412 lines
50 KiB
XML
412 lines
50 KiB
XML
<document id="AAC871C740B2EB1F136A571140BC1562" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5033.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5499124" ID-ZooBank="4314F784-A510-4F36-9E11-ED1EAC83CEBF" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1631246977811" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Johnson, Robert A." docDate="2021" docId="5027B677FFFBA42BFF25FA05FDE86819" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5033.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5033 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5033.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Pogonomyrmex atratus Santschi 1922" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="54" masterDocId="AC1ECE0FFFCAA41EFFB2FF86FFC76B0C" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of South American species of the seed-harvester ant genus Pogonomyrmex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Part II" masterLastPageNumber="230" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="50" updateTime="1699406547276" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="33588D14D0788763EE7FC0A67074C450">
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<mods:title id="EC0D92831ED0810FFC4622A123EFC719">A taxonomic revision of South American species of the seed-harvester ant genus Pogonomyrmex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Part II</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1800B67B4E66F288A82CAC6E6F208A0D">Johnson, Robert A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="276949882E901EA5647305D1610028F0">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="14B0BFDB6379F11EB9CEC39B4322DCDA">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="A25CA03EED45C8511092400944B11014">
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<mods:date id="0F64ADA445CE0B94A58CE1CB6BD2E9B4">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="CE6393845D6C787EC13602B0908641E7">2021-09-10</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="94D082A0F1BA356C89216C1993D093AA" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="8E3018E9C59AD320812623AF2118D686">5033</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="D8DB0B74284E9D45E72C37A7D1D84FD1">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5033.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="9C3B12D327091BF86BC03611FAF0BB50">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="8F34A6614E381BD71CAB0F327007FD6C" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5033.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="8EEE38EB58BEF8E087B8204A2CE85BAB" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<subSubSection id="909454EAFFFBA42FFF25FA05FE756E91" box="[151,434,1411,1437]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D8310761FFFBA42FFF25FA05FE756E91" blockId="49.[151,434,1411,1509]" box="[151,434,1411,1437]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<heading id="8379B00DFFFBA42FFF25FA05FE756E91" bold="true" box="[151,434,1411,1437]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFFBA42FFF25FA05FE756E91" ID-CoL="6W4M7" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1922" box="[151,434,1411,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atratus">
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<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFBA42FFF25FA05FE756E91" bold="true" box="[151,434,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Pogonomyrmex atratus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="909454EAFFFBA42FFF25FA21FEAC6EE9" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="D8310761FFFBA42FFF25FA21FED16ECD" blockId="49.[151,434,1411,1509]" box="[151,278,1447,1473]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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(
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<figureCitation id="40B51BE4FFFBA42FFF2DFA21FEC96ECD" box="[159,270,1447,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[400,1185,181,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-19@50.[400,1186,181,1908]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 21. Photographs of Pogonomyrmex atratus worker: (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (CASENT0281101). Photographs by Shannon Hartman from www.AntWeb.org." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5499182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5499182/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Figure 21</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D8310761FFFBA42FFF25FA4DFEAC6EE9" blockId="49.[151,434,1411,1509]" box="[151,363,1483,1509]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Distribution—22A</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="909454EAFFFBA42FFF25F996FCB96D8F" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="D8310761FFFBA42FFF25F996FBC26D68" blockId="49.[151,1437,1551,1667]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="F89E204FFFFBA42FFF25F996FBC26D68" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<treatmentCitation id="592F2170FFFBA42FFF25F996FCDD6D2B" author="Santschi, F." box="[151,794,1551,1575]" page="347" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" year="1922">
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<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFFBA42FFF25F996FCDD6D2B" authority="Santschi, 1922 b: 347" authorityName="Santschi" authorityPageNumber="347" authorityYear="1922" box="[151,794,1551,1575]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="vermiculatus" variety="atrata">
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<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFBA42FFF25F996FE056D2B" box="[151,450,1551,1575]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Pogonomyrmex vermiculatus</emphasis>
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var.
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<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFBA42FFE4BF996FDF06D2B" box="[505,567,1552,1575]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">atrata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="BC1F7A90FFFBA42FFDF2F989FCDD6D2B" author="Santschi, F." box="[576,794,1551,1575]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="345 - 378" refId="ref149318" refString="Santschi, F. (1922 b) Myrmicines, dolichoderines et autres formicides neotropiques. Bulletin de la Societe Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles, 54, 345 - 378." type="journal article" year="1922">Santschi, 1922b: 347</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(worker).
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<typeStatus id="0735B9C3FFFBA42FFC39F989FC2F6D2B" box="[907,1000,1551,1575]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
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examined:
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<specimenCount id="CE88CCE8FFFBA42FFBD1F989FB0D6D2B" box="[1123,1226,1551,1575]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="worker">2 workers</specimenCount>
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[MACN],
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<specimenCount id="CE88CCE8FFFBA42FFA8DF989FA5B6D2B" box="[1343,1436,1551,1575]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="worker">1 worker</specimenCount>
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[MHNG],
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<specimenCount id="CE88CCE8FFFBA42FFE81F9A8FE626D4A" box="[307,421,1582,1606]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="worker">11 workers</specimenCount>
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[MLPA].
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<collectingCountry id="A09947F1FFFBA42FFDBFF9A8FD646D4A" box="[525,675,1582,1606]" name="Argentina" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">ARGENTINA</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="1A4AC983FFFBA42FFD1CF9A8FCB56D4A" box="[686,882,1582,1606]" country="Argentina" name="Mendoza" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Mendoza Province</collectingRegion>
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: Tres Esquinas (Dr. Carette). See also
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<treatmentCitation id="592F2170FFFBA42FFB4EF9A8FF286D69" author="Gallardo, A." page="139" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" year="1932">
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<bibRefCitation id="BC1F7A90FFFBA42FFB4EF9A8FF286D69" author="Gallardo, A." pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="89 - 170" refId="ref147135" refString="Gallardo, A. (1932) Las hormigas de la Republica Argentina. Subfamilia Mirmicinas, segunda seccion Eumyrmicinae, tribu Myrmicini (F. Smith), genero Pogonomyrmex Mayr. Anales del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural " Bernardino Rivadavia ", Buenos Aires, 37, 89 - 170." type="journal article" year="1932">Gallardo, 1932: 139</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, fig. 25. MHNG worker here designated
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<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFBA42FFD3DF9CAFCEC6D68" bold="true" box="[655,811,1612,1636]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<typeStatus id="0735B9C3FFFBA42FFD3DF9CAFCEC6D68" box="[655,811,1612,1636]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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[CASENT0173346].
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D8310761FFFBA42FFF25F9EAFCB96D8F" blockId="49.[151,1437,1551,1667]" box="[151,894,1643,1667]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="F89E204FFFFBA42FFF25F9EAFCB96D8F" box="[151,894,1643,1667]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFFBA42FFF25F9EAFE226D8F" ID-CoL="6W4M7" authority="Santschi" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1922" box="[151,485,1643,1667]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atratus">
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<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFBA42FFF25F9EAFE426D8F" box="[151,389,1644,1667]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Pogonomyrmex atratus</emphasis>
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Santschi
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="592F2170FFFBA42FFE5CF9EAFD016D8F" author="Kusnezov, N." box="[494,710,1643,1667]" page="251" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" year="1951">
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<bibRefCitation id="BC1F7A90FFFBA42FFE5CF9EAFD016D8F" author="Kusnezov, N." box="[494,710,1643,1667]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="227 - 333" refId="ref147561" refString="Kusnezov, N. (1951) El genero Pogonomyrmex Mayr (Hym., Formicidae). Acta Zoologica Lilloana, 11, 227 - 333." type="journal article" year="1951">Kusnezov, 1951: 251</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, raised to species.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="909454EAFFFBA42AFF25F937FE086EE9" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="description">
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<paragraph id="D8310761FFFBA42FFF25F937FA5C6C1F" blockId="49.[151,1437,1713,2028]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFBA42FFF25F937FEB46DC7" bold="true" box="[151,371,1713,1739]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Worker diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Workers of this species are uniquely characterized by the following combination of features: (1) first gastral tergum smooth and shining, lacking striae, (2) body concolorous black, (3) longitudinal rugae on cephalic dorsum irregular, widely spaced, and (4) interrugae on cephalic dorsum strongly granulate, dull (
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<figureCitation id="40B51BE4FFFBA42FFAAFF97FFA496C1F" box="[1309,1422,1785,1811]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[400,1185,181,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-19@50.[400,1186,181,1908]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 21. Photographs of Pogonomyrmex atratus worker: (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (CASENT0281101). Photographs by Shannon Hartman from www.AntWeb.org." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5499182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5499182/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Figure 21</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D8310761FFFBA42FFF75F89BFDB46CA8" blockId="49.[151,1437,1713,2028]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFBA42FFF75F89BFEB16C3B" bold="true" box="[199,374,1821,1847]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Measurements</emphasis>
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—
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<typeStatus id="0735B9C3FFFBA42FFE21F89BFE3E6C3B" box="[403,505,1821,1847]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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(
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<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFBA42FFDBCF898FDDB6C3B" box="[526,540,1822,1847]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">n</emphasis>
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= 12). HL 1.78 (1.60–1.80); HW 1.73 (1.62–1.92); MOD 0.38 (0.34–0.43); OMD 0.42 (0.36–0.54); SL 1.25 (1.14–1.45); PNW 1.14 (1.04–1.30); HFL 1.71 (1.51–2.03); ML 1.96 (1.86–2.47); PW 0.41 (0.40–0.50); PPW 0.59 (0.54–0.71). Indices: SI 72.25 (69.51–80.49); CI 97.19 (97.59–106.67); OI 21.97 (20.61–24.57); HFI 98.84 (87.50–121.56).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D8310761FFFBA42AFF75F82BFD8A6AF9" blockId="49.[151,1437,1713,2028]" lastBlockId="52.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFBA42FFF75F82BFEB26CCB" bold="true" box="[199,373,1965,1991]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Redescription.</emphasis>
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Head quadrate to subquadrate (CI = 97.19–106.67), widest just posterior to eyes; posterior margin flat to weakly convex in full-face view. Longitudinal rugae on cephalic dorsum prominent, rugae irregular and widely spaced; in full-face view, medial rugae weakly diverging toward posterior corners of head. Interrugae on cephalic dorsum strongly granulate, dull; posterior corners rugose, interrugae mostly smooth and shining. Anterior margin of clypeus strongly concave; dorsal surface with numerous subparallel, longitudinal rugae. Numerous long, curved, bristle-like, yellowish macrochaetae project from anterior margin of clypeus and basolateral margin of mandibles. Mandibles with six to eight teeth, most commonly seven (29% with six teeth, 66% with seven teeth, 5% with eight teeth,
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<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFEA42AFEE6FECDFEA56A68" box="[340,354,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">n</emphasis>
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= 38). Mandibular dorsum coarsely rugose. MOD ranging from 0.20–0.25× HL. In profile, eyes situated slightly anterior to middle of head, OMD = 0.95–1.29× MOD. In full-face view, eyes protruding slightly beyond lateral margins of head. Antennal scapes (SI = 69.51–80.49) failing to reach posterior corners of head by less than length of basal funicular segment; scapes shining, basal flange moderately well developed with carinate margin. Psammophore well developed.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="8CF157E9FFF8A42CFF25F80AFB956CC5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5499182" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5499182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5499182/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" startId="50.[151,250,1932,1956]" targetBox="[400,1185,181,1908]" targetPageId="50">
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||
<paragraph id="D8310761FFF8A42CFF25F80AFB956CC5" blockId="50.[151,1436,1932,1993]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFF8A42CFF25F80AFED86CA8" bold="true" box="[151,287,1932,1956]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">FIGURE 21.</emphasis>
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Photographs of
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<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFF8A42CFE77F80BFD756CA8" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1922" box="[453,690,1933,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atratus">
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<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFF8A42CFE77F80BFD756CA8" box="[453,690,1933,1956]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Pogonomyrmex atratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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worker: (
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<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFF8A42CFCA7F80AFCE06CA8" bold="true" box="[789,807,1932,1956]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">A</emphasis>
|
||
) frontal view of head, (
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFF8A42CFBA4F80BFBE06CA9" bold="true" box="[1046,1063,1933,1957]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">B</emphasis>
|
||
) lateral view of body, and (
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFF8A42CFA8CF80AFA976CA8" bold="true" box="[1342,1360,1932,1956]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">C</emphasis>
|
||
) dorsal view of body (CASENT0281101). Photographs by Shannon Hartman from www.AntWeb.org.
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||
</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="8CF157E9FFF9A42DFF25F8FDFB916CBB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5499186" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5499186" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5499186/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" startId="51.[151,250,1915,1939]" targetBox="[423,1160,181,1891]" targetPageId="51">
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||
<paragraph id="D8310761FFF9A42DFF25F8FDFB916CBB" blockId="51.[151,1436,1915,1976]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
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<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFF9A42DFF25F8FDFED86C9F" bold="true" box="[151,287,1915,1939]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">FIGURE 22.</emphasis>
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Geographic distribution of: (A)
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<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFF9A42DFDD6F8FAFC966C9F" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1922" box="[612,849,1916,1939]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atratus">
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<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFF9A42DFDD6F8FAFC966C9F" box="[612,849,1916,1939]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Pogonomyrmex atratus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, (B)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFF9A42DFC31F8FAFBC26C9F" authorityName="Johnson" authorityYear="2021" box="[899,1029,1915,1939]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bolivianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFF9A42DFC31F8FAFBC26C9F" box="[899,1029,1915,1939]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">P. bolivianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and (C)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFF9A42DFBD0F8FAFB316C9F" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1868" box="[1122,1270,1915,1939]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carbonarius">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFF9A42DFBD0F8FAFB316C9F" box="[1122,1270,1915,1939]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">P. carbonarius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The large black circle in each panel denotes the type locality. See text regarding the type locality for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFF9A42DFC42F826FB966CBB" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1922" box="[1008,1105,1952,1975]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFF9A42DFC42F826FB966CBB" box="[1008,1105,1952,1975]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">P. atratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="D8310761FFFEA42AFF75FE79FC1A6835" blockId="52.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Mesosomal profile weakly to moderately convex; all mesosomal surfaces with prominent, weakly to strongly irregular, subparallel rugae, occasionally rugoreticulate to vermiculate. In dorsal view, humeral shoulders of pronotum enlarged, dorsolateral margin weakly to strongly angulate. Dorsum of promesonotum with longitudinal rugae that diverge toward humeral shoulders of pronotum then traverse posteroventrally or longitudinally on pronotal sides; rugae on mesopleura angle posterodorsally. Superior propodeal spines well developed, slightly shorter than distance between their bases, spines connected by well defined keel; irregular transverse rugae on dorsum of propodeum traverse ventrally or anteroventrally on sides. Inferior propodeal spines, wider than high, tips rounded to weakly acuminate. Propodeal spiracles narrowly ovate facing posterad. Interrugae on mesosoma moderately to strongly granulate, dull to weakly shining. Legs weakly shining to shining.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D8310761FFFEA42AFF75FCC5FBBF6F55" blockId="52.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Peduncle of petiole about 0.8× as long as petiolar node, anteroventral margin often with wide, rounded expansion, but lacking a triangular process. In profile, posterior surface of petiolar node weakly convex; node asymmetrical with anterior surface notably shorter than posterior surface, apex angulate to weakly rounded. In dorsal view, petiolar node longer than wide, widest near rounded to spatulate anterior margin. Sides and posterior surface of petiolar node with regular to weakly irregular transverse rugae. Dorsum of postpetiole convex in profile; in dorsal view, widest at or near posterior margin, narrowing anterad, maximum width about equal to length. Transverse rugae on dorsum of postpetiole finer, denser than those on posterior surface of petiolar node; interrugae on both surfaces moderately granulate-punctate, weakly shining. First gastral tergum smooth and shining.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D8310761FFFEA42AFF75FBE5FDBA6E3D" blockId="52.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
Erect, white pilosity moderately abundant on head, most hairs uniformly short (<0.5× MOD) with one to few longer hairs approaching to exceeding MOD. Moderately abundant suberect to semidecumbent pilosity on scape; abundant decumbent hairs on funicular segments. Legs with moderately abundant suberect to semidecumbent white setae. Mesosoma, petiolar node, postpetiole, gastral terga with moderately dense, erect white setae, often similar in length, longest not exceeding MOD. Body concolorous black; mandibles, distal funicular segments, tarsi often slightly lighter brownish-black (
|
||
<figureCitation id="40B51BE4FFFEA42AFE4DFA91FDB76E3D" box="[511,624,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[400,1185,181,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-19@50.[400,1186,181,1908]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 21. Photographs of Pogonomyrmex atratus worker: (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (CASENT0281101). Photographs by Shannon Hartman from www.AntWeb.org." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5499182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5499182/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Figure 21</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D8310761FFFEA42AFF75FABCFE5E6E59" blockId="52.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,409,1338,1365]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFEA42AFF75FABCFEDB6E58" bold="true" box="[199,284,1338,1364]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Queen.</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D8310761FFFEA42AFF75FAD9FE4F6E75" blockId="52.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,392,1375,1401]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFEA42AFF75FAD9FECC6E75" bold="true" box="[199,267,1375,1401]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Male.</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D8310761FFFEA42AFF75FA04FE086EE9" blockId="52.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFEA42AFF75FA04FDF56E90" bold="true" box="[199,562,1410,1436]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Additional material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="68E60D3CFFFEA42AFD84FA04FE0D6EE9" collectingDate="2008-01-24" collectionCode="IFML, LACM, MACN, MCZC, RAJC, UCDC, USNM" collectorName="Rt & NW El Sosneado" country="Argentina" location="El Sosneado" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mendoza">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFEA42AFD84FA04FC9C6E91" bold="true" box="[566,859,1410,1437]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A09947F1FFFEA42AFD84FA04FD216E90" box="[566,742,1410,1436]" name="Argentina" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">ARGENTINA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFEA42AFD43FA04FC9C6E91" bold="true" box="[753,859,1410,1437]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1A4AC983FFFEA42AFD43FA04FC9C6E91" box="[753,859,1410,1437]" country="Argentina" name="Mendoza" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Mendoza</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectorName id="757B62B7FFFEA42AFCDBFA05FC446E91" box="[873,899,1411,1437]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Rt</collectorName>
|
||
220 at 40.0 km
|
||
<collectorName id="757B62B7FFFEA42AFB86FA05FB326E91" box="[1076,1269,1411,1437]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
NW
|
||
<location id="DD5151BAFFFEA42AFBDAFA05FB326E91" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5027B677FFFBA42BFF25FA05FDE86819:DD5151BAFFFEA42AFBDAFA05FB326E91" box="[1128,1269,1411,1437]" country="Argentina" name="El Sosneado" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" stateProvince="Mendoza">El Sosneado</location>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
, 6580’,
|
||
<date id="AC3021A1FFFEA42AFAFCFA05FF086ECD" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2008-01-24">
|
||
<collectingDate id="BC74D849FFFEA42AFAFCFA05FF086ECD" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2008-01-24">Jan 24, 2008</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="BE9F9FA4FFFEA42AFF6FFA21FEE26ECD" box="[221,293,1447,1473]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">IFML</collectionCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="BE9F9FA4FFFEA42AFE82FA21FE426ECD" box="[304,389,1447,1473]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="Museum">LACM</collectionCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="BE9F9FA4FFFEA42AFE3DFA21FE206ECD" box="[399,487,1447,1473]" country="Argentina" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pyng-6456" name="Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales Bernardino Rivadavia" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="Museum">MACN</collectionCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="BE9F9FA4FFFEA42AFE43FA21FD836ECD" box="[497,580,1447,1473]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">MCZC</collectionCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="BE9F9FA4FFFEA42AFDFCFA21FD516ECD" box="[590,662,1447,1473]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">RAJC</collectionCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="BE9F9FA4FFFEA42AFD13FA21FD356ECD" box="[673,754,1447,1473]" country="USA" name="R. M. Bohart Museum of Entomology" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="Museum">UCDC</collectionCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="BE9F9FA4FFFEA42AFD4FFA21FC946ECD" box="[765,851,1447,1473]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
); Rt 220 at
|
||
<locationDeviation id="C9831E43FFFEA42AFC63FA21FB336ECD" box="[977,1268,1447,1473]" location="El Sosneado" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<quantity id="1F76AA84FFFEA42AFC63FA21FBEB6ECD" box="[977,1068,1447,1473]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.17" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="km" value="41.7">41.7 km</quantity>
|
||
NW El Sosneado
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
, 6650’,
|
||
<date id="AC3021A1FFFEA42AFAFFFA21FF086EE9" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2008-01-24">
|
||
<collectingDate id="BC74D849FFFEA42AFAFFFA21FF086EE9" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2008-01-24">Jan 24, 2008</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="BE9F9FA4FFFEA42AFF6CFA4DFEE16EE9" box="[222,294,1483,1509]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">RAJC</collectionCode>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="40B51BE4FFFEA42AFE8EFA4DFE056EE9" box="[316,450,1483,1509]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1915,1939]" captionTargetBox="[423,1160,181,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-15@51.[423,1165,181,1891]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 22. Geographic distribution of: (A) Pogonomyrmex atratus, (B) P. bolivianus, and (C) P. carbonarius. The large black circle in each panel denotes the type locality. See text regarding the type locality for P. atratus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5499186" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5499186/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Figure 22A</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="909454EAFFFEA42AFF75FA69FD526D21" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="D8310761FFFEA42AFF75FA69FD526D21" blockId="52.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFEA42AFF75FA69FE896D05" bold="true" box="[199,334,1519,1545]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific epithet,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFFEA42AFD8DFA69FD496D04" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1922" box="[575,654,1519,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFEA42AFD8DFA69FD496D04" box="[575,654,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">atratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Latin,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFFEA42AFD5AFA69FCF06D04" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1922" box="[744,823,1519,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFEA42AFD5AFA69FCF06D04" box="[744,823,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">atratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
= clothed in black), refers to the deep black coloration that Santschi noted in the species description.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="909454EAFFFEA42BFF75F9B0FCFF6A11" lastPageId="53" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="D8310761FFFEA42AFF75F9B0FE4C6C99" blockId="52.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFEA42AFF75F9B0FE8B6D5C" bold="true" box="[199,332,1590,1616]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFFEA42AFEE1F9B1FD9F6D5C" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1922" box="[339,600,1591,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFEA42AFEE1F9B1FD9F6D5C" box="[339,600,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Pogonomyrmex atratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
likely co-occurs with an unidentified congener that was part of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="0735B9C3FFFEA42AFAF7F9B1FA5B6D5D" box="[1349,1436,1591,1617]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
series. This worker lacked striae on the first gastral tergum, the superior propodeal spines consisted of denticles, and a coloration that consisted of head orangish-brown, dorsum of pronotum and mesonotum dark reddish to reddishblack, rest of body black. A label was added to this pin saying “Not a
|
||
<typeStatus id="0735B9C3FFFEA42AFC15F925FC396DB1" box="[935,1022,1699,1725]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFFEA42AFB96F925FE8E6DED" authority="Santschi" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1922" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="vermiculatus" variety="atrata">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFEA42AFB96F925FAAB6DB1" box="[1060,1388,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Pogonomyrmex vermiculatus</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFEA42AFF25F941FF1C6DEC" box="[151,219,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">atrata</emphasis>
|
||
Santschi
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFFEA42AFEECF941FD586DED" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1868" box="[350,671,1735,1761]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carbonarius">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFEA42AFEECF941FD586DED" box="[350,671,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Pogonomyrmex carbonarius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFFEA42AFD5EF941FC4F6DED" baseAuthorityName="Johnson" baseAuthorityYear="2015" box="[748,904,1735,1761]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevibarbis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFEA42AFD5EF941FC4F6DED" box="[748,904,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">P. brevibarbis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-group species occur near areas inhabited by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFFEA42AFA3AF941FF216C08" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1922" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFEA42AFA3AF941FF216C08" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">P. atratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFFEA42AFF47F96DFE3D6C08" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1922" box="[245,506,1771,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFEA42AFF47F96DFE3D6C08" box="[245,506,1771,1796]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Pogonomyrmex atratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFFEA42AFD44F96DFC566C09" baseAuthorityName="Johnson" baseAuthorityYear="2015" box="[758,913,1771,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevibarbis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFEA42AFD44F96DFC566C09" box="[758,913,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">P. brevibarbis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-group species by presence of transverse rugae on the posterior surface of the petiolar node and dorsum of postpetiole (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFFEA42AFC79F889FBAF6C25" baseAuthorityName="Johnson" baseAuthorityYear="2015" box="[971,1128,1807,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevibarbis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFEA42AFC79F889FBAF6C25" box="[971,1128,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">P. brevibarbis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-group species usually lack rugae on both segments).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFFEA42AFE72F8B5FD0F6C40" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1922" box="[448,712,1843,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFEA42AFE72F8B5FD0F6C40" box="[448,712,1843,1868]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Pogonomyrmex atratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFFEA42AFC79F8B5FBB66C41" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1868" box="[971,1137,1843,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carbonarius">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFEA42AFC79F8B5FBB66C41" box="[971,1137,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">P. carbonarius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and all other concolorous black congeners by lacking striae on the first gastral tergum (striae present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFFEA42AFC44F8D1FB5D6C7D" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1868" box="[1014,1178,1879,1905]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carbonarius">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFEA42AFC44F8D1FB5D6C7D" box="[1014,1178,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">P. carbonarius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and all other concolorous black congeners).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D8310761FFFEA42BFF75F819FCFF6A11" blockId="52.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="53.[151,1437,151,789]" lastPageId="53" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BC1F7A90FFFEA42AFF75F819FE416CB6" author="Santschi, F." box="[199,390,1951,1978]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" pagination="345 - 378" refId="ref149318" refString="Santschi, F. (1922 b) Myrmicines, dolichoderines et autres formicides neotropiques. Bulletin de la Societe Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles, 54, 345 - 378." type="journal article" year="1922">Santschi (1922b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFFEA42AFDB2F819FDAD6CB4" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1922" box="[512,618,1951,1976]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFEA42AFDB2F819FDAD6CB4" box="[512,618,1951,1976]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">P. atratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a variety of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFFEA42AFCA5F819FC036CB5" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1906" box="[791,964,1951,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermiculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFEA42AFCA5F819FC036CB5" box="[791,964,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">P. vermiculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BC1F7A90FFFEA42AFBB3F819FB046CB5" author="Kusnezov, N." box="[1025,1219,1950,1977]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" pagination="227 - 333" refId="ref147561" refString="Kusnezov, N. (1951) El genero Pogonomyrmex Mayr (Hym., Formicidae). Acta Zoologica Lilloana, 11, 227 - 333." type="journal article" year="1951">Kusnezov (1951)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
raised
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFFEA42AFAA6F819FAB86CB4" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1922" box="[1300,1407,1951,1976]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFEA42AFAA6F819FAB86CB4" box="[1300,1407,1951,1976]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">P. atratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to species level saying only that sculpturing on the thorax was distinct from that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFFEA42AFBAAF845FB036CD1" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1906" box="[1048,1220,1987,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermiculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFEA42AFBAAF845FB036CD1" box="[1048,1220,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">P. vermiculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. He also wrote that this sculpturing was similar to that on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFFFA42BFDFCFF11FD336BBD" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1868" box="[590,756,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carbonarius">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFFA42BFDFCFF11FD336BBD" box="[590,756,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">P. carbonarius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from which it differed by lacking striae on the first gastral tergum. Based on this similarity,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BC1F7A90FFFFA42BFDB4FF3DFD016BD9" author="Kusnezov, N." box="[518,710,186,213]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" pagination="227 - 333" refId="ref147561" refString="Kusnezov, N. (1951) El genero Pogonomyrmex Mayr (Hym., Formicidae). Acta Zoologica Lilloana, 11, 227 - 333." type="journal article" year="1951">Kusnezov (1951)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
indicated that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFFFA42BFCD8FF3DFC136BD8" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1922" box="[874,980,187,212]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFFA42BFCD8FF3DFC136BD8" box="[874,980,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">P. atratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
might be a subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFFFA42BFB40FF3DFA526BD9" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1868" box="[1266,1429,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carbonarius">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFFA42BFB40FF3DFA526BD9" box="[1266,1429,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">P. carbonarius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The large series of workers collected during this study affirm specific status for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFFFA42BFB9BFF59FB526BF4" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1922" box="[1065,1173,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFFA42BFB9BFF59FB526BF4" box="[1065,1173,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">P. atratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which previously was known from only
|
||
<typeStatus id="0735B9C3FFFFA42BFED3FE85FE7F6A11" box="[353,440,259,285]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
workers collected> 90 years ago.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="909454EAFFFFA42BFF75FEA0FDE86819" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="D8310761FFFFA42BFF75FEA0FF786AF9" blockId="53.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFFA42BFF75FEA0FEE06A4C" bold="true" box="[199,295,294,320]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
Workers are solitary, diurnal foragers that sometimes travel>
|
||
<quantity id="1F76AA84FFFFA42BFC52FEA1FBDE6A4D" box="[992,1049,295,321]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
|
||
to harvest seeds and related items. Nests are most easily located by baiting foragers with cookie crumbs, then following them to the nest. The two nests that I observed were in open habitat with tumuli that ranged from
|
||
<quantity id="1F76AA84FFFFA42BFCCAFEE8FC206A85" box="[888,999,366,393]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="cm" value="17.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="15.0">15–20 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter; one nest was under a rock with the tumulus at the edge of the rock, the other was in a clump of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFFFA42BFC23FE15FBAE6AA1" box="[913,1129,403,429]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Stipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFFA42BFC23FE15FC0C6AA1" box="[913,971,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Stipa</emphasis>
|
||
sp. (Poaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The site was dominated by sandy, gravelly, rocky soil. Partial nest excavations indicated that colonies contain approximately 500–
|
||
<specimenCount id="CE88CCE8FFFFA42BFA9AFE30FF7C6AF9" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="worker">800 workers</specimenCount>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D8310761FFFFA42BFF75FE79FDE86819" blockId="53.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFFFA42BFF75FE79FE086914" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1922" box="[199,463,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFFA42BFF75FE79FE086914" box="[199,463,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Pogonomyrmex atratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is only known from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="0735B9C3FFFFA42BFD5DFE79FCD86915" box="[751,799,511,537]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality at Tres Esquinas,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1A4AC983FFFFA42BFBE3FE79FB7B6915" box="[1105,1212,511,537]" country="Argentina" name="Mendoza" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Mendoza</collectingRegion>
|
||
, and one canyon in southwestern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1A4AC983FFFFA42BFE83FDA5FDC16931" box="[305,518,547,573]" country="Argentina" name="Mendoza" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Mendoza Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
. However, it seems doubtful that Tres Esquinas is the actual
|
||
<typeStatus id="0735B9C3FFFFA42BFB2DFDA5FB086931" box="[1183,1231,547,573]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality given that this area is in the Low Monte Desert ecoregion (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BC1F7A90FFFFA42BFD03FDC1FCB9696D" author="Olson, D. M. & Dinerstein, E. & Wikramanayake, E. D. & Burgess, N. D. & Powell, G. V. N. & Underwood, E. C. & D'Amico, J. A. & Itoua, I. & Strand, H. E. & Morrison, J. C. & Loucks, C. J. & Allnutt, T. F. & Ricketts, T. H. & Kura, Y. & Lamoreux, J. F. & Wettengel, W. W. & Hedao, P. & Kassem, K. R." box="[689,894,583,609]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" pagination="933 - 938" refId="ref148173" refString="Olson, D. M., Dinerstein, E., Wikramanayake, E. D., Burgess, N. D., Powell, G. V. N., Underwood, E. C., D'Amico, J. A., Itoua, I., Strand, H. E., Morrison, J. C., Loucks, C. J., Allnutt, T. F., Ricketts, T. H., Kura, Y., Lamoreux, J. F., Wettengel, W. W., Hedao, P. & Kassem, K. R. (2001) Terrestrial ecoregions of the world: a new map of life on Earth. Bioscience, 51 (11), 933 - 938. https: // doi. org / 10.1641 / 0006 - 3568 (2001) 051 [0933: TEOTWA] 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2001">
|
||
Olson
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFFA42BFD4EFDC1FCEA696D" box="[764,813,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2001
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), where only desert species such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFFFA42BFABFFDC1FA5A696C" authorityName="Johnson" authorityYear="2021" box="[1293,1437,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="propinqua">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFFA42BFABFFDC1FA5A696C" box="[1293,1437,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">P. propinqua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were collected. Based on habitats and elevations at which I collected
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFFFA42BFC1CFDEDFBDD6988" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1922" box="[942,1050,619,644]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFFA42BFC1CFDEDFBDD6988" box="[942,1050,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">P. atratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the true
|
||
<typeStatus id="0735B9C3FFFFA42BFB3BFDEDFB7E6989" box="[1161,1209,619,645]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality is probably west of Tres Esquinas in the foothills of the Andes. Overall,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F8E7CE2FFFFA42BFCF2FD09FC6C69A4" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1922" box="[832,939,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFFA42BFCF2FD09FC6C69A4" box="[832,939,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">P. atratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
inhabits elevations from
|
||
<quantity id="1F76AA84FFFFA42BFB7BFD08FAA269A5" box="[1225,1381,654,681]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0025" metricValueMax="2.0149999999999997" metricValueMin="1.9899999999999998" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="m" value="2002.5" valueMax="2015.0" valueMin="1990.0">1990–2015 m</quantity>
|
||
suggesting that this species inhabits foothill and mid-elevation habitats along the western side of the Andes in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1A4AC983FFFFA42BFA86FD35FA5B69C1" box="[1332,1436,691,717]" country="Argentina" name="Mendoza" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Mendoza</collectingRegion>
|
||
and possibly adjacent provinces. This species is only known from the Southern Andean steppe ecoregion, as defined by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BC1F7A90FFFFA42BFF08FD7DFE496819" author="Olson, D. M. & Dinerstein, E. & Wikramanayake, E. D. & Burgess, N. D. & Powell, G. V. N. & Underwood, E. C. & D'Amico, J. A. & Itoua, I. & Strand, H. E. & Morrison, J. C. & Loucks, C. J. & Allnutt, T. F. & Ricketts, T. H. & Kura, Y. & Lamoreux, J. F. & Wettengel, W. W. & Hedao, P. & Kassem, K. R." box="[186,398,763,789]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" pagination="933 - 938" refId="ref148173" refString="Olson, D. M., Dinerstein, E., Wikramanayake, E. D., Burgess, N. D., Powell, G. V. N., Underwood, E. C., D'Amico, J. A., Itoua, I., Strand, H. E., Morrison, J. C., Loucks, C. J., Allnutt, T. F., Ricketts, T. H., Kura, Y., Lamoreux, J. F., Wettengel, W. W., Hedao, P. & Kassem, K. R. (2001) Terrestrial ecoregions of the world: a new map of life on Earth. Bioscience, 51 (11), 933 - 938. https: // doi. org / 10.1641 / 0006 - 3568 (2001) 051 [0933: TEOTWA] 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2001">
|
||
Olson
|
||
<emphasis id="EAFADB73FFFFA42BFEB6FD7DFEF26819" box="[260,309,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2001)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="40B51BE4FFFFA42BFE2EFD7DFDE46819" box="[412,547,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1915,1939]" captionTargetBox="[423,1160,181,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-15@51.[423,1165,181,1891]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 22. Geographic distribution of: (A) Pogonomyrmex atratus, (B) P. bolivianus, and (C) P. carbonarius. The large black circle in each panel denotes the type locality. See text regarding the type locality for P. atratus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5499186" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5499186/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Figure 22A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |