110 lines
14 KiB
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110 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document id="1E58838F1C5C38998CB8FF064669F4B6" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.1868.1.1" ID-ISSN="11755334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5133591" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1627158332512" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Dennis, D. Steve, Barnes, Jeffrey K. & Knutson, Lloyd" docDate="2008" docId="038587C97422AA6A46D2F8C1FB6D0185" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01868p098.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1868 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1868.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C4791ACFF01C5C140D2C1A203DB3C9B0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.monograph" docStyleId="C4791ACFF01C5C140D2C1A203DB3C9B0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Proctacanthus milbertii Macquart" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="79" masterDocId="FFBCFFB1746FAA244645FFF3FFED074F" masterDocTitle="Pupal cases of Nearctic robber flies (Diptera: Asilidae)" masterLastPageNumber="98" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="78" updateTime="1699021410005" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="9ACF265C65E5DE52BDCB3807DAAAD1CB">
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<mods:title id="5DA783FC5F9D9486858D3C9D8581590E">Pupal cases of Nearctic robber flies (Diptera: Asilidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="B3A3BD1508B302A3954E309F91394478" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="8058169B2783A98B7BABA29AE280F53C">Dennis, D. Steve</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="00D3B6D59119DA00CCE49CFE9DC6DFBB">Barnes, Jeffrey K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="38C7E84754D09089F4C2A0A17FDC8F70" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B12E6F2C24E42FAB89D589CA6B47B978">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="636B3F820EE44BA221F6B0CF2EBB18BC">Knutson, Lloyd</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="905CB6C0199B7CD0727E5A4E22978DFA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="E7F86CAC9EDDE4ED4F667C69444BBDBE">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="BBBB5813176FC74C34409B395E35F999">
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<mods:date id="8420868A2559C101F7105924FEA887C5">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="AB37DA103C78761CCACF51039AD43E20" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="F4A1CF8C7B4875F462EAA999696AAD7F">2008-09-03</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="0383EBE8056D3700EDB93AC27CE16607" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="2143E98BC8B6BFE2A1700E7E30BC6763">1868</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="ADA1EB924092B22BADD398C66E810CED">1</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="8D2B403D6EF6DCC174ED7BF457F1E252">https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1868.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="65E645C6069B6186B6E2D0B432F59E69">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="3164721B95AEFE6F3DA1666C7DAE643A" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.1868.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="35CDE4DFF849FCE8AA98E16991955230" type="ISSN">11755334</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="ABC9AC62E2A305A48564C147A4BC4358" type="Zenodo-Dep">5133591</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038587C97422AA6A46D2F8C1FB6D0185" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5133859" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5133859" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038587C97422AA6A46D2F8C1FB6D0185" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038587C97422AA6A46D2F8C1FB6D0185" lastPageId="78" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<subSubSection id="C33665547422AA6946D2F8C1FDD40003" box="[151,569,1842,1868]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9336DF7422AA6946D2F8C1FDD40003" blockId="77.[151,569,1842,1903]" box="[151,569,1842,1868]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<heading id="D0DB81B37422AA6946D2F8C1FDD40003" bold="true" box="[151,569,1842,1868]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D5C7422AA6946D2F8C1FDD40003" ID-CoL="4MPMX" authority="Macquart" authorityName="Macquart" box="[151,569,1842,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Proctacanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="milbertii">
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<emphasis id="B958EACD7422AA6946D2F8C1FDD40003" bold="true" box="[151,569,1842,1868]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<emphasis id="B958EACD7422AA6946D2F8C1FE580003" bold="true" box="[151,437,1842,1868]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Proctacanthus milbertii</emphasis>
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Macquart
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33665547422AA6A46D2F8A6FB6D0185" lastPageId="78" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9336DF7422AA6946D2F8A6FF100020" blockId="77.[151,569,1842,1903]" box="[151,253,1877,1903]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13172A5A7422AA6946DAF8A6FF1B0020" box="[159,246,1877,1903]" captionStart="FIGURE 49" captionStartId="77.[151,255,1698,1722]" captionTargetBox="[334,1252,775,1687]" captionTargetId="figure-217@77.[330,1259,765,1688]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="FIGURE 49. Proctacanthus milbertii Macquart, mouthpart sheaths. Abbreviations: lsh = labral sheath, msh = maxillary sheath, prsh = proboscial sheath." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5133640" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5133640/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fig. 49</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9336DF7422AA6A46D2F856FB0207FD" blockId="77.[151,1436,1957,2023]" lastBlockId="78.[151,1437,152,1738]" lastPageId="78" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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The pupal case of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D5C7422AA694738F856FD7500F1" box="[381,664,1957,1982]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Proctacanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="milbertii">
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<emphasis id="B958EACD7422AA694738F856FD7500F1" box="[381,664,1957,1982]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Proctacanthus milbertii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was described by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD4B2E7422AA6945C5F856FBD900F0" author="Malloch, J. R." box="[896,1076,1957,1983]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="305 - 363" refId="ref55094" refString="Malloch, J. R. (1915) Some additional records of Chironomidae for Illinois and notes on other Illinois Diptera. Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History, 11, 305 - 363." type="journal article" year="1915">Malloch (1915</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD4B2E7422AA694201F856FB6E00F0" author="Malloch, J. R." box="[1092,1155,1957,1983]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="161 - 409" refId="ref55167" refString="Malloch, J. R. (1917) A preliminary classification of Diptera, exclusive of Pupipara, based upon larval and pupal characters, with keys to imagines in certain families. Part 1. Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History, 12, 161 - 409." type="journal article" year="1917">1917</bibRefCitation>
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). It is redescribed here based on
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<specimenCount id="9D2AFD567422AA69474FF83EFE9400A8" box="[266,377,1997,2023]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="male">two male</specimenCount>
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cases in the
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<collectingCountry id="F33B764F7422AA69445DF83EFD5A00A8" box="[536,695,1997,2023]" name="United States of America" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">United States</collectingCountry>
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National Museum. These cases are both labeled "E. Lansing, Mich.; SWB, S.W. Bromley Collection 1955" with the dates
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<date id="FF92101F7421AA6A4525FF6BFBEA07FD" box="[864,1031,152,178]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="1939-08-11">Aug. 11, 1939</date>
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and
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<date id="FF92101F7421AA6A4205FF6BFB0607FD" box="[1088,1259,152,178]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="1939-08-18">Aug. 18, 1939</date>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9336DF7421AA6A4680FF33FC96061D" blockId="78.[151,1437,152,1738]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
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Redescription: Greatest length, including anterior antennal processes,
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<quantity id="4CD49B3A7421AA6A424BFF33FB520795" box="[1038,1215,192,218]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.79" metricValueMax="2.85" metricValueMin="2.73" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="27.9" valueMax="28.5" valueMin="27.3">27.3–28.5 mm</quantity>
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; greatest width of thorax 7.0–
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<quantity id="4CD49B3A7421AA6A4764FF1BFE6C064D" box="[289,385,232,258]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="7.3">7.3 mm</quantity>
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; greatest width of abdomen 5.8–6.0 mm, tapering to 2.8–3.0 mm at greatest width of abdominal segment 8. Integument subshining yellowish brown to golden brown; spines and other processes glistening reddish brown, sometimes darker apically or basally.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9336DF7421AA6A4680FE93FBDD05F5" blockId="78.[151,1437,152,1738]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Head with pair of dorsally flattened, ventrally wedgeshaped anterior antennal processes not joined at base and group of 3 basally fused posterior antennal processes located ventrolaterally on each side, middle and outer posterior processes fused for greater distance, appearing closer together and slightly shorter than inner posterior process; outer posterior process broad for entire length and broadly rounded apically; inner and middle posterior processes becoming narrow and slightly more acute apically. Labral sheath very rugose, with tuberclelike keel posteriorly. Proboscial sheath rugose on each side of midline, with slight tuberclelike swelling posteriorly on each side of midline and small, ventrally concave tubercle on midline posteriorly. Maxillary sheath rugose, especially around posterior processes and along inner margin; with small, apically rounded process posteriorly and anterior tubercle on each side of labral sheath.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9336DF7421AA6A4680FD3BFC2E04B5" blockId="78.[151,1437,152,1738]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Anterior coxal sheath irregularly rugose, with anterior, median, longitudinal split. Prothoracic spiracle elongateoval, on large rugose callosity, situated midlaterally at anterior margin of thorax. Anterior mesothoracic spines consisting of pair of subequal, straight to slightly posteriorly curved and apically rounded spines on each side of thorax above bases of sheaths of mid legs. Posterior mesothoracic callosity large, rugose, with apically rounded to acute posterior mesothoracic spine; margin of callosity toward dorsum sclerotized. Wing sheath irregularly rugose, with small tubercle at base and two larger median tubercles; tubercle toward venter usually larger than tubercle toward dorsum. Thoracic area above wing sheath irregularly rugulose. Apex of hind leg sheath reaching to posterior margin of abdominal segment 2.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9336DF7421AA6A4680FBFBFAC4036D" blockId="78.[151,1437,152,1738]" box="[197,1321,1032,1058]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Abdominal spiracles elongateoval, light to dark reddish brown, situated along midline laterally.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9336DF7421AA6A4680FBC3FE7E03D5" blockId="78.[151,1437,152,1738]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Abdominal segment 1 with dorsal transverse row of 20 long, apically recurved spurs; dorsolateral bristlelike spines absent; with 8–10 bristlelike spines of irregular size behind each spiracle; venter obscured by wing and leg sheaths.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9336DF7421AA6A4680FB5BFC6D025D" blockId="78.[151,1437,152,1738]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Segments 2–5 with 2–4 short dorsolateral spines. Segments 6–7 with 1–3 short spines Segment 2 with 13– 14 alternating dorsomedian long spurs and short spines; spines situated slightly anterior to spurs. Segments 3– 7 similar to segment 2, with 11–13 alternating spurs and spines.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9336DF7421AA6A4680FAD3FE30022D" blockId="78.[151,1437,152,1738]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Segments 2–6 and 7 with 5–8 and 3–4 dorsolateral bristlelike spines, respectively, and 12–15 bristlelike spines behind each spiracle.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9336DF7421AA6A4680FA83FD4D0295" blockId="78.[151,1437,152,1738]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Segment 2 with 7–11 median ventral bristlelike spines on each side of, and sometimes extending under, hind leg sheath; segments 3–6 and 7 with 29–41 and 23–27 ventral bristlelike spines, respectively, several short spines interspersed among long spines.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9336DF7421AA6A4680FA1BFEBC011D" blockId="78.[151,1437,152,1738]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Segment 8 with 4 dorsomedian spurs on each side of dorsal midline; small, dark brown spiracle at lateral midline; 4–8 lateral bristlelike spines on each side; and 7–9 ventromedian bristlelike spines on each side of ventral midline.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9336DF7421AA6A4680F993FB6D0185" blockId="78.[151,1437,152,1738]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Segment 9 with 2 mediumlength dorsal posterolateral processes curved inward toward each other, 2 short ventral posterolateral processes not fused basally to dorsal posterolateral processes, and pair of terminal ventromedian tuberclelike processes slightly anterior to ventral posterolateral processes.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |