192 lines
17 KiB
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192 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.790.28875" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0f877e87-73a7-4827-8179-5c8342fb5fa1" ID-PMC="PMC6198026" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-790-1" ID-PubMed="30364726" ID-ZBK="EA626489DE6A496AA788290A36F127BC" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970-790-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 790" ModsDocTitle="Stolonifera from shallow waters in the north-western Pacific: a description of a new genus and two new species within the Arulidae (Anthozoa, Octocorallia)" checkinTime="1539655225706" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lau, Yee Wah, Stokvis, Frank Robert, Ofwegen, Leendert Pieter van & Reimer, James Davis" docDate="2018" docId="DFE2BACBD17AB8E01F95EA25A1280A5C" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 790: 1-19" docOrigin="ZooKeys 790" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.790.28875" docTitle="Hana hanagasa Lau, Stokvis, Ofwegen & Reimer, 2018, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="698530D5-AD0B-4406-BB66-49547647E629" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="5" masterDocId="0274EB56FF86FFE340485D029A75FFC1" masterDocTitle="Stolonifera from shallow waters in the north-western Pacific: a description of a new genus and two new species within the Arulidae (Anthozoa, Octocorallia)" masterLastPageNumber="19" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1668166291246" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Stolonifera from shallow waters in the north-western Pacific: a description of a new genus and two new species within the Arulidae (Anthozoa, Octocorallia)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lau, Yee Wah</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Stokvis, Frank Robert</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ofwegen, Leendert Pieter van</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Reimer, James Davis</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>790</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>19</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.790.28875</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.790.28875</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-790-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">EA626489DE6A496AA788290A36F127BC</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">EA626489DE6A496AA788290A36F127BC</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="148771527" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:698530D5-AD0B-4406-BB66-49547647E629" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DFE2BACBD17AB8E01F95EA25A1280A5C" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/698530D5-AD0B-4406-BB66-49547647E629" class="Anthozoa" family="Arulidae" genus="Hana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hana hanagasa" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hanagasa">Hana hanagasa</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="3" pageNumber="4">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figures 2a, 3
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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All specimens are from Okinawa Island, Okinawa, Japan. Holotype: OKA170711-15, Canyon, Cape Hedo (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="26.8721">26°52.326'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="128.26659">128°15.995'E</geoCoordinate>
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), 17 m depth, coll. YW Lau, 11 July 2017 (MH845555; MH845545). Paratype 1: OKA170629-01, Iheya, Iheya Island (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="27.095167">27°5.710'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="128.03047">128° 1.828'E</geoCoordinate>
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), coll. R Janssen, 29 June 2017 (MH845559; MH844382). Paratype 2: OKA170711-06, Hedo Dome, Cape Hedo (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="26.852083">26°51.125'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="128.25044">128°15.027'E</geoCoordinate>
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), 6 m depth, coll. YW Lau, 11 July 2017 (MH845552). Paratype 3: OKA170711-07, Hedo Dome, Cape Hedo (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="26.852083">26°51.125'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="128.25044">128°15.027'E</geoCoordinate>
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), 6 m depth, coll. YW Lau, 11 July 2017. Paratype 4: OKA170711-08, Hedo Dome, Cape Hedo (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="26.852083">26°51.125'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="128.25044">128°15.027'E</geoCoordinate>
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), 10 m depth, coll. YW Lau, 11 July 2017 (MH845553). Paratype 5: OKA170711-10, Hedo Dome, Cape Hedo (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="26.852083">26°51.125'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="128.25044">128°15.027'E</geoCoordinate>
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), 11 m depth, coll. YW Lau, 11 July 2017 (MH845554; MH845544). Paratype 6: OKA170711-16, Hedo Dome, Cape Hedo (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="26.852083">26°51.125'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="128.25044">128°15.027'E</geoCoordinate>
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), 7 m depth, coll. FR Stokvis, 11 July 2017. Paratype 7: OKA170711-17, Canyon, Cape Hedo (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="26.8721">26°52.326'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="128.26659">128°15.995'E</geoCoordinate>
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), 16 m depth, coll. FR Stokvis, 11 July 2017 (MH845546). Paratype 8: OKA170711-20, Hedo Dome, Cape Hedo (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="26.852083">26°51.125'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="128.25044">128°15.027'E</geoCoordinate>
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), coll. JD Reimer, 11 July 2017 (MH845556; MH845547; MH844383). Paratype 9: OKA170818-11, Canyon, Cape Hedo (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="26.8721">26°52.326'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="128.26659">128°15.995'E</geoCoordinate>
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), collected by JD Reimer, 18 August 2017 (MH845558). Paratype 10: OKA170818-03, Futagami-iwa, Cape Hedo (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="26.869617">26°52.177'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="128.24745">128°14.847'E</geoCoordinate>
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), 22 m depth, coll. YW Lau, 18 August 2017 (MH845557; MH844384). Paratype 11: OKA170818-05, Futagami-iwa, Cape Hedo (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="26.869617">26°52.177'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="128.24745">128°14.847'E</geoCoordinate>
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), 11 m depth, coll. JD Reimer, 18 August 2017.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">The colony consists of numerous small polyps (~50) growing on hard coral rock. Polyps are spaced apart irregularly (0.3-2.5 mm), connected by stolons that are 0.5 mm in diameter and flat thin ribbon-like in cross-section. Polyps have anthocodia fully retracted into calyces of 2.5-3 mm tall and up to 1.0 mm diameter at the widest point; calyces are slightly club-shaped or barrel shaped, wider near the distal end than at the proximal point of attachment to the stolon.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">The oral disk expands into a broad circular membrane by fusion of the proximal regions of the adjacent tentacles. The margin of the oral membrane has eight broad lobes, with eight deep furrows, which run from the intertentacular margin to the mouth of the polyp, giving a plump appearance (Figure 2a). The distal two-thirds of the tentacles extend from fused margins of the oral membrane. Tentacles are long and thin, with 10 pairs of widely spaced pinnules, which are arranged in a single row on either side of the rachis.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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Figure 2. In situ photographs of examined
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Arulidae" genus="Hana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hana" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Hana</taxonomicName>
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specimens from Okinawa, a
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Arulidae" genus="Hana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hana hanagasa" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hanagasa">Hana hanagasa</taxonomicName>
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, holotype, OKA170711-15 and b
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Arulidae" genus="Hana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hana hanagasa" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hanagasa">Hana hanagasa</taxonomicName>
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, paratype, OKA170711-06; Palau c
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Arulidae" genus="Hana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hana hanataba" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hanataba">Hana hanataba</taxonomicName>
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holotype, ROR171225-01 and d
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Arulidae" genus="Hana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hana hanataba" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hanataba">Hana hanataba</taxonomicName>
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, paratype, ROR171226-03; Dongsha e
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Arulidae" genus="Hana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hana hanataba" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hanataba">Hana hanataba</taxonomicName>
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, paratype, DSX180320-1-01 and f
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Arulidae" genus="Hana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hana hanataba" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hanataba">Hana hanataba</taxonomicName>
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, paratype, DSX180324-3-15 g specimen BKI180320-2-10, an arulid photographed in Tunku Abdul Rahman Park, Sabah, Malaysia h
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Arulidae" genus="Hana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hana hanagasa" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hanagasa">Hana hanagasa</taxonomicName>
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, holotype, OKA170711-15, colony preserved in ethanol. Scale bar: 1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Anthocodial sclerites are small rods with simple tubercles around margins 0.10-0.18 mm long (Figure 3a). Calyx containing small 6-radiates 0.05-0.06 mm long (Figure 3b) and table-radiates ranging 0.03-0.17 mm, giving the largest table-radiates a spindle- and sometimes club-like appearance (Figure 3c). Stolons with fused table-radiates form a flat network (Figure 3d).</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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Figure 3.
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Arulidae" genus="Hana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hana hanagasa" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hanagasa">Hana hanagasa</taxonomicName>
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, holotype, OKA170711-15: a anthocodial rods b 6-radiates of calyx c table-radiates of calyx d pieces of fused table-radiates of stolon.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">The oral disk is white and the tentacles are brown in life (Figure 2a), yellowish-white in ethanol (Figure 2h). Zooxanthellate.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="morphological variation">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Morphological variation.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Paratypes are colonies consisting of 50-100 polyps, growing on hard substrates and sponges. Colonies show variations in number of pinnules, having 8-10 pairs lining either side of the rachis.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Northwest coast of Okinawa Island and southeast coast of Iheya Island in the East China Sea.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Arulidae" genus="Arula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Arula" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Arula</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Arulidae" genus="Hana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hana" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Hana</taxonomicName>
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are the only two genera within the family
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<taxonomicName family="Arulidae" lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="family">Arulidae</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Arulidae" genus="Arula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Arula petunia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="petunia">Arula petunia</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="H. hanagasa" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species" species="hanagasa">H. hanagasa</taxonomicName>
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have very similar polyp morphologies with only a clear difference in polyp colour. Oral disk and tentacles of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. petunia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species" species="petunia">A. petunia</taxonomicName>
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are blue in life and
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="5" start="start">white</pageBreakToken>
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and brown in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="H. hanagasa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species" species="hanagasa">H. hanagasa</taxonomicName>
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, respectively. This would suggest assignment to the same genus, however, the combination of differences in genetic data and sclerite morphology indicate that they should be separate from each other at the generic level. The possibility that there are similar species or previous descriptions and reports on arulid species has previously been discussed (
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<bibRefCitation author="McFadden, CS" journalOrPublisher="Invertebrate Systematics" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="331 - 356" title="Stoloniferous octocorals (Anthozoa, Octocorallia) from South Africa, with descriptions of a new family of Alcyonacea, a new genus of Clavulariidae, and a new species of Cornularia (Cornulariidae)." url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/IS12035" volume="26" year="2012">McFadden and Ofwegen 2012</bibRefCitation>
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) and so far, no reports have been made on possible congeners.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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From the Japanese language '
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<taxonomicName genus="Octocorallia" lsidName="Octocorallia hanagasa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species" species="hanagasa">hanagasa</taxonomicName>
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' (花笠), the traditional Okinawan ceremonial dance headpiece worn by female performers; denoting the shape of the polyps, which resembles the flower headpiece.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |