354 lines
62 KiB
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354 lines
62 KiB
XML
<document id="825966226B446ACF7DD0F91DB963D437" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5444.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11071464" ID-ZooBank="5DE4A9DD-99F7-4E23-AD50-58DC491BB75E" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1714119547772" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hennemann, Frank H. & Conle, Oskar V." docDate="2024" docId="03FD87D9FF02D8C1FF55F43B2BF9E004" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5444.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5444 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5444.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.19:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="19" docTitle="Phanocles berezini Hennemann & Conle 2024, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="76810A6A-E77D-4C1D-97F3-B04F8A52F8FC" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="165" masterDocId="FFC4FFA1FFA0D865FFC2F06B292AE42B" masterDocTitle="Studies on Neotropical Phasmatodea XXVI: Taxonomic review of Cladomorformia tax. n., a lineage of Diapheromerinae stick insects, with the descriptions of seven new genera and 41 new species (Phasmatodea: Occidophasmata: Diapheromerinae)" masterLastPageNumber="454" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="163" updateTime="1714126622619" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="7C1F5F5541D3E71B6AA0ACCE0FE8AA65">Studies on Neotropical Phasmatodea XXVI: Taxonomic review of Cladomorformia tax. n., a lineage of Diapheromerinae stick insects, with the descriptions of seven new genera and 41 new species (Phasmatodea: Occidophasmata: Diapheromerinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C80F46B5286CD074A37AA16BA9D51C02">Hennemann, Frank H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5A6F02EEB0F36ED6DDB70A9316AE6C70">Tannenwaldallee 53, 61348 Bad Homburg, Germany. hennemann @ phasmatodea. com; http: // zoobank. org / urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 651 FCCFA- 271 B- 48 A 3 - A 58 E-A 30 FDC 739493 https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6547 - 4704; Website: www. phasmatodea. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="0CD433AB684A37614A30C3CA60D4BF83" type="email">hennemann@phasmatodea.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="979EA0297907167E1291D9419A8867F9">Conle, Oskar V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5E61A7B2CDFF8906CB21B0D432540D28">Tannenwaldallee 53, 61348 Bad Homburg, Germany. hennemann @ phasmatodea. com; http: // zoobank. org / urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 651 FCCFA- 271 B- 48 A 3 - A 58 E-A 30 FDC 739493 https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6547 - 4704; Website: www. phasmatodea. com & Am Freischütz 16, 47058 Duisburg, Germany. conle @ phasmatodea. de; http: // zoobank. org / urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: D 2712 C 02 - 7973 - 4 FAA-A 186 - 5 F 8540 A 66691 https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5609 - 5107; Website: www. phasmatodea. com * Corresponding author & Tannenwaldallee 53, 61348 Bad Homburg, Germany. hennemann @ phasmatodea. com; http: // zoobank. org / urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 651 FCCFA- 271 B- 48 A 3 - A 58 E-A 30 FDC 739493 https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6547 - 4704; Website: www. phasmatodea. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="DA591197F2A9B37D24A8A6193E560432" type="email">hennemann@phasmatodea.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="5F68933598E73AC82477B4B252043BB2">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="9EBA6F1ECC554E1895C60623C5C9C830">2024</mods:date>
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D4CFF02D8C7FF55F43B2858E040" authority="Hennemann & Conle, 2024" authorityName="Hennemann & Conle" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,370,1104,1131]" class="Insecta" family="Diapheromeridae" genus="Phanocles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="berezini" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B920EADDFF02D8C7FF55F43B2858E040" bold="true" box="[151,370,1104,1131]" italics="true" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Phanocles berezini</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BEB36CFFF02D8C7FF55F4F22BA3E098" blockId="162.[151,971,1104,1203]" box="[151,649,1176,1203]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">
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(
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<figureCitation id="136F2A4AFF02D8C7FF5DF4F2283BE098" box="[159,273,1176,1203]" captionStart="FIGURE 54" captionStartId="374.[151,250,1802,1826]" captionTargetBox="[206,1385,186,1774]" captionTargetId="figure-22@374.[201,1386,181,1778]" captionTargetPageId="374" captionText="FIGURE 54. Phanocles Stål, 1875 habitus: A. P. maroniensis (Chopard, 1911) ♀ HT (French Guiana, St. Jean de Maroni, Nouveau Chantier), dorsolateral view [MNHN]; B. P. aequatorialis (Redtenbacher, 1908) ♀ (captive reared from Ecuador, Prov. Esmeraldas, Durango), dorsolateral view [coll. FH, No. 0659–3]; C. P. decorus Zompro, 2001 ♀ HT (Ecuador), dorsolateral view [MNHU]; D. P. berezini sp. n. ♀ PT (captive reared from Mexico, Oaxaca, Xadani village nr. Huantulco), dorsolateral view [coll. FH, No. 0718–8]; E. P. solidus sp. n. ♀ HT (Ecuador, Prov. El Oro, Arenillas), dorsolateral view [ANSP]; F. P. aequatorialis (Redtenbacher, 1908) ♂ (captive reared from Ecuador, Prov. Esmeraldas, Durango), dorsolateral view [coll. FH, No. 0659–1]; G. P. acutecornutus sp. n. ♂ PT (Bolivia, Prov. Chapare, Villa Tunari), dorsal view [ZSMC]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11071601" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11071601/files/figure.png" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Figs. 54D</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136F2A4AFF02D8C7FEDFF4F32864E098" box="[285,334,1176,1203]" captionStart="FIGURE 57" captionStartId="377.[151,250,1801,1825]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,204,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-17@377.[151,1435,199,1777]" captionTargetPageId="377" captionText="FIGURE 57. Phanocles Stål, 1875 head and prothorax: A. P. acutecornutus sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsolateral view [MNHN]; B. P. berezini sp. n. ♀ PT, lateral view [coll. FH]; C. P. brevipes sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsolateral view (head is turned upside down) [ANSP]; D. P. barbadosense sp. n. ♀ PT, lateral view [ANSP]; E. P. muticus (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907) ♀, dorsolateral view [coll. FH]; F. P. burkartii (Saussure, 1868) ♀, dorsolateral view [coll. FH]; G. P. saussurei (Redtenbacher, 1908) ♀, lateral view [coll. FH]; H. P. falcatus sp. n. ♀ PT, dorsolateral view [MNHN]; J. P. falcatus sp. n. ♀ PT, dorsolateral view [MNHN]; K. P. superbus sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsolateral view [MNHN]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11071609" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11071609/files/figure.png" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">57B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136F2A4AFF02D8C7FE98F4F22886E098" box="[346,428,1177,1203]" captionStart="FIGURE 64" captionStartId="384.[151,250,1724,1748]" captionTargetBox="[213,1374,181,1697]" captionTargetId="figure-22@384.[213,1374,181,1700]" captionTargetPageId="384" captionText="FIGURE 64. Phanocles Stål, 1875 terminalia of ♀♀: A. P. superbus sp. n. ♀ HT, lateral view [MNHN]; B. P. superbus sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsal view [MNHN]; C. P. superbus sp. n. ♀ HT, ventral view [MNHN]; D. P. acutecornutus sp. n. ♀ PT, lateral view [ZSMC]; E. P. berezini sp. n. ♀ PT, lateral view [coll. FH]; F. P. berezini sp. n. ♀ PT, dorsal view [coll. FH]; G. P. berezini sp. n. ♀ PT, ventral view [coll. FH]; H. P. muticus (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907), lateral view [coll. FH]; J. P. muticus (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907), dorsal view [coll. FH]; K. P. muticus (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907), ventral view [coll. FH]; L. P. horni (Redtenbacher, 1908), lateral view [coll. FH]; M. P. horni (Redtenbacher, 1908), dorsal view [coll. FH]; N. P. horni(Redtenbacher, 1908), ventral view [coll. FH]; O. P. mexicanus sp. n. ♀ PT, lateral view [MNHN]; P. P. mexicanus sp. n. ♀ PT, dorsal view [MNHN]; Q. P. mexicanus sp. n. ♀ HT, ventral view [MNHN]; R. P. barbadosense sp. n. ♀ PT, lateral view [ANSP]; S. P. barbadosense sp. n. ♀ PT, ventral view [ANSP]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11071629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11071629/files/figure.png" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">64E–G</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136F2A4AFF02D8C7FE75F4F228C3E098" box="[439,489,1177,1203]" captionStart="FIGURE 92" captionStartId="412.[151,250,1725,1749]" captionTargetBox="[161,1428,181,1701]" captionTargetId="figure-22@412.[151,1435,181,1701]" captionTargetPageId="412" captionText="FIGURE 92. Praeopercular organ of ♀♀: A. Phanocles berezini sp. n. PT [coll. FH]; B. Phanocles horni (Redtenbacher, 1908) [coll. FH]; C. Phanocles chaperi (Redtenbacher, 1908) HT [MNHN]; D. Phanocles keratosqueleton (Olivier, 1792) St. Vincent [coll. ASPER, © Philippe Lelong]; E. Phanocles keratosqueleton (Olivier, 1792) Dominica [coll. ASPER, © Philippe Lelong]; F. Phanocles mutica (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907) Trinidad [coll. ASPER, © Philippe Lelong]; G. Phanocles ecuadoricus sp. n. PT [ZMUH]; H. Phanocles maximus sp. n. [coll. FH]; J. Phanocles spectabilis sp. n. PT [coll. FH]. Not in scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11071692" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11071692/files/figure.png" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">92A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136F2A4AFF02D8C7FE37F4F22B1CE098" box="[501,566,1177,1203]" captionStart="FIGURE 100" captionStartId="420.[151,250,1757,1781]" captionTargetBox="[217,1385,185,1718]" captionTargetId="figure-22@420.[201,1386,181,1733]" captionTargetPageId="420" captionText="FIGURE 100. Eggs: A. Phanocles berezini sp. n. [coll. FH]; B. Phanocles horni (Redtenbacher, 1908) [coll. FH]; C. Parotocrania panamae gen. n., sp. n. PT [coll. FH]; D. Trychopeplus laciniatus (Westwood, 1874) [coll. OC]; E. Cranidium gibbosum (Burmeister, 1838) [coll. FH]; F. Phanoclocrania gen. n. dorsuaria (Stål, 1875) [coll. FH]; G. Phanocloidea procera (Conle et al., 2021) [coll. FH]; H. Phanocloidea incolumis (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907) [coll. FH]; J. Phanocloidea schulthessi (Redtenbacher, 1908) [coll. FH]; K. Phanocloidea pallidenotata (Redtenbacher, 1908) [coll. TR]; L. Phanocloidea muricata (Burmeister, 1838) [coll. FH]; M. Phanocloidea venezuelica sp. n. PT [coll. FH]; N. Phanocloidea tobagoense (Langlois & Bellanger, 2012) [coll. FH]; O. Phanocloidea turgida (Westwood, 1859) [coll. FH]; P. Phanocloidea incompta (Rehn, 1904) [coll. FH]. [Scale = 1 mm]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11071711" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11071711/files/figure.png" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">100A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136F2A4AFF02D8C7FD83F4F22BABE098" box="[577,641,1177,1203]" captionStart="FIGURE 120" captionStartId="440.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-22@440.[159,1429,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="440" captionText="FIGURE 120. Live insects: A. Phanocles berezini sp. n. captive reared ♀ PT (insect showing detail of head, pro- and mesothorax in lateral aspect); B. Phanocles virgulatus (Redtenbacher, 1908) ♀ with pretty white mottling at Panguana, Dept. Huanuco, Peru; C. Jeremia gymnota Günther, 1930 ♀ at Satipo, Peru (© Raf Stassen)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11071772" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11071772/files/figure.png" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">120A</figureCitation>
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)
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<emphasis id="B920EADDFF02D8C7FF55F4B62996E0DE" bold="true" box="[151,188,1245,1269]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">HT</emphasis>
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,
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<collectorName id="26A15319FF02D8C7FF29F4B528CFE0DE" box="[235,485,1245,1269]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Ex Zucht F. Hennemann</collectorName>
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2011–12,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6B8FACB5FF02D8C7FCB2F4B62D2CE0DE" box="[880,1030,1245,1269]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Xadani village</collectingMunicipality>
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nr.
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|
||
<collectingDate id="EFAEE9E7FF02D8C7FB08F4B62C3EE0DE" box="[1226,1300,1245,1269]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" value="2006-05">V.2006</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26A15319FF02D8C7FA8EF4B6283CE13F" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Mikhail Berezin</collectorName>
|
||
[
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE0AFF02D8C7FEE0F4972846E13F" box="[290,364,1276,1300]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a6ms-py1z" name="Zoologische Staatssammlung" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">ZSMC</collectionCode>
|
||
, ex coll.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE0AFF02D8C7FE05F49728C0E138" box="[455,490,1276,1299]" country="0" name="Fort Hays" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">FH</collectionCode>
|
||
]
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB36CFFF02D8C7FF55F5702B73E17A" blockId="162.[151,1437,1245,1423]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF02D8C7FF55F570299DE118" bold="true" box="[151,183,1307,1331]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">PT</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3C3C92FF02D8C7FF06F5702B7FE17A" collectingDate="2006-05" collectionCode="FH" collectorName="Ex Zucht F. Hennemann & Mikhail Berezin" country="Mexico" county="Herkunft" location="Hoatulco City" municipality="Xadani village" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" specimenCount="19" specimenCount-female="19" stateProvince="Oaxaca">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D52FD46FF02D8C7FF06F5702821E119" box="[196,267,1307,1331]" count="19" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" type="female">19 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, eggs:
|
||
<collectorName id="26A15319FF02D8C7FE90F5702B62E119" box="[338,584,1306,1330]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Ex Zucht F. Hennemann</collectorName>
|
||
2011–12,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="628A4E43FF02D8C7FD71F5712A39E119" box="[691,787,1306,1330]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Herkunft</collectingCounty>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F343765FFF02D8C7FCDEF5712A46E119" box="[796,876,1306,1330]" name="Mexico" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4990F82DFF02D8C7FCB4F5702AEFE118" box="[886,965,1307,1331]" country="Mexico" name="Oaxaca" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Oaxaca</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8FACB5FF02D8C7FC0CF5712D49E119" box="[974,1123,1306,1330]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Xadani village</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
nr.
|
||
<location id="8E8B6014FF02D8C7FB4BF5712C33E119" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD87D9FF02D8C1FF55F43B2BF9E004:8E8B6014FF02D8C7FB4BF5712C33E119" box="[1161,1305,1306,1330]" country="Mexico" county="Herkunft" municipality="Xadani village" name="Hoatulco City" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" stateProvince="Oaxaca">Hoatulco City</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFEA100FFF02D8C7FAE0F5712C47E119" box="[1314,1389,1306,1330]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" value="2006-05">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFAEE9E7FF02D8C7FAE0F5712C47E119" box="[1314,1389,1306,1330]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" value="2006-05">V.2006</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26A15319FF02D8C7FF05F5522847E17A" box="[199,365,1337,1361]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Mikhail Berezin</collectorName>
|
||
[
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE0AFF02D8C7FEBBF55128B4E17A" box="[377,414,1338,1361]" country="0" name="Fort Hays" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">FH</collectionCode>
|
||
, 0718–1 to 19, E]
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB36CFFF02D8C7FF55F5332B53E1A4" blockId="162.[151,1437,1245,1423]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF02D8C7FF55F533299DE15B" bold="true" box="[151,183,1368,1392]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">PT</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3C3C92FF02D8C7FF07F5332B5FE1A4" collectionCode="OC" collectorName="O. Conle & Gen F & Mikhail Berezin" country="Mexico" location="Xadani village" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" specimenCount="124" specimenCount-egg="54" specimenCount-female="70" stateProvince="Oaxaca">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D52FD46FF02D8C7FF07F5332827E144" box="[197,269,1368,1392]" count="70" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" type="female">70 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D52FD46FF02D8C7FED8F5332846E15B" box="[282,364,1368,1392]" count="54" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" type="egg">54 eggs</specimenCount>
|
||
: Ex Zucht:
|
||
<collectorName id="26A15319FF02D8C7FE26F5332B6BE15B" box="[484,577,1368,1392]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">O. Conle</collectorName>
|
||
2009,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F343765FFF02D8C7FD4BF5332BF0E15B" box="[649,730,1368,1392]" name="Mexico" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
: S-Mexiko,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4990F82DFF02D8C7FC95F5332A8CE15B" box="[855,934,1368,1392]" country="Mexico" name="Oaxaca" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Oaxaca</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E8B6014FF02D8C7FC73F5332D6DE15B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD87D9FF02D8C1FF55F43B2BF9E004:8E8B6014FF02D8C7FC73F5332D6DE15B" box="[945,1095,1368,1392]" country="Mexico" name="Xadani village" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" stateProvince="Oaxaca">Xadani village</location>
|
||
near Hoatulco City,
|
||
<collectorName id="26A15319FF02D8C7FADFF5332C75E15B" box="[1309,1375,1368,1392]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Gen F</collectorName>
|
||
3, leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26A15319FF02D8C7FF05F51D2847E1A5" box="[199,365,1398,1422]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Mikhail Berezin</collectorName>
|
||
2006 [
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE0AFF02D8C7FE70F51C28F0E1A4" box="[434,474,1399,1423]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13789" name="Oberlin College" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" type="Herbarium">OC</collectionCode>
|
||
, 0465–1 to 71]
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34E6544FF02D8C7FF55F5D72CB7E348" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB36CFFF02D8C7FF55F5D72CB7E348" blockId="162.[151,1437,1468,2035]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF02D8C7FF55F5D7283EE1FD" bold="true" box="[151,276,1468,1494]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
|
||
Females of this new species (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F2A4AFF02D8C7FD97F5D62B90E1FC" box="[597,698,1468,1495]" captionStart="FIGURE 54" captionStartId="374.[151,250,1802,1826]" captionTargetBox="[206,1385,186,1774]" captionTargetId="figure-22@374.[201,1386,181,1778]" captionTargetPageId="374" captionText="FIGURE 54. Phanocles Stål, 1875 habitus: A. P. maroniensis (Chopard, 1911) ♀ HT (French Guiana, St. Jean de Maroni, Nouveau Chantier), dorsolateral view [MNHN]; B. P. aequatorialis (Redtenbacher, 1908) ♀ (captive reared from Ecuador, Prov. Esmeraldas, Durango), dorsolateral view [coll. FH, No. 0659–3]; C. P. decorus Zompro, 2001 ♀ HT (Ecuador), dorsolateral view [MNHU]; D. P. berezini sp. n. ♀ PT (captive reared from Mexico, Oaxaca, Xadani village nr. Huantulco), dorsolateral view [coll. FH, No. 0718–8]; E. P. solidus sp. n. ♀ HT (Ecuador, Prov. El Oro, Arenillas), dorsolateral view [ANSP]; F. P. aequatorialis (Redtenbacher, 1908) ♂ (captive reared from Ecuador, Prov. Esmeraldas, Durango), dorsolateral view [coll. FH, No. 0659–1]; G. P. acutecornutus sp. n. ♂ PT (Bolivia, Prov. Chapare, Villa Tunari), dorsal view [ZSMC]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11071601" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11071601/files/figure.png" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Fig. 54D</figureCitation>
|
||
; the only sex known) strongly resembles members of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D4CFF02D8C7FAC0F5D62CB6E1FC" authority="Hennemann & Conle, 2024" authorityName="Hennemann & Conle" authorityYear="2024" box="[1282,1436,1469,1495]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Lanceobostra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF02D8C7FAC0F5D62CB6E1FC" box="[1282,1436,1469,1495]" italics="true" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Lanceobostra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF02D8C7FF55F58A29C2E1D0" bold="true" box="[151,232,1505,1531]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21357A6FF02D8C7FF55F58A29C2E1D0" box="[151,232,1505,1531]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
but the elongated gonapophyses VIII, prominent, laterally compressed cephalad horns (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F2A4AFF02D8C7FB12F58A2C12E1D0" box="[1232,1336,1504,1531]" captionStart="FIGURE 57" captionStartId="377.[151,250,1801,1825]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,204,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-17@377.[151,1435,199,1777]" captionTargetPageId="377" captionText="FIGURE 57. Phanocles Stål, 1875 head and prothorax: A. P. acutecornutus sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsolateral view [MNHN]; B. P. berezini sp. n. ♀ PT, lateral view [coll. FH]; C. P. brevipes sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsolateral view (head is turned upside down) [ANSP]; D. P. barbadosense sp. n. ♀ PT, lateral view [ANSP]; E. P. muticus (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907) ♀, dorsolateral view [coll. FH]; F. P. burkartii (Saussure, 1868) ♀, dorsolateral view [coll. FH]; G. P. saussurei (Redtenbacher, 1908) ♀, lateral view [coll. FH]; H. P. falcatus sp. n. ♀ PT, dorsolateral view [MNHN]; J. P. falcatus sp. n. ♀ PT, dorsolateral view [MNHN]; K. P. superbus sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsolateral view [MNHN]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11071609" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11071609/files/figure.png" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Fig. 57B</figureCitation>
|
||
), lack of a distinct medio-longitudinal keel on the mesosternum place this new species in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D4CFF02D8C7FBE4F66E2DB1E234" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1875" box="[1062,1179,1541,1567]" class="Insecta" family="Diapheromeridae" genus="Phanocles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF02D8C7FBE4F66E2DB1E234" box="[1062,1179,1541,1567]" italics="true" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Phanocles</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The eggs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F2A4AFF02D8C7FADDF66E2CBEE234" box="[1311,1428,1541,1567]" captionStart="FIGURE 100" captionStartId="420.[151,250,1757,1781]" captionTargetBox="[217,1385,185,1718]" captionTargetId="figure-22@420.[201,1386,181,1733]" captionTargetPageId="420" captionText="FIGURE 100. Eggs: A. Phanocles berezini sp. n. [coll. FH]; B. Phanocles horni (Redtenbacher, 1908) [coll. FH]; C. Parotocrania panamae gen. n., sp. n. PT [coll. FH]; D. Trychopeplus laciniatus (Westwood, 1874) [coll. OC]; E. Cranidium gibbosum (Burmeister, 1838) [coll. FH]; F. Phanoclocrania gen. n. dorsuaria (Stål, 1875) [coll. FH]; G. Phanocloidea procera (Conle et al., 2021) [coll. FH]; H. Phanocloidea incolumis (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907) [coll. FH]; J. Phanocloidea schulthessi (Redtenbacher, 1908) [coll. FH]; K. Phanocloidea pallidenotata (Redtenbacher, 1908) [coll. TR]; L. Phanocloidea muricata (Burmeister, 1838) [coll. FH]; M. Phanocloidea venezuelica sp. n. PT [coll. FH]; N. Phanocloidea tobagoense (Langlois & Bellanger, 2012) [coll. FH]; O. Phanocloidea turgida (Westwood, 1859) [coll. FH]; P. Phanocloidea incompta (Rehn, 1904) [coll. FH]. [Scale = 1 mm]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11071711" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11071711/files/figure.png" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Fig. 100A</figureCitation>
|
||
) are unusual for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D4CFF02D8C7FE8CF64228E9E268" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1875" box="[334,451,1577,1603]" class="Insecta" family="Diapheromeridae" genus="Phanocles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF02D8C7FE8CF64228E9E268" box="[334,451,1577,1603]" italics="true" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Phanocles</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because of the not pitted, just very weakly coriaceous and shiny capsule surface and also rather resemble eggs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D4CFF02D8C7FE19F6262B5FE24C" authority="Hennemann & Conle, 2024" authorityName="Hennemann & Conle" authorityYear="2024" box="[475,629,1613,1639]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Lanceobostra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF02D8C7FE19F6262B5FE24C" box="[475,629,1613,1639]" italics="true" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Lanceobostra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF02D8C7FDBFF6262BE6E24C" bold="true" box="[637,716,1613,1639]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21357A6FF02D8C7FDBFF6262BE6E24C" box="[637,716,1613,1639]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
In some aspects,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D52FD46FF02D8C7FC57F6262A95E24C" box="[917,959,1613,1639]" count="1" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
of this new species resemble the Mexican
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D4CFF02D8C7FF55F61A2800E2A1" authority="Hennemann & Conle, 2024" authorityName="Hennemann & Conle" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,298,1649,1674]" class="Insecta" family="Diapheromeridae" genus="Phanocles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mexicanus" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF02D8C7FF55F61A2800E2A1" box="[151,298,1649,1674]" italics="true" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">P. mexicanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF02D8C7FEF1F61A285EE2A0" bold="true" box="[307,372,1649,1675]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21357A6FF02D8C7FEF1F61A285EE2A0" box="[307,372,1649,1675]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D4CFF02D8C7FE6EF61A2BA3E2A0" authority="Hennemann & Conle, 2024" authorityName="Hennemann & Conle" authorityYear="2024" box="[428,649,1649,1675]" class="Insecta" family="Diapheromeridae" genus="Phanocles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundatolobatus" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF02D8C7FE6EF61A2BA3E2A0" box="[428,649,1649,1675]" italics="true" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">P. rotundatolobatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF02D8C7FD50F61A2BF8E2A0" bold="true" box="[658,722,1649,1675]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21357A6FF02D8C7FD50F61A2BF8E2A0" box="[658,722,1649,1675]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F343765FFF02D8C7FCDBF61A2ABFE2A0" box="[793,917,1649,1675]" name="Guatemala" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
|
||
, but differ from both species by the slenderer shape, less numerous tubercles of the thoracic segments, much more prominent and laterally compressed cephalad horns (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F2A4AFF02D8C7FF27F6D22861E2F8" box="[229,331,1720,1747]" captionStart="FIGURE 57" captionStartId="377.[151,250,1801,1825]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,204,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-17@377.[151,1435,199,1777]" captionTargetPageId="377" captionText="FIGURE 57. Phanocles Stål, 1875 head and prothorax: A. P. acutecornutus sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsolateral view [MNHN]; B. P. berezini sp. n. ♀ PT, lateral view [coll. FH]; C. P. brevipes sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsolateral view (head is turned upside down) [ANSP]; D. P. barbadosense sp. n. ♀ PT, lateral view [ANSP]; E. P. muticus (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907) ♀, dorsolateral view [coll. FH]; F. P. burkartii (Saussure, 1868) ♀, dorsolateral view [coll. FH]; G. P. saussurei (Redtenbacher, 1908) ♀, lateral view [coll. FH]; H. P. falcatus sp. n. ♀ PT, dorsolateral view [MNHN]; J. P. falcatus sp. n. ♀ PT, dorsolateral view [MNHN]; K. P. superbus sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsolateral view [MNHN]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11071609" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11071609/files/figure.png" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Fig. 57B</figureCitation>
|
||
), lack of a posterolateral lobe of abdominal tergum VII (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F2A4AFF02D8C7FC07F6D22D7DE2F8" box="[965,1111,1721,1747]" captionStart="FIGURE 64" captionStartId="384.[151,250,1724,1748]" captionTargetBox="[213,1374,181,1697]" captionTargetId="figure-22@384.[213,1374,181,1700]" captionTargetPageId="384" captionText="FIGURE 64. Phanocles Stål, 1875 terminalia of ♀♀: A. P. superbus sp. n. ♀ HT, lateral view [MNHN]; B. P. superbus sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsal view [MNHN]; C. P. superbus sp. n. ♀ HT, ventral view [MNHN]; D. P. acutecornutus sp. n. ♀ PT, lateral view [ZSMC]; E. P. berezini sp. n. ♀ PT, lateral view [coll. FH]; F. P. berezini sp. n. ♀ PT, dorsal view [coll. FH]; G. P. berezini sp. n. ♀ PT, ventral view [coll. FH]; H. P. muticus (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907), lateral view [coll. FH]; J. P. muticus (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907), dorsal view [coll. FH]; K. P. muticus (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907), ventral view [coll. FH]; L. P. horni (Redtenbacher, 1908), lateral view [coll. FH]; M. P. horni (Redtenbacher, 1908), dorsal view [coll. FH]; N. P. horni(Redtenbacher, 1908), ventral view [coll. FH]; O. P. mexicanus sp. n. ♀ PT, lateral view [MNHN]; P. P. mexicanus sp. n. ♀ PT, dorsal view [MNHN]; Q. P. mexicanus sp. n. ♀ HT, ventral view [MNHN]; R. P. barbadosense sp. n. ♀ PT, lateral view [ANSP]; S. P. barbadosense sp. n. ♀ PT, ventral view [ANSP]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11071629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11071629/files/figure.png" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Figs. 64E–G</figureCitation>
|
||
), longer and more acuminate subgenital plate and much less developed medio-dorsal lobe of the basitarsi. The large cephalad horns and long subgenital plate also resemble
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D4CFF02D8C7FE2DF76A2B80E331" authority="Hennemann & Conle, 2024" authorityName="Hennemann & Conle" authorityYear="2024" box="[495,682,1793,1818]" class="Insecta" family="Diapheromeridae" genus="Phanocles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acutecornutus" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF02D8C7FE2DF76A2B80E331" box="[495,682,1793,1818]" italics="true" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">P. acutecornutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF02D8C7FD73F76A2BDAE330" bold="true" box="[689,752,1793,1819]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21357A6FF02D8C7FD73F76A2BDAE330" box="[689,752,1793,1819]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F343765FFF02D8C7FCF6F76A2AACE330" box="[820,902,1793,1819]" name="Bolivia" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F343765FFF02D8C7FC7CF76A2D37E330" box="[958,1053,1793,1819]" name="Ecuador" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
, but in addition to the very distant geographic distribution,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D52FD46FF02D8C7FE68F74E2895E314" box="[426,447,1829,1855]" count="1" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
of this latter species have the horns of the head conical, the mesonotum entirely smooth but with a distinct medio-longitudinal carina and abdominal tergum bears a prominent rounded posterolateral lobe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34E6544FF02D8C7FF05F7062B4FE380" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB36CFFF02D8C7FF05F7062B4FE380" blockId="162.[151,1437,1468,2035]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF02D8C7FF05F7062878E3AC" bold="true" box="[199,338,1901,1927]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||
Dedicated to Mikhail Berezin (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4990F82DFF02D8C7FD0BF7062A06E3AC" box="[713,812,1901,1927]" country="Russia" name="Moscow" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Moscow</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F343765FFF02D8C7FCF9F7062AA0E3AC" box="[827,906,1901,1927]" name="Russia" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
), the collector of this new species for kindly forwarding a culture stock to the authors.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34E6544FF02D8C1FF05F7DF28FAE683" lastPageId="164" lastPageNumber="165" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB36CFFF02D8C6FF05F7DF2B14E56A" blockId="162.[151,1437,1468,2035]" lastBlockId="163.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="163" lastPageNumber="164" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF02D8C7FF05F7DF2B4BE3E5" bold="true" box="[199,609,1972,2002]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">
|
||
Description.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D52FD46FF02D8C7FEA2F7DD28A0E3F9" box="[352,394,1974,2002]" count="1" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F2A4AFF02D8C7FE58F7DF2B29E3E5" box="[410,515,1972,1998]" captionStart="FIGURE 54" captionStartId="374.[151,250,1802,1826]" captionTargetBox="[206,1385,186,1774]" captionTargetId="figure-22@374.[201,1386,181,1778]" captionTargetPageId="374" captionText="FIGURE 54. Phanocles Stål, 1875 habitus: A. P. maroniensis (Chopard, 1911) ♀ HT (French Guiana, St. Jean de Maroni, Nouveau Chantier), dorsolateral view [MNHN]; B. P. aequatorialis (Redtenbacher, 1908) ♀ (captive reared from Ecuador, Prov. Esmeraldas, Durango), dorsolateral view [coll. FH, No. 0659–3]; C. P. decorus Zompro, 2001 ♀ HT (Ecuador), dorsolateral view [MNHU]; D. P. berezini sp. n. ♀ PT (captive reared from Mexico, Oaxaca, Xadani village nr. Huantulco), dorsolateral view [coll. FH, No. 0718–8]; E. P. solidus sp. n. ♀ HT (Ecuador, Prov. El Oro, Arenillas), dorsolateral view [ANSP]; F. P. aequatorialis (Redtenbacher, 1908) ♂ (captive reared from Ecuador, Prov. Esmeraldas, Durango), dorsolateral view [coll. FH, No. 0659–1]; G. P. acutecornutus sp. n. ♂ PT (Bolivia, Prov. Chapare, Villa Tunari), dorsal view [ZSMC]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11071601" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11071601/files/figure.png" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Fig. 54D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F2A4AFF02D8C7FDD3F7DF2B7EE3E5" box="[529,596,1972,1998]" captionStart="FIGURE 120" captionStartId="440.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-22@440.[159,1429,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="440" captionText="FIGURE 120. Live insects: A. Phanocles berezini sp. n. captive reared ♀ PT (insect showing detail of head, pro- and mesothorax in lateral aspect); B. Phanocles virgulatus (Redtenbacher, 1908) ♀ with pretty white mottling at Panguana, Dept. Huanuco, Peru; C. Jeremia gymnota Günther, 1930 ♀ at Satipo, Peru (© Raf Stassen)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11071772" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11071772/files/figure.png" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">120A</figureCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Medium sized (body length including subgenital plate 136.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CAC9B2AFF02D8C7FAE3F7DF2CBEE3E4" box="[1313,1428,1972,1999]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.585" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" unit="mm" value="158.5">158.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
) and very slender species with a flattened but prominently bi-cornute head, sparsely tubercular thorax and a very long, lanceolate subgenital plate. General colouration variable, ranging from dark over mid brown and ochre to green. Abdominal terga II–VI each with a ± distinct dark marking posteromedially. Largest tubercles of pro- and mesothorax with black tips. A narrow, dark diagonal marking between upper margin of eye and the cephalad horns. Eyes dull ochre. Bases of all femora irregularly flecked with dark brown to black. Antennae pale to mid brown dorsally, basal half blackish ventrally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB36CFFF03D8C6FF05F1202B50E682" blockId="163.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
|
||
Head (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F2A4AFF03D8C6FED7F12028ABE54E" box="[277,385,330,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 57" captionStartId="377.[151,250,1801,1825]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,204,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-17@377.[151,1435,199,1777]" captionTargetPageId="377" captionText="FIGURE 57. Phanocles Stål, 1875 head and prothorax: A. P. acutecornutus sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsolateral view [MNHN]; B. P. berezini sp. n. ♀ PT, lateral view [coll. FH]; C. P. brevipes sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsolateral view (head is turned upside down) [ANSP]; D. P. barbadosense sp. n. ♀ PT, lateral view [ANSP]; E. P. muticus (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907) ♀, dorsolateral view [coll. FH]; F. P. burkartii (Saussure, 1868) ♀, dorsolateral view [coll. FH]; G. P. saussurei (Redtenbacher, 1908) ♀, lateral view [coll. FH]; H. P. falcatus sp. n. ♀ PT, dorsolateral view [MNHN]; J. P. falcatus sp. n. ♀ PT, dorsolateral view [MNHN]; K. P. superbus sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsolateral view [MNHN]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11071609" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11071609/files/figure.png" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">Fig. 57B</figureCitation>
|
||
): Fairly elongate, about 1.3x longer than wide, broadest at the eyes and gently narrowing towards the posterior, vertex very slightly convex and with a distinctly impressed coronal line. Frons with a distinct, transverse groove. Behind the eyes with a pair of very large, laterally compressed horns, which are slightly converging towards the anterior and have the anterior and apical margin lamellate and irregularly dentate; these variable in size and shape and almost equal in height to head capsule. Between them a pair of small but acute spines and two small, shallow, rectangular impressions directly posterior to them. Eyes moderately convex, roundly triangular in outline and their diameter contained 2.2x in length of genae. Antennae roughly reaching to posterior margin of abdominal segment II or III. Scapus strongly compressed dorsoventrally, about 2.2x longer than wide and with the lateral margins gently convex. Pedicellus elongate, round in cross-section, slightly narrowing towards the apex and roughly half the length of scapus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB36CFFF03D8C6FF05F2D82AA7E056" blockId="163.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
|
||
Thorax: Pronotum about equal in length but narrower than head, 1.6x longer than wide and roundly rectangular in dorsal aspect; the lateral margins weakly concave pre-medially and convex in posterior half. Anterior margin with a pair of blunt tubercles medially and often with a further lateral granule. Transverse median sulcus shallow, weakly arched and almost expanding entire width of segment. Surface otherwise unevenly supplied with small, blunt tubercles in the median portion and along lateral margins; a pair of distinct black tipped median tubercles in front and behind transverse median sulcus and one pair near posterior margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F2A4AFF03D8C6FBD0F30C2D50E7AA" box="[1042,1146,870,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 57" captionStartId="377.[151,250,1801,1825]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,204,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-17@377.[151,1435,199,1777]" captionTargetPageId="377" captionText="FIGURE 57. Phanocles Stål, 1875 head and prothorax: A. P. acutecornutus sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsolateral view [MNHN]; B. P. berezini sp. n. ♀ PT, lateral view [coll. FH]; C. P. brevipes sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsolateral view (head is turned upside down) [ANSP]; D. P. barbadosense sp. n. ♀ PT, lateral view [ANSP]; E. P. muticus (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907) ♀, dorsolateral view [coll. FH]; F. P. burkartii (Saussure, 1868) ♀, dorsolateral view [coll. FH]; G. P. saussurei (Redtenbacher, 1908) ♀, lateral view [coll. FH]; H. P. falcatus sp. n. ♀ PT, dorsolateral view [MNHN]; J. P. falcatus sp. n. ♀ PT, dorsolateral view [MNHN]; K. P. superbus sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsolateral view [MNHN]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11071609" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11071609/files/figure.png" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">Fig. 57B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mesothorax 5.3x longer than prothorax with posterior portion very slightly widened. Mesonotum sparsely set with node-like tubercles of various sizes, which become fewer towards the posterior of segment; the largest tubercles tipped with black and a fine longitudinal marginal row of granules near lateral margins. Metanotum sculptured like mesonotum and with the lateral row of granules forming an obtuse carina; slightly less than one-third the length of mesonotum and weakly narrowing towards the posterior. Meso- and metapleurae with a longitudinal row of variably sized, acute granules along upper margin and otherwise minutely granulose. Meso- and metasternum distinctly but unevenly granulose and with a fine, granulose longitudinal carina along lateral margins.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB36CFFF03D8C6FF05F4EC2D97E3F6" blockId="163.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
|
||
Abdomen: Median segment scarcely longer than metanotum, gently constricted medially and about 3x longer than wide; sparsely supplied with node-like tubercles of moderate size. Segment II somewhat longer than median segment, II–V slightly increasing and VI and VII decreasing in length with VII only about two-thirds the length of V; V about 3.4x longer than wide. II–VI of uniform width, VII somewhat narrower than preceding with lateral margins parallel-sided. Terga very sparsely and minutely granulose, II–VI often with a transverse, posteromedian tubercle, which is most decided and occasionally forms a spine-like projection on V and VI. Sterna sparsely and minutely granulose and with a fine longitudinal carina along each lateral margin. Praeopercular organ formed by two small, rounded, lobe-like and converging expansions of the lateral carinae; between these lobes with a conspicuous bold dark brown to black marking (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F2A4AFF03D8C6FE2DF5CC2B73E1EA" box="[495,601,1447,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 92" captionStartId="412.[151,250,1725,1749]" captionTargetBox="[161,1428,181,1701]" captionTargetId="figure-22@412.[151,1435,181,1701]" captionTargetPageId="412" captionText="FIGURE 92. Praeopercular organ of ♀♀: A. Phanocles berezini sp. n. PT [coll. FH]; B. Phanocles horni (Redtenbacher, 1908) [coll. FH]; C. Phanocles chaperi (Redtenbacher, 1908) HT [MNHN]; D. Phanocles keratosqueleton (Olivier, 1792) St. Vincent [coll. ASPER, © Philippe Lelong]; E. Phanocles keratosqueleton (Olivier, 1792) Dominica [coll. ASPER, © Philippe Lelong]; F. Phanocles mutica (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907) Trinidad [coll. ASPER, © Philippe Lelong]; G. Phanocles ecuadoricus sp. n. PT [ZMUH]; H. Phanocles maximus sp. n. [coll. FH]; J. Phanocles spectabilis sp. n. PT [coll. FH]. Not in scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11071692" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11071692/files/figure.png" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">Fig. 92A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Terga VIII–X noticeably narrower than preceding, of uniform width and parallel-sided. VIII less than half the length of VII and some 2.2x longer than wide, IX about thre-quarters the length of VIII. Anal segment longer than IX, carinate longitudinally with the apical portion narrowed and the posterior margin with a roundly triangular median emargination; the outer angles obtusely triangular (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F2A4AFF03D8C6FB7DF6782C0CE206" box="[1215,1318,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 64" captionStartId="384.[151,250,1724,1748]" captionTargetBox="[213,1374,181,1697]" captionTargetId="figure-22@384.[213,1374,181,1700]" captionTargetPageId="384" captionText="FIGURE 64. Phanocles Stål, 1875 terminalia of ♀♀: A. P. superbus sp. n. ♀ HT, lateral view [MNHN]; B. P. superbus sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsal view [MNHN]; C. P. superbus sp. n. ♀ HT, ventral view [MNHN]; D. P. acutecornutus sp. n. ♀ PT, lateral view [ZSMC]; E. P. berezini sp. n. ♀ PT, lateral view [coll. FH]; F. P. berezini sp. n. ♀ PT, dorsal view [coll. FH]; G. P. berezini sp. n. ♀ PT, ventral view [coll. FH]; H. P. muticus (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907), lateral view [coll. FH]; J. P. muticus (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907), dorsal view [coll. FH]; K. P. muticus (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907), ventral view [coll. FH]; L. P. horni (Redtenbacher, 1908), lateral view [coll. FH]; M. P. horni (Redtenbacher, 1908), dorsal view [coll. FH]; N. P. horni(Redtenbacher, 1908), ventral view [coll. FH]; O. P. mexicanus sp. n. ♀ PT, lateral view [MNHN]; P. P. mexicanus sp. n. ♀ PT, dorsal view [MNHN]; Q. P. mexicanus sp. n. ♀ HT, ventral view [MNHN]; R. P. barbadosense sp. n. ♀ PT, lateral view [ANSP]; S. P. barbadosense sp. n. ♀ PT, ventral view [ANSP]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11071629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11071629/files/figure.png" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">Fig. 64F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Epiproct small, roundly triangular and wider than long. Cerci small, elongate, round in cross-section and slightly constricting towards a narrow but blunt tip; just not reaching to apex of anal segment. Gonapophyses VIII very elongate, filiform with the apex slightly thickened and upcurved; projecting over apex of abdomen by about 2x the length of anal segment. Subgenital plate long, naviculate and lanceolate in shape, distinctly keeled longitudinally with the apex acuminate and projecting beyond apex of abdomen by more than combined length of terga VIII–X (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F2A4AFF03D8C6FB34F6AC2CA3E2CA" box="[1270,1417,1735,1761]" captionStart="FIGURE 64" captionStartId="384.[151,250,1724,1748]" captionTargetBox="[213,1374,181,1697]" captionTargetId="figure-22@384.[213,1374,181,1700]" captionTargetPageId="384" captionText="FIGURE 64. Phanocles Stål, 1875 terminalia of ♀♀: A. P. superbus sp. n. ♀ HT, lateral view [MNHN]; B. P. superbus sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsal view [MNHN]; C. P. superbus sp. n. ♀ HT, ventral view [MNHN]; D. P. acutecornutus sp. n. ♀ PT, lateral view [ZSMC]; E. P. berezini sp. n. ♀ PT, lateral view [coll. FH]; F. P. berezini sp. n. ♀ PT, dorsal view [coll. FH]; G. P. berezini sp. n. ♀ PT, ventral view [coll. FH]; H. P. muticus (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907), lateral view [coll. FH]; J. P. muticus (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907), dorsal view [coll. FH]; K. P. muticus (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907), ventral view [coll. FH]; L. P. horni (Redtenbacher, 1908), lateral view [coll. FH]; M. P. horni (Redtenbacher, 1908), dorsal view [coll. FH]; N. P. horni(Redtenbacher, 1908), ventral view [coll. FH]; O. P. mexicanus sp. n. ♀ PT, lateral view [MNHN]; P. P. mexicanus sp. n. ♀ PT, dorsal view [MNHN]; Q. P. mexicanus sp. n. ♀ HT, ventral view [MNHN]; R. P. barbadosense sp. n. ♀ PT, lateral view [ANSP]; S. P. barbadosense sp. n. ♀ PT, ventral view [ANSP]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11071629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11071629/files/figure.png" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">Figs. 64E–G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Legs:All long and slender. Profemora a little longer than mesothorax, mesofemora about three-quarters the length of mesothorax, metafemora slightly projecting over posterior margin of abdominal segment IV and metatibiae roughly reaching to apex of anal segment. Mesofemora weakly downcurved and the two outer ventral carinae usually with one or two small teeth sub-basally (may be lacking). Medioventral carina of meso- and metafemora with 2–5 small spines apically. Probasitarsus elongate and a little longer than remaining tarsomeres combined; the dorsal carina gently raised and rounded. Meso- and metabasitarsi a little longer than following three tarsomeres combined with the dorsal carina very slightly raised and sometimes very indistinctly rounded in the basal half.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB36CFFF04D8C1FF05F0FD29E8E64A" blockId="164.[151,1437,150,1004]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF04D8C1FF05F0FD28A0E49B" bold="true" box="[199,394,150,176]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">
|
||
Egg (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F2A4AFF04D8C1FEC7F0FD2857E49B" box="[261,381,150,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 100" captionStartId="420.[151,250,1757,1781]" captionTargetBox="[217,1385,185,1718]" captionTargetId="figure-22@420.[201,1386,181,1733]" captionTargetPageId="420" captionText="FIGURE 100. Eggs: A. Phanocles berezini sp. n. [coll. FH]; B. Phanocles horni (Redtenbacher, 1908) [coll. FH]; C. Parotocrania panamae gen. n., sp. n. PT [coll. FH]; D. Trychopeplus laciniatus (Westwood, 1874) [coll. OC]; E. Cranidium gibbosum (Burmeister, 1838) [coll. FH]; F. Phanoclocrania gen. n. dorsuaria (Stål, 1875) [coll. FH]; G. Phanocloidea procera (Conle et al., 2021) [coll. FH]; H. Phanocloidea incolumis (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907) [coll. FH]; J. Phanocloidea schulthessi (Redtenbacher, 1908) [coll. FH]; K. Phanocloidea pallidenotata (Redtenbacher, 1908) [coll. TR]; L. Phanocloidea muricata (Burmeister, 1838) [coll. FH]; M. Phanocloidea venezuelica sp. n. PT [coll. FH]; N. Phanocloidea tobagoense (Langlois & Bellanger, 2012) [coll. FH]; O. Phanocloidea turgida (Westwood, 1859) [coll. FH]; P. Phanocloidea incompta (Rehn, 1904) [coll. FH]. [Scale = 1 mm]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11071711" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11071711/files/figure.png" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">Fig. 100A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Fairly small for the genus, shape basically ovoid with the polar-area flattened and the dorsal egg surface more convex than all other parts of capsule; oval in cross-section, 1.25x longer high and 1.4x longer than wide. Capsule surface very weakly coriaceous and shiny; a mesh of very shallow bulges weakly indicated on dorsal surface around micropylar plate and around polar-area. Micropylar plate elongate, slender, weakly widened in the posterior half and about 0.7x the length of capsule; about 4x longer than width in median portion. Surface of plate smooth and slightly convex. Micropylar cup small and positioned at polar end of plate; the median line a fairly distinct, obtuse keel that almost reaches to polar end of capsule. Operculum oval and with a prominent, hollow, raised structure that is fairly typical for the genus and formed by a membranous excrescence of the outer margin; shape roundly conical with the lateral surface smooth and the anterior margin incurved and unevenly crenulate; height almost corresponding to half of capsule length. Colour of capsule uniformly dark brown with the dorsal surface and slightly raised bulges dull cream-coloured to grey. Micropylar plate very dark brown with the outer margin pale cream. Opercular excrescence dark orange at the base and gradually becoming yellow towards the top.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB36CFFF04D8C1FF05F20028FAE683" blockId="164.[151,1437,150,1004]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">Measurements [mm]: length including operculum 3.7–3.9, length 2.7–2.8, width 1.7–1.8, height 2.1–2.2, length of micropylar plate 1.7–1.8.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34E6544FF04D8C1FF05F2D92BF9E004" pageId="164" pageNumber="165" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB36CFFF04D8C1FF05F2D928EDE7C7" blockId="164.[151,1437,150,1004]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF04D8C1FF05F2D92865E6E7" bold="true" box="[199,335,690,716]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
Several specimens and eggs were collected at the type-locality by Mikhail Berezin (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4990F82DFF04D8C1FAF7F2D92CB2E6E7" box="[1333,1432,690,716]" country="Russia" name="Moscow" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">Moscow</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F343765FFF04D8C1FF55F2BD29C9E6DB" box="[151,227,726,752]" name="Russia" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
) in
|
||
<date id="FFEA100FFF04D8C1FED0F2BC28A0E6DB" box="[274,394,726,753]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165" value="2006-05">May 2006</date>
|
||
. The eggs collected from these specimens gave rise to a parthenogenetic culture-stock, that was forwarded to the authors in 2010. Breeding in captivity has proven fairly easy in large, well-ventilated cages at average temperatures of 24–26°C and moderately high humidity. Bramble (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D4CFF04D8C1FC25F3752D89E713" box="[999,1187,798,824]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="164" pageNumber="165" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fruticosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF04D8C1FC25F3752D89E713" box="[999,1187,798,824]" italics="true" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">Rubus fruticosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D4CFF04D8C1FB73F3752C35E713" box="[1201,1311,798,824]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="164" pageNumber="165" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rosaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), raspberry (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D4CFF04D8C1FF63F329281EE777" box="[161,308,834,860]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="164" pageNumber="165" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="idaeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF04D8C1FF63F329281EE777" box="[161,308,834,860]" italics="true" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">Rubus idaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D4CFF04D8C1FE82F3292884E777" box="[320,430,834,860]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="164" pageNumber="165" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rosaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), roses (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D4CFF04D8C1FDC4F3282B59E776" box="[518,627,835,861]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rosa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="164" pageNumber="165" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF04D8C1FDC4F3282B14E777" box="[518,574,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">Rosa</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D4CFF04D8C1FDBEF3292BC0E777" box="[636,746,834,860]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="164" pageNumber="165" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rosaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), oak (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D4CFF04D8C1FCF0F3282AF9E777" box="[818,979,834,861]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="164" pageNumber="165" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robur">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF04D8C1FCF0F3282AF9E777" box="[818,979,834,861]" italics="true" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">Quercus robur</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D4CFF04D8C1FC1DF3292D63E777" authorityName="Dumortier" authorityYear="1829" box="[991,1097,834,860]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="164" pageNumber="165" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and salal (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D4CFF04D8C1FB01F3292CBFE777" box="[1219,1429,834,860]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Gaultheria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="164" pageNumber="165" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="shallon">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF04D8C1FB01F3292CBFE777" box="[1219,1429,834,860]" italics="true" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">Gaultheria shallon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D4CFF04D8C1FF55F30D282CE7AB" box="[151,262,870,896]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="164" pageNumber="165" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Ericaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) were accepted as alternative food plants. At around 70% the hatching rates of the parthenogenetically produced eggs were fairly high. Eggs hatched after 4–5 months and nymphs reached maturity after about six months. Females produced an average of 3–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D52FD46FF04D8C1FDE9F3C52B5FE7E2" box="[555,629,942,969]" count="4" pageId="164" pageNumber="165" type="egg">4 eggs</specimenCount>
|
||
per day, which are simply flicked away by an abrupt movement of the abdomen. Males unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB36CFFF04D8C1FF55F47C2BF9E004" blockId="164.[151,723,1046,1071]" box="[151,723,1046,1071]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF04D8C1FF55F47C282AE005" bold="true" box="[151,256,1046,1071]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">Table 32:</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D4CFF04D8C1FE04F47C2BBBE004" authority="Hennemann & Conle, 2024" authorityName="Hennemann & Conle" authorityYear="2024" box="[454,657,1047,1071]" class="Insecta" family="Diapheromeridae" genus="Phanocles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="164" pageNumber="165" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="berezini" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF04D8C1FE04F47C2BBBE004" box="[454,657,1047,1071]" italics="true" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">Phanocles berezini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF04D8C1FD55F47C2BF9E004" bold="true" box="[663,723,1047,1071]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21357A6FF04D8C1FD55F47C2BF9E004" box="[663,723,1047,1071]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |