241 lines
36 KiB
XML
241 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.37520/fi.2022.016" ID-ISSN="2533-4069" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7522801" approvalRequired="105" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="25" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="59" approvalRequired_for_treatments="21" checkinTime="1673382488781" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Friis, Else Marie, Crane, Peter R., Pedersen, Kaj Raunsgaard, Mendes, Mário Miguel & Kvaček, Jiří" docDate="2022" docId="03FD87F2FFDDFFCFFF04F825C263FCF9" docLanguage="en" docName="FossilImprint.78.2.341-424.pdf" docOrigin="Fossil Imprint 78 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/fi.2022.016" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0EC54BF35E227CA4627F894F6BA30634.2:FossilImprint.2016-.journal_article" docStyleId="0EC54BF35E227CA4627F894F6BA30634" docStyleName="FossilImprint.2016-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Ibericarpus cuneiformis E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE, K. R. PEDERSEN, M. M. MENDES et J. KVACEK 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="374" masterDocId="FFC4FF8AFFFDFFEEFFBFFFFFC378FFA6" masterDocTitle="The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms" masterLastPageNumber="424" masterPageNumber="341" pageNumber="373" updateTime="1673383361075" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-3.0">
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<mods:title>The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Friis, Else Marie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Crane, Peter R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Pedersen, Kaj Raunsgaard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Mendes, Mário Miguel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Kvaček, Jiří</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title>Fossil Imprint</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2022-12-20</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>78</mods:number>
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<mods:start>341</mods:start>
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<taxonomicName authority="E.M.FRIIS, P.R.CRANE, K.R.PEDERSEN, M.M.MENDES et J.KVACEK" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE, K. R. PEDERSEN, M. M. MENDES et J. KVACEK" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Schisandraceae" genus="Ibericarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Austrobaileyales" pageId="32" pageNumber="373" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cuneiformis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[187,453,2010,2034]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="373">Ibericarpus cuneiformis</emphasis>
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E.M.FRIIS, P.R.CRANE, K.R.PEDERSEN, M.M.MENDES et J.KVAČEK
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[640,725,2043,2067]" pageId="32" pageNumber="373" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation box="[364,532,2076,2100]" captionStart-0="Text-fig" captionStart-1="Text-fig" captionStart-2="Text-fig" captionStartId-0="35.[126,207,1136,1157]" captionStartId-1="36.[149,230,1459,1480]" captionStartId-2="37.[124,205,1021,1042]" captionTargetBox-0="[126,1439,151,1118]" captionTargetBox-1="[148,1462,151,1443]" captionTargetBox-2="[126,1440,151,1005]" captionTargetId-0="figure-428@35.[123,1441,148,1123]" captionTargetId-1="figure-210@36.[145,1466,148,1446]" captionTargetId-2="figure-465@37.[122,1443,148,1008]" captionTargetPageId-0="35" captionTargetPageId-1="36" captionTargetPageId-2="37" captionText-0="Text-fig. 21. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of Ibericarpus cuneiformis gen. et sp. nov.; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fruiting structure in lateral view showing numerous small, helically arranged wedge-shaped fruitlets each with a slightly differentiated apical stigmatic region (st); no bracts or scars from bracts, perianth or stamens were observed associated with the entire structure or with individual carpels; b) Apical portions of fruitlets showing differentiation of the stigmatic region (st); c) Detail of apical portion of fruitlet showing slightly raised stigmatic region (st) and possible ventral suture. Specimen, Catefica 49-S115851 (holotype, a–c). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, b), 100 Μm (c)." captionText-1="Text-fig. 22. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a–c) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, d) images of Ibericarpus cuneiformis gen. et sp. nov.; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fruiting axis bearing an elongated receptacle with numerous diamond-shaped scars from detached fruitlets; note the absence of scars from bracts, tepals or stamens at the transition to the fruitlet scars and the stalk (arrow); b) Group of ten fruitlets detached from fruiting axis in (a) showing apical stigmatic region and distinctive bulging isodiametric epidermal cells; c) Detached fruitlet showing apical stigmatic region; d) Volume rendering of three adhering fruits showing apical stigmatic region and distinctive bulging isodiametric epidermal cells. Specimens, Catefica MM75-P0477 (a, b), Catefica 49-S115852 (c), Catefica 50-S174907 (d). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–d)." captionText-2="Text-fig. 23. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) images of Ibericarpus cuneiformis gen. et sp. nov.; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Longitudinal section (orthoslice yz0827) showing fruitlet with apical stigmatic region and a single seed enclosed within the fruitlet wall that has a thick epidermal cuticle; note the tiny embryo (emb) internal to the micropyle (mi) and oriented toward the base of the fruitlet; b) Transverse section through apical part of two fruitlets (orthoslice xy0810) showing the fruitlet wall (fr) composed of small thin-walled cells covered by an epidermis of isodiametric cells (ep) with a thick outer cuticle (cu); c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice xz0370) through basal part of fruitlet perpendicular to section in (a) showing the micropyle (mi), embryo (emb) composed of tiny cells, and the thick cuticle (cu) covering the bulging cells of the fruitlet epidermis. Specimen, Catefica 50-S174907 (a–c). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–c)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522845" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522847" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522849" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7522845/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7522847/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7522849/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="373">Text-figs 21–23</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="374" pageId="32" pageNumber="373" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[843,1482,151,208]" box="[881,1482,151,176]" pageId="32" pageNumber="373">H o l o t y p e. S115851 (Catefica sample 49; figured</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[843,1482,151,208]" box="[843,1020,184,208]" pageId="32" pageNumber="373">
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<figureCitation box="[843,1008,184,208]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="35.[126,207,1136,1157]" captionTargetBox="[126,1439,151,1118]" captionTargetId="figure-428@35.[123,1441,148,1123]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Text-fig. 21. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of Ibericarpus cuneiformis gen. et sp. nov.; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fruiting structure in lateral view showing numerous small, helically arranged wedge-shaped fruitlets each with a slightly differentiated apical stigmatic region (st); no bracts or scars from bracts, perianth or stamens were observed associated with the entire structure or with individual carpels; b) Apical portions of fruitlets showing differentiation of the stigmatic region (st); c) Detail of apical portion of fruitlet showing slightly raised stigmatic region (st) and possible ventral suture. Specimen, Catefica 49-S115851 (holotype, a–c). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, b), 100 Μm (c)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522845" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522845/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="373">Text-fig. 21a–c</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[843,1482,232,288]" box="[881,1482,232,256]" pageId="32" pageNumber="373">P l a n t F o s s i l N a m e s R e g i s t r y N u m b e r.</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[843,1482,232,288]" box="[843,1169,264,288]" pageId="32" pageNumber="373">PFN002791 (for new species).</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[843,1482,312,433]" pageId="32" pageNumber="373">P a r a t y p e s. S115852–S115856, S118683–S118685, S265996, S266012 (Catefica sample 49), S170413– S170417, S174907, S266037, S266135 (Catefica sample 50); P0477 (Catefica sample MM75).</paragraph>
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e p o s i t o r y.
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:
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,
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,
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,
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,
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(
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).
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:
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,
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,
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, Stockholm,
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(
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) and
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of
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,
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,
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(
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<collectionCode box="[1036,1054,652,676]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="32" pageNumber="373" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
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)
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.
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<paragraph blockId="32.[880,1385,700,724]" box="[880,1385,700,724]" pageId="32" pageNumber="373">E t y m o l o g y. From the wedge-shaped fruits.</paragraph>
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<materialsCitation country="Portugal" county="Torres Vedras" latitude="39.058334" location="Catefica" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="-9.241667" municipality="Mugideira" pageId="32" pageNumber="373" specimenCount="1">
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Ty p e l o c a l i t y. Catefica (
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;
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), between the villages of
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD87F2FFDDFFCFFF04F825C263FCF9:8E8B603FFFDDFFCEFBF6FCF3C7D8FC82" box="[1097,1184,780,804]" country="Portugal" county="Torres Vedras" latitude="39.058334" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="-9.241667" municipality="Mugideira" name="Catefica" pageId="32" pageNumber="373">Catefica</location>
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and
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, about
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south of
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1095,1189,812,836]" name="Portugal" pageId="32" pageNumber="373">Portugal</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[843,1482,860,916]" box="[881,1482,860,884]" pageId="32" pageNumber="373">T y p e s t r a t u m a n d a g e. Almargem Formation,</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[843,1482,860,916]" box="[843,1270,892,916]" pageId="32" pageNumber="373">Early Cretaceous (Aptian-early Albian).</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[881,1366,940,964]" box="[881,1366,940,964]" pageId="32" pageNumber="373">S p e c i f i c d i a g n o s i s.As for the genus.</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[843,1482,988,1077]" pageId="32" pageNumber="373">
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D i m e n s i o n s. Carpel bearing axis up to about
|
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long and
|
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<quantity box="[1032,1113,1020,1044]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="32" pageNumber="373" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
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||
in diameter; individual carpels up to
|
||
<quantity box="[870,964,1052,1076]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" pageId="32" pageNumber="373" unit="mm" value="1.05">1.05 mm</quantity>
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long and
|
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<quantity box="[1071,1152,1053,1077]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="373" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
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broad.
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<paragraph blockId="32.[843,1482,1100,2100]" pageId="32" pageNumber="373">
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D e s c r i p t i o n a n d r e m a r k s. The species is known from two pistillate structures bearing carpels (Textfigs 21a–c, 22a, b) as well as detached fruits that occur either isolated (
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<figureCitation box="[941,1081,1198,1222]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="36.[149,230,1459,1480]" captionTargetBox="[148,1462,151,1443]" captionTargetId="figure-210@36.[145,1466,148,1446]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Text-fig. 22. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a–c) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, d) images of Ibericarpus cuneiformis gen. et sp. nov.; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fruiting axis bearing an elongated receptacle with numerous diamond-shaped scars from detached fruitlets; note the absence of scars from bracts, tepals or stamens at the transition to the fruitlet scars and the stalk (arrow); b) Group of ten fruitlets detached from fruiting axis in (a) showing apical stigmatic region and distinctive bulging isodiametric epidermal cells; c) Detached fruitlet showing apical stigmatic region; d) Volume rendering of three adhering fruits showing apical stigmatic region and distinctive bulging isodiametric epidermal cells. Specimens, Catefica MM75-P0477 (a, b), Catefica 49-S115852 (c), Catefica 50-S174907 (d). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–d)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522847/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="373">Text-fig. 22c</figureCitation>
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||
) or in groups (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1243,1390,1198,1222]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="36.[149,230,1459,1480]" captionTargetBox="[148,1462,151,1443]" captionTargetId="figure-210@36.[145,1466,148,1446]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Text-fig. 22. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a–c) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, d) images of Ibericarpus cuneiformis gen. et sp. nov.; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fruiting axis bearing an elongated receptacle with numerous diamond-shaped scars from detached fruitlets; note the absence of scars from bracts, tepals or stamens at the transition to the fruitlet scars and the stalk (arrow); b) Group of ten fruitlets detached from fruiting axis in (a) showing apical stigmatic region and distinctive bulging isodiametric epidermal cells; c) Detached fruitlet showing apical stigmatic region; d) Volume rendering of three adhering fruits showing apical stigmatic region and distinctive bulging isodiametric epidermal cells. Specimens, Catefica MM75-P0477 (a, b), Catefica 49-S115852 (c), Catefica 50-S174907 (d). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–d)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522847/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="373">Text-figs 22d</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1402,1470,1198,1222]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="37.[124,205,1021,1042]" captionTargetBox="[126,1440,151,1005]" captionTargetId="figure-465@37.[122,1443,148,1008]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Text-fig. 23. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) images of Ibericarpus cuneiformis gen. et sp. nov.; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Longitudinal section (orthoslice yz0827) showing fruitlet with apical stigmatic region and a single seed enclosed within the fruitlet wall that has a thick epidermal cuticle; note the tiny embryo (emb) internal to the micropyle (mi) and oriented toward the base of the fruitlet; b) Transverse section through apical part of two fruitlets (orthoslice xy0810) showing the fruitlet wall (fr) composed of small thin-walled cells covered by an epidermis of isodiametric cells (ep) with a thick outer cuticle (cu); c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice xz0370) through basal part of fruitlet perpendicular to section in (a) showing the micropyle (mi), embryo (emb) composed of tiny cells, and the thick cuticle (cu) covering the bulging cells of the fruitlet epidermis. Specimen, Catefica 50-S174907 (a–c). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–c)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522849/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="373">23a–c</figureCitation>
|
||
). One group of detached fruits (S174907;
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1284,1425,1230,1254]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="36.[149,230,1459,1480]" captionTargetBox="[148,1462,151,1443]" captionTargetId="figure-210@36.[145,1466,148,1446]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Text-fig. 22. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a–c) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, d) images of Ibericarpus cuneiformis gen. et sp. nov.; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fruiting axis bearing an elongated receptacle with numerous diamond-shaped scars from detached fruitlets; note the absence of scars from bracts, tepals or stamens at the transition to the fruitlet scars and the stalk (arrow); b) Group of ten fruitlets detached from fruiting axis in (a) showing apical stigmatic region and distinctive bulging isodiametric epidermal cells; c) Detached fruitlet showing apical stigmatic region; d) Volume rendering of three adhering fruits showing apical stigmatic region and distinctive bulging isodiametric epidermal cells. Specimens, Catefica MM75-P0477 (a, b), Catefica 49-S115852 (c), Catefica 50-S174907 (d). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–d)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522847/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="373">Text-fig. 22d</figureCitation>
|
||
) was studied for internal details using SRXTM.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="32.[843,1482,1100,2100]" pageId="32" pageNumber="373">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus box="[932,1025,1295,1319]" pageId="32" pageNumber="373">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
consists of a central axis with numerous carpels borne in a spiral arrangement (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1296,1470,1328,1352]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="35.[126,207,1136,1157]" captionTargetBox="[126,1439,151,1118]" captionTargetId="figure-428@35.[123,1441,148,1123]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Text-fig. 21. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of Ibericarpus cuneiformis gen. et sp. nov.; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fruiting structure in lateral view showing numerous small, helically arranged wedge-shaped fruitlets each with a slightly differentiated apical stigmatic region (st); no bracts or scars from bracts, perianth or stamens were observed associated with the entire structure or with individual carpels; b) Apical portions of fruitlets showing differentiation of the stigmatic region (st); c) Detail of apical portion of fruitlet showing slightly raised stigmatic region (st) and possible ventral suture. Specimen, Catefica 49-S115851 (holotype, a–c). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, b), 100 Μm (c)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522845" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522845/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="373">Text-fig. 21a–c</figureCitation>
|
||
). Although the specimen has lost some of its carpels the total original number is estimated to have been about 70, based on those still attached to the axis and the scars from the detached carpels. This specimen was probably preserved early in development before the carpels were shed. Another carpel-bearing specimen is thought to be at fruiting stage and the few carpels still attached to the axis when it was recovered were only loosely attached and fell off as the axis was mounted for SEM (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1253,1421,1620,1644]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="36.[149,230,1459,1480]" captionTargetBox="[148,1462,151,1443]" captionTargetId="figure-210@36.[145,1466,148,1446]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Text-fig. 22. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a–c) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, d) images of Ibericarpus cuneiformis gen. et sp. nov.; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fruiting axis bearing an elongated receptacle with numerous diamond-shaped scars from detached fruitlets; note the absence of scars from bracts, tepals or stamens at the transition to the fruitlet scars and the stalk (arrow); b) Group of ten fruitlets detached from fruiting axis in (a) showing apical stigmatic region and distinctive bulging isodiametric epidermal cells; c) Detached fruitlet showing apical stigmatic region; d) Volume rendering of three adhering fruits showing apical stigmatic region and distinctive bulging isodiametric epidermal cells. Specimens, Catefica MM75-P0477 (a, b), Catefica 49-S115852 (c), Catefica 50-S174907 (d). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–d)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522847/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="373">Text-fig. 22a, b</figureCitation>
|
||
). The infructescence axis of this second specimen is about
|
||
<quantity box="[1401,1481,1653,1677]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="32" pageNumber="373" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and based on the scars on the axis, there were about 70 carpels as also in the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1070,1167,1718,1742]" pageId="32" pageNumber="373">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. The diameter of the axis (ca.
|
||
<quantity box="[843,928,1751,1775]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="373" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
) is more or less uniform from base to apex (Textfig. 22a). There are no traces of other floral organs or bracts associated with the individual carpels or with the carpelbearing axis. Specifically, there is no distinct joint between the infructescence stalk and the portion of the inflorescence axis that has the carpel scars. There are also no scars from bracts, perianth parts or stamens associated with the carpel scars.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="32.[843,1482,1100,2100]" lastBlockId="33.[106,745,151,623]" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="374" pageId="32" pageNumber="373">
|
||
The carpels are densely spaced on the axis. Each carpel is about
|
||
<quantity box="[935,1031,2043,2067]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="32" pageNumber="373" unit="mm" value="0.35">0.35 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity box="[1140,1236,2043,2067]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="32" pageNumber="373" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, with the carpels of the second specimen (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1101,1227,2075,2100]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="36.[149,230,1459,1480]" captionTargetBox="[148,1462,151,1443]" captionTargetId="figure-210@36.[145,1466,148,1446]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Text-fig. 22. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a–c) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, d) images of Ibericarpus cuneiformis gen. et sp. nov.; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fruiting axis bearing an elongated receptacle with numerous diamond-shaped scars from detached fruitlets; note the absence of scars from bracts, tepals or stamens at the transition to the fruitlet scars and the stalk (arrow); b) Group of ten fruitlets detached from fruiting axis in (a) showing apical stigmatic region and distinctive bulging isodiametric epidermal cells; c) Detached fruitlet showing apical stigmatic region; d) Volume rendering of three adhering fruits showing apical stigmatic region and distinctive bulging isodiametric epidermal cells. Specimens, Catefica MM75-P0477 (a, b), Catefica 49-S115852 (c), Catefica 50-S174907 (d). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–d)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522847/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="373">Text-fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
) larger than those of the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[106,203,151,175]" pageId="33" pageNumber="374">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. Carpels are obconical to pyriform in lateral view, and angular in transverse section as a result of their dense packing on the axis. Each carpel contains a single ovate ovule/seed with micropyle pointing towards the base and in
|
||
<specimenCount box="[136,285,279,303]" pageId="33" pageNumber="374" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
with remains of embryo preserved (Textfig. 23a–c).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[106,745,151,623]" pageId="33" pageNumber="374">
|
||
The epidermis of the carpel wall consists of small, bulging, isodiametric cells covered by a thick cuticle (Textfigs 21a, 22b–d, 23a–c). The cell outlines are particularly distinct in the protected regions where adjacent carpels meet, but less so in the apical portion of the carpel that is free (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[113,258,503,528]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="35.[126,207,1136,1157]" captionTargetBox="[126,1439,151,1118]" captionTargetId="figure-428@35.[123,1441,148,1123]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Text-fig. 21. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of Ibericarpus cuneiformis gen. et sp. nov.; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fruiting structure in lateral view showing numerous small, helically arranged wedge-shaped fruitlets each with a slightly differentiated apical stigmatic region (st); no bracts or scars from bracts, perianth or stamens were observed associated with the entire structure or with individual carpels; b) Apical portions of fruitlets showing differentiation of the stigmatic region (st); c) Detail of apical portion of fruitlet showing slightly raised stigmatic region (st) and possible ventral suture. Specimen, Catefica 49-S115851 (holotype, a–c). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, b), 100 Μm (c)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522845" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522845/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="374">Text-figs 21c</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[270,341,503,527]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="36.[149,230,1459,1480]" captionTargetBox="[148,1462,151,1443]" captionTargetId="figure-210@36.[145,1466,148,1446]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Text-fig. 22. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a–c) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, d) images of Ibericarpus cuneiformis gen. et sp. nov.; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fruiting axis bearing an elongated receptacle with numerous diamond-shaped scars from detached fruitlets; note the absence of scars from bracts, tepals or stamens at the transition to the fruitlet scars and the stalk (arrow); b) Group of ten fruitlets detached from fruiting axis in (a) showing apical stigmatic region and distinctive bulging isodiametric epidermal cells; c) Detached fruitlet showing apical stigmatic region; d) Volume rendering of three adhering fruits showing apical stigmatic region and distinctive bulging isodiametric epidermal cells. Specimens, Catefica MM75-P0477 (a, b), Catefica 49-S115852 (c), Catefica 50-S174907 (d). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–d)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522847/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="374">22b–d</figureCitation>
|
||
). The stigmatic area of each carpel is seen as a small apical swelling (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[446,590,535,560]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="35.[126,207,1136,1157]" captionTargetBox="[126,1439,151,1118]" captionTargetId="figure-428@35.[123,1441,148,1123]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Text-fig. 21. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of Ibericarpus cuneiformis gen. et sp. nov.; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fruiting structure in lateral view showing numerous small, helically arranged wedge-shaped fruitlets each with a slightly differentiated apical stigmatic region (st); no bracts or scars from bracts, perianth or stamens were observed associated with the entire structure or with individual carpels; b) Apical portions of fruitlets showing differentiation of the stigmatic region (st); c) Detail of apical portion of fruitlet showing slightly raised stigmatic region (st) and possible ventral suture. Specimen, Catefica 49-S115851 (holotype, a–c). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, b), 100 Μm (c)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522845" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522845/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="374">Text-figs 21c</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[601,672,535,559]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="36.[149,230,1459,1480]" captionTargetBox="[148,1462,151,1443]" captionTargetId="figure-210@36.[145,1466,148,1446]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Text-fig. 22. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a–c) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, d) images of Ibericarpus cuneiformis gen. et sp. nov.; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fruiting axis bearing an elongated receptacle with numerous diamond-shaped scars from detached fruitlets; note the absence of scars from bracts, tepals or stamens at the transition to the fruitlet scars and the stalk (arrow); b) Group of ten fruitlets detached from fruiting axis in (a) showing apical stigmatic region and distinctive bulging isodiametric epidermal cells; c) Detached fruitlet showing apical stigmatic region; d) Volume rendering of three adhering fruits showing apical stigmatic region and distinctive bulging isodiametric epidermal cells. Specimens, Catefica MM75-P0477 (a, b), Catefica 49-S115852 (c), Catefica 50-S174907 (d). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–d)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522847/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="374">22b–d</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[106,745,151,623]" pageId="33" pageNumber="374">No pollen grains have been observed in the stigmatic region or on other parts of the structure.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[106,745,647,863]" pageId="33" pageNumber="374">
|
||
A f f i n i t y a n d o t h e r o c c u r r e n c e s. For comments on the possible relationships of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE, K. R. PEDERSEN, M. M. MENDES et J. KVACEK" authorityYear="2022" box="[577,701,679,703]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Schisandraceae" genus="Ibericarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Austrobaileyales" pageId="33" pageNumber="374" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[577,701,679,703]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="374">Ibericarpus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
see comments on the genus (above).
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE, K. R. PEDERSEN, M. M. MENDES et J. KVACEK" authorityYear="2022" box="[483,745,711,735]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Schisandraceae" genus="Ibericarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Austrobaileyales" pageId="33" pageNumber="374" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cuneiformis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[483,745,711,735]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="374">Ibericarpus cuneiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is common in the Catefica mesofossil flora, where it is characteristic for the basalmost layers of the outcrop. There are also fruitlets of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE, K. R. PEDERSEN, M. M. MENDES et J. KVACEK" authorityYear="2022" box="[320,579,807,831]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Schisandraceae" genus="Ibericarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Austrobaileyales" pageId="33" pageNumber="374" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cuneiformis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[320,579,807,831]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="374">Ibericarpus cuneiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Buarcos mesofossil flora.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |