genus="Pteridium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pteridium caudatum" order="Polypodiales" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caudatum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="137" start="start">Pteridium</pageBreakToken>
|
||
caudatum
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(L.) (
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Dennstaedtiaceae" lsidName="" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" rank="family">Dennstaedtiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Thelypteris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thelypteris nicaraguensis" order="Polypodiales" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nicaraguensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">Thelypteris nicaraguensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(E. Fourn.) C.V. Morton (
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Thelypteridaceae" lsidName="" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" rank="family">Thelypteridaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Blechnaceae" genus="Salpichlaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salpichlaena volubilis" order="Polypodiales" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="volubilis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">Salpichlaena volubilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Kauf.) J. Sm. (
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Blechnaceae" lsidName="" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" rank="family">Blechnaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Lomariopsidaceae" genus="Lomariopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lomariopsis vestita" order="Polypodiales" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vestita">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">Lomariopsis vestita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
E. Fourn. (
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Lomariopsidaceae" lsidName="" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" rank="family">Lomariopsidaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Nephrolepidaceae" genus="Nephrolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Nephrolepis biserrata" order="Polypodiales" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="biserrata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">Nephrolepis biserrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Sw.) Schott (
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Davailleaceae" lsidName="Davailleaceae" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" rank="genus">Davailleaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Recorded hymeopteran parasitoids at ACG include
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus maculipennis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculipennis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">Enicospilus maculipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Cameron, 1886) (
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Ichneumonidae" lsidName="" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" rank="family">Ichneumonidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Ophioninae">Ophioninae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and at least one undescribed ichneumonid (cocoon,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 46–53" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figures 46 - 53. Young larvae, cocoon and pupa 46 - 49, 51 - 53 14 - SRNP- 71583 46 DHJ 723850 47 DHJ 723852 48 DHJ 723855 49 DHJ 723892 50 Ichneumonid cocoon, 11 - SRNP- 69437, DHJ 804089 51 DHJ 723898 52 DHJ 723899 53 DHJ 723901." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.866.27647.figures46-53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/320457" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
|
||
). False eyespots on the first abdominal segment appear well developed by the third instar and conspicuous in the green fourth instar as well as the brown last instars. It may be no more than coincidence that all the brown last instars turned out to be males when reared, while all the green penultimate instars turned out to be females when reared.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.866.27647.figures46-53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/320457" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" start="Figures 46–53" startId="F9">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="137">
|
||
Figures 46-53. Young larvae, cocoon and pupa
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">46-49, 51-53</emphasis>
|
||
14-SRNP-71583
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">46</emphasis>
|
||
DHJ723850
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">47</emphasis>
|
||
DHJ723852
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">48</emphasis>
|
||
DHJ723855
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">49</emphasis>
|
||
DHJ723892
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">50</emphasis>
|
||
Ichneumonid cocoon, 11-SRNP-69437, DHJ804089
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">51</emphasis>
|
||
DHJ723898
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">52</emphasis>
|
||
DHJ723899
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">53</emphasis>
|
||
DHJ723901.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="137" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="137">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="137">Mid-elevation rainforest Mexico, Guatemala, Costa Rica.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |