348 lines
64 KiB
XML
348 lines
64 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1178.106101" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1178-61" ID-Pensoft-UUID="960341968099559B862738F56D02CC74" ID-ZooBank="5A97B2F593484F95AAC8D7E1A78E713E" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1178-61" checkinTime="1693642885421" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Gonzalez, Brett C., Conde-Vela, Victor M. & Osborn, Karen J." docDate="2023" docId="E274653B2D985C90AA2F70614B0FC839" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1178: 61-68" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1178" docPubDate="2023-09-01" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1178.106101" docTitle="Parahololepidella nuttingi Gonzalez & Conde-Vela & Osborn 2023, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="960341968099559B862738F56D02CC74" lastPageNumber="61" masterDocId="960341968099559B862738F56D02CC74" masterDocTitle="Synonymization of two, monotypic black-coral-commensal scale worm genera, Antipathipolyeunoa Pettibone, 1991 and Parahololepidella Pettibone, 1969 (Polynoidae, Aphroditiformia)" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="61" pageNumber="61" updateTime="1693642885421" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:titleInfo id="5D856831B65804987820533EDEFD4068">
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<mods:title id="722D162CFD9FE8E5746D0DE6C96A20CB">Synonymization of two, monotypic black-coral-commensal scale worm genera, Antipathipolyeunoa Pettibone, 1991 and Parahololepidella Pettibone, 1969 (Polynoidae, Aphroditiformia)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="A99357D41C4C5FBA80FF3BD519F3809D" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="1B0D790331824E2DE208B9AB2652F2ED">
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<mods:roleTerm id="BE19D71B341CE654002B168E6DCAA618">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="522ADB05508797C6D81435705E4DDF0F">Gonzalez, Brett C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0D3F6A4AB02FE82E422FEA46A86A112A">Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Invertebrate Zoology, P. O. Box 37012, Washington D. C., USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="99D5F6B8016D8A3425A9768684E4082D" type="email">gonzalezb@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="90DB728BCCF4E49C400532287AED71A5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="29783FD7550E5379B5504703F3ED3750">Conde-Vela, Victor M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="4C09A5E847B021158CB1C9A4AC80036C" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3964-5426</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="23FB3C003C1C15215CCF5C9E8D7C277C">Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Invertebrate Zoology, P. O. Box 37012, Washington D. C., USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="BAA134913B8C4FE1D56E0531C09F3200" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F9F6F0A55A66E8D88BFB6094D59C2EEF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="DC77962721FEC42AC42D6CD0624E5B4D">Osborn, Karen J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="EA4938A77C75EAEEEF66B28CDF34D06F" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4226-9257</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="82DB98F4BCF500645A4F0E206A574512">Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Invertebrate Zoology, P. O. Box 37012, Washington D. C., USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="EE7B9D6C15B60B3F7DA6B58EDB49C87A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="0FB093DF2302889CAFF4F8A3B7F7FB73">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="CF6E6F212FCF7C4CA444DB8F45D50CCB">
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<mods:date id="8AA88A124C375981406BEAEBA76ABFE7">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0A57B098964F28F11C6091271FA65D38">2023-09-01</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="CC6347CD00C8281D043BEB5EAE34CE8F">1178</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="9872C899DC0C1F719735F8CBB8EDFDFA">61</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="48CE82F47017EC9437B6F381BB0E3042">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1178.106101</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="FA916AAD8815AB6512309A32C276273B">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="5AE09A241B38B31ADCE266853DDD1C84" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1178.106101</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<subSection id="CD1C9ECE9286E7F277BA494EC4A822AC" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="systematics">
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<treatment id="E274653B2D985C90AA2F70614B0FC839" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E274653B2D985C90AA2F70614B0FC839" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E274653B2D985C90AA2F70614B0FC839" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
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<subSubSection id="DFD7F084616165D43C3F65D3296F1E7D" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="50F4AC63E36A13E6F67568A408A49E2F" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
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<taxonomicName id="7DEBDDAA492676A614316A1D58A39008" LSID="E274653B-2D98-5C90-AA2F-70614B0FC839" authority="(Pettibone, 1991)" authorityName="Gonzalez & Conde-Vela & Osborn" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Pettibone" baseAuthorityYear="1991" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Parahololepidella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parahololepidella nuttingi" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nuttingi" status="comb. nov.">Parahololepidella nuttingi (Pettibone, 1991)</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="8A7AE6AE5B1B5E85A2DB67416253ADAA" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7E2A7C9217E3744A00AF0AEAC10BA3F3" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="description">
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<paragraph id="EF5CDDFF3749FD8C05F5A74794A6F074" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
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<figureCitation id="8545F330D1B72052E627E020E309421D" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Parahololepidella nuttingi (Pettibone, 1991) comb. nov., holotype of Antipathipolyeunoa nuttingi USNM 80097 (A, D, F-J); paratype USNM 136587 (B, C, E) A, B whole specimens, dorsal view C dorsal view of middle segments showing variation in elytral distribution; white circles represent dorsal cirrophores and white triangles represent elytrophores D dorsolateral view of anterior with detail (inset) of left tentacular segment (segment 1) showing single chaeta E anterior end, dorsal view A, C-E specimens stained with Shirlastain A to observe morphology in detail F cirrigerous parapodia, ventral view, ventral cirri missing G chaetae from cirrigerous parapodium H notochaetae I distal end of supraacicular neurochaetae J tip of supraacicular neurochaeta with tooth-like protuberance indicated with black arrow. Abbreviations: dCp, dorsal cirrophores; dSt, dorsal style; neC, neurochaetae; noac, notoacicula; noC, notochaetae; SbP, subacicular process. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.5 mm (D, E); 0.2 mm (F); 50 μm (G); 20 μm (H, I); 5 μm (J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1178.106101.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/900051" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="15F1A74C25F1AF7D76400BB9CDD02E0A" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="B07CE8AE3826E1E93563FE14868C8AEC" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
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||
<taxonomicName id="E9CCA561F260363778A74214C56866D1" authorityName="Gonzalez & Conde-Vela & Osborn" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Gonzalez & Conde-Vela & Osborn" baseAuthorityYear="2023" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Antipathipolyeunoa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antipathipolyeunoa nuttingi" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nuttingi" status="comb. nov.">Antipathipolyeunoa nuttingi</taxonomicName>
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Pettibone, 1991: 716-719, figs 1, 2.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="40D6E12A4551726EED5F4B6A72A82DD9" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="BDC7B2641FFAAD20B02BE8D178A722E5" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EBE03305CB186FA5E95E6047D947922E" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
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||
<materialsCitation id="7B1B748FBB78784603BEBA3B4885A41F" collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" collectorName="CC Nutting, Barbados-Antigua Expedition" country="Barbados" elevation="91" location="Payne's Bay Church" municipality="Payne's Bay" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Holotype">
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||
<emphasis id="6BA6E0785DB6B4D37A077A4A615D526D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
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||
<emphasis id="438601363D6BA9EC4C6603801D2C44FD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
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<typeStatus id="F891DD9318004579002A2FE5CC97018B">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
</emphasis>
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.
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<collectingCountry id="F8AC8E388E5ACB1AB89739C1ED12A67E" name="Barbados">Barbados</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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● 1; Sta. 65, off
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<location id="3F344C6E3696594EA1A34D7DEE525461" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E274653B2D985C90AA2F70614B0FC839:3F344C6E3696594EA1A34D7DEE525461" country="Barbados" municipality="Payne's Bay" name="Payne's Bay Church">
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<collectingMunicipality id="DE5F12F6E28432AFE226D6C1B1DCE539">
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||
<normalizedToken id="54B90F8583F23C0F6BB6B497CBAE4884" originalValue="Payne’s">Payne's</normalizedToken>
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||
Bay
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||
</collectingMunicipality>
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||
Church
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||
</location>
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||
;
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||
<quantity id="61B879BDB0E36AB4BE46101B6B7168F3" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.1" unit="m" value="91.0">
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||
<elevation id="C076F50E8EFBB563EFCBF539CDC1CA16" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.1" unit="m" value="91.0">91 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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||
; 1918; collector
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<collectorName id="8310E1F7E42402034E0FC4EB688842B1">CC Nutting</collectorName>
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||
;
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<collectorName id="5A6188FED3236436A5436B40F6696E3D">Barbados-Antigua Expedition</collectorName>
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||
;
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||
<collectedFrom id="BF69864043522AE99CABD62FF2857E4C">
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||
on
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||
<taxonomicName id="6D1831DE4C122018CEF72152F5E28D0D" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antipathes tanacetum" order="Antipatharia" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tanacetum">
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<emphasis id="F38C0058C3D26FE90E233091EEEC4531" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Antipathes tanacetum</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</collectedFrom>
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||
(now
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<taxonomicName id="8D354E1F4B368BF9D70FBF0A5D5F5CD0" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2001" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Tanacetipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tanacetipathes" order="Antipatharia" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="E5D5D66119278697817CBB3B9C9874AC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Tanacetipathes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); USNM 80097
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="50515B69A20797A855E3FABCD3E698AA" collectingDate="1968-07-22" collectorName="V Pillsbury" country="Venezuela" elevation="112" location="Tortuga Island" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Paratypes">
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||
<emphasis id="7B64E87D0BF601AC43BA202C10BA8E09" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
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||
<emphasis id="DCB76914EDFF60BF74DC7D5D91934CC6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
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<typeStatus id="ECF5536B30184CCB31A1DB5389E777FB">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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||
</emphasis>
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.
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<collectingCountry id="599F0610EA283A24A94AE3716128D97B" name="Venezuela">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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● 3; Sta. 736, W of
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<location id="21ABF95F1FC164509A5B0793215FF7A9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E274653B2D985C90AA2F70614B0FC839:21ABF95F1FC164509A5B0793215FF7A9" country="Venezuela" name="Tortuga Island">Tortuga Island</location>
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; 10.95, -65.8667;
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||
<quantity id="8CDCF3D4D8DC77DED2C63A6B1ACCB42C" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1199999999999999" metricValueMax="1.55" metricValueMin="0.69" unit="m" value="112.0" valueMax="155.0" valueMin="69.0">
|
||
<elevation id="44EA9BF7BA1E4807FFCCAD77DAFA6490" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1199999999999999" metricValueMax="1.55" metricValueMin="0.69" unit="m" value="112.0" valueMax="155.0" valueMin="69.0">69-155 m</elevation>
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||
</quantity>
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||
;
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<collectingDate id="BD8F4947395455D7C7148C991F22E3F7" value="1968-07-22">22 July 1968</collectingDate>
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||
;
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||
<emphasis id="7C6F5423FEBC7BDA00960AD0B782ABA7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
|
||
R/
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||
<collectorName id="28A374511FC7221A0BAEF4F47827192A">V Pillsbury</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectedFrom id="D2850DB9E62FDEE082AFFBEBAE795700">
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="519AFF82AD929779FD67EB5A292C06C0" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antipathes tanacetum" order="Antipatharia" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tanacetum">
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||
<emphasis id="8CB8BD98598B655218AB9C56CD6CE040" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Antipathes tanacetum</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</collectedFrom>
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||
(now
|
||
<taxonomicName id="50EA4650B64612982CD8BD5F8DE944D0" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2001" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Tanacetipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tanacetipathes" order="Antipatharia" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DFEDC31FDA46F4FD77517544EFBF9497" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Tanacetipathes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
); USNM 136587
|
||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F19EE42BB72EBED749D78774F8E4FB5B" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="redescription">
|
||
<paragraph id="EBDD20EB39E4CD7C394A309CD8B45799" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Redescription</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="707A1588E7EC488815B1B542E5122B0A" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
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<emphasis id="609221344B73E2C8C3FB201AA15DF6D0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">(based on the holotype).</emphasis>
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Body with numerous segments,>80 (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="53924D28E0A588F9737BFADEF06775E8" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Parahololepidella nuttingi (Pettibone, 1991) comb. nov., holotype of Antipathipolyeunoa nuttingi USNM 80097 (A, D, F-J); paratype USNM 136587 (B, C, E) A, B whole specimens, dorsal view C dorsal view of middle segments showing variation in elytral distribution; white circles represent dorsal cirrophores and white triangles represent elytrophores D dorsolateral view of anterior with detail (inset) of left tentacular segment (segment 1) showing single chaeta E anterior end, dorsal view A, C-E specimens stained with Shirlastain A to observe morphology in detail F cirrigerous parapodia, ventral view, ventral cirri missing G chaetae from cirrigerous parapodium H notochaetae I distal end of supraacicular neurochaetae J tip of supraacicular neurochaeta with tooth-like protuberance indicated with black arrow. Abbreviations: dCp, dorsal cirrophores; dSt, dorsal style; neC, neurochaetae; noac, notoacicula; noC, notochaetae; SbP, subacicular process. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.5 mm (D, E); 0.2 mm (F); 50 μm (G); 20 μm (H, I); 5 μm (J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1178.106101.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/900051" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">1A, B</figureCitation>
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). Elytra numerous,>40 pairs. Paired elytra on segments 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 26, 29, 32, 33, 35, then alternating dorsal cirri and elytra until the end (holotype; Fig.
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||
<figureCitation id="4CEB8541F7CF7CF6B2DB52F0C01F4806" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Parahololepidella nuttingi (Pettibone, 1991) comb. nov., holotype of Antipathipolyeunoa nuttingi USNM 80097 (A, D, F-J); paratype USNM 136587 (B, C, E) A, B whole specimens, dorsal view C dorsal view of middle segments showing variation in elytral distribution; white circles represent dorsal cirrophores and white triangles represent elytrophores D dorsolateral view of anterior with detail (inset) of left tentacular segment (segment 1) showing single chaeta E anterior end, dorsal view A, C-E specimens stained with Shirlastain A to observe morphology in detail F cirrigerous parapodia, ventral view, ventral cirri missing G chaetae from cirrigerous parapodium H notochaetae I distal end of supraacicular neurochaetae J tip of supraacicular neurochaeta with tooth-like protuberance indicated with black arrow. Abbreviations: dCp, dorsal cirrophores; dSt, dorsal style; neC, neurochaetae; noac, notoacicula; noC, notochaetae; SbP, subacicular process. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.5 mm (D, E); 0.2 mm (F); 50 μm (G); 20 μm (H, I); 5 μm (J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1178.106101.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/900051" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">1A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Elytral variation present in posterior third of paratypes (see
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C584607E719ACA86FDFB30EA242E2F58" originalValue="“Variation”">"Variation"</normalizedToken>
|
||
below); elytron and dorsal cirrus may occur on same segment (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="C637862BFA692BE8E5D8AAD7D26BD843" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Parahololepidella nuttingi (Pettibone, 1991) comb. nov., holotype of Antipathipolyeunoa nuttingi USNM 80097 (A, D, F-J); paratype USNM 136587 (B, C, E) A, B whole specimens, dorsal view C dorsal view of middle segments showing variation in elytral distribution; white circles represent dorsal cirrophores and white triangles represent elytrophores D dorsolateral view of anterior with detail (inset) of left tentacular segment (segment 1) showing single chaeta E anterior end, dorsal view A, C-E specimens stained with Shirlastain A to observe morphology in detail F cirrigerous parapodia, ventral view, ventral cirri missing G chaetae from cirrigerous parapodium H notochaetae I distal end of supraacicular neurochaetae J tip of supraacicular neurochaeta with tooth-like protuberance indicated with black arrow. Abbreviations: dCp, dorsal cirrophores; dSt, dorsal style; neC, neurochaetae; noac, notoacicula; noC, notochaetae; SbP, subacicular process. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.5 mm (D, E); 0.2 mm (F); 50 μm (G); 20 μm (H, I); 5 μm (J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1178.106101.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/900051" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">1C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Elytra oval; margins and surface smooth; cover dorsum anteriorly; dorsum exposed on middle and posterior segments (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="85BD64DBBF61649BF727E7A26C3F14D8" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Parahololepidella nuttingi (Pettibone, 1991) comb. nov., holotype of Antipathipolyeunoa nuttingi USNM 80097 (A, D, F-J); paratype USNM 136587 (B, C, E) A, B whole specimens, dorsal view C dorsal view of middle segments showing variation in elytral distribution; white circles represent dorsal cirrophores and white triangles represent elytrophores D dorsolateral view of anterior with detail (inset) of left tentacular segment (segment 1) showing single chaeta E anterior end, dorsal view A, C-E specimens stained with Shirlastain A to observe morphology in detail F cirrigerous parapodia, ventral view, ventral cirri missing G chaetae from cirrigerous parapodium H notochaetae I distal end of supraacicular neurochaetae J tip of supraacicular neurochaeta with tooth-like protuberance indicated with black arrow. Abbreviations: dCp, dorsal cirrophores; dSt, dorsal style; neC, neurochaetae; noac, notoacicula; noC, notochaetae; SbP, subacicular process. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.5 mm (D, E); 0.2 mm (F); 50 μm (G); 20 μm (H, I); 5 μm (J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1178.106101.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/900051" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">1A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Elytrophores short; less pronounced than dorsal cirrophores. Dorsal tubercles inconspicuous. Dorsal cirrophores not extending beyond notopodia (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="1A577B7BFE685566575975510B2C336D" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Parahololepidella nuttingi (Pettibone, 1991) comb. nov., holotype of Antipathipolyeunoa nuttingi USNM 80097 (A, D, F-J); paratype USNM 136587 (B, C, E) A, B whole specimens, dorsal view C dorsal view of middle segments showing variation in elytral distribution; white circles represent dorsal cirrophores and white triangles represent elytrophores D dorsolateral view of anterior with detail (inset) of left tentacular segment (segment 1) showing single chaeta E anterior end, dorsal view A, C-E specimens stained with Shirlastain A to observe morphology in detail F cirrigerous parapodia, ventral view, ventral cirri missing G chaetae from cirrigerous parapodium H notochaetae I distal end of supraacicular neurochaetae J tip of supraacicular neurochaeta with tooth-like protuberance indicated with black arrow. Abbreviations: dCp, dorsal cirrophores; dSt, dorsal style; neC, neurochaetae; noac, notoacicula; noC, notochaetae; SbP, subacicular process. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.5 mm (D, E); 0.2 mm (F); 50 μm (G); 20 μm (H, I); 5 μm (J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1178.106101.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/900051" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">1F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorsal cirrostyles smooth, 5-6 times longer than parapodium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="9AAFC16B4417BD98ECE869AD7C68489D" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1178.106101.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/900051" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
|
||
<paragraph id="1F29380E7D158332F6A951BD4109EBC0" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="E614A75005D9EE2EF015B817D3F46D70" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Figure 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DFAFB74E692217A64F3AB1A5C78DBCA" authorityName="Gonzalez & Conde-Vela & Osborn" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Pettibone" baseAuthorityYear="1991" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Parahololepidella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parahololepidella nuttingi" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nuttingi">
|
||
<emphasis id="8ACFDAADE346835E8F48E3A7E1F074F8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Parahololepidella nuttingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Pettibone, 1991) comb. nov., holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="78AA9D5D2C1AC3825FCEBE6BA938994D" authorityName="Gonzalez & Conde-Vela & Osborn" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Gonzalez & Conde-Vela & Osborn" baseAuthorityYear="2023" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Antipathipolyeunoa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antipathipolyeunoa nuttingi" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nuttingi">
|
||
<emphasis id="0DA69E146F85DCF7536DDCC1900D0BA1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Antipathipolyeunoa nuttingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
USNM 80097 (
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AC4B2221C786BB0E333EFC2906604F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">A, D, F-J</emphasis>
|
||
); paratype USNM 136587 (
|
||
<emphasis id="4C05BA0F24A58142A460E61330A90B96" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">B, C, E</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="4A8629E091886B0C7A710B4F64B33352" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">A, B</emphasis>
|
||
whole specimens, dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis id="352D36F52CAD450C9B8D09344152982E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">C</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view of middle segments showing variation in elytral distribution; white circles represent dorsal cirrophores and white triangles represent elytrophores
|
||
<emphasis id="C72FD4BB64FC6853754C6EA0BB0C8478" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">D</emphasis>
|
||
dorsolateral view of anterior with detail (inset) of left tentacular segment (segment 1) showing single chaeta
|
||
<emphasis id="30F32FBBE77539DFC91652247885271D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">E</emphasis>
|
||
anterior end, dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis id="330D110ED7564BA6C94934AEBFAFD71F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">A, C-E</emphasis>
|
||
specimens stained with Shirlastain A to observe morphology in detail
|
||
<emphasis id="790F3C14C845ACE396A467756085C1BF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">F</emphasis>
|
||
cirrigerous parapodia, ventral view, ventral cirri missing
|
||
<emphasis id="F653C7831B448E1FA7A5B5545E8CCBE5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">G</emphasis>
|
||
chaetae from cirrigerous parapodium
|
||
<emphasis id="7015C3120A44C78960E1241639AA3D83" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">H</emphasis>
|
||
notochaetae
|
||
<emphasis id="B1739365819442854A8BFE4E7E1B23F5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">I</emphasis>
|
||
distal end of supraacicular neurochaetae
|
||
<emphasis id="1F364DF9E180C18FDC9BFAC3B28E36A6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">J</emphasis>
|
||
tip of supraacicular neurochaeta with tooth-like protuberance indicated with black arrow. Abbreviations: dCp, dorsal cirrophores; dSt, dorsal style; neC, neurochaetae; noac, notoacicula; noC, notochaetae; SbP, subacicular process. Scale bars: 1 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="826F0733E5DF03DED061428ED2BA6F73" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">A-C</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.5 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="EA5874D53C6BCC5D43714B7243E97695" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">D, E</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.2 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="76F97F78C617E5E3BD23F80898507813" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">F</emphasis>
|
||
); 50
|
||
<normalizedToken id="3D49632FD0646A4B608A1B4196462468" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B7825DD41AC7D8CB552433C7852EF6F7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">G</emphasis>
|
||
); 20
|
||
<normalizedToken id="58397802FF6B56326959B1B9F6EFE0AF" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="08669CEAAA14A851CED54D092715B8D3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">H, I</emphasis>
|
||
); 5
|
||
<normalizedToken id="5ABB8353A05F53BC8DE86335F45B608C" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="06970867BF0C984B7A6BA38B0ECAF251" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">J</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE79BEC8C011AE2C120BDE11989A73D0" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
|
||
Prostomium bilobed; anterior notch shallow (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="B66CDD213F415A739667BE29BF27B357" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Parahololepidella nuttingi (Pettibone, 1991) comb. nov., holotype of Antipathipolyeunoa nuttingi USNM 80097 (A, D, F-J); paratype USNM 136587 (B, C, E) A, B whole specimens, dorsal view C dorsal view of middle segments showing variation in elytral distribution; white circles represent dorsal cirrophores and white triangles represent elytrophores D dorsolateral view of anterior with detail (inset) of left tentacular segment (segment 1) showing single chaeta E anterior end, dorsal view A, C-E specimens stained with Shirlastain A to observe morphology in detail F cirrigerous parapodia, ventral view, ventral cirri missing G chaetae from cirrigerous parapodium H notochaetae I distal end of supraacicular neurochaetae J tip of supraacicular neurochaeta with tooth-like protuberance indicated with black arrow. Abbreviations: dCp, dorsal cirrophores; dSt, dorsal style; neC, neurochaetae; noac, notoacicula; noC, notochaetae; SbP, subacicular process. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.5 mm (D, E); 0.2 mm (F); 50 μm (G); 20 μm (H, I); 5 μm (J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1178.106101.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/900051" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">1D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Cephalic peaks prominent, subtriangular, as continuous extension of the prostomium, equal width to median antenna ceratophore (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="55FE1680D31C79D86381D532F1F9374F" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Parahololepidella nuttingi (Pettibone, 1991) comb. nov., holotype of Antipathipolyeunoa nuttingi USNM 80097 (A, D, F-J); paratype USNM 136587 (B, C, E) A, B whole specimens, dorsal view C dorsal view of middle segments showing variation in elytral distribution; white circles represent dorsal cirrophores and white triangles represent elytrophores D dorsolateral view of anterior with detail (inset) of left tentacular segment (segment 1) showing single chaeta E anterior end, dorsal view A, C-E specimens stained with Shirlastain A to observe morphology in detail F cirrigerous parapodia, ventral view, ventral cirri missing G chaetae from cirrigerous parapodium H notochaetae I distal end of supraacicular neurochaetae J tip of supraacicular neurochaeta with tooth-like protuberance indicated with black arrow. Abbreviations: dCp, dorsal cirrophores; dSt, dorsal style; neC, neurochaetae; noac, notoacicula; noC, notochaetae; SbP, subacicular process. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.5 mm (D, E); 0.2 mm (F); 50 μm (G); 20 μm (H, I); 5 μm (J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1178.106101.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/900051" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">1D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Median antenna in anterior notch (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="742D3B603A41A7F253A6D22B775813E1" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Parahololepidella nuttingi (Pettibone, 1991) comb. nov., holotype of Antipathipolyeunoa nuttingi USNM 80097 (A, D, F-J); paratype USNM 136587 (B, C, E) A, B whole specimens, dorsal view C dorsal view of middle segments showing variation in elytral distribution; white circles represent dorsal cirrophores and white triangles represent elytrophores D dorsolateral view of anterior with detail (inset) of left tentacular segment (segment 1) showing single chaeta E anterior end, dorsal view A, C-E specimens stained with Shirlastain A to observe morphology in detail F cirrigerous parapodia, ventral view, ventral cirri missing G chaetae from cirrigerous parapodium H notochaetae I distal end of supraacicular neurochaetae J tip of supraacicular neurochaeta with tooth-like protuberance indicated with black arrow. Abbreviations: dCp, dorsal cirrophores; dSt, dorsal style; neC, neurochaetae; noac, notoacicula; noC, notochaetae; SbP, subacicular process. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.5 mm (D, E); 0.2 mm (F); 50 μm (G); 20 μm (H, I); 5 μm (J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1178.106101.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/900051" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">1D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
); ceratophore short, bulbous with smooth ceratostyle, roughly three times the width of the prostomium. Lateral antennae inserted subterminally; ceratophores distinct (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="083E2D97007CAF1FCBC7DBEC8844E2DB" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Parahololepidella nuttingi (Pettibone, 1991) comb. nov., holotype of Antipathipolyeunoa nuttingi USNM 80097 (A, D, F-J); paratype USNM 136587 (B, C, E) A, B whole specimens, dorsal view C dorsal view of middle segments showing variation in elytral distribution; white circles represent dorsal cirrophores and white triangles represent elytrophores D dorsolateral view of anterior with detail (inset) of left tentacular segment (segment 1) showing single chaeta E anterior end, dorsal view A, C-E specimens stained with Shirlastain A to observe morphology in detail F cirrigerous parapodia, ventral view, ventral cirri missing G chaetae from cirrigerous parapodium H notochaetae I distal end of supraacicular neurochaetae J tip of supraacicular neurochaeta with tooth-like protuberance indicated with black arrow. Abbreviations: dCp, dorsal cirrophores; dSt, dorsal style; neC, neurochaetae; noac, notoacicula; noC, notochaetae; SbP, subacicular process. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.5 mm (D, E); 0.2 mm (F); 50 μm (G); 20 μm (H, I); 5 μm (J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1178.106101.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/900051" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">1D</figureCitation>
|
||
); styles shorter than palps. Palps short, stout, ~1.5 times the width of the prostomium (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="121CFDB7B680BBE4F9BA6FC1A482DC7B" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Parahololepidella nuttingi (Pettibone, 1991) comb. nov., holotype of Antipathipolyeunoa nuttingi USNM 80097 (A, D, F-J); paratype USNM 136587 (B, C, E) A, B whole specimens, dorsal view C dorsal view of middle segments showing variation in elytral distribution; white circles represent dorsal cirrophores and white triangles represent elytrophores D dorsolateral view of anterior with detail (inset) of left tentacular segment (segment 1) showing single chaeta E anterior end, dorsal view A, C-E specimens stained with Shirlastain A to observe morphology in detail F cirrigerous parapodia, ventral view, ventral cirri missing G chaetae from cirrigerous parapodium H notochaetae I distal end of supraacicular neurochaetae J tip of supraacicular neurochaeta with tooth-like protuberance indicated with black arrow. Abbreviations: dCp, dorsal cirrophores; dSt, dorsal style; neC, neurochaetae; noac, notoacicula; noC, notochaetae; SbP, subacicular process. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.5 mm (D, E); 0.2 mm (F); 50 μm (G); 20 μm (H, I); 5 μm (J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1178.106101.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/900051" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">1B, D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Two pairs of eyes; large, laterally positioned. Tentacular segment (segment 1) not visible dorsally (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="D040F6D5D10ADC186209889C94227D8C" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Parahololepidella nuttingi (Pettibone, 1991) comb. nov., holotype of Antipathipolyeunoa nuttingi USNM 80097 (A, D, F-J); paratype USNM 136587 (B, C, E) A, B whole specimens, dorsal view C dorsal view of middle segments showing variation in elytral distribution; white circles represent dorsal cirrophores and white triangles represent elytrophores D dorsolateral view of anterior with detail (inset) of left tentacular segment (segment 1) showing single chaeta E anterior end, dorsal view A, C-E specimens stained with Shirlastain A to observe morphology in detail F cirrigerous parapodia, ventral view, ventral cirri missing G chaetae from cirrigerous parapodium H notochaetae I distal end of supraacicular neurochaetae J tip of supraacicular neurochaeta with tooth-like protuberance indicated with black arrow. Abbreviations: dCp, dorsal cirrophores; dSt, dorsal style; neC, neurochaetae; noac, notoacicula; noC, notochaetae; SbP, subacicular process. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.5 mm (D, E); 0.2 mm (F); 50 μm (G); 20 μm (H, I); 5 μm (J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1178.106101.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/900051" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">1E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorsal tentacular cirri longer than ventral tentacular cirri. Tentaculophores lateral to prostomium, with single chaeta (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="42972E1D6F3E3C88186567472AEE75A4" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Parahololepidella nuttingi (Pettibone, 1991) comb. nov., holotype of Antipathipolyeunoa nuttingi USNM 80097 (A, D, F-J); paratype USNM 136587 (B, C, E) A, B whole specimens, dorsal view C dorsal view of middle segments showing variation in elytral distribution; white circles represent dorsal cirrophores and white triangles represent elytrophores D dorsolateral view of anterior with detail (inset) of left tentacular segment (segment 1) showing single chaeta E anterior end, dorsal view A, C-E specimens stained with Shirlastain A to observe morphology in detail F cirrigerous parapodia, ventral view, ventral cirri missing G chaetae from cirrigerous parapodium H notochaetae I distal end of supraacicular neurochaetae J tip of supraacicular neurochaeta with tooth-like protuberance indicated with black arrow. Abbreviations: dCp, dorsal cirrophores; dSt, dorsal style; neC, neurochaetae; noac, notoacicula; noC, notochaetae; SbP, subacicular process. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.5 mm (D, E); 0.2 mm (F); 50 μm (G); 20 μm (H, I); 5 μm (J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1178.106101.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/900051" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">1D</figureCitation>
|
||
, inset); tentacular styles smooth. Facial tubercle oblong, with smooth rounded margins. Segment 2 (buccal segment) with first pair of elytra and biramous parapodia; nuchal fold absent. Buccal cirri longer than following ventral cirri. Dorsal cirri from segment 3.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CAE3C3B99B8189EFA2DC305A29A06E7C" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
|
||
Parapodia subbiramous. Notopodia reduced, with subconical lobe (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="748662E0152AD462955AB8CF87DB9BAB" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Parahololepidella nuttingi (Pettibone, 1991) comb. nov., holotype of Antipathipolyeunoa nuttingi USNM 80097 (A, D, F-J); paratype USNM 136587 (B, C, E) A, B whole specimens, dorsal view C dorsal view of middle segments showing variation in elytral distribution; white circles represent dorsal cirrophores and white triangles represent elytrophores D dorsolateral view of anterior with detail (inset) of left tentacular segment (segment 1) showing single chaeta E anterior end, dorsal view A, C-E specimens stained with Shirlastain A to observe morphology in detail F cirrigerous parapodia, ventral view, ventral cirri missing G chaetae from cirrigerous parapodium H notochaetae I distal end of supraacicular neurochaetae J tip of supraacicular neurochaeta with tooth-like protuberance indicated with black arrow. Abbreviations: dCp, dorsal cirrophores; dSt, dorsal style; neC, neurochaetae; noac, notoacicula; noC, notochaetae; SbP, subacicular process. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.5 mm (D, E); 0.2 mm (F); 50 μm (G); 20 μm (H, I); 5 μm (J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1178.106101.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/900051" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">1F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Neuropodia broad; subconical prechaetal lobe longer than postchaetal lobe, with digitiform subacicular process (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="0ECCB72754BA5699682F4673093AE84A" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Parahololepidella nuttingi (Pettibone, 1991) comb. nov., holotype of Antipathipolyeunoa nuttingi USNM 80097 (A, D, F-J); paratype USNM 136587 (B, C, E) A, B whole specimens, dorsal view C dorsal view of middle segments showing variation in elytral distribution; white circles represent dorsal cirrophores and white triangles represent elytrophores D dorsolateral view of anterior with detail (inset) of left tentacular segment (segment 1) showing single chaeta E anterior end, dorsal view A, C-E specimens stained with Shirlastain A to observe morphology in detail F cirrigerous parapodia, ventral view, ventral cirri missing G chaetae from cirrigerous parapodium H notochaetae I distal end of supraacicular neurochaetae J tip of supraacicular neurochaeta with tooth-like protuberance indicated with black arrow. Abbreviations: dCp, dorsal cirrophores; dSt, dorsal style; neC, neurochaetae; noac, notoacicula; noC, notochaetae; SbP, subacicular process. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.5 mm (D, E); 0.2 mm (F); 50 μm (G); 20 μm (H, I); 5 μm (J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1178.106101.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/900051" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">1F, G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Noto- and neuroacicula penetrating epidermis on some segments (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="CE087D5747838CB7E990BDB13EFB062F" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Parahololepidella nuttingi (Pettibone, 1991) comb. nov., holotype of Antipathipolyeunoa nuttingi USNM 80097 (A, D, F-J); paratype USNM 136587 (B, C, E) A, B whole specimens, dorsal view C dorsal view of middle segments showing variation in elytral distribution; white circles represent dorsal cirrophores and white triangles represent elytrophores D dorsolateral view of anterior with detail (inset) of left tentacular segment (segment 1) showing single chaeta E anterior end, dorsal view A, C-E specimens stained with Shirlastain A to observe morphology in detail F cirrigerous parapodia, ventral view, ventral cirri missing G chaetae from cirrigerous parapodium H notochaetae I distal end of supraacicular neurochaetae J tip of supraacicular neurochaeta with tooth-like protuberance indicated with black arrow. Abbreviations: dCp, dorsal cirrophores; dSt, dorsal style; neC, neurochaetae; noac, notoacicula; noC, notochaetae; SbP, subacicular process. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.5 mm (D, E); 0.2 mm (F); 50 μm (G); 20 μm (H, I); 5 μm (J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1178.106101.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/900051" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">1F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Notochaetae few (9-2) (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="99268E6732E71865EF48B24FFF1298DA" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Parahololepidella nuttingi (Pettibone, 1991) comb. nov., holotype of Antipathipolyeunoa nuttingi USNM 80097 (A, D, F-J); paratype USNM 136587 (B, C, E) A, B whole specimens, dorsal view C dorsal view of middle segments showing variation in elytral distribution; white circles represent dorsal cirrophores and white triangles represent elytrophores D dorsolateral view of anterior with detail (inset) of left tentacular segment (segment 1) showing single chaeta E anterior end, dorsal view A, C-E specimens stained with Shirlastain A to observe morphology in detail F cirrigerous parapodia, ventral view, ventral cirri missing G chaetae from cirrigerous parapodium H notochaetae I distal end of supraacicular neurochaetae J tip of supraacicular neurochaeta with tooth-like protuberance indicated with black arrow. Abbreviations: dCp, dorsal cirrophores; dSt, dorsal style; neC, neurochaetae; noac, notoacicula; noC, notochaetae; SbP, subacicular process. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.5 mm (D, E); 0.2 mm (F); 50 μm (G); 20 μm (H, I); 5 μm (J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1178.106101.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/900051" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">1F</figureCitation>
|
||
), decreasing posteriorly, less stout than neurochaetae (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="8284C3654AA10A779B281523E8AA3447" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Parahololepidella nuttingi (Pettibone, 1991) comb. nov., holotype of Antipathipolyeunoa nuttingi USNM 80097 (A, D, F-J); paratype USNM 136587 (B, C, E) A, B whole specimens, dorsal view C dorsal view of middle segments showing variation in elytral distribution; white circles represent dorsal cirrophores and white triangles represent elytrophores D dorsolateral view of anterior with detail (inset) of left tentacular segment (segment 1) showing single chaeta E anterior end, dorsal view A, C-E specimens stained with Shirlastain A to observe morphology in detail F cirrigerous parapodia, ventral view, ventral cirri missing G chaetae from cirrigerous parapodium H notochaetae I distal end of supraacicular neurochaetae J tip of supraacicular neurochaeta with tooth-like protuberance indicated with black arrow. Abbreviations: dCp, dorsal cirrophores; dSt, dorsal style; neC, neurochaetae; noac, notoacicula; noC, notochaetae; SbP, subacicular process. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.5 mm (D, E); 0.2 mm (F); 50 μm (G); 20 μm (H, I); 5 μm (J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1178.106101.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/900051" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">1G, H</figureCitation>
|
||
). Neurochaetae few (12-6) (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="2C37D960C8B64C6F99D1C4EEC562EE26" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Parahololepidella nuttingi (Pettibone, 1991) comb. nov., holotype of Antipathipolyeunoa nuttingi USNM 80097 (A, D, F-J); paratype USNM 136587 (B, C, E) A, B whole specimens, dorsal view C dorsal view of middle segments showing variation in elytral distribution; white circles represent dorsal cirrophores and white triangles represent elytrophores D dorsolateral view of anterior with detail (inset) of left tentacular segment (segment 1) showing single chaeta E anterior end, dorsal view A, C-E specimens stained with Shirlastain A to observe morphology in detail F cirrigerous parapodia, ventral view, ventral cirri missing G chaetae from cirrigerous parapodium H notochaetae I distal end of supraacicular neurochaetae J tip of supraacicular neurochaeta with tooth-like protuberance indicated with black arrow. Abbreviations: dCp, dorsal cirrophores; dSt, dorsal style; neC, neurochaetae; noac, notoacicula; noC, notochaetae; SbP, subacicular process. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.5 mm (D, E); 0.2 mm (F); 50 μm (G); 20 μm (H, I); 5 μm (J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1178.106101.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/900051" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">1F, G</figureCitation>
|
||
), more numerous in middle segments; shafts smooth (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="01058CAEC0FE0E8240EE1CCA75D3CE4A" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Parahololepidella nuttingi (Pettibone, 1991) comb. nov., holotype of Antipathipolyeunoa nuttingi USNM 80097 (A, D, F-J); paratype USNM 136587 (B, C, E) A, B whole specimens, dorsal view C dorsal view of middle segments showing variation in elytral distribution; white circles represent dorsal cirrophores and white triangles represent elytrophores D dorsolateral view of anterior with detail (inset) of left tentacular segment (segment 1) showing single chaeta E anterior end, dorsal view A, C-E specimens stained with Shirlastain A to observe morphology in detail F cirrigerous parapodia, ventral view, ventral cirri missing G chaetae from cirrigerous parapodium H notochaetae I distal end of supraacicular neurochaetae J tip of supraacicular neurochaeta with tooth-like protuberance indicated with black arrow. Abbreviations: dCp, dorsal cirrophores; dSt, dorsal style; neC, neurochaetae; noac, notoacicula; noC, notochaetae; SbP, subacicular process. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.5 mm (D, E); 0.2 mm (F); 50 μm (G); 20 μm (H, I); 5 μm (J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1178.106101.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/900051" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">1G</figureCitation>
|
||
); faint spinous rows distally (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="3CC7FB147D7551035703B6E09F1B813C" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Parahololepidella nuttingi (Pettibone, 1991) comb. nov., holotype of Antipathipolyeunoa nuttingi USNM 80097 (A, D, F-J); paratype USNM 136587 (B, C, E) A, B whole specimens, dorsal view C dorsal view of middle segments showing variation in elytral distribution; white circles represent dorsal cirrophores and white triangles represent elytrophores D dorsolateral view of anterior with detail (inset) of left tentacular segment (segment 1) showing single chaeta E anterior end, dorsal view A, C-E specimens stained with Shirlastain A to observe morphology in detail F cirrigerous parapodia, ventral view, ventral cirri missing G chaetae from cirrigerous parapodium H notochaetae I distal end of supraacicular neurochaetae J tip of supraacicular neurochaeta with tooth-like protuberance indicated with black arrow. Abbreviations: dCp, dorsal cirrophores; dSt, dorsal style; neC, neurochaetae; noac, notoacicula; noC, notochaetae; SbP, subacicular process. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.5 mm (D, E); 0.2 mm (F); 50 μm (G); 20 μm (H, I); 5 μm (J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1178.106101.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/900051" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">1I</figureCitation>
|
||
); tips falcate, 4-7 times longer than wide (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="B7EEFCA3EBACDA579C61FE5A7E8E4E42" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Parahololepidella nuttingi (Pettibone, 1991) comb. nov., holotype of Antipathipolyeunoa nuttingi USNM 80097 (A, D, F-J); paratype USNM 136587 (B, C, E) A, B whole specimens, dorsal view C dorsal view of middle segments showing variation in elytral distribution; white circles represent dorsal cirrophores and white triangles represent elytrophores D dorsolateral view of anterior with detail (inset) of left tentacular segment (segment 1) showing single chaeta E anterior end, dorsal view A, C-E specimens stained with Shirlastain A to observe morphology in detail F cirrigerous parapodia, ventral view, ventral cirri missing G chaetae from cirrigerous parapodium H notochaetae I distal end of supraacicular neurochaetae J tip of supraacicular neurochaeta with tooth-like protuberance indicated with black arrow. Abbreviations: dCp, dorsal cirrophores; dSt, dorsal style; neC, neurochaetae; noac, notoacicula; noC, notochaetae; SbP, subacicular process. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.5 mm (D, E); 0.2 mm (F); 50 μm (G); 20 μm (H, I); 5 μm (J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1178.106101.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/900051" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">1G, I</figureCitation>
|
||
), occasionally with small, tooth-like protuberance (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="4B628B6B871F2CD4E1DDD7C01FBD785E" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Parahololepidella nuttingi (Pettibone, 1991) comb. nov., holotype of Antipathipolyeunoa nuttingi USNM 80097 (A, D, F-J); paratype USNM 136587 (B, C, E) A, B whole specimens, dorsal view C dorsal view of middle segments showing variation in elytral distribution; white circles represent dorsal cirrophores and white triangles represent elytrophores D dorsolateral view of anterior with detail (inset) of left tentacular segment (segment 1) showing single chaeta E anterior end, dorsal view A, C-E specimens stained with Shirlastain A to observe morphology in detail F cirrigerous parapodia, ventral view, ventral cirri missing G chaetae from cirrigerous parapodium H notochaetae I distal end of supraacicular neurochaetae J tip of supraacicular neurochaeta with tooth-like protuberance indicated with black arrow. Abbreviations: dCp, dorsal cirrophores; dSt, dorsal style; neC, neurochaetae; noac, notoacicula; noC, notochaetae; SbP, subacicular process. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.5 mm (D, E); 0.2 mm (F); 50 μm (G); 20 μm (H, I); 5 μm (J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1178.106101.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/900051" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">1J</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ventral cirri from segment 3, smooth, longer than neuropodium in anterior segments, becoming subequal in length posteriorly. Pygidium rounded. Anus terminal. Anal cirri long, equal in length of last five segments. Nephridial papillae present from segment 6.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6B008241373E5A26975F9B33B072DFF8" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="4661F338CB64E4264173D839D561F147" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Measurements.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="58B5169E1A2835423258DF08B196A9AD" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Fixed holotype 21.5 mm long, 2.2 mm wide excluding chaetae, 83 segments. The three paratypes (USNM 136587) consist of one posteriorly incomplete specimen, two additional anterior ends, and several middle and posterior fragments. It was only possible to trace one of the two shorter anterior fragments to their respective remaining body fragments. Longest anterior paratype fragment, 24.5 mm long, 2 mm wide excluding chaetae, 85 segments. Reconstructed paratype, 25 mm long, 2.3 mm wide excluding chaetae, 102 segments. Shortest anterior paratype fragment, 5.7 mm long, 1.5 mm wide excluding chaetae, 25 segments.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D1D75B864C9F9CD0384FD789C9F7C492" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="variation">
|
||
<paragraph id="ABF0733B899425FCB01942810D4DEE75" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Variation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9244492907C612288FE71D8D10B93345" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
|
||
Pigmentation is present in all specimens, present along the midline of the dorsum, with wider bands of pigment present in the paratypes (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="F6FEB91189A839E28C2F86EDFF8DBB32" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Parahololepidella nuttingi (Pettibone, 1991) comb. nov., holotype of Antipathipolyeunoa nuttingi USNM 80097 (A, D, F-J); paratype USNM 136587 (B, C, E) A, B whole specimens, dorsal view C dorsal view of middle segments showing variation in elytral distribution; white circles represent dorsal cirrophores and white triangles represent elytrophores D dorsolateral view of anterior with detail (inset) of left tentacular segment (segment 1) showing single chaeta E anterior end, dorsal view A, C-E specimens stained with Shirlastain A to observe morphology in detail F cirrigerous parapodia, ventral view, ventral cirri missing G chaetae from cirrigerous parapodium H notochaetae I distal end of supraacicular neurochaetae J tip of supraacicular neurochaeta with tooth-like protuberance indicated with black arrow. Abbreviations: dCp, dorsal cirrophores; dSt, dorsal style; neC, neurochaetae; noac, notoacicula; noC, notochaetae; SbP, subacicular process. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.5 mm (D, E); 0.2 mm (F); 50 μm (G); 20 μm (H, I); 5 μm (J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1178.106101.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/900051" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">1B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Additional pigmentation occurs on the cirrophores (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="D7227D92684919D66D28AA4BD4D24F84" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Parahololepidella nuttingi (Pettibone, 1991) comb. nov., holotype of Antipathipolyeunoa nuttingi USNM 80097 (A, D, F-J); paratype USNM 136587 (B, C, E) A, B whole specimens, dorsal view C dorsal view of middle segments showing variation in elytral distribution; white circles represent dorsal cirrophores and white triangles represent elytrophores D dorsolateral view of anterior with detail (inset) of left tentacular segment (segment 1) showing single chaeta E anterior end, dorsal view A, C-E specimens stained with Shirlastain A to observe morphology in detail F cirrigerous parapodia, ventral view, ventral cirri missing G chaetae from cirrigerous parapodium H notochaetae I distal end of supraacicular neurochaetae J tip of supraacicular neurochaeta with tooth-like protuberance indicated with black arrow. Abbreviations: dCp, dorsal cirrophores; dSt, dorsal style; neC, neurochaetae; noac, notoacicula; noC, notochaetae; SbP, subacicular process. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.5 mm (D, E); 0.2 mm (F); 50 μm (G); 20 μm (H, I); 5 μm (J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1178.106101.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/900051" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">1B</figureCitation>
|
||
), but it is otherwise completely lacking (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="B4ED416A9E43DB5C08DBF3EC34150F39" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Parahololepidella nuttingi (Pettibone, 1991) comb. nov., holotype of Antipathipolyeunoa nuttingi USNM 80097 (A, D, F-J); paratype USNM 136587 (B, C, E) A, B whole specimens, dorsal view C dorsal view of middle segments showing variation in elytral distribution; white circles represent dorsal cirrophores and white triangles represent elytrophores D dorsolateral view of anterior with detail (inset) of left tentacular segment (segment 1) showing single chaeta E anterior end, dorsal view A, C-E specimens stained with Shirlastain A to observe morphology in detail F cirrigerous parapodia, ventral view, ventral cirri missing G chaetae from cirrigerous parapodium H notochaetae I distal end of supraacicular neurochaetae J tip of supraacicular neurochaeta with tooth-like protuberance indicated with black arrow. Abbreviations: dCp, dorsal cirrophores; dSt, dorsal style; neC, neurochaetae; noac, notoacicula; noC, notochaetae; SbP, subacicular process. Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.5 mm (D, E); 0.2 mm (F); 50 μm (G); 20 μm (H, I); 5 μm (J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1178.106101.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/900051" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">1B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Of the two nearly complete paratypes, the elytral distribution patterns are as follows:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="424CF5E8B6ED3A821B1304079E343163" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Paratype 1.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0E3A917E2129C5B46196A027CE3FB197" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">R: 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 26, 29, 32, 33, 35, 37, 38, 41, 43, 45, 47, 49, 52, 54, 56, 59, 61, 63, 65, 67, 69, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, 83, 85</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="492A2166288B956CF86DECD8C1AE48DF" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">L: 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 26, 29, 32, 34, 36, 38, 41, 43, 45, 47, 49, 51, 53, 55, 56, 58, 59, 60, 62, 63, 65, 67, 69, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, 83, 85</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5DC9A9CDC2A9447DEF2F8E054E8723FC" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Paratype 2.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="ACC0A7F771D9A3EB7588E8BF31275DF8" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">R: 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 26, 29, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 46, 47, 50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 60, 62, 64, 66, 86, 70, 72, 74, 76, 80, 82, 84, 86, 88, 90, 92, 94, 96, 98, 100, 102.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="33412A45B9B45F63CA7CA5652ACA6446" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">L: 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 26, 29, 32, 33, 35, 37, 39, 41, 43, 45, 47, 49, 50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 60, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74, 76, 80, 82, 84, 86, 88, 90, 92, 94, 96, 98, 100, 102.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="45895A20051389C74F1BBD4921170FF4" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph id="CFA904286867D359BA9ED3632E336DB5" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C02923275EA3FD80733053AA3832E4C0" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
|
||
The current diagnosis mostly agrees with that of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="596DB2B47A0DFA307BD4D916F5E3AAC4" author="Pettibone, MH" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" pagination="714 - 726" refId="B10" refString="Pettibone, MH, 1991. Polynoid polychaetes commensal with antipatharian corals. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 104: 714 - 726" title="Polynoid polychaetes commensal with antipatharian corals." volume="104" year="1991">Pettibone (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
but differs on the presence of chaetae on the tentacular segment (for both holotype and paratypes), and for the irregular distribution pattern of elytra found posteriorly in the paratypes. The holotype only varies from the paratypes in the elytral variation and pigmentation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="27EE167B05BA07713D26A66B3E47397D" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5C2DF16D25E018E0F5C6A38C7F50A525" authorityName="Gonzalez & Conde-Vela & Osborn" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Pettibone" baseAuthorityYear="1991" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Parahololepidella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parahololepidella nuttingi" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nuttingi">
|
||
<emphasis id="44A23395BF8D018EABEE925A1F45C89F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Parahololepidella nuttingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
comb. nov. is very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F67E4B3E5155D527E519AE99EDD757C" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. greeffi" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="greeffi">
|
||
<emphasis id="9C4F4818ADC2493FF1598DABE8521137" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">P. greeffi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but can be differentiated as follows. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2A44E9AA9E1773E6039D4DF9B7A12F4B" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. nuttingi" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nuttingi">
|
||
<emphasis id="456F512EA26F36F84FC8A63477213242" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">P. nuttingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the dorsal cirrophores are shorter than the notopodium in middle segments, whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56DCAB9CA37DAC958DB7F19BFBD90486" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. greeffi" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="greeffi">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC7BE161C7ED1490F111C5A4BA715BCD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">P. greeffi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the dorsal cirrophores surpass the notopodium (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DF43C2D911A6AD09D7270A2E28CAE330" author="Pettibone, MH" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" pagination="714 - 726" refId="B10" refString="Pettibone, MH, 1991. Polynoid polychaetes commensal with antipatharian corals. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 104: 714 - 726" title="Polynoid polychaetes commensal with antipatharian corals." volume="104" year="1991">Pettibone (1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 1G) and (1969, fig. 4C), respectively). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82CD22FF05CD2F05991BC52332876941" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. nuttingi" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nuttingi">
|
||
<emphasis id="65CA893E82059C6716660B4485439DD5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">P. nuttingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the neurochaetae have falcate tips 4-7 times longer than wide, whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0139F37B8D284B207BFEDBAE65914A20" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. greeffi" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="greeffi">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0085A82E70074912EA481F1F82881D7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">P. greeffi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the falcate tips are only 2-3 times longer than wide. And finally, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64E4609CA9B00D538CBCB95343117FDB" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. nuttingi" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nuttingi">
|
||
<emphasis id="6DCA876903BC9298E919101B7361455F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">P. nuttingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, when present, the tooth-like protuberance on the falcate tips of the neurochaetae are small (easily overlooked), whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="24D8DBA26BD9FF404A6219989AE7694C" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. greeffi" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="greeffi">
|
||
<emphasis id="6255EFD4EDEEC975899596AA4D6A04BB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">P. greeffi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the tooth-like structures are larger when present, giving them almost a bidentate appearance.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3CDB245A7D1BE3B67989D0E41E64A5F2" DOI="https://doi.org/10.24199/j.mmv.2014.71.04" author="Britayev, TA" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" pagination="27 - 43" refId="B3" refString="Britayev, TA, Gil, J, Altuna, A, Calvo, M, Martin, D, 2014. New symbiotic associations involving polynoids (Polychaeta, Polynoidae) from Atlantic waters, with redescriptions of Parahololepidella greeffi (Augener, 1918) and Gorgoniapolynoe caeciliae (Fauvel, 1913). Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria 71: 27 - 43, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24199/j.mmv.2014.71.04" title="New symbiotic associations involving polynoids (Polychaeta, Polynoidae) from Atlantic waters, with redescriptions of Parahololepidella greeffi (Augener, 1918) and Gorgoniapolynoe caeciliae (Fauvel, 1913)." url="https://doi.org/10.24199/j.mmv.2014.71.04" volume="71" year="2014">Britayev et al. (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
cautioned that the neurochaetal tooth-like structures in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7FA9A438AAA8D60C4C9920168121A781" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. greeffi" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="greeffi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B589605E83CD9A8D3483DD8748266E03" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">P. greeffi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ZMH 5692) were artifacts due to poor preservation and dehydration over time. However, given that similar structures were found in all specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="74EC85FEA38343AD9717686EE8687BA4" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. nuttingi" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nuttingi">
|
||
<emphasis id="1FF327433F11064579F38CDE1F5FEFC4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">P. nuttingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we feel that this character is valid and illustrates the importance of detailed microscopical examination and reexamination.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
</document> |