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<document id="DC1DB065CC73B9153007766C81056F04" ID-CLB-Dataset="29175" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4453.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="348e1a52-72a5-4809-b533-a158fc7a298a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1454920" ID-ZooBank="866690A9-0462-4892-AE29-9AAC623F87B3" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1539178978648" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Paweł Jałoszyński" docDate="2018" docId="2161879CFFE18A23FF7A33366284D9E6" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4453.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4453 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Clidicus Laporte de Castelnau 1832" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="49" masterDocId="DD58FFE4FFC68A13FFED3418614DD933" masterDocTitle="World genera of Mastigitae: review of morphological structures and new ecological data (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae)" masterLastPageNumber="119" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="40" updateTime="1698572836684" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="3103D785AA17B6BF0DD00C134C3CE110" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="04AAD25885BCBB8B14BE8B38C34978BD">
<mods:title id="45DADC38CA0599462D46FD6BB9B61831">World genera of Mastigitae: review of morphological structures and new ecological data (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="AFCCCC4B4C0C5B4113A37A441302FBB5">Paweł Jałoszyński</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="546EA6165027CCF66E9692C6B85428D6">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="06689E99D6825E8E2746F744416BC298">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="5669E8E1538A2912CB6AA45673AA65F1">
<mods:date id="D02CA47E53AC03528D02B5065B199E98">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4FCB60AEF3455CC7B79A9BA6E5FEBC15">2018-07-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="669CA29A97D902ECFDAC0ACE7CDA0426">4453</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="01D6ED552DB655103F5DEB63298B463A">1</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="5C560C81B1F273C7F76DC33AD57E3EB7">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="731E18211B31EB1AEF4776B4D4B56C44" type="CLB-Dataset">29175</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8AC5B168AE306F867B082A2283EEB0DD" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4453.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="20332C27110ABB38968B7DAAE1BB44B1" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="2161879CFFE18A23FF7A33366284D9E6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5976940" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5976940" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2161879CFFE18A23FF7A33366284D9E6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2161879CFFE18A23FF7A33366284D9E6" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<paragraph id="A977368AFFE18A34FF7A3336602BDE7B" blockId="39.[151,358,1838,1864]" box="[151,358,1838,1864]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<heading id="F23F81E6FFE18A34FF7A3336602BDE7B" bold="true" box="[151,358,1838,1864]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFE18A34FF7A3336602BDE7B" ID-CoL="8X77G" authority="Laporte" authorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" authorityYear="1832" box="[151,358,1838,1864]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE18A34FF7A3336602BDE7B" bold="true" box="[151,358,1838,1864]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE18A34FF7A333661B6DE7B" bold="true" box="[151,251,1838,1864]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Clidicus</emphasis>
Laporte
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A977368AFFE18A34FF7A336C646FDEB9" blockId="39.[151,1436,1908,1992]" box="[151,1314,1908,1930]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFE18A34FF7A336C6341DEB9" authority="LAPORTE dE CASTELNAU, 1832" authorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" authorityYear="1832" box="[151,524,1908,1930]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE18A34FF7A336C61A6DEB9" box="[151,235,1908,1930]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Clidicus</emphasis>
Laporte de Castelnau, 1832
</taxonomicName>
: 396. Type species:
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFE18A34FD3A336C65D1DEB9" authority="LAPORTE dE CASTELNAU, 1832" authorityName=", Laporte de Castelnau" authorityYear="1832" box="[727,1180,1908,1930]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE18A34FD3A336C6232DEB9" box="[727,895,1908,1930]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Clidicus grandis</emphasis>
Laporte de Castelnau, 1832
</taxonomicName>
(monotypy).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A977368AFFE18A34FF7A338C6019DEFB" blockId="39.[151,1436,1908,1992]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFE18A34FF7A338C60FADE9A" authority="Walker, 1858: 205" authorityName="Walker" authorityPageNumber="205" authorityYear="1858" box="[151,439,1939,1961]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Erineus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE18A34FF7A338C61ABDE9A" box="[151,230,1940,1961]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Erineus</emphasis>
Walker, 1858: 205
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="76738828FFE18A34FE28338C60BADE9A" box="[453,503,1940,1961]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFE18A34FDB3338C628CDE9A" authority="WALkER, 1858" authorityName="WALkER" authorityYear="1858" box="[606,961,1939,1961]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Erineus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monstrosus">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE18A34FDB3338C6267DE9A" box="[606,810,1940,1961]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Erineus monstrosus</emphasis>
Walker, 1858
</taxonomicName>
(monotypy). Synonymized with
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFE18A34FACE338B643ADE9A" authorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" authorityYear="1832" box="[1315,1399,1939,1961]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE18A34FACE338B643ADE9A" box="[1315,1399,1939,1961]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Clidicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by Pascoe, 1863.
</paragraph>
<caption id="FDB76602FFEE8A3BFF7A32A8627CDFD6" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454962/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" startId="40.[151,264,1712,1735]" targetBox="[158,1426,201,1685]" targetPageId="40">
<paragraph id="A977368AFFEE8A3BFF7A32A8627CDFD6" blockId="40.[151,1436,1712,1765]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEE8A3BFF7A32A8601EDFF5" bold="true" box="[151,339,1712,1735]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">FIGURES 78–83.</emphasis>
Clidicini, examples of extant genera; dorsal (78, 80, 82) and lateral (79, 81, 83) habitus.
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFEE8A3BFB3832A964D1DFF4" box="[1237,1436,1713,1735]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracillipes">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEE8A3BFB3832A964D1DFF4" box="[1237,1436,1713,1735]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Clidicus gracillipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(78–79);
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFEE8A3BFF1932D760D2DFD6" box="[244,415,1743,1765]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bellator">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEE8A3BFF1932D760D2DFD6" box="[244,415,1743,1765]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Clidicus bellator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(80–81);
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFEE8A3BFDEE32D76399DFD6" box="[515,724,1743,1765]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formicarius">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEE8A3BFDEE32D76399DFD6" box="[515,724,1743,1765]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Clidicus formicarius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(82–83).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="E1D26501FFEE8A3BFF7A332E64D1DEED" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="A977368AFFEE8A3BFF7A332E6525DE40" blockId="40.[151,1436,1846,2015]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEE8A3BFF7A332E605CDE7C" bold="true" box="[151,273,1846,1871]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Differs from other Clidicini in vertex lacking a pair of long bristles; labial palpomere II barrel-shaped, weakly broadened distad; and labial palpomere IV rod-like, slender but not bristle-like.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A977368AFFEE8A3BFF2A336664D1DEED" blockId="40.[151,1436,1846,2015]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEE8A3BFF2A33666081DEA4" bold="true" box="[199,460,1918,1943]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Characteristic. Adult.</emphasis>
Body (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEE8A3BFDF2336663D2DEA4" box="[543,671,1918,1943]" captionStart="FIGURES 78–83" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1712,1735]" captionTargetBox="[158,1426,201,1685]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1691]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 78–83. Clidicini, examples of extant genera; dorsal (78, 80, 82) and lateral (79, 81, 83) habitus. Clidicus gracillipes (78–79); Clidicus bellator (80–81); Clidicus formicarius (82–83)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454962/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Figs 78–83</figureCitation>
) small to large, in extant species 2.99̄8.50 mm in length, in extinct species 3.55–4.08 mm (nominal species) to ~
<quantity id="6E309B6FFFEE8A3BFD5B33BA63B6DE89" box="[694,763,1954,1979]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
(undescribed Baltic amber species), light to dark reddish brown, one species red with dark brown head; strongly convex, dorsally densely setose, setae long and suberect to
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E1D26501FFEF8A3CFF7A34806003DC66" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="description">
<paragraph id="A977368AFFEF8A3AFF7A34806096D9E6" blockId="41.[151,1436,151,213]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">erect, unmodified except for variously developed longer and more erect bristles distributed on antennae, maxillary palps, head capsule and legs.</paragraph>
<caption id="FDB76602FFEF8A3AFF7A3195606ADCD2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454964/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" startId="41.[151,264,1421,1444]" targetBox="[151,1436,265,1400]" targetPageId="41">
<paragraph id="A977368AFFEF8A3AFF7A3195606ADCD2" blockId="41.[151,1436,1421,1505]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEF8A3AFF7A31956018DC90" bold="true" box="[151,341,1421,1444]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">FIGURES 84–85.</emphasis>
Clidicini, examples of extant species; anterior portion of body, ventral.
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFEF8A3AFBDB31966445DC97" box="[1078,1288,1422,1444]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formicarius">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEF8A3AFBDB31966445DC97" box="[1078,1288,1422,1444]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Clidicus formicarius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(84);
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFEF8A3AFAAA31966049DCF1" authorityName="O'KEEfE" authorityYear="2000" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abbotensis">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEF8A3AFAAA31966049DCF1" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Clidicus abbotensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(85). Arrows showing outstanding setae on head, profemur and prothoracic hypomera, which are largely reduced in
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFEF8A3AFF7A31D4606DDCD2" authorityName="O'KEEfE" authorityYear="2000" box="[151,288,1483,1505]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abbotensis">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEF8A3AFF7A31D4606DDCD2" box="[151,288,1483,1505]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">C. abbotensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="A977368AFFEF8A3AFF2A3215618EDEE5" blockId="41.[151,1437,1549,2006]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
Head capsule (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEF8A3AFE6C32156341DF15" box="[385,524,1549,1574]" captionStart="FIGURES 84–85" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1421,1444]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1400]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[151,1436,265,1400]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 84–85. Clidicini, examples of extant species; anterior portion of body, ventral. Clidicus formicarius (84); Clidicus abbotensis (85). Arrows showing outstanding setae on head, profemur and prothoracic hypomera, which are largely reduced in C. abbotensis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454964/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Figs 84–85</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEF8A3AFDCF32166327DF15" box="[546,618,1550,1574]" captionStart="FIGURES 90–93" captionStartId="44.[151,264,1885,1908]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,495,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[151,1436,495,1865]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURES 90–93. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Head in dorsal (90) and ventral (91) views; mouthparts in dorsal view (92); left maxillary palpomeres III–IV in dorsal view (93). Abbreviations: ai, antennal insertion; bst, basistipes; cd, cardo; cl, clypeus; fcg, frontoclypeal groove; gal, galea; gp, gular plate; hr, hypostomal ridge; lac, lacinia; lbr, labrum; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp, labial palp; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; mxp1–4, maxillary palpomere I–IV; pmn, prementum; ppf, palpifer; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454970/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">90–91</figureCitation>
) divided into large and exposed anterior part and much smaller, subcylindrical 'neck' region retracted into prothorax and demarcated by distinct occipital constriction; 'neck' region about as broad as half width of head. Anterior part of head strongly flattened, typically subequal in width with prothorax, transverse or (rarely) about as long as broad, broadest behind middle or (rarely) at middle. Composite eyes dorsolateral, near anterior margin of head, small but composed of numerous small ommatidia, weakly convex. Vertex strongly transverse and posteriorly impressed at middle, convex at sides, with posterior margin concave. Tempora long and rounded. Frons between antennal insertions broadly subtrapezoidal, anteriorly demarcated by a deep and complete frontoclypeal groove (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEF8A3AFD973312639DDE11" box="[634,720,1802,1827]" captionStart="FIGURES 90–93" captionStartId="44.[151,264,1885,1908]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,495,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[151,1436,495,1865]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURES 90–93. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Head in dorsal (90) and ventral (91) views; mouthparts in dorsal view (92); left maxillary palpomeres III–IV in dorsal view (93). Abbreviations: ai, antennal insertion; bst, basistipes; cd, cardo; cl, clypeus; fcg, frontoclypeal groove; gal, galea; gp, gular plate; hr, hypostomal ridge; lac, lacinia; lbr, labrum; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp, labial palp; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; mxp1–4, maxillary palpomere I–IV; pmn, prementum; ppf, palpifer; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454970/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 90</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEF8A3AFD323312624CDE11" box="[735,769,1802,1826]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">fcg</emphasis>
). Clypeus very short and broad, with rounded or straight sides. Antennal insertions (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEF8A3AFE2433356350DE75" box="[457,541,1837,1862]" captionStart="FIGURES 90–93" captionStartId="44.[151,264,1885,1908]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,495,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[151,1436,495,1865]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURES 90–93. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Head in dorsal (90) and ventral (91) views; mouthparts in dorsal view (92); left maxillary palpomeres III–IV in dorsal view (93). Abbreviations: ai, antennal insertion; bst, basistipes; cd, cardo; cl, clypeus; fcg, frontoclypeal groove; gal, galea; gp, gular plate; hr, hypostomal ridge; lac, lacinia; lbr, labrum; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp, labial palp; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; mxp1–4, maxillary palpomere I–IV; pmn, prementum; ppf, palpifer; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454970/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 90</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEF8A3AFDC733376372DE75" box="[554,575,1839,1862]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">ai</emphasis>
) located anterodorsally, broadly separated. Gular plate (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEF8A3AFB513335645DDE75" box="[1212,1296,1837,1862]" captionStart="FIGURES 90–93" captionStartId="44.[151,264,1885,1908]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,495,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[151,1436,495,1865]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURES 90–93. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Head in dorsal (90) and ventral (91) views; mouthparts in dorsal view (92); left maxillary palpomeres III–IV in dorsal view (93). Abbreviations: ai, antennal insertion; bst, basistipes; cd, cardo; cl, clypeus; fcg, frontoclypeal groove; gal, galea; gp, gular plate; hr, hypostomal ridge; lac, lacinia; lbr, labrum; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp, labial palp; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; mxp1–4, maxillary palpomere I–IV; pmn, prementum; ppf, palpifer; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454970/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 91</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEF8A3AFAF133376475DE75" box="[1308,1336,1839,1862]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">gp</emphasis>
) lacking sutures, nearly smooth; posterior tentorial pits (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEF8A3AFD47334A63B3DE59" box="[682,766,1874,1899]" captionStart="FIGURES 90–93" captionStartId="44.[151,264,1885,1908]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,495,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[151,1436,495,1865]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURES 90–93. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Head in dorsal (90) and ventral (91) views; mouthparts in dorsal view (92); left maxillary palpomeres III–IV in dorsal view (93). Abbreviations: ai, antennal insertion; bst, basistipes; cd, cardo; cl, clypeus; fcg, frontoclypeal groove; gal, galea; gp, gular plate; hr, hypostomal ridge; lac, lacinia; lbr, labrum; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp, labial palp; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; mxp1–4, maxillary palpomere I–IV; pmn, prementum; ppf, palpifer; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454970/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 91</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEF8A3AFCE7334B6263DE59" box="[778,814,1875,1898]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">ptp</emphasis>
) arcuate, in front of transverse impression demarcating 'neck' region ventrally; hypostomal ridges (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEF8A3AFD79336D63A1DEBD" box="[660,748,1909,1934]" captionStart="FIGURES 90–93" captionStartId="44.[151,264,1885,1908]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,495,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[151,1436,495,1865]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURES 90–93. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Head in dorsal (90) and ventral (91) views; mouthparts in dorsal view (92); left maxillary palpomeres III–IV in dorsal view (93). Abbreviations: ai, antennal insertion; bst, basistipes; cd, cardo; cl, clypeus; fcg, frontoclypeal groove; gal, galea; gp, gular plate; hr, hypostomal ridge; lac, lacinia; lbr, labrum; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp, labial palp; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; mxp1–4, maxillary palpomere I–IV; pmn, prementum; ppf, palpifer; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454970/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 91</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEF8A3AFD10336D6258DEBD" box="[765,789,1909,1934]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">hr</emphasis>
) nearly straight or arcuate, posteriorly nearly reaching posterior tentorial pits. Head with or without punctures, densely setose, often with conspicuously long setae (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEF8A3AFA82338261FADEE5" captionStart="FIGURES 84–85" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1421,1444]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1400]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[151,1436,265,1400]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 84–85. Clidicini, examples of extant species; anterior portion of body, ventral. Clidicus formicarius (84); Clidicus abbotensis (85). Arrows showing outstanding setae on head, profemur and prothoracic hypomera, which are largely reduced in C. abbotensis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454964/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 84</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A977368AFFEC8A39FF2A348065F8D856" blockId="42.[151,1437,151,1149]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
Antennae (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEC8A39FEAF348F6088D983" box="[322,453,151,176]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 78–83" captionStart-1="FIGURES 84–85" captionStartId-0="40.[151,264,1712,1735]" captionStartId-1="41.[151,264,1421,1444]" captionTargetBox-0="[158,1426,201,1685]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,265,1400]" captionTargetId-0="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1691]" captionTargetId-1="figure@41.[151,1436,265,1400]" captionTargetPageId-0="40" captionTargetPageId-1="41" captionText-0="FIGURES 78–83. Clidicini, examples of extant genera; dorsal (78, 80, 82) and lateral (79, 81, 83) habitus. Clidicus gracillipes (78–79); Clidicus bellator (80–81); Clidicus formicarius (82–83)." captionText-1="FIGURES 84–85. Clidicini, examples of extant species; anterior portion of body, ventral. Clidicus formicarius (84); Clidicus abbotensis (85). Arrows showing outstanding setae on head, profemur and prothoracic hypomera, which are largely reduced in C. abbotensis." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/1454962/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/1454964/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Figs 78–85</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEC8A39FE3C348F60A3D983" box="[465,494,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–98" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 94–98. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">95</figureCitation>
) shorter or about as long as body, slender; scape (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEC8A39FBC5348F6530D983" box="[1064,1149,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–98" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 94–98. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 95</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEC8A39FB67348165ECD983" box="[1162,1185,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">sc</emphasis>
) 4̄6 times as long as broad, usually slightly broadening distad, with very deep lateroventral emargination; pedicel (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEC8A39FB4234A4644ED9E6" box="[1199,1283,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–98" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 94–98. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 95</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEC8A39FAE334A46467D9E6" box="[1294,1322,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">pd</emphasis>
) typically shorter than, less frequently about as long as antennomere III and broadening from narrow base to apex; antennomeres III–X elongate (usually strongly, less frequently weakly) and weakly thickening distally, basal stalks not exposed, basal rings absent or indistinct; antennomere XI elongate and slightly asymmetrical. Antennomeres covered with variously dense, long setae; surface of antennomeres smooth in most specimens.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A977368AFFEC8A39FF2A357765FBDD4E" blockId="42.[151,1437,151,1149]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
Mouthparts. Labrum (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEC8A39FE533577635CD8BB" box="[446,529,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURES 90–93" captionStartId="44.[151,264,1885,1908]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,495,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[151,1436,495,1865]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURES 90–93. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Head in dorsal (90) and ventral (91) views; mouthparts in dorsal view (92); left maxillary palpomeres III–IV in dorsal view (93). Abbreviations: ai, antennal insertion; bst, basistipes; cd, cardo; cl, clypeus; fcg, frontoclypeal groove; gal, galea; gp, gular plate; hr, hypostomal ridge; lac, lacinia; lbr, labrum; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp, labial palp; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; mxp1–4, maxillary palpomere I–IV; pmn, prementum; ppf, palpifer; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454970/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 92</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEC8A39FDF135776370D8BB" box="[540,573,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">lbr</emphasis>
) strongly transverse, variable in shape, with lateral margins parallel or (more frequently) divergent anterad, nearly straight or rounded, and with anterior margin straight, concave, emarginated or notched at middle, or with a row of variously shaped anterior teeth or denticles, with a transverse dorsoanterior row of long setae. Mandibles (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEC8A39FE0435C46325D8C7" box="[489,616,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 90–93" captionStartId="44.[151,264,1885,1908]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,495,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[151,1436,495,1865]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURES 90–93. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Head in dorsal (90) and ventral (91) views; mouthparts in dorsal view (92); left maxillary palpomeres III–IV in dorsal view (93). Abbreviations: ai, antennal insertion; bst, basistipes; cd, cardo; cl, clypeus; fcg, frontoclypeal groove; gal, galea; gp, gular plate; hr, hypostomal ridge; lac, lacinia; lbr, labrum; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp, labial palp; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; mxp1–4, maxillary palpomere I–IV; pmn, prementum; ppf, palpifer; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454970/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Figs 90–92</figureCitation>
) symmetrical, subtriangular and robust, with at least three (typically five) preapical teeth of various lengths, forming two groups, which are ventral and dorsal in relation to slender mandibular apex and the coronal plane of mandible; setose prostheca present and occupying more than basal half of mandible. Maxilla (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEC8A39FE4B365F60B3DB53" box="[422,510,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–98" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 94–98. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 94</figureCitation>
) with large but relatively short cardo (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEC8A39FC31365F657BDB53" box="[988,1078,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–98" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 94–98. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 94</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEC8A39FBA4365F652EDB53" box="[1097,1123,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">cd</emphasis>
); basistipes (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEC8A39FAE8365F6412DB53" box="[1285,1375,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–98" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 94–98. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 94</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEC8A39FA9F365F64DEDB53" box="[1394,1427,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">bst</emphasis>
) subtriangular and elongate; mediostipes (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEC8A39FD89367463FADBB7" box="[612,695,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–98" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 94–98. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 94</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEC8A39FD2E367563A7DBB7" box="[707,746,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">mst</emphasis>
) large and sharply demarcated from lacinia (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEC8A39FB0F36746478DBB7" box="[1250,1333,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–98" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 94–98. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 94</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEC8A39FAAC3674642EDBB6" box="[1345,1379,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">lac</emphasis>
) and galea (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEC8A39FF0F3697607BDB9B" box="[226,310,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–98" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 94–98. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 94</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEC8A39FEAE3697602ADB9B" box="[323,359,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">gal</emphasis>
), which are both elongate and curved mesally and each with dense row of distal setae; palpifer (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEC8A39FF7236AC61BEDBFF" box="[159,243,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–98" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 94–98. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 94</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEC8A39FEEC36AC6069DBFF" box="[257,292,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">ppf</emphasis>
) broad and elongate; maxillary palp (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEC8A39FD3C36AC621EDBFE" box="[721,851,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 84–85" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1421,1444]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1400]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[151,1436,265,1400]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 84–85. Clidicini, examples of extant species; anterior portion of body, ventral. Clidicus formicarius (84); Clidicus abbotensis (85). Arrows showing outstanding setae on head, profemur and prothoracic hypomera, which are largely reduced in C. abbotensis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454964/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Figs 84–85</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEC8A39FC8D36AC62E5DBFF" box="[864,936,692,716]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 90–93" captionStart-1="FIGURES 94–98" captionStartId-0="44.[151,264,1885,1908]" captionStartId-1="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,495,1865]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetId-0="figure@44.[151,1436,495,1865]" captionTargetId-1="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId-0="44" captionTargetPageId-1="45" captionText-0="FIGURES 90–93. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Head in dorsal (90) and ventral (91) views; mouthparts in dorsal view (92); left maxillary palpomeres III–IV in dorsal view (93). Abbreviations: ai, antennal insertion; bst, basistipes; cd, cardo; cl, clypeus; fcg, frontoclypeal groove; gal, galea; gp, gular plate; hr, hypostomal ridge; lac, lacinia; lbr, labrum; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp, labial palp; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; mxp1–4, maxillary palpomere I–IV; pmn, prementum; ppf, palpifer; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." captionText-1="FIGURES 94–98. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/1454970/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">93–94</figureCitation>
) composed of minute palpomere I, elongate and broadening distally palpomere II, palpomere III (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEC8A39FD0136CF6272DBC3" box="[748,831,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURES 90–93" captionStartId="44.[151,264,1885,1908]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,495,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[151,1436,495,1865]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURES 90–93. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Head in dorsal (90) and ventral (91) views; mouthparts in dorsal view (92); left maxillary palpomeres III–IV in dorsal view (93). Abbreviations: ai, antennal insertion; bst, basistipes; cd, cardo; cl, clypeus; fcg, frontoclypeal groove; gal, galea; gp, gular plate; hr, hypostomal ridge; lac, lacinia; lbr, labrum; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp, labial palp; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; mxp1–4, maxillary palpomere I–IV; pmn, prementum; ppf, palpifer; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454970/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 93</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEC8A39FCA636C062CADBC3" box="[843,903,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">mxp3</emphasis>
) subtriangular, broadening distad, with oblique distal margin, palpomere IV (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEC8A39FE1D36E4630ADA27" box="[496,583,764,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 90–93" captionStartId="44.[151,264,1885,1908]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,495,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[151,1436,495,1865]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURES 90–93. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Head in dorsal (90) and ventral (91) views; mouthparts in dorsal view (92); left maxillary palpomeres III–IV in dorsal view (93). Abbreviations: ai, antennal insertion; bst, basistipes; cd, cardo; cl, clypeus; fcg, frontoclypeal groove; gal, galea; gp, gular plate; hr, hypostomal ridge; lac, lacinia; lbr, labrum; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp, labial palp; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; mxp1–4, maxillary palpomere I–IV; pmn, prementum; ppf, palpifer; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454970/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 93</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEC8A39FDBA36E463DEDA27" box="[599,659,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">mxp4</emphasis>
) subtriangular, with pointed apex, its base typically narrower than apical width of palpomere III or subequal; palpomeres III and IV subcylindrical or variously distinctly flattened. All palpomeres densely covered with variously long setae, palpomere II and/or III with some long and more erect setae among suberect and shorter basic vestiture (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEC8A39FD22377F6269DAB3" box="[719,804,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURES 84–85" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1421,1444]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1400]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[151,1436,265,1400]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 84–85. Clidicini, examples of extant species; anterior portion of body, ventral. Clidicus formicarius (84); Clidicus abbotensis (85). Arrows showing outstanding setae on head, profemur and prothoracic hypomera, which are largely reduced in C. abbotensis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454964/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 84</figureCitation>
, in some species indistinct). Labium (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEC8A39FB3A377F6414DAB3" box="[1239,1369,871,896]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 90–93" captionStart-1="FIGURES 94–98" captionStartId-0="44.[151,264,1885,1908]" captionStartId-1="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,495,1865]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetId-0="figure@44.[151,1436,495,1865]" captionTargetId-1="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId-0="44" captionTargetPageId-1="45" captionText-0="FIGURES 90–93. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Head in dorsal (90) and ventral (91) views; mouthparts in dorsal view (92); left maxillary palpomeres III–IV in dorsal view (93). Abbreviations: ai, antennal insertion; bst, basistipes; cd, cardo; cl, clypeus; fcg, frontoclypeal groove; gal, galea; gp, gular plate; hr, hypostomal ridge; lac, lacinia; lbr, labrum; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp, labial palp; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; mxp1–4, maxillary palpomere I–IV; pmn, prementum; ppf, palpifer; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." captionText-1="FIGURES 94–98. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/1454970/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Figs 91–94</figureCitation>
) with broad submentum (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEC8A39FE9937946087DA97" box="[372,458,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURES 90–93" captionStartId="44.[151,264,1885,1908]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,495,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[151,1436,495,1865]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURES 90–93. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Head in dorsal (90) and ventral (91) views; mouthparts in dorsal view (92); left maxillary palpomeres III–IV in dorsal view (93). Abbreviations: ai, antennal insertion; bst, basistipes; cd, cardo; cl, clypeus; fcg, frontoclypeal groove; gal, galea; gp, gular plate; hr, hypostomal ridge; lac, lacinia; lbr, labrum; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp, labial palp; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; mxp1–4, maxillary palpomere I–IV; pmn, prementum; ppf, palpifer; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454970/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 91</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEC8A39FE3537956348DA97" box="[472,517,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">smn</emphasis>
) posteriorly not demarcated from gular region, bearing a pair of long thin setae near its anterior margin or in subanterior region; mentum (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEC8A39FCCD37B7623EDAFB" box="[800,883,943,968]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–98" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 94–98. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 94</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEC8A39FC9337A962EDDAFB" box="[894,928,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">mn</emphasis>
) subtrapezoidal and strongly transverse, with anterior margin straight or broadly rounded; prementum (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEC8A39FCD337CC62DBDADF" box="[830,918,980,1005]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–98" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 94–98. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 94</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEC8A39FC4B37CD6285DADF" box="[934,968,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">pm</emphasis>
) long, subtrapezoidal, broadest distally, lacking demarcated ligula, with a pair of anterolateral setae, with broadly separated bases of labial palps; lateral hypopharyngeal lobes (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEC8A39FE48300460B0DD07" box="[421,509,1052,1077]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–98" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 94–98. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 94</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEC8A39FDE130046364DD06" box="[524,553,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">lhl</emphasis>
) moderately large; labial palp (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEC8A39FC72300462BADD07" box="[927,1015,1052,1077]" captionStart="FIGURES 90–93" captionStartId="44.[151,264,1885,1908]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,495,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[151,1436,495,1865]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURES 90–93. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Head in dorsal (90) and ventral (91) views; mouthparts in dorsal view (92); left maxillary palpomeres III–IV in dorsal view (93). Abbreviations: ai, antennal insertion; bst, basistipes; cd, cardo; cl, clypeus; fcg, frontoclypeal groove; gal, galea; gp, gular plate; hr, hypostomal ridge; lac, lacinia; lbr, labrum; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp, labial palp; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; mxp1–4, maxillary palpomere I–IV; pmn, prementum; ppf, palpifer; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454970/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 91</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEC8A39FBEB30046551DD06" box="[1030,1052,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">lp</emphasis>
) composed of three palpomeres: palpomere I (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEC8A39FEC0302760CDDD6B" box="[301,384,1087,1112]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–98" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 94–98. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 94</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEC8A39FE61302760FDDD6B" box="[396,432,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">lp1</emphasis>
) small, elongate, broadening distad, palpomere II (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEC8A39FC033027650FDD6B" box="[1006,1090,1087,1112]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–98" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 94–98. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 94</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEC8A39FBA03027653CDD6B" box="[1101,1137,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">lp2</emphasis>
) largest, strongly elongate and only indistinctly broadening distad, palpomere III (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEC8A39FCEE307C621BDD4F" box="[771,854,1124,1149]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–98" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 94–98. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 94</figureCitation>
; lp3) narrow, long and pointed.
</paragraph>
<caption id="FDB76602FFEC8A39FF7A33736217DE8C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454966/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" startId="42.[151,264,1899,1922]" targetBox="[151,1436,1201,1878]" targetPageId="42">
<paragraph id="A977368AFFEC8A39FF7A33736217DE8C" blockId="42.[151,1438,1899,1983]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEC8A39FF7A33736013DEB2" bold="true" box="[151,350,1899,1922]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">FIGURES 86–88.</emphasis>
Clidicini, examples of extinct species; lateral (86), ventral (87) and lateroventral (88) habitus.
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFEC8A39FF7A33926097DE93" authorityName="O'KEEfE" authorityYear="1997" box="[151,474,1930,1952]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Palaeoleptochromus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schaufussi">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEC8A39FF7A33926097DE93" box="[151,474,1930,1952]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Palaeoleptochromus schaufussi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(86; Upper Cretaceous of Canada; photo Brendon Strilisky);
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFEC8A39FB8C3392646FDE93" box="[1121,1314,1930,1952]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="archaicus">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEC8A39FB8C3392646FDE93" box="[1121,1314,1930,1952]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Clidicus archaicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(87; Upper Cretaceous of Myanmar);
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFEC8A39FE4C33B160B8DE8C" authorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" authorityYear="1832" box="[417,501,1961,1983]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEC8A39FE4C33B160B8DE8C" box="[417,501,1961,1983]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Clidicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (88; Upper Eocene of Europe).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="A977368AFFED8A38FF2A348F627FDB0F" blockId="43.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
Prothorax (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFED8A38FEA9348F608BD983" box="[324,454,151,176]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 78–83" captionStart-1="FIGURES 84–85" captionStartId-0="40.[151,264,1712,1735]" captionStartId-1="41.[151,264,1421,1444]" captionTargetBox-0="[158,1426,201,1685]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,265,1400]" captionTargetId-0="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1691]" captionTargetId-1="figure@41.[151,1436,265,1400]" captionTargetPageId-0="40" captionTargetPageId-1="41" captionText-0="FIGURES 78–83. Clidicini, examples of extant genera; dorsal (78, 80, 82) and lateral (79, 81, 83) habitus. Clidicus gracillipes (78–79); Clidicus bellator (80–81); Clidicus formicarius (82–83)." captionText-1="FIGURES 84–85. Clidicini, examples of extant species; anterior portion of body, ventral. Clidicus formicarius (84); Clidicus abbotensis (85). Arrows showing outstanding setae on head, profemur and prothoracic hypomera, which are largely reduced in C. abbotensis." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/1454962/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/1454964/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Figs 78–85</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFED8A38FE3F348F60A2D983" box="[466,495,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–98" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 94–98. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">96</figureCitation>
) about as long as broad or weakly elongate, strongly convex, broadest near anterior third. Pronotum with anterior and posterior margins arcuate or nearly straight, sides rounded in anterior half and usually sinuate in posterior half; anterior corners broadly rounded, posterior corners obtuse-angled; pronotal base with a short posterior 'collar' demarcated by a dorsal transverse row of several variously distinct pits, nearly always connected by a groove. Prosternum (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFED8A38FDD5353F63C7D873" box="[568,650,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–98" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 94–98. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Fig. 96</figureCitation>
) with basisternal part (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFED8A38FC7C353F62A8D873" box="[913,997,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–98" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 94–98. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Fig. 96</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFED8A38FC1F353F6550D873" box="[1010,1053,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">bstr</emphasis>
) subequal in length to coxal part, but proportions depend on the shape of pronotum, in species with short pronota basisternal part tends to be indistinctly shorter than coxal part, in species with elongate pronota basisternal part can be longer than coxal part. Prosternum laterally completely fused with hypomera. Coxal region demarcated anteriorly by carina extending laterally up to apices of very weakly developed adcoxal hypomeral lobes. Procoxal cavities broadly open. Prosternal intercoxal process indistinct, usually developed as a diffuse and weakly elevated ridge hidden between procoxae. Ventral surface of prothorax typically densely setose, in some species with particularly dense and long erect setae on anteroventral portions of hypomera (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFED8A38FD3C363C626BDB0F" box="[721,806,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 84–85" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1421,1444]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1400]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[151,1436,265,1400]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 84–85. Clidicini, examples of extant species; anterior portion of body, ventral. Clidicus formicarius (84); Clidicus abbotensis (85). Arrows showing outstanding setae on head, profemur and prothoracic hypomera, which are largely reduced in C. abbotensis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454964/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Fig. 84</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="FDB76602FFED8A38FF7A30BD6267DD88" box="[151,810,1189,1211]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454968/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" startId="43.[151,250,1189,1211]" targetBox="[151,1436,613,1168]" targetPageId="43">
<paragraph id="A977368AFFED8A38FF7A30BD6267DD88" blockId="43.[151,810,1189,1211]" box="[151,810,1189,1211]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFED8A38FF7A30BD6052DD89" bold="true" box="[151,287,1189,1211]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">FIGURE 89.</emphasis>
Clidicini, distribution of extant species of
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFED8A38FD3D30BD6269DD88" authorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" authorityYear="1832" box="[720,804,1189,1211]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFED8A38FD3D30BD6269DD88" box="[720,804,1189,1211]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Clidicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="A977368AFFED8A38FF2A30F0650EDF12" blockId="43.[151,1437,1256,2037]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
Mesoventrite (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFED8A38FE8430F060A7DC32" box="[361,490,1256,1281]" captionStart="FIGURES 84–85" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1421,1444]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1400]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[151,1436,265,1400]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 84–85. Clidicini, examples of extant species; anterior portion of body, ventral. Clidicus formicarius (84); Clidicus abbotensis (85). Arrows showing outstanding setae on head, profemur and prothoracic hypomera, which are largely reduced in C. abbotensis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454964/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Figs 84–85</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFED8A38FE1830F0635FDC33" box="[501,530,1256,1280]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–98" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 94–98. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">97</figureCitation>
) subtrapezoidal, broadening posteriorly. Prepecti (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFED8A38FBAB30F065D4DC33" box="[1094,1177,1256,1281]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–98" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 94–98. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Fig. 97</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFED8A38FB4930F16585DC33" box="[1188,1224,1257,1280]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">pre</emphasis>
) long and together with anteromedian mesoventral area forming a massive 'collar', which bears a transverse groove just behind its anterior ridge (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFED8A38FED3312860DCDC7B" box="[318,401,1328,1353]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–98" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 94–98. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Fig. 97</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFED8A38FE70312960FBDC7B" box="[413,438,1329,1352]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">ar</emphasis>
), its posterior margin bisinuate with short subtriangular or subtrapezoidal posteromedian projection, which is broadly separated from a similar anteromedian projection of posterior margin of setose impression (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFED8A38FECB31606033DCA3" box="[294,382,1400,1425]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–98" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 94–98. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Fig. 97</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFED8A38FE63316160ECDCA3" box="[398,417,1401,1424]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">si</emphasis>
). Region just behind collar strongly and abruptly constricted, ventrally forming setose impression (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFED8A38FECF3184603ADC86" box="[290,375,1436,1461]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–98" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 94–98. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Fig. 97</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFED8A38FE69318560DADC87" box="[388,407,1437,1460]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">si</emphasis>
) filled with dense, unmodified setae. Mesoventral intercoxal process (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFED8A38FB5B31846446DC86" box="[1206,1291,1436,1461]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–98" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 94–98. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Fig. 97</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFED8A38FAF53185641FDC87" box="[1304,1362,1437,1460]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">msvp</emphasis>
) long, narrow and weakly convex, nearly parallel-sided or indistinctly broadened near middle of mesocoxal cavities, fully separating mesocoxae, posteriorly fused with metaventrite or with variously distinct posterior tip. Mesanepisterna large and subtriangular; mesepimera (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFED8A38FDD3321063DCDF13" box="[574,657,1544,1569]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–98" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 94–98. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Fig. 97</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFED8A38FD7032106394DF13" box="[669,729,1544,1568]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">epm2</emphasis>
) partly exposed in ventral view.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A977368AFFED8A38FF2A32356413DF5A" blockId="43.[151,1437,1256,2037]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Mesonotum (illustrated in O'Keefe &amp; Monteith (2002)) with subtriangular, elongate mesoscutellum with rounded apex, in intact specimens only its very tip visible between elytral bases; scutoscutellar suture absent.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A977368AFFED8A38FF2A326D6011DF82" blockId="43.[151,1437,1256,2037]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Metanotum fully developed or somewhat reduced, with alacristae not or only slightly shortened; hind wings present or absent.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A977368AFFED8A38FF2A32A4620FDEC6" blockId="43.[151,1437,1256,2037]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
Metaventrite (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFED8A38FE8132A46089DFE6" box="[364,452,1724,1749]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–98" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 94–98. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Fig. 97</figureCitation>
) short, subquadrate or subrectangular and slightly transverse, with lateral margins rounded; each mesocoxal cavity with posterior marginal carina, anterior margins not carinate; posterior margin of metaventrite deeply bisinuate laterally (in front of each metacoxa) and with a broad metaventral intercoxal process (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFED8A38FF72333061B1DE73" box="[159,252,1832,1857]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–98" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 94–98. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Fig. 97</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFED8A38FEFF33316005DE73" box="[274,328,1833,1856]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">mtvp</emphasis>
) with variously deeply concave posterior margin and subtriangular posterolateral corners; metaventrite lacking foveae. External admetacoxal part of posterior metaventral margin with additional marginal thickening demarcated by a groove, forming adcoxal carina (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFED8A38FCA6336862EDDEBB" box="[843,928,1904,1929]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–98" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 94–98. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Fig. 97</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFED8A38FC4133696292DEBB" box="[940,991,1905,1928]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">acxc</emphasis>
) at each side. Metanepisterna (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFED8A38FAAE336864DADEBB" box="[1347,1431,1904,1929]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–98" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 94–98. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Fig. 97</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFED8A38FF7A338D619FDE9E" box="[151,210,1941,1965]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">aest3</emphasis>
) broad and partly visible in ventral view, broadened posteriorly; metepimera broader than metanepisterna, with indistinctly demarcated inner and outer component, posteriorly extending far behind metacoxae. In one extinct species metaventrite with longitudinal median carina.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A977368AFFEA8A3FFF2A348F6347D9E7" blockId="44.[151,1436,151,464]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Metendosternite (metafurca) (illustrated in O’Keefe &amp; Monteith (2000)) Y-shaped, with short but distinct stem and divergent lateral furcal arms.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A977368AFFEA8A3FFF2A34F8621FD8E3" blockId="44.[151,1436,151,464]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
Legs (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEA8A3FFEFE34C760D1D9CB" box="[275,412,223,248]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 78–83" captionStart-1="FIGURES 84–85" captionStart-2="FIGURES 86–88" captionStartId-0="40.[151,264,1712,1735]" captionStartId-1="41.[151,264,1421,1444]" captionStartId-2="42.[151,264,1899,1922]" captionTargetBox-0="[158,1426,201,1685]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,265,1400]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,1201,1878]" captionTargetId-0="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1691]" captionTargetId-1="figure@41.[151,1436,265,1400]" captionTargetId-2="figure@42.[151,1436,1201,1878]" captionTargetPageId-0="40" captionTargetPageId-1="41" captionTargetPageId-2="42" captionText-0="FIGURES 78–83. Clidicini, examples of extant genera; dorsal (78, 80, 82) and lateral (79, 81, 83) habitus. Clidicus gracillipes (78–79); Clidicus bellator (80–81); Clidicus formicarius (82–83)." captionText-1="FIGURES 84–85. Clidicini, examples of extant species; anterior portion of body, ventral. Clidicus formicarius (84); Clidicus abbotensis (85). Arrows showing outstanding setae on head, profemur and prothoracic hypomera, which are largely reduced in C. abbotensis." captionText-2="FIGURES 86–88. Clidicini, examples of extinct species; lateral (86), ventral (87) and lateroventral (88) habitus. Palaeoleptochromus schaufussi (86; Upper Cretaceous of Canada; photo Brendon Strilisky); Clidicus archaicus (87; Upper Cretaceous of Myanmar); Clidicus sp. (88; Upper Eocene of Europe)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/1454962/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/1454964/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/1454966/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Figs 78–88</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEA8A3FFE4234F86081D9CB" box="[431,460,224,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 94–98" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 94–98. Clidicini, morphological structures, Clidicus bellator. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">97</figureCitation>
) long and slender, often conspicuously so. Pro- and mesocoxa short subconical, metacoxa with nearly hemispherical basal part and subconical distal part. Mesocoxa lacking coxal bristles, but often with an elongate patch of thin long setae. All trochanters short and subtriangular. Femora weakly clavate, profemur typically with at least one conspicuously long and erect ventral seta (in some species with many such setae, as in
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEA8A3FFECF35776035D8BB" box="[290,376,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURES 84–85" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1421,1444]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1400]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[151,1436,265,1400]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 84–85. Clidicini, examples of extant species; anterior portion of body, ventral. Clidicus formicarius (84); Clidicus abbotensis (85). Arrows showing outstanding setae on head, profemur and prothoracic hypomera, which are largely reduced in C. abbotensis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454964/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 84</figureCitation>
; rarely setae reduced, as in
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFEA8A3FFD2D3577625BD8BB" box="[704,790,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURES 84–85" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1421,1444]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1400]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[151,1436,265,1400]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 84–85. Clidicini, examples of extant species; anterior portion of body, ventral. Clidicus formicarius (84); Clidicus abbotensis (85). Arrows showing outstanding setae on head, profemur and prothoracic hypomera, which are largely reduced in C. abbotensis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454964/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 85</figureCitation>
). Tibiae robust, protibiae often curved in distal third or fourth. Tarsi long and slender, nearly subcylindrical, tarsomeres I–V subequal in length or reducing in length, tarsomere V strongly elongate, with curved and slender claws.
</paragraph>
<caption id="FDB76602FFEA8A3FFF7A334562ECDEDC" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454970/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" startId="44.[151,264,1885,1908]" targetBox="[151,1436,495,1865]" targetPageId="44">
<paragraph id="A977368AFFEA8A3FFF7A334562ECDEDC" blockId="44.[151,1438,1885,2031]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEA8A3FFF7A33456016DE40" bold="true" box="[151,347,1885,1908]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">FIGURES 90–93.</emphasis>
Clidicini, morphological structures,
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFEA8A3FFD00334662D2DE47" box="[749,927,1886,1908]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bellator">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEA8A3FFD00334662D2DE47" box="[749,927,1886,1908]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Clidicus bellator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Head in dorsal (90) and ventral (91) views; mouthparts in dorsal view (92); left maxillary palpomeres III–IV in dorsal view (93). Abbreviations: ai, antennal insertion; bst, basistipes; cd, cardo; cl, clypeus; fcg, frontoclypeal groove; gal, galea; gp, gular plate; hr, hypostomal ridge; lac, lacinia; lbr, labrum; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp, labial palp; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; mxp1–4, maxillary palpomere I–IV; pmn, prementum; ppf, palpifer; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="FDB76602FFEB8A3EFF7A33006403DED4" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454972/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" startId="45.[151,264,1816,1839]" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1796]" targetPageId="45">
<paragraph id="A977368AFFEB8A3EFF7A33006403DED4" blockId="45.[151,1437,1816,2023]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEB8A3EFF7A33006015DE1D" bold="true" box="[151,344,1816,1839]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">FIGURES 94–98.</emphasis>
Clidicini, morphological structures,
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFEB8A3EFD32330162C3DE1C" box="[735,910,1817,1839]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bellator">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFEB8A3EFD32330162C3DE1C" box="[735,910,1817,1839]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Clidicus bellator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Mouthparts in ventral view (94); left scape and pedicel in ventral view (95); prothorax in ventral view (96); pterothorax and first visible abdominal sternite in ventral view (97); aedeagus and sperm pump (98). Abbreviations: acxc, adcoxal carina; ade, adcoxal expansion; aed, aedeagus; aest3, metanepisternum; ar, anterior ridge; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; dej, ductus ejaculatorius; epm2, mesepimeron; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pd, pedicel; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; sc, scape; si, setose impression; spp, sperm pump; st3, abdominal sternite III; v3, metaventrite.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="A977368AFFE88A3DFF2A348F65EAD9C4" blockId="46.[151,1436,151,248]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
Elytra (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFE88A3DFEF0348F60ECD983" box="[285,417,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 78–83" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1712,1735]" captionTargetBox="[158,1426,201,1685]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1691]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 78–83. Clidicini, examples of extant genera; dorsal (78, 80, 82) and lateral (79, 81, 83) habitus. Clidicus gracillipes (78–79); Clidicus bellator (80–81); Clidicus formicarius (82–83)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454962/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Figs 78–83</figureCitation>
) oval, strongly convex, with variously distinct humeral calli, lacking basal impressions, with rounded or pointed apices; elytral disc with distinct large and deep punctures arranged in six nearly complete and regular longitudinal rows. Elytra variously densely setose, setae typically long and erect.
</paragraph>
<caption id="FDB76602FFE88A3DFF7A317465E0DCB0" box="[151,1197,1388,1411]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454974/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" startId="46.[151,264,1388,1411]" targetBox="[151,1436,301,1368]" targetPageId="46">
<paragraph id="A977368AFFE88A3DFF7A317465E0DCB0" blockId="46.[151,1197,1388,1411]" box="[151,1197,1388,1411]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE88A3DFF7A3174602DDCB1" bold="true" box="[151,352,1388,1411]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">FIGURES 99–100.</emphasis>
Clidicini, larva of
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFE88A3DFDCD317563AADCB0" authorityName="O'KEEfE" authorityYear="2000" box="[544,743,1389,1411]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abbotensis">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE88A3DFDCD317563AADCB0" box="[544,743,1389,1411]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Clidicus abbotensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in dorsal (99) and ventrolateral (100) views.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="A977368AFFE88A3DFF2A31D163C8DF35" blockId="46.[151,1437,1481,2010]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Abdomen with sternite III not fused with metaventrite, about as long as sternites IV and V together; sternite VIII in male with rounded posterior margin.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A977368AFFE88A3DFF2A320962FFDFEE" blockId="46.[151,1437,1481,2010]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
Aedeagus (illustrated in
<bibRefCitation id="CD594B7BFFE88A3DFE0B320963EBDF19" box="[486,678,1553,1578]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refId="ref51580" refString="BESUCHET, C. (1971) LES Clidicus dE CEYLON (COL. SCYdMAENIdAE). Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 43, 249 - 257." type="journal article">Besuchet (1971)</bibRefCitation>
, Jałoszyński (
<bibRefCitation id="CD594B7BFFE88A3DFCA7320A62CBDF19" box="[842,902,1554,1578]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refId="ref52793" refString="JAlOSzYnSkI, P. (2009) Clidicus crocodylus N. SP. fROM MINdANAO, THE fIRST SPECIES Of THE MASTIGINAE fROM THE PHILIPPINES (COLEOPTERA: STAPHYLINIdAE: SCYdMAENINAE). Genus, Wroclaw, 20 (2), 203 - 207." type="journal article">2009</bibRefCitation>
, 2018), Jałoszyński
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE88A3DFB98320A65FFDF19" box="[1141,1202,1553,1578]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
(2003), O’Keefe &amp; Monteith (2000), Orousset (2014), Zhou &amp; Li (2015)) strongly elongate, with symmetrical median lobe, parameres heavily sclerotized, symmetrical or one longer than the other; flagellum simple, not coiled, but in many specimens broadened and forming a sac-like structure. Ejaculatory duct with elongate and narrow sperm pump, typically with funnel-like structures at both ends, but in some species with one or both funnels reduced. Aedeagus in repose positioned symmetrically inside abdomen, with basal orifice facing up.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A977368AFFE88A3DFF2A32F16556DE15" blockId="46.[151,1437,1481,2010]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Spermatheca (illustrated by the same authors as aedeagus) globular, variable in shape, in some species nearly spherical, in others elongate, thick-walled, with relatively large accessory gland.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A977368AFFE88A3DFF2A33296006DEA1" blockId="46.[151,1437,1481,2010]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Sexual dimorphism. In some species distinct, females often slightly smaller and with stouter elytra, or elytral apices in males and females differ in shape, or males have secondary sexual structures: modified protrochanters or protibial apices.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A977368AFFE88A3CFF2A3385628EDB0F" blockId="46.[151,1437,1481,2010]" lastBlockId="47.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE88A3DFF2A33856090DE85" bold="true" box="[199,477,1949,1974]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Characteristics. Larva.</emphasis>
Body (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFE88A3DFDDE3385638EDE85" box="[563,707,1949,1974]" captionStart="FIGURES 99–100" captionStartId="46.[151,264,1388,1411]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,301,1368]" captionTargetId="figure@46.[151,1436,301,1368]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 99–100. Clidicini, larva of Clidicus abbotensis in dorsal (99) and ventrolateral (100) views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454974/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Figs 99–100</figureCitation>
) campodeiform, strongly elongate, subparallel-sided, narrowing posterad only in posterior half of abdomen, only slightly flattened, whitish with brown head and tergal plates, sparsely setose, setae long and unmodified. Head prognathous, weakly declines, with demarcated short, annuliform 'neck' and one pair of lateral stemmata; epicranial stem and frontal sutures distinct; nasale lacking teeth. Antenna longer than head and slender, all antennomeres cylindrical and not broadened, antennomeres I and II strongly elongate, antennomere III small but not vestigial, strongly elongate, longer than accessory appendage of antennomere II, the latter strongly elongate, spatulate. Mandibles falciform, moderately slender, pointed, each with one submedian mesal tooth; maxillary mala undivided, its apex densely setose, maxillary palp with all palpomeres elongate, palpomeres II and III comparable in length; labial palps with palpomere I longer than II, inserted on a long palpifer that resembles an additional palpomere. Thoracic tergites with well-defined tergal plates, ecdysial lines distinct. Abdomen with ten segments, all except X transverse; segment X elongate; urogomphi present, each composed of one elongate segment fused with posterolateral margin of abdominal segment IX; abdominal sternites weakly sclerotized, divided and bearing long setae. Legs long and slender. Spiracles annular, ventrolateral, nine pairs: one on mesothorax and eight pairs on abdominal segments I–VIII.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A977368AFFE98A3CFF2A365F62ECDA6F" blockId="47.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE98A3CFF2A365F6376DB53" bold="true" box="[199,571,583,608]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Composition and distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFE98A3CFDAA365F63E9DB53" authorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" authorityYear="1832" box="[583,676,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE98A3CFDAA365F63E9DB53" box="[583,676,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Clidicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
includes 28 extant species distributed (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFE98A3CFB6C365F6595DB53" box="[1153,1240,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURE 89" captionStartId="43.[151,250,1189,1211]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,613,1168]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[151,1436,613,1168]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 89. Clidicini, distribution of extant species of Clidicus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454968/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 89</figureCitation>
) in Asia (
<collectingCountry id="D1DF761AFFE98A3CFABA365F64D1DB53" box="[1367,1436,583,608]" name="China" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="6B0CF868FFE98A3CFF72367461BBDBB6" box="[159,246,620,645]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Hainan</collectingRegion>
),
<collectingCountry id="D1DF761AFFE98A3CFEFC36746006DBB6" box="[273,331,620,645]" name="India" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">India</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="6B0CF868FFE98A3CFE8F36746097DBB6" box="[354,474,620,645]" country="India" name="Karnataka" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Karnataka</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="6B0CF868FFE98A3CFE03367463CDDBB6" box="[494,640,620,645]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
),
<collectingCountry id="D1DF761AFFE98A3CFD7036746247DBB6" box="[669,778,620,645]" name="Indonesia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="6B0CF868FFE98A3CFCCC3674621ADBB7" box="[801,855,620,644]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Java</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="6B0CF868FFE98A3CFC81367462BFDBB6" box="[876,1010,620,645]" country="Indonesia" name="Kalimantan Utara" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Kalimantan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="6B0CF868FFE98A3CFBE83674652ADBB7" box="[1029,1127,620,644]" country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Utara" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Sumatra</collectingRegion>
),
<collectingCountry id="D1DF761AFFE98A3CFB6E367565F1DBB7" box="[1155,1212,621,644]" name="Laos" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Laos</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="D1DF761AFFE98A3CFB3D3674647ADBB6" box="[1232,1335,620,645]" name="Malaysia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="6B0CF868FFE98A3CFAA2367464D5DBB6" box="[1359,1432,620,645]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Sabah</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="6B0CF868FFE98A3CFF7A369761B1DB9B" box="[151,252,655,680]" country="Malaysia" name="Sarawak" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<collectingCountry id="D1DF761AFFE98A3CFF7A369761B1DB9B" box="[151,252,655,680]" name="Malaysia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
</collectingRegion>
),
<collectingCountry id="D1DF761AFFE98A3CFEE2369760C0DB9B" box="[271,397,655,680]" name="Philippines" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Philippines</collectingCountry>
(Mindanao),
<collectingCountry id="D1DF761AFFE98A3CFDCA369763D4DB9B" box="[551,665,655,680]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="D1DF761AFFE98A3CFD4936976248DB9B" box="[676,773,655,680]" name="Vietnam" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
) and
<collectingCountry id="D1DF761AFFE98A3CFCA9369762E6DB9B" box="[836,939,655,680]" name="Australia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Australia</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="6B0CF868FFE98A3CFC5736976509DB9B" box="[954,1092,655,680]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Queensland</collectingRegion>
), and two extinct species from Cenomanian
<collectingCountry id="D1DF761AFFE98A3CFEC136AD60D4DBFE" box="[300,409,693,717]" name="Myanmar" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
amber (originally placed in
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFE98A3CFD3136AC62FFDBFE" authorityName="Cai &amp; Huang" authorityYear="2016" box="[732,946,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Cretoleptochromus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE98A3CFD3136AC62FFDBFE" box="[732,946,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Cretoleptochromus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Two more extinct species were described and placed in
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFE98A3CFEDB36CF60DEDBC3" authorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" authorityYear="1832" box="[310,403,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE98A3CFEDB36CF60DEDBC3" box="[310,403,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Clidicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, one from Upper Eocene Baltic amber (Schaufuss 1896), the other from Lower Cretaceous Charentese French amber (Kirejtshuk
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE98A3CFDBE36E563DDDA26" box="[595,656,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">et al.</emphasis>
2015); both are highly problematic and treated here as Mastigitae
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE98A3CFF7A37396079DA0B" box="[151,308,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">incertae sedis</emphasis>
(see Remarks). Fossils of definitive Eocene
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFE98A3CFCDB370762DEDA0B" authorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" authorityYear="1832" box="[822,915,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE98A3CFCDB370762DEDA0B" box="[822,915,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Clidicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(remaining unnamed) are known from Baltic amber from
<collectingCountry id="D1DF761AFFE98A3CFECC375C6023DA6E" box="[289,366,836,861]" name="Russia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Russia</collectingCountry>
, the
<collectingRegion id="6B0CF868FFE98A3CFE4E375C6365DA6E" box="[419,552,836,861]" country="Russia" name="Kaliningrad" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Kaliningrad</collectingRegion>
Region (Jałoszyński
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE98A3CFCF4375D621CDA6E" box="[793,849,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">et al.</emphasis>
2018).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A977368AFFE98A3CFF2A377F65F0DDF6" blockId="47.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE98A3CFF2A377F60C6DAB3" bold="true" box="[199,395,871,896]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Natural history.</emphasis>
Species of
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFE98A3CFDCC377F6333DAB3" authorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" authorityYear="1832" box="[545,638,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE98A3CFDCC377F6333DAB3" box="[545,638,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Clidicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
live in subtropical forests and most published records concerning collecting circumstances mention leaf litter as the source of specimens. Typical forest habitats of some species are shown in
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFE98A3CFEE837B760EEDAFB" box="[261,419,943,968]" captionStart="FIGURES 101–106" captionStartId="48.[151,264,1797,1820]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1776]" captionTargetId="figure@48.[151,1436,265,1776]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURES 101–106. Clidicini, habitats (101–103) and adults in nature (104–106). Dam B'Ri Waterfall, Vietnam, habitat of Clidicus bellator (101–102; photo Shûhei Nomura); Mt. Abbot, Australia, habitat of Clidicus abbotensis (103–106; photo Geoff Monteith)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454976/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Figs 101–103</figureCitation>
. One species,
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFE98A3CFDA937A862C7DAFB" authority="Orousset, 2014" authorityName="OROUSSET" authorityYear="2014" box="[580,906,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE98A3CFDA937A8639BDAFB" box="[580,726,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. gracilipes</emphasis>
Orousset, 2014
</taxonomicName>
, was found in a cave, but it does not show any morphological adaptations typical of troglobitic beetles. Species that inhabit forests are encountered in small number of individuals or in large groups; the latter was the case for the Australian
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFE98A3CFBA337E064D5DD23" authority="O'Keefe, 2000" authorityName="O'KEEfE" authorityYear="2000" box="[1102,1432,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abbotensis">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE98A3CFBA337E065A5DD23" box="[1102,1256,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. abbotensis</emphasis>
O'Keefe, 2000
</taxonomicName>
, which was found on trunks, logs and surrounding ground in large numbers, large groups were photographed inside small crevices in bark of logs (
<figureCitation id="31F32A0FFFE98A3CFE15302763D4DD6B" box="[504,665,1087,1112]" captionStart="FIGURES 101–106" captionStartId="48.[151,264,1797,1820]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1776]" captionTargetId="figure@48.[151,1436,265,1776]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURES 101–106. Clidicini, habitats (101–103) and adults in nature (104–106). Dam B'Ri Waterfall, Vietnam, habitat of Clidicus bellator (101–102; photo Shûhei Nomura); Mt. Abbot, Australia, habitat of Clidicus abbotensis (103–106; photo Geoff Monteith)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1454976/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Figs 104–105</figureCitation>
). Adults of this remarkable species has an aposematic pigmentation and are active during day, walking on the soil, mosses, logs and trunks of living trees; in the same environment larvae were found.
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFE98A3CFE97309F609ADD93" authorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" authorityYear="1832" box="[378,471,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE98A3CFE97309F609ADD93" box="[378,471,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Clidicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may feed on various small arthropods; O’Keefe &amp; Monteith (2000) mentioned an individual of
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFE98A3CFEC330B5608BDDF6" authorityName="O'KEEfE" authorityYear="2000" box="[302,454,1196,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abbotensis">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE98A3CFEC330B5608BDDF6" box="[302,454,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. abbotensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
observed walking with a neanurine springtail held in its mandibles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A977368AFFE98A3CFF2A30C86003DC66" blockId="47.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Some species were believed to be associated with ants and termites, as adults were collected in association with some social insects or even from their open colonies. However, there are no signs of any particular morphological adaptations to myrmeco- or termitophily, and it seems that contacts of beetles with social insects are only occasional.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<paragraph id="A977368AFFE98A3CFF2A314762AEDEEE" blockId="47.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE98A3CFF2A31476076DC4B" bold="true" box="[199,315,1375,1400]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Remarks.</emphasis>
Two extinct species were placed in
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFE98A3CFD193147621CDC4B" authorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" authorityYear="1832" box="[756,849,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE98A3CFD193147621CDC4B" box="[756,849,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Clidicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFE98A3CFC8B3178659BDC4B" authority="C. Schaufuss, 1896" authorityName="C. Schaufuss" authorityYear="1896" box="[870,1238,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balticus">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE98A3CFC8B317862A8DC4B" box="[870,997,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. balticus</emphasis>
C. Schaufuss, 1896
</taxonomicName>
, and recently
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFE98A3CFA6F31786352DCAE" authority="Kirejtshuk et al., 2015" authorityName="Kirejtshuk et al." authorityYear="2015" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cretaceus">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE98A3CFA6F3178604CDCAF" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. cretaceus</emphasis>
Kirejtshuk
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE98A3CFE7C319D6082DCAE" box="[401,463,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">et al.</emphasis>
, 2015
</taxonomicName>
. The former species comes from the Upper Eocene Baltic amber and was described inadequately, without any illustrations. It may, or may not belong to
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFE98A3CFBED31BF6510DCF3" authorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" authorityYear="1832" box="[1024,1117,1447,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE98A3CFBED31BF6510DCF3" box="[1024,1117,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Clidicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; the
<typeStatus id="76738828FFE98A3CFB7831B16588DCF2" box="[1173,1221,1449,1473]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">type</typeStatus>
specimen has been lost (very likely destroyed) during World War II, and it is not possible to verify placement of this species.
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFE98A3CFAD331D4604CDF3B" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cretaceus">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE98A3CFAD331D4604CDF3B" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Clidicus cretaceus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described on the basis of a specimen found in the Lower Cretaceous Charentese (French) amber, and although illustrations given by authors show a beetle that very likely could be a true
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFE98A3CFB6C320C6593DF1E" authorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" authorityYear="1832" box="[1153,1246,1556,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE98A3CFB6C320C6593DF1E" box="[1153,1246,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Clidicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFE98A3CFAE6320C6425DF1E" authorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" authorityYear="1832" box="[1291,1384,1556,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE98A3CFAE6320C6425DF1E" box="[1291,1384,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Clidicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-like scydmaenine, it was described in a way that raises doubts about its placement. The metacoxae were described as contiguous and transverse, characters that do not occur in any Mastigitae, which all have broadly separated metacoxae which are longer than broad or with length subequal to width. The abdomen was described as having five ventrites, a character not known in any
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFE98A3CFD6632BC627CDF8E" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[651,817,1700,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Scydmaeninae">Scydmaeninae</taxonomicName>
, which always have six abdominal segments visible in ventral view, although in some genera the suture between sternites VII and VIII may be indistinct (but not in Mastigitae). Moreover, the specimen in lateral view was illustrated with an enormously large eye much closer to the posterior head margin than to the mandibular base, which, again, is a character not known in any Mastigitae; and the 'neck' region of
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFE98A3CFE4A332D637EDE7F" box="[423,563,1845,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cretaceus">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE98A3CFE4A332D637EDE7F" box="[423,563,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. cretaceus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was illustrated in profile as higher than the anterior part of the head capsule, which is a condition not known in
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFE98A3CFDCD334F6330DE43" authorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" authorityYear="1832" box="[544,637,1879,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE98A3CFDCD334F6330DE43" box="[544,637,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Clidicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in which the height of the 'neck' region seen in profile is smaller than the height of the anterior part of the head. Either the authors misinterpreted some characters, or this species does not belong in
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFE98A3CFED133B860AEDE8A" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[316,483,1952,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Scydmaeninae">Scydmaeninae</taxonomicName>
. These two species are treated here as
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE98A3CFC4133B96506DE8A" box="[940,1099,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">incertae sedis</emphasis>
, with
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFE98A3CFB7533B96458DE8A" authorityName="C. Schaufuss" authorityYear="1896" box="[1176,1301,1952,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balticus">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE98A3CFB7533B96458DE8A" box="[1176,1301,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. balticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
maintained within Mastigitae, and
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFE98A3CFE7433DD6369DEEF" box="[409,548,1989,2012]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clidicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cretaceus">
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE98A3CFE7433DD6369DEEF" box="[409,548,1989,2012]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. cretaceus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
being
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFE98A3CFD9D33DD6246DEEE" box="[624,779,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">incertae sedis</emphasis>
within
<taxonomicName id="6EC84D09FFE98A3CFC8D33DC6292DEEE" box="[864,991,1988,2013]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A977368AFFF68A23FF2A348F64D1D983" blockId="48.[151,1436,151,213]" box="[199,1436,151,176]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
All nominal extant species were adequately described or redescribed by
<bibRefCitation id="CD594B7BFFF68A23FBEC348F65F0D983" box="[1025,1213,151,176]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refId="ref51580" refString="BESUCHET, C. (1971) LES Clidicus dE CEYLON (COL. SCYdMAENIdAE). Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 43, 249 - 257." type="journal article">Besuchet (1971)</bibRefCitation>
, Jałoszyński (
<bibRefCitation id="CD594B7BFFF68A23FAB1348064D5D983" box="[1372,1432,152,176]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refId="ref52793" refString="JAlOSzYnSkI, P. (2009) Clidicus crocodylus N. SP. fROM MINdANAO, THE fIRST SPECIES Of THE MASTIGINAE fROM THE PHILIPPINES (COLEOPTERA: STAPHYLINIdAE: SCYdMAENINAE). Genus, Wroclaw, 20 (2), 203 - 207." type="journal article">2009</bibRefCitation>
,
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A977368AFFF68A23FF7A34A46284D9E6" blockId="48.[151,1436,151,213]" box="[151,969,188,213]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
2018), Jałoszyński
<emphasis id="9BBCEA98FFF68A23FE8334A560EBD9E6" box="[366,422,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">et al.</emphasis>
(2003), Orousset (2014), and Zhou &amp; Li (2015).
</paragraph>
</treatment>
</document>
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