196 lines
21 KiB
XML
196 lines
21 KiB
XML
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<mods:titleInfo id="299254FF7E71FED589145A2E1269173E">
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<mods:title id="5D9659DB692246BEEAC3FBCB9510C865">Ochotonidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0AA025E06D58390F76EB45D43683D1F4">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4FB3D940C9C029F0E1C5D3B5AA0F544B">Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B5640F5576F50B4823BBDAF758F6BFA4">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="5B35EB3D2FABB6CB4139572D298DAAF5">2016</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:publisher id="54F1A97599CC3645E6BCA3DB29B5F777">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:title id="C33304622F0220B2EAB75CA4E02D6FE1">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 6 Lagomorphs and Rodents I</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03E941211E48FF73FF30F680164A27EF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6617956" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195764617" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6617956" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E941211E48FF73FF30F680164A27EF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E941211E48FF73FF30F680164A27EF" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">
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<subSubSection id="C35AA3BC1E48FF73FF30F6801FFB2B3C" box="[195,252,2363,2413]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BFFF0371E48FF73FF30F6801FFB2B3C" blockId="15.[193,968,2363,2490]" box="[195,252,2363,2413]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">
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<heading id="D0B7475B1E48FF73FF30F6801FFB2B3C" box="[195,252,2363,2413]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">
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<figureCitation id="137BECB21E48FF73FF30F6801FFB2B3C" box="[195,252,2363,2413]" captionStart="Plate 2: Ochotonidae" captionStartId="10.[125,155,3413,3434]" captionTargetBox="[13,2770,13,3644]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="15. Kazakh Pika (Ochotona opaca), 16. Silver Pika (Ochotona argentata), 17. American Pika (Ochotona princeps), 18. Collared Pika (Ochotona collaris), 19. Steppe Pika (Ochotona pusilla), 20. Large-eared Pika (Ochotona macrotis), 21. Royle’s Pika (Ochotona roylu), 22. Afghan Pika (Ochotona rufescens), 23. Forrest's Pika (Ochotona forrest), 24. Ladak Pika (Ochotona ladacensis), 25. Turkestan Red Pika (Ochotona rutila), 26. Kozlov’s Pika (Ochotona koslowi), 27. Chinese Red Pika (Ochotona erythrotis), 28. Glover’s Pika (Ochotona gloveri), 29. Ili Pika (Ochotona iliensis)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6619863" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6619863/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">28.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C35AA3BC1E48FF73FEFDF6801D1C2B3C" box="[270,539,2363,2413]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BFFF0371E48FF73FEFDF6801D1C2B3C" blockId="15.[193,968,2363,2490]" box="[270,539,2363,2413]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">
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<heading id="D0B7475B1E48FF73FEFDF6801D1C2B3C" box="[270,539,2363,2413]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">
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<vernacularName id="054380191E48FF73FEFDF6801D1C2B3C" box="[270,539,2363,2413]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">Glover’s Pika</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35AA3BC1E48FF73FDA1F6801C8E2B3C" box="[594,905,2363,2413]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BFFF0371E48FF73FDA1F6801C8E2B3C" blockId="15.[193,968,2363,2490]" box="[594,905,2363,2413]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">
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<heading id="D0B7475B1E48FF73FDA1F6801C8E2B3C" box="[594,905,2363,2413]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">
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<taxonomicName id="4C408BB41E48FF73FDA1F6801C8E2B3C" ID-CoL="7W4B7" authority="Thomas, 1922" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1922" box="[594,905,2363,2413]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="15" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gloveri">
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<emphasis id="B9342C251E48FF73FDA1F6801C8E2B3C" box="[594,905,2363,2413]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">Ochotona gloveri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35AA3BC1E48FF73FF30F6C51DC22BEB" pageId="15" pageNumber="43" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BFFF0371E48FF73FF30F6C51CC02BC2" blockId="15.[193,968,2363,2490]" box="[195,967,2430,2451]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">
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<heading id="D0B7475B1E48FF73FF30F6C51CC02BC2" box="[195,967,2430,2451]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis id="B9342C251E48FF73FF30F6C51E092BC2" bold="true" box="[195,270,2430,2451]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="054380191E48FF73FEEBF6C51EA22BC2" box="[280,421,2430,2451]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">Pika de Glover</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B9342C251E48FF73FE49F6C51D132BC2" bold="true" box="[442,532,2430,2451]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="054380191E48FF73FDEDF6C51DB92BC2" box="[542,702,2430,2451]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">GloverPfeifhase</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B9342C251E48FF73FD27F6C51C282BC2" bold="true" box="[724,815,2430,2451]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="054380191E48FF73FCCAF6C51CC02BC2" box="[825,967,2430,2451]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">Pica de Glover</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFFF0371E48FF73FF31F61E1DC22BEB" blockId="15.[193,968,2363,2490]" box="[194,709,2469,2490]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">
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<heading id="D0B7475B1E48FF73FF31F61E1DC22BEB" box="[194,709,2469,2490]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis id="B9342C251E48FF73FF31F61E1EBE2BEB" bold="true" box="[194,441,2469,2490]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="054380191E48FF73FE30F61E1DC22BEB" box="[451,709,2469,2490]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">Muli Pika (muliensis form)</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35AA3BC1E48FF73FCD6F6551A74285A" box="[805,1395,2542,2571]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BFFF0371E48FF73FCD6F6551A74285A" blockId="15.[803,1398,2542,2965]" box="[805,1395,2542,2571]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis id="B9342C251E48FF73FCD6F6551CC7285A" bold="true" box="[805,960,2542,2571]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C408BB41E48FF73FC3EF6551A69285A" ID-CoL="7W4B7" authority="Thomas, 1922" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1922" box="[973,1390,2542,2571]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="15" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gloveri">Ochotona gloveri Thomas, 1922</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35AA3BC1E48FF73FCD5F5AA1B0528D1" pageId="15" pageNumber="43" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BFFF0371E48FF73FCD5F5AA1B0528D1" blockId="15.[803,1398,2542,2965]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">
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<materialsCitation id="3B28FA6A1E48FF73FCD5F5AA1B0528D1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3803698307" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">“Nagchuka, 10,000,” Yajiang County, Garzé Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan, China.</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35AA3BC1E48FF73FCD0F5371CAB2E9C" pageId="15" pageNumber="43" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BFFF0371E48FF73FCD0F5371CAB2E9C" blockId="15.[803,1398,2542,2965]" lastBlockId="15.[192,1395,2978,3277]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">
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According to mtDNA fragment analysis, O. glover: belongs to subgenus Conothoa. Scarce data of mtDNA shows that
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<taxonomicName id="4C408BB41E48FF73FAE1F56D1C46294E" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1922" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="15" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gloveri">O. gloveri</taxonomicName>
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. and
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<taxonomicName id="4C408BB41E48FF73FC6BF5451B31294E" authorityName="Biichner" authorityYear="1890" box="[920,1078,2814,2847]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="15" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erythrotis">O. erythrotis</taxonomicName>
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are sister species. Although specimens of O. gloveriwere known since 1880s and were included in the type series of
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<taxonomicName id="4C408BB41E48FF73FC5BF4CF1B4329C4" authorityName="Biichner" authorityYear="1890" box="[936,1092,2932,2965]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="15" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erythrotis">O. erythrotis</taxonomicName>
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, it was not described until 40 years later. Main reasons were cranial similarity between these two species, and color variation in pelage of
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<taxonomicName id="4C408BB41E48FF73FDA6F47E1DD729B3" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1922" box="[597,720,3013,3042]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="15" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gloveri">O. gloveri</taxonomicName>
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and identity of winter pelages of
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<taxonomicName id="4C408BB41E48FF73FB4AF47E1A3229B3" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1922" box="[1209,1333,3013,3042]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="15" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gloveri">O. gloveri</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C408BB41E48FF73FF30F4521E582E5B" authorityName="Biichner" authorityYear="1890" box="[195,351,3049,3082]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="15" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erythrotis">O. erythrotis</taxonomicName>
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. As a result, some authors united these two species together or included them in
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<taxonomicName id="4C408BB41E48FF73FEC8F3AB1EAD2E60" baseAuthorityName="Severtzov" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[315,426,3088,3121]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="15" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rutila">O. rutila</taxonomicName>
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, which was shown to be morphologically distinct, distributed very far from
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<taxonomicName id="4C408BB41E48FF73FEE2F38C1E8D2E09" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1922" box="[273,394,3127,3160]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="15" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gloveri">O. gloveri</taxonomicName>
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, and not a sister species to O. gloveriand
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<taxonomicName id="4C408BB41E48FF73FC39F38C1B642E09" authorityName="Biichner" authorityYear="1890" box="[970,1123,3127,3160]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="15" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erythrotis">O. erythrotis</taxonomicName>
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. According to morphological study, O. gloveriincludes brookei, calloceps, kamensis, and muliensis. Provisional subspecies are recognized here, but they need further revision.
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<taxonomicName id="4C408BB41E48FF73FBADF33D1A342EF6" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1922" box="[1118,1331,3206,3239]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="15" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gloveri">Ochotona gloveri</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C408BB41E48FF73FF30F3171E5D2E9C" authorityName="Biichner" authorityYear="1890" box="[195,346,3244,3277]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="15" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erythrotis">O. erythrotis</taxonomicName>
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are allopatric. Two subspecies recognized.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35AA3BC1E48FF73FA37FE9F18F723B2" pageId="15" pageNumber="43" type="distribution">
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<caption id="DF3FA0BF1E48FF73FA37FE9F18F723B2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6619855" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6619855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6619855/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="43" targetBox="[190,780,2546,2959]" targetPageId="15">
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<paragraph id="8BFFF0371E48FF73FA37FE9F18532314" blockId="15.[1471,2680,292,1473]" box="[1476,1876,292,325]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis id="B9342C251E48FF73FA37FE9F18532314" bold="true" box="[1476,1876,292,325]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">Subspecies and Distribution.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFFF0371E48FF73FA34FEF618B123C5" blockId="15.[1471,2680,292,1473]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">
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0. g.
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<taxonomicName id="4C408BB41E48FF73F9FFFEF61829233F" authority="Thomas, 1922" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1922" box="[1548,1838,333,366]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="15" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gloveri">gloveri Thomas, 1922</taxonomicName>
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— upper part of Yangtze and Mekong basins in SW Qinghai and NE Tibet (=Xizang), SC China.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFFF0371E48FF73FA35FE2718F723B2" blockId="15.[1471,2680,292,1473]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">0. g. calloceps Pen Hungshou et al., 1962 — middle part of Yangtze and Mekong basins in C Sichuan and NW Yunnan, S China.</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35AA3BC1E48FF73FA30FE54173C21C4" pageId="15" pageNumber="43" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BFFF0371E48FF73FA30FE54173C21C4" blockId="15.[1471,2680,292,1473]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis id="B9342C251E48FF73FA30FE5419C4205D" bold="true" box="[1475,1731,495,524]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
|
||
Head-body 170-250 mm, ear 24-37 mm, hindfoot 28-43 mm; weight 125-350 g. Glover’s Pika is a large pika. Pelage is very variable across its distribution. Dorsal fur varies from gray to brown, with muzzle and ears rufous and a dark mask. Ventral fur is grayish. Winter furis longer, softer, and duller than during other seasons. Ears are large and rounded, with faint white margins. Skull is large, and incisive and palatal foramens can be confluent or separated. Pair of foramensis usually situated on frontal bones;this feature is not stable. Auditory bullae are medium-sized. Condylobasal lengths are 41-49 mm, skull widths are 22-25 mm, and skull heights are 16-18 mm. Bright-colored Glover’s Pikas could be confused with Chinese Red Pikas (O. erythrotis) during molt. Glover's Pika has gray cheeksin all seasons that can be used for identification in all seasons except winter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35AA3BC1E48FF73FA31FC2718F721B5" pageId="15" pageNumber="43" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFFF0371E48FF73FA31FC2718F721B5" blockId="15.[1471,2680,292,1473]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9342C251E48FF73FA31FC27193721EC" bold="true" box="[1474,1584,924,957]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Talus and rocks from forest to subalpine areas at elevations of 2200-4300 m. Glover's Pika is a cliff-associated species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35AA3BC1E48FF73FA31FC501682265D" box="[1474,2437,1003,1036]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFFF0371E48FF73FA31FC501682265D" blockId="15.[1471,2680,292,1473]" box="[1474,2437,1003,1036]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9342C251E48FF73FA31FC5019C1265D" bold="true" box="[1474,1734,1003,1036]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
There is no information available for this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35AA3BC1E48FF73FA32FBA9174E26D3" pageId="15" pageNumber="43" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFFF0371E48FF73FA32FBA9174E26D3" blockId="15.[1471,2680,292,1473]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9342C251E48FF73FA32FBA919402662" bold="true" box="[1473,1607,1042,1075]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Breeding of Glover’s Pika seems to be nearly year-round, probably depending on exact locations. Young Glover’s Pikas were recorded in August-December; subadult pikas were recorded in April-December.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35AA3BC1E48FF73FA4CFB3216692680" pageId="15" pageNumber="43" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFFF0371E48FF73FA4CFB3216692680" blockId="15.[1471,2680,292,1473]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9342C251E48FF73FA4CFB3219AB26FB" bold="true" box="[1471,1708,1161,1194]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
There is no specific information available for this species, but judging from scarce photographs, Glover’s Pika is active during the day.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35AA3BC1E48FF73FA33FB6C1992274F" pageId="15" pageNumber="43" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFFF0371E48FF73FA33FB6C1992274F" blockId="15.[1471,2680,292,1473]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9342C251E48FF73FA33FB6C178026A9" bold="true" box="[1472,2183,1239,1272]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
There is no information available for this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35AA3BC1E48FF73FA33FA911577273E" pageId="15" pageNumber="43" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFFF0371E48FF73FA33FA911577273E" blockId="15.[1471,2680,292,1473]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9342C251E48FF73FA33FA91181A2716" bold="true" box="[1472,1821,1322,1351]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List, the form muliensis (the “Muli Pika”) was classified as Data Deficient, but it is not recognized here.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35AA3BC1E48FF73FA32FAC5164A27EF" pageId="15" pageNumber="43" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFFF0371E48FF73FA32FAC5164A27EF" blockId="15.[1471,2680,292,1473]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9342C251E48FF73FA32FAC5195E27C6" bold="true" box="[1473,1625,1406,1431]" pageId="15" pageNumber="43">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Bichner (1890), Feng Zuojian & Zheng Changlin (1985), Lissovsky (2014), Melo-Ferreira et al. (2015), NiuYidong et al. (2004), Pen Hungshou et al. (1962), Zheng Changlin (1989).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |