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<mods:title id="86F8EC81BC386881D4E60188AFB70D58">Systematics of Schinia cupes (Grote) complex: Revised status of Schinia crotchii (Hy. Edwards) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Heliothinae)</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A494307FE91A3104C9E0973" bold="true" box="[264,432,1284,1310]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Schinia cupes</emphasis>
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(
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,
<figureCitation id="132467BD3A494307FE1CA3334CBB092C" box="[389,405,1319,1345]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 9" captionStartId="11.[264,382,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[520,1038,313,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[520,1049,902,1427]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 9. Second sternite of male abdomen. 7, Schinia cupes; 8, S. crotchii; 9, S. deserticola." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/156941/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">7</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132467BD3A494307FE3BA3334CC5092C" box="[418,491,1319,1345]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 15" captionStartId="12.[264,382,1765,1789]" captionTargetBox="[285,1323,323,1718]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[795,1324,843,1029]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 15. Male genitalia and aedoeagus. 10, Schinia cupes; 11, S. cupes, aedeagus; 12, S. crotchii; 13, S. crotchii, aedeagus; 14, S. deserticola; 9, 15, S. deserticola, aedeagus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168773/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">10–11</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132467BD3A494307FE61A3334F36092C" box="[504,536,1319,1345]" captionStart="FIGURES 16 – 21" captionStartId="13.[264,382,1633,1657]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,1097,1625]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[613,944,1121,1626]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 16 – 21. Female genitalia and papillae anales. 16, Schinia cupes; 17, S. crotchii; 18, S. deserticola; 19, S. cupes, papillae anlaes; 20, S. crotchii, papillae anales; 21, S. deserticola, papillae anales." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168774/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">16</figureCitation>
, 19,
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)
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<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A494307FE91A3634C8309E3" box="[264,429,1399,1422]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Heliothis cupes</emphasis>
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. —
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. —
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Trichosellus
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;
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: 36
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. —
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;
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Smith 1883: 232. —
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. — Dyar 1903:188. —
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<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A494307FE91A0034C9B0A43" box="[264,437,1559,1582]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Schinia navarra</emphasis>
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. —
<treatmentCitation id="0ABE5D293A494307FE56A0224FAE0A20" author="Poole" box="[463,640,1590,1613]" page="894" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" year="1989">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E06C93A494307FE56A0224F650A20" author="Poole" box="[463,587,1590,1613]" pageId="1" pageNumber="10" refString="Poole, R. W. (1989) Fascicle 118, Noctuidae. Lepidopterorum Catalogus (New Series). E. J. Brill and Flora and Fauna Publications, Leiden. xii, 1313 pp." type="book" year="1989">Poole 1989</bibRefCitation>
: 894
</treatmentCitation>
. —
<treatmentCitation id="0ABE5D293A494307FD30A0224EF60A20" author="Poole" box="[681,984,1590,1613]" page="771" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" year="1996">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E06C93A494307FD30A0224E8D0A20" author="Poole" box="[681,931,1590,1613]" pageId="1" pageNumber="10" refString="Poole, R. W. &amp; Gentili P. (Eds) (1996) Nomina Insecta Nearctica. A check list of the insects of North America, Volume 3: Diptera, Lepidoptera, Siphonaptera. Entomological Information Services, Rockville, Maryland, 1143 pp." type="book" year="1996">Poole and Gentili 1996</bibRefCitation>
: 771
</treatmentCitation>
. —
<treatmentCitation id="0ABE5D293A494307FB9EA02249F70A20" author="Hardwick" box="[1031,1241,1590,1613]" page="89" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" year="1996">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E06C93A494307FB9EA022499E0A20" author="Hardwick" box="[1031,1200,1590,1613]" pageId="1" pageNumber="9" refString="Hardwick, D. F. (1996) A monograph to the North American Heliothentinae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). David F. Hardwick, Ottawa, Ontario, 281 pp." type="book" year="1996">Hardwick 1996</bibRefCitation>
: 89
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA07B383A494307FE91A0434E2A0A00" blockId="1.[264,1323,1398,1646]" box="[264,772,1622,1646]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0F5C163A494307FE91A0434E2A0A00" box="[264,772,1622,1646]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A494307FE91A0434CDE0A03" box="[264,496,1623,1646]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
Trichosellus
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A494307FE08A0434CC70A03" ID-CoL="989H4" box="[401,489,1623,1646]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="navarra">navarra</taxonomicName>
;
</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0ABE5D293A494307FE6EA0424E2E0A00" author="McDunnough" box="[503,768,1622,1645]" page="106" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" year="1938">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E06C93A494307FE6EA0424FE40A00" author="McDunnough" box="[503,714,1622,1645]" pageId="1" pageNumber="10" refString="McDunnough, J. (1938) Checklist of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America. Part 1. Macrolepidoptera. Memoirs of the Southern California Academy of Sciences. 275 pp." type="book" year="1938">McDunnough 1938</bibRefCitation>
: 106
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30528B33A494304FE91A08A4E680DC0" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BA07B383A494304FE91A08A4E680DC0" blockId="1.[264,1323,1694,1881]" lastBlockId="2.[264,1323,284,1830]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A494307FE91A08A4CA60AD5" bold="true" box="[264,392,1694,1720]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
There are no differences in maculation between
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A494307FC52A08B49020AD5" box="[971,1068,1695,1720]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupes">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A494307FC52A08B49020AD5" box="[971,1068,1695,1720]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">S. cupes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A494307FBFFA08B49F00AD5" box="[1126,1246,1695,1720]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crotchii">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A494307FBFFA08B49F00AD5" box="[1126,1246,1695,1720]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">S. crotchii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. They are separable by distribution with
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A494307FD00A0D34FD70A8D" box="[665,761,1735,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupes">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A494307FD00A0D34FD70A8D" box="[665,761,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">S. cupes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occuring from Colorado and New
<collectingCountry id="F3083BA83A494307FB0CA0D349DC0A8C" box="[1173,1266,1735,1761]" name="Mexico" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Mexico</collectingCountry>
, east to Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas and
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A494307FD27A0FB4E1B0B65" box="[702,821,1775,1800]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crotchii">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A494307FD27A0FB4E1B0B65" box="[702,821,1775,1800]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">S. crotchii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Arizona and Utah, west to California and Washington. The second abdominal sternite in the male of
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A494307FC70A10349670B5D" box="[1001,1097,1815,1840]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupes">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A494307FC70A10349670B5D" box="[1001,1097,1815,1840]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">S. cupes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
bears a pair of hair pencils (
<figureCitation id="132467BD3A494307FEF5A12B4C9A0B34" box="[364,436,1855,1881]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 9" captionStartId="11.[264,382,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[520,1038,313,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[520,1049,902,1427]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 9. Second sternite of male abdomen. 7, Schinia cupes; 8, S. crotchii; 9, S. deserticola." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/156941/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
), which are absent in
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A494307FD21A12B4E010B35" box="[696,815,1855,1880]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crotchii">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A494307FD21A12B4E010B35" box="[696,815,1855,1880]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">S. crotchii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="132467BD3A494307FCD9A12B4EA80B34" box="[832,902,1855,1881]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 9" captionStartId="11.[264,382,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[520,1038,313,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[520,1049,902,1427]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 9. Second sternite of male abdomen. 7, Schinia cupes; 8, S. crotchii; 9, S. deserticola." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/156941/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). In the male aedoeagus, the vesica has 4 coils in
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A4A4304FE35A7084F230D58" box="[428,525,284,309]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupes">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4A4304FE35A7084F230D58" box="[428,525,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">S. cupes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="132467BD3A4A4304FD87A7084F5F0D5B" box="[542,625,284,310]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 15" captionStartId="12.[264,382,1765,1789]" captionTargetBox="[285,1323,323,1718]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[795,1324,843,1029]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 15. Male genitalia and aedoeagus. 10, Schinia cupes; 11, S. cupes, aedeagus; 12, S. crotchii; 13, S. crotchii, aedeagus; 14, S. deserticola; 9, 15, S. deserticola, aedeagus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168773/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
) and 3 coils in
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A4A4304FCB2A7084E8D0D58" box="[811,931,284,309]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crotchii">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4A4304FCB2A7084E8D0D58" box="[811,931,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">S. crotchii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="132467BD3A4A4304FC2DA70849270D5B" box="[948,1033,284,310]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 15" captionStartId="12.[264,382,1765,1789]" captionTargetBox="[285,1323,323,1718]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[795,1324,843,1029]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 15. Male genitalia and aedoeagus. 10, Schinia cupes; 11, S. cupes, aedeagus; 12, S. crotchii; 13, S. crotchii, aedeagus; 14, S. deserticola; 9, 15, S. deserticola, aedeagus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168773/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
). In the female genitalia the papillae anales are more pointed in
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A4A4304FD42A7504E120D30" box="[731,828,324,349]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupes">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4A4304FD42A7504E120D30" box="[731,828,324,349]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">S. cupes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="132467BD3A4A4304FCD4A7504E8D0D33" box="[845,931,324,350]" captionStart="FIGURES 16 – 21" captionStartId="13.[264,382,1633,1657]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,1097,1625]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[613,944,1121,1626]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 16 – 21. Female genitalia and papillae anales. 16, Schinia cupes; 17, S. crotchii; 18, S. deserticola; 19, S. cupes, papillae anlaes; 20, S. crotchii, papillae anales; 21, S. deserticola, papillae anales." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168774/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
) and more broadly rounded in
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A4A4304FA8DA7504C4C0DE8" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crotchii">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4A4304FA8DA7504C4C0DE8" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">S. crotchii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="132467BD3A4A4304FEEFA7784CE00DEB" box="[374,462,364,390]" captionStart="FIGURES 16 – 21" captionStartId="13.[264,382,1633,1657]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,1097,1625]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[613,944,1121,1626]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 16 – 21. Female genitalia and papillae anales. 16, Schinia cupes; 17, S. crotchii; 18, S. deserticola; 19, S. cupes, papillae anlaes; 20, S. crotchii, papillae anales; 21, S. deserticola, papillae anales." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168774/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
). The ductus bursae is narrower at the base of the ostium bursae in
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A4A4304FA8DA7784C650DC0" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupes">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4A4304FA8DA7784C650DC0" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">S. cupes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="132467BD3A4A4304FEC2A7804C9E0DC3" box="[347,432,404,430]" captionStart="FIGURES 16 – 21" captionStartId="13.[264,382,1633,1657]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,1097,1625]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[613,944,1121,1626]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 16 – 21. Female genitalia and papillae anales. 16, Schinia cupes; 17, S. crotchii; 18, S. deserticola; 19, S. cupes, papillae anlaes; 20, S. crotchii, papillae anales; 21, S. deserticola, papillae anales." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168774/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
) and wider in
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A4A4304FDC3A7804FFF0DC0" box="[602,721,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crotchii">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4A4304FDC3A7804FFF0DC0" box="[602,721,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">S. crotchii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="132467BD3A4A4304FD78A7804E180DC3" box="[737,822,404,430]" captionStart="FIGURES 16 – 21" captionStartId="13.[264,382,1633,1657]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,1097,1625]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[613,944,1121,1626]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 16 – 21. Female genitalia and papillae anales. 16, Schinia cupes; 17, S. crotchii; 18, S. deserticola; 19, S. cupes, papillae anlaes; 20, S. crotchii, papillae anales; 21, S. deserticola, papillae anales." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168774/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30528B33A4A4304FEA1A7AF49AF0AEB" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA07B383A4A4304FEA1A7AF4EE009FB" blockId="2.[264,1323,284,1830]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4A4304FEA1A7AF4CFE0DB8" bold="true" box="[312,464,443,469]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Description.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4A4304FE4EA7A84F400DB8" box="[471,622,444,469]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Male: Head:</emphasis>
Cream mixed with some black scales; short scales on frons and long hairlike scales on vertex. Labial palpus white basally with remainder brown mixed with a few white scales. Eyes large and globular.
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4A4304FC04A4184ED20E48" box="[925,1020,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Thorax:</emphasis>
Mixture of white hairlike and spatulate scales with a tapered stalk, tapered scales white with brown apices. Foreleg femur with ventral fringe and inner surface light brown, outer surface white with some brown scales; tibia white and light brown, largest and stoutest spine on inner side and closest to basitarsus, two slender spines dorsal to it, outer side with four stout spines becoming shorter and less robust dorsally; tarsi brown with white apical rings. Mid and hindlegs white and brown; tarsi white and brown with white apical rings. Underside white.
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4A4304FE91A5304CAC0F50" box="[264,386,804,829]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Forewing:</emphasis>
Length 12.0–14.5 mm (n=10).Ground color light brown; antemedial line white and sinuate; claviform spot light brown outlined in brown; orbicular spot outlined with brown and with a small central white dash; reniform spot outlined with brown and with a small central white angulate dash; postmedial line white and sinuate; subterminal line a series of white arrowheads between veins and with a brown spot at their tips; outer margin with elongate brown marks between veins; fringe brown mixed with white. Underside white with orbicular and reniform spots; postmedial band brown.
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4A4304FB90A20049A80840" box="[1033,1158,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Hindwing:</emphasis>
Ground color white with a brown discal spot and marginal band, with a few white spots along margin; veins in white discal area highlighted with brown scales.
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4A4304FC29A27049060810" box="[944,1064,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Abdomen:</emphasis>
Dorsum white mixed with brown, venter mostly white mixed with some brown scales; hair pencils and associated scent pockets on second sternite present (
<figureCitation id="132467BD3A4A4304FC00A2A04EC908A3" box="[921,999,1204,1230]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 9" captionStartId="11.[264,382,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[520,1038,313,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[520,1049,902,1427]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 9. Second sternite of male abdomen. 7, Schinia cupes; 8, S. crotchii; 9, S. deserticola." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/156941/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4A4304FB9DA2A0495D08A0" box="[1028,1139,1204,1229]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="132467BD3A4A4304FB10A2A0483408A3" box="[1161,1306,1204,1230]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 15" captionStartId="12.[264,382,1765,1789]" captionTargetBox="[285,1323,323,1718]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[795,1324,843,1029]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 15. Male genitalia and aedoeagus. 10, Schinia cupes; 11, S. cupes, aedeagus; 12, S. crotchii; 13, S. crotchii, aedeagus; 14, S. deserticola; 9, 15, S. deserticola, aedeagus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168773/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs. 10–11</figureCitation>
): Uncus elongate, approximately 0.3 X length of valve, apex blunt. Valve elongate (length greater than
<date id="FFA15DF83A4A4304FE38A3104CFE0973" box="[417,464,1284,1310]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">7 X</date>
width), costal margin distinctly curved at 4/5 length, posterior margin gently curved to a truncate apex; ampulla elongate; sacculus with ventral margin produced. Juxta quadrate with a curved dorsal margin. Saccus Vshaped. Aedoeagus slightly curved; vesica with a basal diverticulum and 4 coils.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA07B383A4A4304FEA1A3B049AF0AEB" blockId="2.[264,1323,284,1830]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4A4304FEA1A3B04CB409D0" box="[312,410,1444,1469]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Female:</emphasis>
As in male except forewing length 14.0–15.0 mm (n=10).
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4A4304FBDFA3B0499B09D0" box="[1094,1205,1444,1469]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="132467BD3A4A4304FB5DA3B04C07098B" captionStart="FIGURES 16 – 21" captionStartId="13.[264,382,1633,1657]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,1097,1625]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[613,944,1121,1626]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 16 – 21. Female genitalia and papillae anales. 16, Schinia cupes; 17, S. crotchii; 18, S. deserticola; 19, S. cupes, papillae anlaes; 20, S. crotchii, papillae anales; 21, S. deserticola, papillae anales." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168774/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs. 16, 19</figureCitation>
): Papillae anales lightly sclerotized, broadly triangulate, apex narrowly rounded; anterior apophyses approximately 0.95 times length of posterior apophyses; ductus bursae narrow widening beyond middle to more than twice width at ostium bursae, elongate (approximately 1.8 times length of corpus bursae); appendix bursae longer than corpus bursae, with 3 coils; corpus bursae ovate; signa consists of 4 scobinate bars.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30528B33A4A4304FEA1A0804ED50B4B" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BA07B383A4A4304FEA1A0804FF50ABB" blockId="2.[264,1323,284,1830]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4A4304FEA1A0804CDC0AC3" bold="true" box="[312,498,1684,1710]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<typeStatus id="54A4C59A3A4A4304FEA1A0804C5D0AC3" box="[312,371,1684,1710]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A4A4304FD9AA0804E380AC3" authority="Grote" authorityName="Grote" box="[515,790,1684,1710]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Heliothis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupes">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4A4304FD9AA0804FEF0AC0" box="[515,705,1684,1709]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Heliothis cupes</emphasis>
Grote
</taxonomicName>
: Male
<typeStatus id="54A4C59A3A4A4304FCEAA0804EF70AC3" box="[883,985,1684,1710]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is in The Natural History Museum, London.
<typeStatus id="54A4C59A3A4A4304FE7EA0A84F0F0ABB" box="[487,545,1724,1750]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Type</typeStatus>
locality: Texas.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA07B383A4A4304FEA1A0F04ED50B4B" blockId="2.[264,1323,284,1830]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A4A4304FEA1A0F04F100A93" authority="Dyar" authorityName="Dyar" box="[312,574,1764,1790]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="navarra">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4A4304FEA1A0F04CD90A90" box="[312,503,1764,1789]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Schinia navarra</emphasis>
Dyar
</taxonomicName>
: Male
<typeStatus id="54A4C59A3A4A4304FD16A0F04FDB0A93" box="[655,757,1764,1790]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is in the National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC.
<typeStatus id="54A4C59A3A4A4304FE40A1184F3D0B4B" box="[473,531,1804,1830]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Type</typeStatus>
locality: Cotulla, Texas (
<typeStatus id="54A4C59A3A4A4304FCA0A1184E430B4B" box="[825,877,1804,1830]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">type</typeStatus>
no. 19076).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30528B33A4B4305FEA1A70F4E890FDB" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BA07B383A4B4305FEA1A70F4E670E1B" blockId="3.[264,1323,283,1870]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4B4305FEA1A70F4CB20D58" bold="true" box="[312,412,283,309]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Biology.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A4B4305FE3AA7084F6B0D58" box="[419,581,284,309]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupes">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4B4305FE3AA7084F6B0D58" box="[419,581,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Schinia cupes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is associated with sandy plains, and with
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A4B4305FBA8A7084CAE0D33" authority="Spach" authorityName="Spach" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Calylophus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="berlandiera">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4B4305FBA8A7084C010D30" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Calylophus berlandiera</emphasis>
Spach
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A4B4305FE11A7504FC10D33" box="[392,751,324,350]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="variety" variety="berlandiera">
var.
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4B4305FE25A7504F690D30" box="[444,583,324,349]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">berlandiera</emphasis>
(Onagraceae)
</taxonomicName>
, although its life history is unknown. This plant overlaps the distribution of
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A4B4305FDD7A7784F810DE8" box="[590,687,364,389]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupes">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4B4305FDD7A7784F810DE8" box="[590,687,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">S. cupes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and is found at many of its collection localities. Harp observed two males resting on Berlandier’s sundrops (
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A4B4305FC15A78049160DC0" box="[908,1080,404,429]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Calylophus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="berlandiera">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4B4305FC15A78049160DC0" box="[908,1080,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. berlandiera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) at Big Springs, TX (Howard Co.) in
<date id="FFA15DF83A4B4305FE49A7A84F7D0DBB" box="[464,595,444,470]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2003-04">April 2003</date>
. He further observed that adults fly in and around the proximity of their hostplants during the early morning. In addition, males can also be seen on gravelly/sandy openings until late morning awaiting receptive females. As temperatures rise during late morning, adults disappear to shady areas where they presumably “rest.” Adults were attracted to lights in suitable habitat.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA07B383A4B4305FEA1A4904CC70F7B" blockId="3.[264,1323,283,1870]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A4B4305FEA1A4904CF50EF0" box="[312,475,644,669]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupes">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4B4305FEA1A4904CF50EF0" box="[312,475,644,669]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Schinia cupes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has two broods with the first flying from lateMarch to midJune and a second smaller brood flying in lateJuly to September (
<figureCitation id="132467BD3A4B4305FC32A4B849280EAB" box="[939,1030,684,710]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="15.[264,368,1069,1093]" captionTargetBox="[285,1318,347,1045]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[264,1322,326,1045]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 24. Seasonal phenology of Schinia cupes, S. crotchii, and S. deserticola." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168775/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
). The earliest and latest flights are in the southern part of its range, and in the northern part, a compressed single brood flies in June.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA07B383A4B4305FEA1A5304E890FDB" blockId="3.[264,1323,283,1870]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Across much of its range,
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A4B4305FDF5A5304FE20F50" box="[620,716,804,829]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupes">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4B4305FDF5A5304FE20F50" box="[620,716,804,829]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">S. cupes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
flies with
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A4B4305FCD0A530493E0F53" authority="Smith" authorityName="Smith" box="[841,1040,804,830]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4B4305FCD0A5304E910F50" box="[841,959,804,829]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">S. simplex</emphasis>
Smith
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A4B4305FB85A5304CAB0F0B" authority="Grote and Robinson" authorityName="Grote and Robinson" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="citrinella">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4B4305FB85A530498B0F50" box="[1052,1189,804,829]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">S. citrinella</emphasis>
(Grote and Robinson)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A4B4305FE0DA5584F890F0B" authority="Harvey" authorityName="Harvey" box="[404,679,844,870]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="roseitincta">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4B4305FE0DA5584F1E0F08" box="[404,560,844,869]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">S. roseitincta</emphasis>
(Harvey)
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A4B4305FD73A5584E880F0B" authority="Smith" authorityName="Smith" box="[746,934,844,870]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="errans">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4B4305FD73A5584E780F08" box="[746,854,844,869]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">S. errans</emphasis>
Smith
</taxonomicName>
during the first brood, and flies with
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A4B4305FEDFA5604F060FE3" authority="Grote" authorityName="Grote" box="[326,552,884,910]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saturata">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4B4305FEDFA5604CE90FE0" box="[326,455,884,909]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">S. saturata</emphasis>
(Grote)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A4B4305FDAFA5604E0E0FE3" authority="Strecker" authorityName="Strecker" box="[566,800,884,910]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nubila">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4B4305FDAFA5604F8E0FE0" box="[566,672,884,909]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">S. nubila</emphasis>
(Strecker)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A4B4305FCB7A56049200FE3" authority="Grote" authorityName="Grote" box="[814,1038,884,910]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coercita">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4B4305FCB7A5604E820FE0" box="[814,940,884,909]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">S. coercita</emphasis>
(Grote)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A4B4305FB85A56049880FE0" box="[1052,1190,884,909]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="citrinella">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4B4305FB85A56049880FE0" box="[1052,1190,884,909]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">S. citrinella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A4B4305FB2EA5604C4F0FDB" authority="Grote" authorityName="Grote" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mortua">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4B4305FB2EA56048050FE0" box="[1207,1323,884,909]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">S. mortua</emphasis>
(Grote)
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A4B4305FE06A5884F550FDB" authority="Smith" authorityName="Smith" box="[415,635,924,950]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicuspida">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4B4305FE06A5884F000FD8" box="[415,558,924,949]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">S. bicuspida</emphasis>
Smith
</taxonomicName>
during the second brood.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30528B33A4B4305FEA1A5D04C6A086B" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BA07B383A4B4305FEA1A5D04C6A086B" blockId="3.[264,1323,283,1870]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4B4305FEA1A5D04CFF0FB3" bold="true" box="[312,465,964,990]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Distribution</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="132467BD3A4B4305FE7AA5D04F110FB3" box="[483,575,964,990]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="14.[264,368,825,849]" captionTargetBox="[555,1059,326,801]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[529,1059,326,801]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 22. Collecting localites for Schinia cupes (circles) and S. crotchii (squares), shaded area is distribution of host plant Castilleja exserta exserta (Onagraceae)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/156944/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
). Texas, west to New
<collectingCountry id="F3083BA83A4B4305FCD4A5D04E870FB3" box="[845,937,964,990]" name="Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Mexico</collectingCountry>
, and north to Kansas and Colorado.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30528B33A4B4302FEA1A200490B09FB" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BA07B383A4B4305FEA1A20048050B23" blockId="3.[264,1323,283,1870]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4B4305FEA1A2004F170843" bold="true" box="[312,569,1044,1070]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Material Examined.</emphasis>
All specimens are from
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4B4305FCE0A2004EFF0843" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[889,977,1044,1070]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">USNM</collectionCode>
, except as noted otherwise.
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4B4305FE91A2284F0C083B" bold="true" box="[264,546,1084,1110]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<collectingCountry id="F3083BA83A4B4305FE91A2284C72083B" box="[264,348,1084,1110]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
: COLORADO:
</emphasis>
CHAFFEE CO. Salida (
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4B4305FCD2A2284E85083B" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[843,939,1084,1110]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">AMNH</collectionCode>
). PROWERS CO. Holly, downtown gas station along Hwy. 50,
<date id="FFA15DF83A4B4305FD31A2704F990813" box="[680,695,1124,1150]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2001-06-09">9</date>
June 2001 (2ɗ), C.E. Harp (
<collectingCountry id="F3083BA83A4B4305FBADA270494C0813" box="[1076,1122,1124,1150]" name="Switzerland" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">CH</collectingCountry>
). PUEBLO CO. Pueblo, north end, off Hwy 125 at mkr. #102, 4705',
<date id="FFA15DF83A4B4305FCE2A298493908CB" box="[891,1047,1164,1190]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1999-06-20">20 June 1999</date>
(1ɗ), C.E. Harp (
<collectingCountry id="F3083BA83A4B4305FB69A298483008CB" box="[1264,1310,1164,1190]" name="Switzerland" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">CH</collectingCountry>
).
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4B4305FE91A2A04C7308A3" box="[264,349,1204,1230]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">WELD</collectionCode>
CO.
<quantity id="4CE7D6DD3A4B4305FE05A2A04CFF08A3" box="[412,465,1204,1230]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mi" value="1.0">1 mi</quantity>
W of Roggen, frontage road along Hwy
<date id="FFA15DF83A4B4305FC2AA2A04EC908A3" box="[947,999,1204,1230]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1976-01">I76</date>
, 4702',
<date id="FFA15DF83A4B4305FBD8A2A049F008A3" box="[1089,1246,1204,1230]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2002-06-26">26 June 2002</date>
(1ɗ), C.E. Harp (
<collectingCountry id="F3083BA83A4B4305FE04A2C84CE5089B" box="[413,459,1244,1270]" name="Switzerland" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">CH</collectingCountry>
).
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4B4305FE7EA2C84F49089B" bold="true" box="[487,615,1244,1270]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">KANSAS:</emphasis>
FINNEY CO. Garden City,
<date id="FFA15DF83A4B4305FC45A2C849A6089B" box="[988,1160,1244,1270]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1935-06-10">10 June 1935</date>
(1ɗ), H.H. Walkden.
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4B4305FE19A3104F7B0973" bold="true" box="[384,597,1284,1310]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4B4305FE19A3104CE80973" box="[384,454,1284,1310]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/93c9-w2q7" name="University of Newcastle" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">NEW</collectionCode>
<collectingCountry id="F3083BA83A4B4305FE49A3104F7E0973" box="[464,592,1284,1310]" name="Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4B4305FE49A3104F7E0973" box="[464,592,1284,1310]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">MEXICO</collectionCode>
</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
COLFAX CO.
<quantity id="4CE7D6DD3A4B4305FC8CA3104E620973" box="[789,844,1284,1310]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.656064" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mi" value="6.0">6 mi</quantity>
S of Maxwell, Hwy.
<date id="FFA15DF83A4B4305FBC8A31049AD0973" box="[1105,1155,1284,1310]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1925-01">I25</date>
at mkr. #420, 6040',
<date id="FFA15DF83A4B4305FECFA3384CC6092B" box="[342,488,1324,1350]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2002-08-08">8 Aug. 2002</date>
(1ɗ 1Ψ), C.E. Harp (
<collectingCountry id="F3083BA83A4B4305FD73A3384E36092B" box="[746,792,1324,1350]" name="Switzerland" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">CH</collectingCountry>
).
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4B4305FCB5A3384E53092B" box="[812,893,1324,1350]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">LUNA</collectionCode>
CO. Deming, 1–
<date id="FFA15DF83A4B4305FBDDA338497D092B" box="[1092,1107,1324,1350]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">7</date>
Sep. (2Ψ), Barnes Collection;
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4B4305FE0BA3404CDA0903" box="[402,500,1364,1390]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">OTERO</collectionCode>
CO. High Rolls, Sep. (1ɗ), Barnes Collection.
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4B4305FBB0A34049A90903" box="[1065,1159,1364,1390]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">UNION</collectionCode>
CO. Clayton, SE edge of town along Hwy. #87, 5067',
<date id="FFA15DF83A4B4305FC9AA3684E8809FB" box="[771,934,1404,1430]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2000-05-16">16 May 2000</date>
(1Ψ), C.E. Harp (
<collectingCountry id="F3083BA83A4B4305FB1CA368499D09FB" box="[1157,1203,1404,1430]" name="Switzerland" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">CH</collectingCountry>
).
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4B4305FB53A3684C5E09D3" bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
OKLA
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4B4305FE91A3B04C4509D3" box="[264,363,1444,1470]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">HOMA</collectionCode>
:
</emphasis>
CARTER CO. Springer,
<date id="FFA15DF83A4B4305FD05A3B04E1209D3" box="[668,828,1444,1470]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1986-05-26">26 May 1986</date>
, J.K. Adams (JKA).
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4B4305FBAAA3B049BB09D3" box="[1075,1173,1444,1470]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">KIOWA</collectionCode>
CO. Lugert, 1350',
<date id="FFA15DF83A4B4305FECFA3D84CDE098B" box="[342,496,1484,1510]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1937-06-11">11 June 1937</date>
(1ɗ), Standish &amp; Kaiser (OKS).
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4B4305FCE3A3D84EF9098B" box="[890,983,1484,1510]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">PAYNE</collectionCode>
CO. Stillwater,
<date id="FFA15DF83A4B4305FB0BA3D84805098B" box="[1170,1323,1484,1510]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1940-04-21">21 Apr. 1940</date>
(1ɗ), V.T. Nailon (OKS).
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4B4305FDA5A3E04FD10A63" box="[572,767,1524,1550]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">ROGER MILLS</collectionCode>
CO. Cheyenne,
<date id="FFA15DF83A4B4305FC26A3E049620A63" box="[959,1100,1524,1550]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1937-06-07">7 June 1937</date>
(2ɗ 1Ψ), Standish &amp; Kaiser (OKS).
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4B4305FE44A0084F660A5B" bold="true" box="[477,584,1564,1590]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4B4305FE44A0084F6D0A5B" box="[477,579,1564,1590]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">TEXAS</collectionCode>
:
</emphasis>
[No specific locality],
<date id="FFA15DF83A4B4305FCC7A0084ED10A5B" box="[862,1023,1564,1590]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1925-05-21">21 May 1925</date>
(1Ψ), Barnes Collection;
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4B4305FE91A0504C450A33" box="[264,363,1604,1630]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">BEXAR</collectionCode>
CO. San Antonio (1Ψ), J. Jermy; San Antonio,
<quantity id="4CE7D6DD3A4B4305FC00A0504EE00A33" box="[921,974,1604,1630]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2874752" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mi" value="8.0">8 mi</quantity>
SE of Hwy. I410 off Hwy.
<date id="FFA15DF83A4B4305FA8EA0504C0B0AEB" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1937-01">I 37</date>
at exit 125,
<date id="FFA15DF83A4B4305FE58A0784CF00AEB" box="[449,478,1644,1670]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1987-05-26">26</date>
May 1987, J.K. Adams (JKA). BLANCO CO. Davis Ranch, 1300',
<date id="FFA15DF83A4B4305FA82A0784C520AC3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1959-04-02">2 Apr. 1959</date>
(1Ψ), J.F. McAlpine (
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4B4305FDE5A0804F900AC3" box="[636,702,1684,1710]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">CNC</collectionCode>
). BRAZOS CO. College Station,
<date id="FFA15DF83A4B4305FBDDA08049CF0AC3" box="[1092,1249,1684,1710]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1936-03-24">24 Mar. 1936</date>
(1ɗ), J. Jermy,
<date id="FFA15DF83A4B4305FEE7A0A84CF60ABB" box="[382,472,1724,1750]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1920-05">20 May</date>
(1ɗ 1Ψ),
<date id="FFA15DF83A4B4305FDCFA0A84F810ABB" box="[598,687,1724,1750]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1914-06">14 June</date>
(1ɗ), P.O. Glick. BREWSTER CO. Alpine,
<date id="FFA15DF83A4B4305FB5CA0A84C6D0A93" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1926-04-01" valueMax="1926-04-07" valueMin="1926-04-01">1–7 Apr. 1926</date>
(2ɗ 1Ψ),
<date id="FFA15DF83A4B4305FE24A0F04F5C0A93" box="[445,626,1764,1790]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1926-04-08" valueMax="1926-04-14" valueMin="1926-04-08">8–14 Apr. 1926</date>
(11ɗ 8Ψ),
<date id="FFA15DF83A4B4305FD61A0F04E950A93" box="[760,955,1764,1790]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1926-04-15" valueMax="1926-04-21" valueMin="1926-04-15">15–21 Apr. 1926</date>
(5ɗ 1Ψ),
<date id="FFA15DF83A4B4305FBACA0F049D70A93" box="[1077,1273,1764,1790]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1926-04-22" valueMax="1926-04-30" valueMin="1926-04-22">22–30 Apr. 1926</date>
(2ɗ 1Ψ),
<date id="FFA15DF83A4B4305FEDAA1184CC20B4B" box="[323,492,1804,1830]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1926-05-01" valueMax="1926-05-07" valueMin="1926-05-01">1–7 May 1926</date>
(1Ψ),
<date id="FFA15DF83A4B4305FDAEA1184FF30B4B" box="[567,733,1804,1830]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1926-09-01" valueMax="1926-09-07" valueMin="1926-09-01">1–7 Sep. 1926</date>
(1ɗ), O.C. Poling; 6.5 mi S. Alpine,
<date id="FFA15DF83A4B4305FB00A11848050B4B" box="[1177,1323,1804,1830]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1991-08-09">9 Aug. 1991</date>
(1ɗ) E.H. Metzler (EHM); Alpine, Davis Mts.,
<date id="FFA15DF83A4B4305FCA2A1204EF90B23" box="[827,983,1844,1870]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1981-05-26">26 May 1981</date>
(1Ψ), E.C. Knudson, 11 Sep.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA07B383A4C4302FE91A708490B09FB" blockId="4.[264,1324,283,1590]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
1958 (1ɗ 1Ψ),
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FE5DA7084F770D5B" box="[452,601,284,310]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1958-09-12">12 Sep 1958</date>
(5ɗ 1Ψ), R.R. McElvare. BRISCOE CO. Caprock Canyons State Park,
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FE16A7504F030D33" box="[399,557,324,350]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1996-05-10">10 May 1996</date>
(1ɗ), C. Bordelon (
<collectingCountry id="F3083BA83A4C4302FCBDA7504E7C0D33" box="[804,850,324,350]" name="Switzerland" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">CH</collectingCountry>
).
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4C4302FCFEA7504EFA0D33" box="[871,980,324,350]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">BROWN</collectionCode>
CO. Lake Brownwood State Park (TLA).
<collectingCountry id="F3083BA83A4C4302FE3AA7784F180DEB" box="[419,566,364,390]" name="Cameroon" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">CAMERON</collectingCountry>
CO. Brownsville,
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FC8EA7784E8E0DEB" box="[791,928,364,390]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1916-03-23">16–23 Mar.</date>
(1ɗ). COLEMAN CO. [no specific locality] (TLA). COTTLE CO. [no specific locality] (TLA). CROCKETT CO. [no specific locality] (RL). CULBERSON CO.
<collectingCountry id="F3083BA83A4C4302FC93A7A84EA70DBB" box="[778,905,444,470]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Guadelupe</collectingCountry>
Mtn. Nat. Park, Lamar Canyon,
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FA94A7A84CA60D93" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1996-08-24">24 Aug. 1996</date>
, C. Bordelon (TLA). DALLAS CO. Dallas,
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FC39A7F04ED50D93" box="[928,1019,484,510]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1921-04">21 Apr.</date>
(1Ψ). EL
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4C4302FBE1A7F049EE0D93" box="[1144,1216,484,510]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">PASO</collectionCode>
CO. [no specific locality] (TLA). FREESTONE CO. [no specific locality] (TLA).
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4C4302FB12A41849DE0E4B" box="[1163,1264,524,550]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">GARZA</collectionCode>
CO. Post, gas station, Hwy #380 nr. jct. of Hwy. #84, 2616',
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FC0EA420491C0E23" box="[919,1074,564,590]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2002-04-24">24 Apr. 2002</date>
(1ɗ), C. Harp (
<collectingCountry id="F3083BA83A4C4302FB69A42048300E23" box="[1264,1310,564,590]" name="Switzerland" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">CH</collectingCountry>
). HIDALGO CO. Pharr (
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4C4302FD85A4484F530E1B" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[540,637,604,630]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">AMNH</collectionCode>
). HOWARD CO.
<quantity id="4CE7D6DD3A4C4302FCC8A4484EA80E1B" box="[849,902,604,630]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.218688" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mi" value="2.0">2 mi</quantity>
E of Big Spring, S of refinery,
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FB60A44848040E1B" box="[1273,1322,604,630]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1920-01">I20</date>
at mkr. #180,
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FE31A4904CEB0EF3" box="[424,453,644,670]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2002-04-24">24</date>
Apr. 2002 (1ɗ), C. Harp (
<collectingCountry id="F3083BA83A4C4302FD64A4904E050EF3" box="[765,811,644,670]" name="Switzerland" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">CH</collectingCountry>
);
<quantity id="4CE7D6DD3A4C4302FCA6A4904E5A0EF3" box="[831,884,644,670]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.218688" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mi" value="2.0">2 mi</quantity>
S of Big Spring, gas station, roadside along Hwy. #87, 2667',
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FDBDA4B84FEF0EAB" box="[548,705,684,710]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2002-04-23">23 Apr. 2002</date>
(4Ψ) C. Harp (
<collectingCountry id="F3083BA83A4C4302FCE0A4B84E8C0EAB" box="[889,930,684,710]" name="Switzerland" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">CH</collectingCountry>
);
<quantity id="4CE7D6DD3A4C4302FC25A4B84EDC0EAB" box="[956,1010,684,710]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.218688" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mi" value="2.0">2 mi</quantity>
W of Big Spring, gas station,
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FEDFA4C04C590E83" box="[326,375,724,750]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1920-01">I20</date>
at mkr. #174, 2470',
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FDE3A4C04E370E83" box="[634,793,724,750]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2002-04-24">24 Apr. 2002</date>
(7ɗ 3Ψ), C. Harp (
<collectingCountry id="F3083BA83A4C4302FB89A4C049100E83" box="[1040,1086,724,750]" name="Switzerland" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">CH</collectingCountry>
).
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4C4302FBCDA4C049DF0E83" box="[1108,1265,724,750]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">JEFF DAVIS</collectionCode>
CO. Fort Davis, Fort Davis Motor Inn,
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FD04A4E84E050F7B" box="[669,811,764,790]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1996-09-08">8 Sep. 1996</date>
, J.K. Adams (JKA). Limpia Canyon, Davis Mts.,
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FED2A5304CF50F53" box="[331,475,804,830]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1991-08-08">8 Aug. 1991</date>
(4ɗ 9Ψ) E.H. Metzler (EHM).
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4C4302FCC9A5304EB10F53" box="[848,927,804,830]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">KERR</collectionCode>
CO. Kerrville,
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FBCDA53049E50F53" box="[1108,1227,804,830]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1900-05">May 1900</date>
(1ɗ),
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FA85A5304C510F0B" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1959-04-06">6 Apr. 1959</date>
(1ɗ 1Ψ),
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FD9DA5584FBD0F0B" box="[516,659,844,870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1959-04-07">7 Apr. 1959</date>
(1ɗ),
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FD75A5584EA40F0B" box="[748,906,844,870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1959-04-19">19 Apr. 1959</date>
(2ɗ), R.H. Whitmore (
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4C4302FB3BA55849CA0F0B" box="[1186,1252,844,870]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">CNC</collectionCode>
). LA
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4C4302FE91A5604C4D0FE3" box="[264,355,884,910]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">SALLE</collectionCode>
CO. [no specific locality] (TLA).
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4C4302FC91A5604E450FE3" box="[776,875,884,910]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">LLANO</collectionCode>
CO. Llano,
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FB9CA56049870FE3" box="[1029,1193,884,910]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1906-03-14">14 Mar. 1906</date>
(1Ψ), F.C. Pratt. MARTIN CO. Stanton, gas station off Hwy.
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FCCFA5884EFB0FDB" box="[854,981,924,950]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2660-01-20">I20, 2660</date>
',
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FC7AA58849530FDB" box="[995,1149,924,950]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2002-04-24">24 Apr. 2002</date>
(2ɗ), C. Harp (
<collectingCountry id="F3083BA83A4C4302FE88A5D04C110FB3" box="[273,319,964,990]" name="Switzerland" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">CH</collectingCountry>
). MAVERICK CO. [no specific locality] (TLA) (
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4C4302FC15A5D04EC30FB3" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[908,1005,964,990]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">AMNH</collectionCode>
).
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4C4302FB9BA5D049730FB3" box="[1026,1117,964,990]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">PECOS</collectionCode>
CO. [no specific locality] (TLA) (RL). RANDALL CO. Palo Duro State Park (RL).
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4C4302FB8CA5F8494C086B" box="[1045,1122,1004,1030]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">REAL</collectionCode>
CO. Rio Frio,
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FA97A5F84C510843" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1910-05-11">11 May 1910</date>
(2Ψ), F.C. Pratt. SAN PATRICIO CO. [no specific locality] (TLA).
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4C4302FB0EA20049DD0843" box="[1175,1267,1044,1070]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">STARR</collectionCode>
CO. Falcon State Park,
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FE7BA2284F53083B" box="[482,637,1084,1110]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1988-04-11">11 Apr. 1988</date>
, E. Knudson (ECK). TARRANT CO. [no specific locality] (TLA). TERRELL CO. Sanderson,
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FD30A2704E1B0813" box="[681,821,1124,1150]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1996-09-06">6 Sep. 1996</date>
, J.K. Adams (JKA). TRAVIS CO. [no specific locality] (TLA). UVALDE CO. Concan,
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FCB4A2984EE308CB" box="[813,973,1164,1190]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1992-04-30">30 Apr. 1992</date>
, R. Leuschner (RL). Sabinal,
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FE91A2A04CAF08A3" box="[264,385,1204,1230]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1910-04">Apr. 1910</date>
(2Ψ),
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FE4CA2A04F5708A3" box="[469,633,1204,1230]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1910-05-26">26 May 1910</date>
(1Ψ), F.C. Pratt; Concan, Neal’s Lodges, 1300',
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FB57A2A04C6C089B" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1990-04-19">19 Apr. 1990</date>
(1Ψ), N. McFarland (
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4C4302FDD8A2C84FAD089B" box="[577,643,1244,1270]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">CNC</collectionCode>
). VAL
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4C4302FD4FA2C84E16089B" box="[726,824,1244,1270]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">VERDE</collectionCode>
CO. [no specific locality] (TLA). Del Rio,
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FE91A3104CBC0973" box="[264,402,1284,1310]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1922-04-01">1 Apr. 1922</date>
(1Ψ),
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FE44A3104F5B0973" box="[477,629,1284,1310]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1959-04-25">25 Apr. 1959</date>
(1ɗ 1Ψ), M.R. MacKay (
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4C4302FC3EA3104EC70973" box="[935,1001,1284,1310]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">CNC</collectionCode>
). VICTORIA CO. Victoria,
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FE91A3384C7C092B" box="[264,338,1324,1350]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">4 Apr.</date>
(1ɗ).
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4C4302FE33A3384CD1092B" box="[426,511,1324,1350]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">WEBB</collectionCode>
CO. Laredo,
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FD3AA3384E6A092B" box="[675,836,1324,1350]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1951-09-26">26 Sep. 1951</date>
(1ɗ), male genitalia slide
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4C4302FBE5A33849FF092B" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[1148,1233,1324,1350]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">USNM</collectionCode>
47000, A.B. Gurney. WILLIAMSON CO. Georgetown,
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FCCAA3404EDC0903" box="[851,1010,1364,1390]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1937-04-10">10 Apr. 1937</date>
(1Ψ),
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FBDDA34049CA0903" box="[1092,1252,1364,1390]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1937-04-14">14 Apr. 1937</date>
(1Ψ), female genitalia slide
<collectionCode id="ED0EE3FD3A4C4302FD93A3684F7109FB" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[522,607,1404,1430]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">USNM</collectionCode>
47001,
<date id="FFA15DF83A4C4302FD21A3684FFA09FB" box="[696,724,1404,1430]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1937-04-16">16</date>
Apr. 1937 (1ɗ), L.J. Milne.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30528B33A4C4302FEA1A3B04E280A58" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA07B383A4C4302FEA1A3B04E280A58" blockId="4.[264,1324,283,1590]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4C4302FEA1A3B04CED09D3" bold="true" box="[312,451,1444,1470]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Discussion.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E06C93A4C4302FE53A3B04F4F09D3" author="Grote" box="[458,609,1444,1470]" pageId="4" pageNumber="10" refString="Grote, A. R. (1875) Descriptions of North American moths. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 5, 113 - 118." type="journal article" year="1875">Grote (1875)</bibRefCitation>
placed
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A4C4302FD22A3B04E3409D0" box="[699,794,1444,1469]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupes">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4C4302FD22A3B04E3409D0" box="[699,794,1444,1469]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">S. cupes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A4C4302FCA7A3B04E8709D0" box="[830,937,1444,1469]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Heliothis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4C4302FCA7A3B04E8709D0" box="[830,937,1444,1469]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Heliothis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
where it remained until he transferred it to
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4C4302FE0DA3D84F0D0988" box="[404,547,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Trichosellus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E06C93A4C4302FDACA3D84FED098B" author="Grote" box="[565,707,1484,1510]" pageId="4" pageNumber="10" refString="Grote, A. R. (1890) North American Lepidoptera. Revised checklist of the North American Noctuidae. Part 1. Thyatirinae - Noctuinae. Homeyer and Meyer, Bremen. 52 pp." type="book" year="1890">Grote 1890</bibRefCitation>
). In McDunnough’s (1938) checklist,
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A4C4302FB09A3D849DD0988" box="[1168,1267,1484,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupes">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4C4302FB09A3D849DD0988" box="[1168,1267,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">S. cupes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was retained in Grote’s genus
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4C4302FDD8A3E04FFE0A60" box="[577,720,1524,1549]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Trichosellus</emphasis>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A4C4302FC8EA3E04EBF0A60" box="[791,913,1524,1549]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crotchii">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4C4302FC8EA3E04EBF0A60" box="[791,913,1524,1549]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">S. crotchii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was treated as a synonym. Smith (1883) correctly placed
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A4C4302FDB8A0084FAF0A58" box="[545,641,1564,1589]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupes">
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4C4302FDB8A0084FAF0A58" box="[545,641,1564,1589]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">S. cupes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<emphasis id="B96BA72A3A4C4302FD3FA0084E280A58" box="[678,774,1564,1589]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<taxonomicName id="4C1F00BB3A4C4302FD3FA0084E2C0A58" box="[678,770,1564,1589]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Schinia</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>