treatments-xml/data/03/C7/5B/03C75B015933FFF923A73481CD65FA6D.xml

<document id="B87852674D33CF0F2A810AA3E373FAD5" ID-CLB-Dataset="7559" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4948.2.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0e1cf30b-0231-4f46-83c3-45fcc57f2515" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4651766" ID-ZooBank="3B5120F2-5BB0-41A4-B3B9-ECE0260D7116" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1616143563665" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Agwanda, Bernard R., Rosero, Francesco, Lawson, Lucinda P., Sernesi, Cristiano &amp; Amin, Rajan" docDate="2021" docId="03C75B015933FFF923A73481CD65FA6D" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4928.2.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4948 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Rhynchocyon chrysopygus subsp. mandelai, new subspecies" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="255" masterDocId="FFFE23795934FFF32330320AC900FFF8" masterDocTitle="A new subspecies of giant sengi (Macroscelidea: Rhynchocyon) from coastal Kenya" masterLastPageNumber="260" masterPageNumber="245" pageNumber="252" updateTime="1698934354056" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="55A587187AAAECC1257D0549ABF6EABF">A new subspecies of giant sengi (Macroscelidea: Rhynchocyon) from coastal Kenya</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F694423D1345EE3AB3442A3E1AD6DD90">Agwanda, Bernard R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="275BA1E82A22B51CD4E99789685FA585">Zoology Department, National Museums of Kenya, Museum Hill road, P. O. Box 40658 Nairobi, Kenya (BRA).</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="95F1DA0ED4B0E4C2ED005DED7D873790">Rosero, Francesco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8B54F422E5D6DA14541DA6BF78617E3D">Lawson, Lucinda P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F55A5F6C83667CA316CB05BCF6EE9123">Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati OH 45221, USA (LL). &amp; Field Museum of Natural History, 1400 S Lake Shore Dr, Chicago IL 60605, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2696A41455A68BFA090CA26EBD2B5207">Sernesi, Cristiano</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C512C0F9930A58745E8DFFDB2C68E460">Department of Sustainable Ecosystems and Bioresources, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via Edmund Mach 1, 38010 Mach-San Michele all’Adige, Trento, Italy (CV).</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7E3377F4C6726579D3F08DBAD7314288">Amin, Rajan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="53EBB395A19C6F39A654F7FD77D86D45">Zoological Society of London, Regents Park, London, England NW 1 4 RY, London, United Kingdom (RA).</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="03C75B015933FFF923A73481CD65FA6D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4651760" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180782099" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4651760" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C75B015933FFF923A73481CD65FA6D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C75B015933FFF923A73481CD65FA6D" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="255" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E91945933FFF423A73481CB52F95E" authority="Agwanda, Rosero, Lawson, Sernesi &amp; Amin 2021" box="[151,594,1675,1702]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="chrysopygus" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="mandelai">
<emphasis id="B91A36055933FFF423A73481CB52F95E" bold="true" box="[151,594,1675,1702]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">Rhynchocyon chrysopygus mandelai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2298B7E5933FFF421513481CA1DF95D" box="[609,797,1675,1701]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" rank="subSpecies">new subspecies</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="8BD1EA175933FFF423A734D9CDA4F885" blockId="7.[151,1437,1747,2026]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">
<materialsCitation id="3B06E04A5933FFF423A734D9CDA4F885" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3064400301" accessionNumber="MW250883, MW250886, MW250888, MW250898, MW250900, MW250902" collectingDate="2009-09-22" collectionCode="R, ENAM, MW" collectorName="A. and S. Andanje" country="Kenya" location="Boni forest" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" specimenCode="NMK 169427" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Lamu" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B91A36055933FFF423A734D9C804F915" bold="true" box="[151,260,1747,1773]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">
<typeStatus id="54D554B55933FFF423A734D9C804F915" box="[151,260,1747,1773]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
. 
<specimenCode id="DBC8426C5933FFF4222434DEC8B6F915" box="[276,438,1747,1774]" collectionCode="NMK" country="Kenya" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/h6fg-emd8" name="National Museums of Kenya" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" type="Museum">NMK 169427</specimenCode>
, adult male prepared as study skin, skull, postcranial carcass preserved in 70% ethanol after fixing in 10% formalin, and tissue samples in 98% ethanol (
<figureCitation id="1355F6925933FFF4204434FDCAE4F8E9" box="[884,996,1783,1809]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1057,1081]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1033]" captionTargetId="figure-18@3.[151,1436,181,1033]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. (A) Photographs of R. chrysopygus mandelai subsp. nov. holotype prepared as study skin (NMK 169427), and (B-C) two camera-trap images from surveys conducted by Amin et al. (2016) showing lateral-dorsal and frontal views, respectively." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4651770" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4651770/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">Figure 2a</figureCitation>
). Collected on 
<date id="FFD0CCD75933FFF427BE34FDCC79F8E9" box="[1166,1401,1783,1809]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" value="2009-09-22">
<collectingDate id="EF94353F5933FFF427BE34FDCC79F8E9" box="[1166,1401,1783,1809]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" value="2009-09-22">
22 
<superScript id="7C1B475F5933FFF4279A34FDCDBAF8FD" attach="left" box="[1194,1210,1783,1797]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">nd</superScript>
September 2009
</collectingDate>
</date>
by B. 
<collectionCode id="ED7F72D25933FFF4239F3511C9C6F8CD" box="[175,198,1819,1845]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">R</collectionCode>
. 
<collectorName id="269B8FC15933FFF423FA3511C894F8CD" box="[202,404,1819,1845]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">A. and S. Andanje</collectorName>
in the Mangai patch of 
<location id="8EB1BCCC5933FFF421AA3511CA19F8CD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C75B015933FFF923A73481CD65FA6D:8EB1BCCC5933FFF421AA3511CA19F8CD" box="[666,793,1819,1845]" country="Kenya" name="Boni forest" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" stateProvince="Lamu">Boni forest</location>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49AA24F55933FFF420133516CABEF8CD" box="[803,958,1819,1846]" country="Kenya" name="Lamu" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">Lamu County</collectingRegion>
, coastal 
<collectingCountry id="F379AA875933FFF4272C3516CD65F8CE" box="[1052,1125,1820,1846]" name="Kenya" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">Kenya</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="1355F6925933FFF427423511CDE3F8CE" box="[1138,1251,1819,1846]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,900,924]" captionTargetBox="[156,1434,170,880]" captionTargetId="figure-21@10.[151,1437,166,883]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Estimated range of R. chrysopygus mandelai subsp. nov. (A) Species distribution model of R. ch. mandelai in the coastal region of Kenya and greater Kenya (inset). Warmer colors represent areas of higher likelihood niche, while cooler colors (blue) represent unlikely occupation. Records of R. ch. chrysopygus and R. ch. mandelai are shown as black dots. (B) A minimum convex polygon was drawn around all recorded sightings of R. ch. mandelai (orange stars). This polygon was extended to include areas which had a high likelihood of occurrence based on ecological niche models created in Maxent (dark green areas). The type locality of R. ch. mandelai is indicated with a larger yellow star." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4651776" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4651776/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">Figure 5b</figureCitation>
). The 12S, vWF, CytB, D-Loop, ND2, and 
<collectionCode id="ED7F72D25933FFF422F73535CB19F8A1" box="[455,537,1855,1881]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">ENAM</collectionCode>
sequences of the holotype are archived in GenBank with accession numbers: 
<accessionNumber id="943D77F45933FFF423A73569C821F886" box="[151,289,1891,1918]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MW250883" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">
<collectionCode id="ED7F72D25933FFF423A73569C9CCF886" box="[151,204,1891,1918]" country="Netherlands" name="Museum Wasmann" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">MW</collectionCode>
250883
</accessionNumber>
, 
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<collectionCode id="ED7F72D25933FFF4221D3569C862F886" box="[301,354,1891,1918]" country="Netherlands" name="Museum Wasmann" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">MW</collectionCode>
250886
</accessionNumber>
, 
<accessionNumber id="943D77F45933FFF422F23569CB4CF886" box="[450,588,1891,1918]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MW250888" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">
<collectionCode id="ED7F72D25933FFF422F23569C8F7F886" box="[450,503,1891,1918]" country="Netherlands" name="Museum Wasmann" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">MW</collectionCode>
250888
</accessionNumber>
, 
<accessionNumber id="943D77F45933FFF421673569CBE1F886" box="[599,737,1891,1918]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MW250898" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">
<collectionCode id="ED7F72D25933FFF421673569CB8CF886" box="[599,652,1891,1918]" country="Netherlands" name="Museum Wasmann" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">MW</collectionCode>
250898
</accessionNumber>
, 
<accessionNumber id="943D77F45933FFF421DC3569CA77F886" box="[748,887,1891,1918]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MW250900" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">
<collectionCode id="ED7F72D25933FFF421DC3569CA21F886" box="[748,801,1891,1918]" country="Netherlands" name="Museum Wasmann" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">MW</collectionCode>
250900
</accessionNumber>
, 
<accessionNumber id="943D77F45933FFF420B23569CD0CF886" box="[898,1036,1891,1918]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MW250902" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">
<collectionCode id="ED7F72D25933FFF420B23569CAB7F886" box="[898,951,1891,1918]" country="Netherlands" name="Museum Wasmann" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">MW</collectionCode>
250902
</accessionNumber>
, respectively.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
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<materialsCitation id="3B06E04A5933FFF423F7358DCD52F811" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3064400304" collectionCode="R" collectorName="B.R. Agwanda &amp; S. Andanje" county="Kenya-Somalia" elevation="29" latitude="-1.745" location="Andanje in Boni" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="41.284" municipality="Mararani village" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" specimenCode="NMK 180813, NMK 180814" specimenCount="3" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B91A36055933FFF423F7358DC83FF859" bold="true" box="[199,319,1927,1953]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">
<typeStatus id="54D554B55933FFF423F7358DC83FF859" box="[199,319,1927,1953]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
. 
<collectorName id="269B8FC15933FFF4227C358DC87BF859" box="[332,379,1927,1953]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">One</collectorName>
paratype (
<specimenCode id="DBC8426C5933FFF422DE358DCB8DF859" box="[494,653,1927,1953]" collectionCode="NMK" country="Kenya" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/h6fg-emd8" name="National Museums of Kenya" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" type="Museum">NMK 180813</specimenCode>
) consists of a skin recovered in 2010 by B. 
<collectionCode id="ED7F72D25933FFF427543582CD7BF85A" box="[1124,1147,1928,1954]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">R</collectionCode>
. 
<collectorName id="269B8FC15933FFF427B3358DCDEEF859" box="[1155,1262,1927,1953]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">Agwanda</collectorName>
and 
<collectorName id="269B8FC15933FFF42613358DCC9CF859" box="[1315,1436,1927,1953]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">
S. 
<location id="8EB1BCCC5933FFF4260D358DCC9CF859" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C75B015933FFF923A73481CD65FA6D:8EB1BCCC5933FFF4260D358DCC9CF859" box="[1341,1436,1927,1953]" county="Kenya-Somalia" latitude="-1.745" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="41.284" municipality="Mararani village" name="Andanje in Boni" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">Andanje</location>
</collectorName>
in 
<location id="8EB1BCCC5933FFF4238535A1C834F83D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C75B015933FFF923A73481CD65FA6D:8EB1BCCC5933FFF4238535A1C834F83D" box="[181,308,1963,1989]" county="Kenya-Somalia" latitude="-1.745" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="41.284" municipality="Mararani village" name="Boni forest" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">Boni forest</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE5A8CD05933FFF4227435A1C8A1F83E" box="[324,417,1963,1990]" degrees="1.675" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" precision="55" value="-1.675">1.675°S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE5A8CD05933FFF4229E35A1CB1CF83D" box="[430,540,1963,1989]" degrees="41.282" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" precision="55" value="41.282">41.282°E</geoCoordinate>
), 
<elevation id="00430D245933FFF4210035A1CA1FF83D" box="[560,799,1963,1990]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" unit="m" value="29.0">
<quantity id="4C9647F25933FFF4210035A1CB6AF83E" box="[560,618,1963,1990]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" unit="m" value="29.0">29 m</quantity>
above sea level
</elevation>
(a.s.l.) north of 
<location id="8EB1BCCC5933FFF420E935A1CD98F83D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C75B015933FFF923A73481CD65FA6D:8EB1BCCC5933FFF420E935A1CD98F83D" box="[985,1176,1963,1989]" county="Kenya-Somalia" latitude="-1.745" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="41.284" municipality="Mararani village" name="Mararani village" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">Mararani village</location>
. The animal was originally captured in a net but was stolen by bushmeat hunters who returned only the skin.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B06E04A5933FFFB276635C5C897FF01" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3064400303" collectionCode="R" county="Kenya-Somalia" elevation="29" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="253" latitude="-1.745" location="Andanje in Boni" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="41.284" municipality="Mararani village" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" specimenCode="NMK 180813, NMK 180814" specimenCount="3" typeStatus="paratype">
A second paratype, preserved as skin (
<specimenCode id="DBC8426C593CFFFB23C5329DC898FF49" box="[245,408,151,177]" collectionCode="NMK" country="Kenya" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/h6fg-emd8" name="National Museums of Kenya" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" type="Museum">NMK 180814</specimenCode>
), was captured by hunters in 
<collectorName id="269B8FC1593CFFFB21D5329DCA64FF49" box="[741,868,151,177]" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">Dodori NR</collectorName>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE5A8CD0593CFFFB2044329CCAD2FF49" box="[884,978,150,177]" degrees="1.745" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" precision="55" value="-1.745">1.745°S</geoCoordinate>
, 
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) at an elevation of 
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a.s.l.
</elevation>
and the skin was donated to B. 
<collectionCode id="ED7F72D2593CFFFB22DC32B1CB03FF2D" box="[492,515,187,213]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">R</collectionCode>
. 
<location id="8EB1BCCC593CFFFB213C32B1CB77FF2D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C75B015933FFF923A73481CD65FA6D:8EB1BCCC593CFFFB213C32B1CB77FF2D" box="[524,631,187,213]" county="Kenya-Somalia" latitude="-1.745" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="41.284" municipality="Mararani village" name="Agwanda" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">Agwanda</location>
(
<figureCitation id="1355F692593CFFFB21B532B1CBF6FF2D" box="[645,758,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1633,1657]" captionTargetBox="[160,1428,640,1601]" captionTargetId="figure-268@1.[151,1436,633,1610]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Distributions of giant sengi (Rhynchocyon) species and subspecies. (A) Map of Africa with a black rectangle indicating the extent for B. (B) Ranges of Rhynchocyon taxa with a black rectangle indicating the extent for C. Distributions are drawn as polygons, encompassing all known localities of each taxon from work by G. Rathbun deposited in www.sengis.org and used with permission. (C) Map of the Kenyan coastal region showing the location of the two subspecies of R. chrysopygus (R. ch. chrysopygus and R. ch. mandelai)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4651768" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4651768/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">Figure S1</figureCitation>
). 
<location id="8EB1BCCC593CFFFB203B32B1CA3DFF2D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C75B015933FFF923A73481CD65FA6D:8EB1BCCC593CFFFB203B32B1CA3DFF2D" box="[779,829,187,213]" county="Kenya-Somalia" latitude="-1.745" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="41.284" municipality="Mararani village" name="This" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">This</location>
location is south of 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB5706D593CFFFB271032B1CDD9FF2D" box="[1056,1241,187,213]" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">Mararani village</collectingMunicipality>
~ 
<quantity id="4C9647F2593CFFFB27DE32B1CC36FF2D" box="[1262,1334,187,213]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
from the 
<collectingCounty id="62B0929B593CFFFB23A732D5C845FF01" box="[151,325,223,249]" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">Kenya-Somalia</collectingCounty>
border
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD1EA17593CFFFB23F73309CDD5FE9D" blockId="8.[151,1437,150,573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593CFFFB23F73309C861FEE4" bold="true" box="[199,353,258,285]" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">Type locality</emphasis>
. 
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<location id="8EB1BCCC593CFFFB22413309C8C7FEE5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C75B015933FFF923A73481CD65FA6D:8EB1BCCC593CFFFB22413309C8C7FEE5" box="[369,455,259,285]" country="Kenya" county="Mangai village" latitude="-1.751" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="41.172" municipality="The" name="Mangai" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" stateProvince="Lamu">Mangai</location>
patch of 
<location id="8EB1BCCC593CFFFB21053309CBB7FEE5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C75B015933FFF923A73481CD65FA6D:8EB1BCCC593CFFFB21053309CBB7FEE5" box="[565,695,259,285]" country="Kenya" county="Mangai village" latitude="-1.751" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="41.172" municipality="The" name="Boni forest" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" stateProvince="Lamu">Boni forest</location>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49AA24F5593CFFFB21F43309CA62FEE5" box="[708,866,259,285]" country="Kenya" name="Lamu" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">Lamu County</collectingRegion>
, northern coastal 
<collectingCountry id="F379AA87593CFFFB271C3309CD79FEE5" box="[1068,1145,259,285]" name="Kenya" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">Kenya</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB5706D593CFFFB27B43309CDB0FEE5" box="[1156,1200,259,285]" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">The</collectingMunicipality>
exact site is a forest patch surrounded by a mix of thickets and woodland (
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, 
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; 
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) at 
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<quantity id="4C9647F2593CFFFB275F332DCDAAFEB9" box="[1135,1194,295,321]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
This location is ~ 
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<elevation id="00430D24593CFFFB23963340C9EDFE9D" box="[166,237,330,357]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" unit="m" value="150.0">150 m</elevation>
</quantity>
north-east of 
<collectingCounty id="62B0929B593CFFFB22B93341CB32FE9D" box="[393,562,331,357]" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">Mangai village</collectingCounty>
and &lt;
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south of the Kenya-Somalia border (
<figureCitation id="1355F692593CFFFB27553341CDC4FE9D" box="[1125,1220,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1633,1657]" captionTargetBox="[160,1428,640,1601]" captionTargetId="figure-268@1.[151,1436,633,1610]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Distributions of giant sengi (Rhynchocyon) species and subspecies. (A) Map of Africa with a black rectangle indicating the extent for B. (B) Ranges of Rhynchocyon taxa with a black rectangle indicating the extent for C. Distributions are drawn as polygons, encompassing all known localities of each taxon from work by G. Rathbun deposited in www.sengis.org and used with permission. (C) Map of the Kenyan coastal region showing the location of the two subspecies of R. chrysopygus (R. ch. chrysopygus and R. ch. mandelai)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4651768" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4651768/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">Figure 1</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C374B99C593CFFFB23F73365C872FDC5" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BD1EA17593CFFFB23F73365C872FDC5" blockId="8.[151,1437,150,573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593CFFFB23F73365C848FE71" bold="true" box="[199,328,367,393]" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">Etymology</emphasis>
. Our choice of epithet derives from the severe and persisting insecurity in the taxon range, stemming from decades-long lack of peace in bordering Somaliland. Thus, we wish to honor the late Nelson Mandela as the inspiring beacon for peace and prosperity in Africa and link his name with a unique and precious expression of Kenya’s and Africa’s endemic fauna. We propose the common name “Mandela’s sengi” in English (“sengi ya Mandela” in Kiswahili) for this new form, with “Golden-rumped sengi” being maintained as the common name for 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593CFFFB23A73029C86BFDC5" box="[151,363,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">
R. ch. 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593CFFFB23EF3029C86BFDC5" authorityName="Guenther" authorityYear="1881" box="[223,363,547,573]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chrysopygus">chrysopygus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF11BA9F593CFFFB23A73718CC9DF97E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4651774" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4651774" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4651774/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" startId="8.[151,250,1298,1322]" targetBox="[159,1436,597,1276]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BD1EA17593CFFFB23A73718CC9DF97E" blockId="8.[151,1437,1298,1670]" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593CFFFB23A73718C813FAD2" bold="true" box="[151,275,1298,1322]" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Phylogenetic trees for each gene from the combined dataset with phylogenetic sampling across almost all species and subspecies within 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593CFFFB224F373FCB07FAB5" box="[383,519,1333,1357]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593CFFFB224F373FCB07FAB5" box="[383,519,1333,1357]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">Rhynchocyon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and haplotype spanning networks for additional loci sampled across 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593CFFFB27FF373FCC79FAB5" box="[1231,1401,1333,1357]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="udzungwensis">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593CFFFB27FF373FCC79FAB5" box="[1231,1401,1333,1357]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">R. udzungwensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593CFFFB26B6373FC9DCFA97" authorityName="Bocage" authorityYear="1880" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petersi">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593CFFFB26B6373FC9DCFA97" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">R. petersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593CFFFB23DB3752C8ADFA97" authorityName="Guenther" authorityYear="1881" box="[235,429,1368,1391]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="cirnei" subSpecies="macrurus">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593CFFFB23DB3752C8ADFA97" box="[235,429,1368,1391]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">R. cirnei macrurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593CFFFB228C3752CB79FA97" authorityName="Reichenow" authorityYear="1886" box="[444,633,1367,1391]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="cirnei" subSpecies="reichardi">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593CFFFB228C3752CB79FA97" box="[444,633,1367,1391]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">R. cirnei reichardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593CFFFB21B83752CAACFA97" authority="chrysopygus" authorityName="chrysopygus (NMK" authorityYear="2122" box="[648,940,1367,1391]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="chrysopygus" subSpecies="chrysopygus">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593CFFFB21B83752CAACFA97" box="[648,940,1367,1391]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">R. chrysopygus chrysopygus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and the new lineage 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593CFFFB27A33752CC96FA97" box="[1171,1430,1367,1391]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="chrysopygus" subSpecies="mandelai">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593CFFFB27A33752CC96FA97" box="[1171,1430,1367,1391]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">R. chrysopygus mandelai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Colors match species and subspecies legend on Figure 1 and indicated on the right of the tree in section A. (A) BEAST gene tree for mitochondrial 12S rRNA with un-introgressed individuals from this study, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF97E6593CFFFB20F03797CD99FA4D" author="Lawson, L. P. &amp; Vernesi, C. &amp; Ricci, S. &amp; Rovero, F." box="[960,1177,1437,1461]" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" pagination="72506" refId="ref11238" refString="Lawson, L. P., Vernesi, C., Ricci, S. &amp; Rovero, F. (2013) Evolutionary History of the Grey-Faced Sengi, Rhynchocyon udzungwensis, from Tanzania: A Molecular and Species Distribution Modelling Approach. PLoS ONE, 8, e 72506. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0072506" type="journal article" year="2013">
Lawson 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593CFFFB27283797CD4DFA4D" box="[1048,1101,1437,1461]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">et al.</emphasis>
(2013)
</bibRefCitation>
, and 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF97E6593CFFFB27E23797CC9CFA4D" author="Carlen, E. J. &amp; Rathbun, G. B. &amp; Olson, L. E. &amp; Sabuni, C. A. &amp; Stanley, W. T. &amp; Dumbacher, J. P." box="[1234,1436,1437,1461]" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" pagination="150 - 160" refId="ref10003" refString="Carlen, E. J., Rathbun, G. B., Olson, L. E., Sabuni, C. A., Stanley, W. T. &amp; Dumbacher, J. P. (2017) Reconstructing the molecular phylogeny of giant sengis (Macroscelidea; Macroscelididae; Rhynchocyon). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 113, 150 - 160. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2017.05.012" type="journal article" year="2017">
Carlen 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593CFFFB262D3797CC52FA4D" box="[1309,1362,1437,1461]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">et al.</emphasis>
(2017)
</bibRefCitation>
with branch lengths proportional to molecular divergence and Bayesian posterior probabilities indicated at each node. Dashed vertical line indicates the level of divergence between 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593CFFFB21F737E9CA89FA02" box="[711,905,1506,1530]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">
R. ch. 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593CFFFB203A37E8CA89FA02" authorityName="Guenther" authorityYear="1881" box="[778,905,1506,1530]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chrysopygus">chrysopygus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593CFFFB208C37E9CD5DFA02" box="[956,1117,1506,1530]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">R. ch. mandelai</emphasis>
compared to other species and subspecies divergences within 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593CFFFB22E6340FCB66F9E5" box="[470,614,1541,1565]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593CFFFB22E6340FCB62F9E5" box="[470,610,1541,1565]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Rhynchocyon</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
(B) Gene tree for nuclear vWF. (C) TCS haplotype networks corresponding to similarity of haplotypes for each additionally sampled gene between 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593CFFFB2064342DCADCF9C7" box="[852,988,1575,1599]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593CFFFB2064342DCADCF9C7" box="[852,988,1575,1599]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">Rhynchocyon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
individuals. Each circle represents a unique haplotype. Species are indicated in color, and hypothesized intermediates are shown as solid circles. The size of the circle indicates the number of individuals sharing the haplotype. Crossed lines on the network indicate single nucleotide polymorphisms.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C374B99C593CFFFA23F734BECA1FFCA5" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="254" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BD1EA17593CFFFB23F734BECD22F817" blockId="8.[151,1437,1716,2031]" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593CFFFB23F734BEC83AF936" bold="true" box="[199,314,1716,1742]" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. The weight of the 
<typeStatus id="54D554B5593CFFFB213E34BECB70F936" box="[526,624,1716,1742]" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is 
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, which is within the range for 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593CFFFB272A34BFCDEBF936" box="[1050,1259,1716,1742]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">
R. ch. 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593CFFFB276F34BECDEBF936" authorityName="Guenther" authorityYear="1881" box="[1119,1259,1716,1742]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chrysopygus">chrysopygus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
(
<quantity id="4C9647F2593CFFFB27C834BECC6EF937" box="[1272,1390,1716,1743]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.9" metricValueMin="4.1" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" unit="g" value="550.0" valueMax="690.0" valueMin="410.0">410-690 g</quantity>
; see 
<tableCitation id="C6ECDFAC593CFFFB23A734D2C9EAF90A" box="[151,234,1752,1778]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,239,584,610]" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparative biometrics for Rhynchocyon taxa (updated from Rovero et al. 2008). For R. chrysopygus mandelai only the type specimen measures are available (see text for details). For other taxa, data are mean (sample size), SD (when sample size greater than four) and range. W, weight; HB, head and body; T, tail; TL, total length; HF, hind foot sin unguis (without nail); E, ear; UTR, upper tooth row; CF, canine length females; CM, canine length males; NA, no data available. UTR excludes rudimentary incisor, which is sometimes absent. All measurements are in mm except weight (g)." pageId="8" pageNumber="253">Table 1</tableCitation>
for details including sample sizes). This is below the range of 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593CFFFB209A34D3CD65F90A" box="[938,1125,1752,1778]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="udzungwensis">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593CFFFB209A34D3CD65F90A" box="[938,1125,1752,1778]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">R. udzungwensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<quantity id="4C9647F2593CFFFB274434D2CDE9F90B" box="[1140,1257,1752,1779]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="7.04" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="6.58" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" unit="g" value="704.0" valueMax="750.0" valueMin="658.0">658-750 g</quantity>
) and above that reported for 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593CFFFB221334F7C8F0F8EE" authorityName="Reichenow" authorityYear="1886" box="[291,496,1788,1814]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="cirnei" subSpecies="reichardi">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593CFFFB221334F7C8F0F8EE" box="[291,496,1788,1814]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">R. cirnei reichardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<quantity id="4C9647F2593CFFFB22CF34F6CB75F8EF" box="[511,629,1788,1815]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="3.7" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="3.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" unit="g" value="370.0" valueMax="420.0" valueMin="320.0">320-420 g</quantity>
). The 
<typeStatus id="54D554B5593CFFFB218B34F6CA1DF8EE" box="[699,797,1788,1814]" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
total body length is 
<quantity id="4C9647F2593CFFFB273234F6CD61F8EF" box="[1026,1121,1788,1815]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.49" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" unit="mm" value="549.0">549 mm</quantity>
, also within the upper range of 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593CFFFB2387352BC88DF8C2" box="[183,397,1824,1850]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">
R. ch. 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593CFFFB2231352AC88DF8C2" authorityName="Guenther" authorityYear="1881" box="[257,397,1824,1850]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chrysopygus">chrysopygus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
(
<quantity id="4C9647F2593CFFFB22AD352ACB34F8C3" box="[413,564,1824,1851]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.125" metricValueMax="5.61" metricValueMin="4.64" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" unit="mm" value="512.5" valueMax="561.0" valueMin="464.0">464-561 mm</quantity>
), nearing the lower value for 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593CFFFB20B5352BCD42F8C2" box="[901,1090,1824,1850]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="udzungwensis">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593CFFFB20B5352BCD42F8C2" box="[901,1090,1824,1850]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">R. udzungwensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<quantity id="4C9647F2593CFFFB2762352ACDE9F8C3" box="[1106,1257,1824,1851]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.65" metricValueMax="5.8" metricValueMin="5.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" unit="mm" value="565.0" valueMax="580.0" valueMin="550.0">550-580 mm</quantity>
), slightly above the range for 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593CFFFB2200354FC89CF8A6" authorityName="Bocage" authorityYear="1880" box="[304,412,1861,1886]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petersi">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593CFFFB2200354FC89CF8A6" box="[304,412,1861,1886]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">R. petersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<quantity id="4C9647F2593CFFFB229C354ECB43F8A7" box="[428,579,1860,1887]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.09" metricValueMax="5.25" metricValueMin="4.93" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" unit="mm" value="509.0" valueMax="525.0" valueMin="493.0">493-525 mm</quantity>
), 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593CFFFB2167354FCA05F8A6" box="[599,773,1861,1886]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">R. ci. macrurus</emphasis>
(
<quantity id="4C9647F2593CFFFB2026354ECAACF8A7" box="[790,940,1860,1887]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.85" metricValueMax="5.09" metricValueMin="4.61" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" unit="mm" value="485.0" valueMax="509.0" valueMin="461.0">461-509 mm</quantity>
), 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593CFFFB20F0354FCD6AF8A6" box="[960,1130,1860,1886]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">R. ci. reichardi</emphasis>
(
<quantity id="4C9647F2593CFFFB2749354ECC10F8A7" box="[1145,1296,1860,1887]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5649999999999995" metricValueMax="4.74" metricValueMin="4.39" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" unit="mm" value="456.5" valueMax="474.0" valueMin="439.0">439-474 mm</quantity>
), and within the range for 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593CFFFB221C3563C8C7F87A" authorityName="Matschie" authorityYear="1893" box="[300,455,1896,1922]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stuhlmanni">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593CFFFB221C3563C8C7F87A" box="[300,455,1896,1922]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">R. stuhlmanni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<quantity id="4C9647F2593CFFFB22E63562CB69F87B" box="[470,617,1896,1923]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.07" metricValueMax="5.56" metricValueMin="4.58" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" unit="mm" value="507.0" valueMax="556.0" valueMin="458.0">458-556 mm</quantity>
) (
<tableCitation id="C6ECDFAC593CFFFB214F3562CBD4F87A" box="[639,724,1896,1922]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,239,584,610]" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparative biometrics for Rhynchocyon taxa (updated from Rovero et al. 2008). For R. chrysopygus mandelai only the type specimen measures are available (see text for details). For other taxa, data are mean (sample size), SD (when sample size greater than four) and range. W, weight; HB, head and body; T, tail; TL, total length; HF, hind foot sin unguis (without nail); E, ear; UTR, upper tooth row; CF, canine length females; CM, canine length males; NA, no data available. UTR excludes rudimentary incisor, which is sometimes absent. All measurements are in mm except weight (g)." pageId="8" pageNumber="253">Table 1</tableCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF97E6593CFFFB21D13563CAB6F87A" author="Rovero, F. &amp; Rathbun, G. &amp; Perkin, A. &amp; Jones, T. &amp; Ribble, D. &amp; Leonard, C. &amp; Mwakisoma, R. &amp; Doggart, N." box="[737,950,1896,1923]" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" pagination="126 - 133" refId="ref11972" refString="Rovero, F., Rathbun, G., Perkin, A., Jones, T., Ribble, D., Leonard, C., Mwakisoma, R. &amp; Doggart, N. (2008) A new species of giant sengi or elephant-shrew (genus Rhynchocyon) highlights the exceptional biodiversity of the Udzungwa Mountains of Tanzania. Journal of Zoology, 274, 126 - 133. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.2007.00363. x" type="journal article" year="2008">
Rovero 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593CFFFB200B3563CA6CF87A" box="[827,876,1896,1922]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">et al</emphasis>
. 2008
</bibRefCitation>
). We note that the 
<typeStatus id="54D554B5593CFFFB27B33562CDE5F87A" box="[1155,1253,1896,1922]" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
appears slightly larger than the two 
<typeStatus id="54D554B5593CFFFB224A3587C8E8F85F" box="[378,488,1933,1959]" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
, for which measurements were not recorded. The upper tooth row of the 
<typeStatus id="54D554B5593CFFFB260A3586CC9CF85E" box="[1338,1436,1932,1958]" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
measures 
<quantity id="4C9647F2593CFFFB223635BAC86BF833" box="[262,363,1968,1995]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7399999999999998" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" unit="mm" value="27.4">27.4 mm</quantity>
, which is within the range of 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593CFFFB218335BBCA85F832" box="[691,901,1968,1994]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">
R. ch. 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593CFFFB21C935BACA85F832" authorityName="Guenther" authorityYear="1881" box="[761,901,1968,1994]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chrysopygus">chrysopygus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
(
<quantity id="4C9647F2593CFFFB20A435BACD37F833" box="[916,1079,1968,1995]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.665" metricValueMax="2.98" metricValueMin="2.35" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" unit="mm" value="26.65" valueMax="29.8" valueMin="23.5">23.5-29.8 mm</quantity>
), below that of 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593CFFFB27D235BBCC9DF832" box="[1250,1437,1968,1994]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="udzungwensis">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593CFFFB27D235BBCC9DF832" box="[1250,1437,1968,1994]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">R. udzungwensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<quantity id="4C9647F2593CFFFB23AF35DEC843F817" box="[159,323,2004,2031]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1399999999999997" metricValueMax="3.26" metricValueMin="3.02" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" unit="mm" value="31.4" valueMax="32.6" valueMin="30.2">30.2-32.6 mm</quantity>
), and within the range of 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593CFFFB215035DFCBC1F816" baseAuthorityName="Corbet &amp; Hanks" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[608,705,2005,2030]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cirnei">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593CFFFB215035DFCBC1F816" box="[608,705,2005,2030]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">R. cirnei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593CFFFB21C735DFCA62F816" authorityName="Bocage" authorityYear="1880" box="[759,866,2005,2030]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petersi">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593CFFFB21C735DFCA62F816" box="[759,866,2005,2030]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="253">R. petersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(23.8-29.0 mm).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD1EA17593DFFFA23F7329DC8BBFEB9" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA23F7329DC8F3FF49" box="[199,499,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593DFFFA23F7329DC85EFF49" box="[199,350,151,177]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Rhynchocyon</taxonomicName>
ch. mandelai
</emphasis>
differs from 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA21B3329DCA54FF49" box="[643,852,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">
R. ch. 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593DFFFA21F8329DCA54FF49" authorityName="Guenther" authorityYear="1881" box="[712,852,151,177]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chrysopygus">chrysopygus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
in lacking the golden rump, presence of the jet-black lower rump and thighs, the dark dorsal line that posteriorly merges into the jet-black rump, and the pronounced nuchal crest of hairs. It is similar to 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA211A32D5CBFDFF01" box="[554,765,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">
R. ch. 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593DFFFA214132D5CBFDFF01" authorityName="Guenther" authorityYear="1881" box="[625,765,223,249]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chrysopygus">chrysopygus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
in the grizzled yellow-brown/tawny face that extends backwards to around the eyes but not reaching the ears, the maroon sides and shoulders, the paler underparts, and the dark pinnae (
<figureCitation id="1355F692593DFFFA2219332DC8AEFEB9" box="[297,430,295,321]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="3.[151,250,1057,1081]" captionStartId-1="7.[151,250,1497,1521]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,181,1033]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,181,1473]" captionTargetId-0="figure-18@3.[151,1436,181,1033]" captionTargetId-1="figure-18@7.[151,1436,181,1473]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. (A) Photographs of R. chrysopygus mandelai subsp. nov. holotype prepared as study skin (NMK 169427), and (B-C) two camera-trap images from surveys conducted by Amin et al. (2016) showing lateral-dorsal and frontal views, respectively." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Comparison of skins of Rhynchocyon. From top to bottom within each plate: R. chrysopygus chrysopygus (NMK 2122), R. chrysopygus mandelai subsp nov. (NMK 169427, holotype), R. udzungwensis (MTSN 6902), R. petersi (MTSN 6901), R. cirnei reichardi (MTSN 6915) (A: lateral view, B: dorsal view, C: ventral view)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4651770" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4651772" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4651770/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4651772/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">Figures 2-3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD1EA17593DFFFA23F73341CA1FFCA5" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA23F73341C8F5FE9D" box="[199,501,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593DFFFA23F73341C85EFE9D" box="[199,350,331,357]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Rhynchocyon</taxonomicName>
ch. mandelai
</emphasis>
shows pelage similarities to 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593DFFFA20093341CAF4FE9D" box="[825,1012,331,357]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="udzungwensis">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA20093341CAF4FE9D" box="[825,1012,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">R. udzungwensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
found in the Udzungwa mountains of south-central 
<collectingCountry id="F379AA87593DFFFA22013365C896FE71" box="[305,406,367,393]" name="Tanzania" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
and the dark coastal form of 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA21DA3365CA9AFE70" box="[746,922,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">R. ci. macrurus</emphasis>
found in southern 
<collectingCountry id="F379AA87593DFFFA27433365CDD8FE71" box="[1139,1240,367,393]" name="Tanzania" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="1355F692593DFFFA27D83365CC6EFE71" box="[1256,1390,367,393]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="3.[151,250,1057,1081]" captionStartId-1="7.[151,250,1497,1521]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,181,1033]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,181,1473]" captionTargetId-0="figure-18@3.[151,1436,181,1033]" captionTargetId-1="figure-18@7.[151,1436,181,1473]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. (A) Photographs of R. chrysopygus mandelai subsp. nov. holotype prepared as study skin (NMK 169427), and (B-C) two camera-trap images from surveys conducted by Amin et al. (2016) showing lateral-dorsal and frontal views, respectively." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Comparison of skins of Rhynchocyon. From top to bottom within each plate: R. chrysopygus chrysopygus (NMK 2122), R. chrysopygus mandelai subsp nov. (NMK 169427, holotype), R. udzungwensis (MTSN 6902), R. petersi (MTSN 6901), R. cirnei reichardi (MTSN 6915) (A: lateral view, B: dorsal view, C: ventral view)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4651770" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4651772" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4651770/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4651772/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">Figures 2-3</figureCitation>
). In comparison with 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593DFFFA22683399CB13FE55" box="[344,531,403,429]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="udzungwensis">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA22683399CB13FE55" box="[344,531,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">R. udzungwensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA21103399CBCEFE55" box="[544,718,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">R. ch. mandelai</emphasis>
has tawny colored face in contrast to the gray face characteristic of 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593DFFFA238833BDC876FE29" box="[184,374,439,465]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="udzungwensis">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA238833BDC876FE29" box="[184,374,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">R. udzungwensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; its flanks are uniformly maroon-russet while in 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593DFFFA208133BDCD70FE29" box="[945,1136,439,465]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="udzungwensis">
R. 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA20E433BDCD70FE29" box="[980,1136,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">udzungwensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
they are yellow-rufous to orange-rufous with similar, darker maroon-russet only confined to the dorsal line; its underparts are slightly paler than in 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593DFFFA23DB33F5C8A6FDE1" box="[235,422,511,537]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="udzungwensis">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA23DB33F5C8A6FDE1" box="[235,422,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">R. udzungwensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and its body mass is about 
<quantity id="4C9647F2593DFFFA21E833F5CA17FDE1" box="[728,791,511,537]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" unit="g" value="100.0">100 g</quantity>
less (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF97E6593DFFFA206633F5CD2DFDE1" author="Rovero, F. &amp; Rathbun, G. &amp; Perkin, A. &amp; Jones, T. &amp; Ribble, D. &amp; Leonard, C. &amp; Mwakisoma, R. &amp; Doggart, N." box="[854,1069,511,537]" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" pagination="126 - 133" refId="ref11972" refString="Rovero, F., Rathbun, G., Perkin, A., Jones, T., Ribble, D., Leonard, C., Mwakisoma, R. &amp; Doggart, N. (2008) A new species of giant sengi or elephant-shrew (genus Rhynchocyon) highlights the exceptional biodiversity of the Udzungwa Mountains of Tanzania. Journal of Zoology, 274, 126 - 133. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.2007.00363. x" type="journal article" year="2008">
Rovero 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA208133F5CAE2FDE1" box="[945,994,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">et al</emphasis>
. 2008
</bibRefCitation>
). 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA270F33F5CC6DFDE1" box="[1087,1389,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593DFFFA270F33F5CDD6FDE1" box="[1087,1238,511,537]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Rhynchocyon</taxonomicName>
ch. mandelai
</emphasis>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593DFFFA22353029C870FDC4" authorityName="Bocage" authorityYear="1880" box="[261,368,547,572]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petersi">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA22353029C870FDC4" box="[261,368,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">R. petersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as it lacks the jet-black that in 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593DFFFA21FB3029CA36FDC4" authorityName="Bocage" authorityYear="1880" box="[715,822,547,572]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petersi">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA21FB3029CA36FDC4" box="[715,822,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">R. petersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
extends from the rump to the back and forward almost to the scapular region; it lacks the orange-russet flanks of 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593DFFFA2015304DCA91FD98" authorityName="Bocage" authorityYear="1880" box="[805,913,583,608]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petersi">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA2015304DCA91FD98" box="[805,913,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">R. petersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; the face of 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593DFFFA272F304DCD8BFD98" authorityName="Bocage" authorityYear="1880" box="[1055,1163,583,608]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petersi">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA272F304DCD8BFD98" box="[1055,1163,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">R. petersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is bright rufous (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF97E6593DFFFA267E304DC83EFD7E" author="Corbet, G. B. &amp; Hanks, J." pageId="9" pageNumber="254" pagination="47 - 111" refId="ref10144" refString="Corbet, G. B. &amp; Hanks, J. (1968) A revision of the elephant-shrews, Family Macroscelididae. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology, 16, 47 - 111." type="journal article" year="1968">Corbet &amp; Hanks 1968</bibRefCitation>
). In comparison with 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA21023061CBDEFD7C" box="[562,734,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">R. ci. macrurus</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA21DC3061CA9CFD7D" box="[748,924,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">R. ch. mandelai</emphasis>
lacks the near-black pelage that extends from the rump up onto the back and down onto the sides (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF97E6593DFFFA21D43085CAE1FD52" author="Corbet, G. B. &amp; Hanks, J." box="[740,993,655,682]" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" pagination="47 - 111" refId="ref10144" refString="Corbet, G. B. &amp; Hanks, J. (1968) A revision of the elephant-shrews, Family Macroscelididae. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology, 16, 47 - 111." type="journal article" year="1968">Corbet &amp; Hanks 1968</bibRefCitation>
), whereas the jet-black fur of the 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA266B3085C9FFFD35" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">R. ch. mandelai</emphasis>
is restricted to the rump and thighs. The differences of 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA204530B9CD26FD35" box="[885,1062,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">R. ch. mandelai</emphasis>
with the other forms of 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593DFFFA260B30B9CC9CFD34" baseAuthorityName="Corbet &amp; Hanks" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[1339,1436,691,716]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cirnei">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA260B30B9CC9CFD34" box="[1339,1436,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">R. cirnei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are clear: the former lacks the distinct checkers, a series of dark and light spots arranged along several rows on the back, that are unique to 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593DFFFA229B30F1CA26FCEE" authority="(Corbet &amp; Hanks 1968)" baseAuthorityName="Corbet &amp; Hanks" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[427,806,763,790]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cirnei">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA229B30F1CB0DFCEC" box="[427,525,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">R. cirnei</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF97E6593DFFFA212D30F1CA1DFCEE" author="Corbet, G. B. &amp; Hanks, J." box="[541,797,763,790]" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" pagination="47 - 111" refId="ref10144" refString="Corbet, G. B. &amp; Hanks, J. (1968) A revision of the elephant-shrews, Family Macroscelididae. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology, 16, 47 - 111." type="journal article" year="1968">Corbet &amp; Hanks 1968</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, while in 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA20A830F1CD4AFCED" box="[920,1098,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">R. ch. mandelai</emphasis>
only very faint and indistinct darker stripes and checkers are visible, similarly to other 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593DFFFA20283115CAAFFCC1" box="[792,943,799,825]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA20283115CAAFFCC1" box="[792,943,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">Rhynchocyon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
forms. In addition, the length of the erected nuchal crest appears unique to 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA22C13149CBA1FCA5" box="[497,673,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">R. ch. mandelai</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="1355F692593DFFFA219F3149CA11FCA5" box="[687,785,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1497,1521]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1473]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1436,181,1473]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Comparison of skins of Rhynchocyon. From top to bottom within each plate: R. chrysopygus chrysopygus (NMK 2122), R. chrysopygus mandelai subsp nov. (NMK 169427, holotype), R. udzungwensis (MTSN 6902), R. petersi (MTSN 6901), R. cirnei reichardi (MTSN 6915) (A: lateral view, B: dorsal view, C: ventral view)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4651772" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4651772/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">Figure 3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C374B99C593DFFFA23F7316CCB73F98D" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD1EA17593DFFFA23F7316CCB73F98D" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA23F7316CC851FC78" bold="true" box="[199,337,870,896]" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">Description</emphasis>
. The texture, sparse density and glossiness of the pelage resembles that of other 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593DFFFA27E0316DCC67FC79" box="[1232,1383,871,897]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA27E0316DCC67FC79" box="[1232,1383,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">Rhynchocyon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species. The tubular nose is dark gray to black and is hairless at the tip but gradually presents very fine, short (
<quantity id="4C9647F2593DFFFA26753181CC9DFC5D" box="[1349,1437,907,933]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" unit="mm" value="2.9">2.9 mm</quantity>
on average) vibrissae towards the nares, which is a common feature of giant sengis. As this tubular nose reaches the muzzle, the mystacial vibrissae become thicker and longer (
<quantity id="4C9647F2593DFFFA205131D9CAC7FC15" box="[865,967,979,1005]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.42" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" unit="mm" value="34.2">34.2 mm</quantity>
long) and are embedded in swollen bases that form distinctive “moustaches” on either side of the nose at the point where it broadens onto the muzzle and forehead. Three long vibrissae sprout from a single spot on the orange-rufous cheek, immediately below the eye. On the broad, flat forehead individual hairs are yellow-ochre with black bases, which gives a grizzled, tawny “agouti” pattern to the diamond-shaped forehead and extending backwards to around the eyes. The temples are rufous orange and the naked pinnae are dark brown tending towards dark gray. At the peak of the forehead, the hairs abruptly become deep rufous-maroon, and rise to a 
<quantity id="4C9647F2593DFFFA216C36A1CBABFB3D" box="[604,683,1195,1221]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" unit="mm" value="72.0">72 mm</quantity>
erectile crest. The crest tapers off down the neck where a similarly colored dorsal dark rufous-maroon stripe widens along the back to the anterior back where it merges with the darker maroon and jet-black rump. Behind the eyes, around the ears and to the forelimbs, the fur is yellow-rufous, turning rufous-maroon on the flanks and forming an indistinct border with the darker dorsal fur and with the black fur of the thighs. The belly is pale rufous, with paler tones starting in the vicinity of the forelimbs and becoming yellow on the chest and chin. Along either side of the maroon dorsal stripe there are two slightly darker lines that run parallel on either sides and which are barely visible. Even less obvious, indeed only discernible in strong and angled light, are three pairs of paler spots on each side, which are located dorsal and ventral of the lower darker line (
<figureCitation id="1355F692593DFFFA262D37ADCC8FFA39" box="[1309,1423,1447,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1057,1081]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1033]" captionTargetId="figure-18@3.[151,1436,181,1033]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. (A) Photographs of R. chrysopygus mandelai subsp. nov. holotype prepared as study skin (NMK 169427), and (B-C) two camera-trap images from surveys conducted by Amin et al. (2016) showing lateral-dorsal and frontal views, respectively." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4651770" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4651770/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">Figure S2</figureCitation>
). Such vestigial checkering appears similar to that reported for 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA207237C1CD14FA1D" box="[834,1044,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">
R. ch. 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593DFFFA20B837C1CD14FA1D" authorityName="Guenther" authorityYear="1881" box="[904,1044,1483,1509]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chrysopygus">chrysopygus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, as well as 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593DFFFA27A237C1CDFDFA1C" authorityName="Bocage" authorityYear="1880" box="[1170,1277,1483,1508]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petersi">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA27A237C1CDFDFA1C" box="[1170,1277,1483,1508]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">R. petersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593DFFFA260237C1C9F0F9F0" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="udzungwensis">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA260237C1C9F0F9F0" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">R. udzungwensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. All four limbs are black. Ventral to the base of the tail there is a small naked region. The sparsely haired tail is gray dorsally and paler, almost cream colored ventrally; it measures 
<quantity id="4C9647F2593DFFFA20893419CD17F9D5" box="[953,1047,1555,1581]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.93" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" unit="mm" value="293.0">293 mm</quantity>
in length and resembles that of 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA26B43419C84CF9A9" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">
R. ch. 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593DFFFA23F0343DC84CF9A9" authorityName="Guenther" authorityYear="1881" box="[192,332,1591,1617]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chrysopygus">chrysopygus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
in having an anterior dark brown section (
<quantity id="4C9647F2593DFFFA201D343CCA8CF9A9" box="[813,908,1590,1617]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" unit="mm" value="125.0">125 mm</quantity>
) followed by a white, sub-terminal section (
<quantity id="4C9647F2593DFFFA264F343CC9C4F98D" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" unit="mm" value="95.0">95 mm</quantity>
) and ending with a black tip (
<quantity id="4C9647F2593DFFFA21223451CB66F98D" box="[530,614,1627,1653]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" unit="mm" value="34.0">34 mm</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C374B99C593DFFF923F73474CC76FAFD" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="255" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BD1EA17593DFFFA23F73474C8D1F8D1" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA23F73474C8E9F960" bold="true" box="[199,489,1662,1689]" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">Distribution and habitat</emphasis>
. Records of 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA21443475CA22F961" box="[628,802,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">R. ch. mandelai</emphasis>
are from Boni-Dodori forest, east of the lower 
<collectingRegion id="49AA24F5593DFFFA261B3475CC9CF961" box="[1323,1436,1663,1689]" country="Kenya" name="Tana River" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">Tana river</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation id="1355F692593DFFFA23AF34A9C800F945" box="[159,256,1699,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1633,1657]" captionTargetBox="[160,1428,640,1601]" captionTargetId="figure-268@1.[151,1436,633,1610]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Distributions of giant sengi (Rhynchocyon) species and subspecies. (A) Map of Africa with a black rectangle indicating the extent for B. (B) Ranges of Rhynchocyon taxa with a black rectangle indicating the extent for C. Distributions are drawn as polygons, encompassing all known localities of each taxon from work by G. Rathbun deposited in www.sengis.org and used with permission. (C) Map of the Kenyan coastal region showing the location of the two subspecies of R. chrysopygus (R. ch. chrysopygus and R. ch. mandelai)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4651768" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4651768/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">Figure 1</figureCitation>
, Table S2). This is a mosaic of wooded savannah, thickets, and forests representing the largest Kenyan coastal forest area (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF97E6593DFFFA224134CDCB36F91A" author="Amin, R. &amp; Agwanda, B. R. &amp; Ogwoka, B. &amp; Wacher, T." box="[369,566,1735,1762]" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" pagination="223 - 235" refId="ref9664" refString="Amin, R., Agwanda, B. R., Ogwoka, B. &amp; Wacher, T. (2016) Status and behavioural ecology of Sengis in the Boni-Dodori and Arabuko-Sokoke forests, Kenya, determined by camera traps. Journal of East African Natural History, 105, 223 - 235. https: // doi. org / 10.2982 / 028.105.0203" type="journal article" year="2016">
Amin 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA228A34CDC8EBF919" box="[442,491,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
). Distribution limits are 
<geoCoordinate id="EE5A8CD0593DFFFA207834CCCA99F919" box="[840,921,1734,1761]" degrees="1.564" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" precision="55" value="-1.564">1.564S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE5A8CD0593DFFFA209534CCCD03F919" box="[933,1027,1734,1761]" degrees="41.215" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" precision="55" value="41.215">41.215E</geoCoordinate>
to the north, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE5A8CD0593DFFFA27AB34CDCDEBF919" box="[1179,1259,1735,1761]" degrees="1.909" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" precision="55" value="-1.909">1.909S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE5A8CD0593DFFFA27C734CDCC55F919" box="[1271,1365,1735,1761]" degrees="41.301" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" precision="55" value="41.301">41.301E</geoCoordinate>
to the south, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE5A8CD0593DFFFA23D134E0C832F8FD" box="[225,306,1770,1797]" degrees="1.725" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" precision="55" value="-1.725">1.725S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE5A8CD0593DFFFA220E34E1C89CF8FD" box="[318,412,1771,1797]" degrees="41.342" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" precision="55" value="41.342">41.342E</geoCoordinate>
to the east, and 
<geoCoordinate id="EE5A8CD0593DFFFA217F34E1CBA1F8FD" box="[591,673,1771,1797]" degrees="1.681" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" precision="55" value="-1.681">1.681S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE5A8CD0593DFFFA219C34E1CA0AF8FD" box="[684,778,1771,1797]" degrees="40.861" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" precision="55" value="40.861">40.861E</geoCoordinate>
to the west. The resulting polygon predicts a total distribution of 
<quantity id="4C9647F2593DFFFA23D83505C84BF8D1" box="[232,331,1807,1833]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.98" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" unit="km" value="1980.0">1980 km</quantity>
<superScript id="7C1B475F593DFFFA227B3504C853F8E4" attach="left" box="[331,339,1806,1820]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">2</superScript>
(
<figureCitation id="1355F692593DFFFA22523505C8C3F8D1" box="[354,451,1806,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,900,924]" captionTargetBox="[156,1434,170,880]" captionTargetId="figure-21@10.[151,1437,166,883]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Estimated range of R. chrysopygus mandelai subsp. nov. (A) Species distribution model of R. ch. mandelai in the coastal region of Kenya and greater Kenya (inset). Warmer colors represent areas of higher likelihood niche, while cooler colors (blue) represent unlikely occupation. Records of R. ch. chrysopygus and R. ch. mandelai are shown as black dots. (B) A minimum convex polygon was drawn around all recorded sightings of R. ch. mandelai (orange stars). This polygon was extended to include areas which had a high likelihood of occurrence based on ecological niche models created in Maxent (dark green areas). The type locality of R. ch. mandelai is indicated with a larger yellow star." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4651776" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4651776/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">Figure 5</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD1EA17593DFFFA23F73539C9B5F841" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">
Identity tests of similarity of ecological niche reject similar environmental conditions in the ranges of the two subspecies (Schoener’s D for 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA22DA355DCB9CF889" box="[490,668,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">R. ch. mandelai</emphasis>
vs. 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593DFFFA21FD355DCAA3F889" box="[717,931,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">
R. ch. 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593DFFFA2027355DCAA3F889" authorityName="Guenther" authorityYear="1881" box="[791,931,1879,1905]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chrysopygus">chrysopygus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
= 0.0163; Null distribution: mean = 0.7999, 95% CI = 
<geoCoordinate id="EE5A8CD0593DFFFA223D3570C85DF86D" box="[269,349,1914,1941]" degrees="0.7925" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" precision="5" value="0.7925">0.7925</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE5A8CD0593DFFFA226D3570C8B5F86D" box="[349,437,1914,1941]" degrees="0.8073" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="254" precision="5" value="-0.8073">-0.8073</geoCoordinate>
), which matches the completely non-overlapping areas of predicted distributions (
<figureCitation id="1355F692593DFFFA26613571C9A7F841" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,900,924]" captionTargetBox="[156,1434,170,880]" captionTargetId="figure-21@10.[151,1437,166,883]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Estimated range of R. chrysopygus mandelai subsp. nov. (A) Species distribution model of R. ch. mandelai in the coastal region of Kenya and greater Kenya (inset). Warmer colors represent areas of higher likelihood niche, while cooler colors (blue) represent unlikely occupation. Records of R. ch. chrysopygus and R. ch. mandelai are shown as black dots. (B) A minimum convex polygon was drawn around all recorded sightings of R. ch. mandelai (orange stars). This polygon was extended to include areas which had a high likelihood of occurrence based on ecological niche models created in Maxent (dark green areas). The type locality of R. ch. mandelai is indicated with a larger yellow star." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4651776" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4651776/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="254">Figure 5</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF11BA9F593EFFF923A7318ECA80FBA8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4651776" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4651776" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4651776/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="255" startId="10.[151,250,900,924]" targetBox="[156,1434,170,880]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8BD1EA17593EFFF923A7318ECA80FBA8" blockId="10.[151,1437,900,1105]" pageId="10" pageNumber="255">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593EFFF923A7318EC813FC64" bold="true" box="[151,275,900,924]" pageId="10" pageNumber="255">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
Estimated range of 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593EFFF922D1318FCBE1FC64" box="[481,737,900,924]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="chrysopygus" subSpecies="mandelai">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593EFFF922D1318FCBE1FC64" box="[481,737,900,924]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="255">R. chrysopygus mandelai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subsp. nov. (A) Species distribution model of 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593EFFF9278C318FCC5CFC64" box="[1212,1372,900,924]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="255">R. ch. mandelai</emphasis>
in the coastal region of Kenya and greater Kenya (inset). Warmer colors represent areas of higher likelihood niche, while cooler colors (blue) represent unlikely occupation. Records of 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593EFFF921BB31C7CA4CFC1C" box="[651,844,972,996]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="255">
R. ch. 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E9194593EFFF921FD31C6CA4CFC1C" authorityName="Guenther" authorityYear="1881" box="[717,844,972,996]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Rhynchocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chrysopygus">chrysopygus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593EFFF9204E31C7CD1EFC1C" box="[894,1054,972,996]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="255">R. ch. mandelai</emphasis>
are shown as black dots. (B) A minimum convex polygon was drawn around all recorded sightings of 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593EFFF9200331FBCAD1FBF0" box="[819,977,1008,1032]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="255">R. ch. mandelai</emphasis>
(orange stars). This polygon was extended to include areas which had a high likelihood of occurrence based on ecological niche models created in Maxent (dark green areas). The type locality of 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593EFFF922553633CB03FBA8" box="[357,515,1080,1104]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="255">R. ch. mandelai</emphasis>
is indicated with a larger yellow star.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD1EA17593EFFF923F73674CC76FAFD" blockId="10.[151,1437,1150,1429]" pageId="10" pageNumber="255">
Within the range of 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593EFFF9229B3675CB5AFB60" box="[427,602,1150,1176]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="255">R. ch. mandelai</emphasis>
, records are confined to forest patches that include areas with continuous, closed canopy forest cover and with a thick layer of leaf litter on the forest floor, as well as areas with bushland, thickets and forest edges. No records are reported from grassland or open woodland, despite surveys including these habitats. Thus, 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593EFFF9223F36E1C8BBFAFC" box="[271,443,1258,1284]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="255">R. ch. mandelai</emphasis>
appears to prefer dry forests with an intact canopy layer reaching a height of 
<quantity id="4C9647F2593EFFF9263E36E0CC73FAFD" box="[1294,1395,1258,1285]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="255" unit="m" value="12.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="10.0">
10– 
<specimenCount id="9D68219E593EFFF9260936E0CC73FAFD" box="[1337,1395,1258,1285]" pageId="10" pageNumber="255" type="generic">15 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C374B99C593EFFF923F73704CD65FA6D" pageId="10" pageNumber="255" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD1EA17593EFFF923F73704CD65FA6D" blockId="10.[151,1437,1150,1429]" pageId="10" pageNumber="255">
<emphasis id="B91A3605593EFFF923F73704C838FAD0" bold="true" box="[199,312,1294,1320]" pageId="10" pageNumber="255">Variation</emphasis>
. There is little variation in the pelage pattern of the specimens, although the nuchal crest of hairs is of variable length across specimens, measuring 
<quantity id="4C9647F2593EFFF921833738CA03FAB5" box="[691,771,1330,1357]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="255" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 mm</quantity>
in the 
<typeStatus id="54D554B5593EFFF920613738CAB6FAB4" box="[849,950,1330,1356]" pageId="10" pageNumber="255" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, 
<quantity id="4C9647F2593EFFF920F23739CD11FAB5" box="[962,1041,1331,1357]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="10" pageNumber="255" unit="mm" value="38.0">38 mm</quantity>
in the 
<typeStatus id="54D554B5593EFFF927503739CDC0FAB5" box="[1120,1216,1331,1357]" pageId="10" pageNumber="255" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
NMK 180814, and 
<quantity id="4C9647F2593EFFF923A7375DC9E6FA89" box="[151,230,1367,1393]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="10" pageNumber="255" unit="mm" value="29.0">29 mm</quantity>
in the 
<typeStatus id="54D554B5593EFFF92201375DC891FA89" box="[305,401,1367,1393]" pageId="10" pageNumber="255" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
NMK 180813. We also examined 843 camera-trap images from the survey by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF97E6593EFFF927CF375CC9E2FA6D" author="Andanje, S. &amp; Agwanda, B. R. &amp; Ngaruiya, G. W. &amp; Amin, R. &amp; Rathbun, G. B." pageId="10" pageNumber="255" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref9869" refString="Andanje, S., Agwanda, B. R., Ngaruiya, G. W., Amin, R. &amp; Rathbun, G. B. (2010) Sengi (Elephant-Shrew) Observations from Northern Coastal Kenya. Journal of East African Natural History, 99, 1 - 8. https: // doi. org / 10.2982 / 028.099.0101" type="journal article" year="2010">
Andanje 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593EFFF92655375DCC95FA88" box="[1381,1429,1366,1392]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="255">et al</emphasis>
. (2010)
</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF97E6593EFFF922273770C8E7FA6D" author="Amin, R. &amp; Agwanda, B. R. &amp; Ogwoka, B. &amp; Wacher, T." box="[279,487,1402,1429]" pageId="10" pageNumber="255" pagination="223 - 235" refId="ref9664" refString="Amin, R., Agwanda, B. R., Ogwoka, B. &amp; Wacher, T. (2016) Status and behavioural ecology of Sengis in the Boni-Dodori and Arabuko-Sokoke forests, Kenya, determined by camera traps. Journal of East African Natural History, 105, 223 - 235. https: // doi. org / 10.2982 / 028.105.0203" type="journal article" year="2016">
Amin 
<emphasis id="B91A3605593EFFF9226D3771C88FFA6C" box="[349,399,1402,1428]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="255">et al</emphasis>
. (2016)
</bibRefCitation>
and found no discernable variation in the pelage pattern.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>