169 lines
15 KiB
XML
169 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.416.6455" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d04a6beb-71b7-437b-aee9-e8eb32434a69" ID-PMC="PMC4109511" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-416-77" ID-PubMed="25061348" ID-ZBK="D81E380957044DE7AFEC098E7773D528" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-416-77" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 416" ModsDocTitle="Taxonomic review of Cratocerus Dejean, 1829 (Coleoptera, Carabidae) with the description of six new species" checkinTime="1451245752796" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Grzymala, Traci L. & Will, Kipling W." docDate="2014" docId="B3D382A4AFB32E9278501010D85A674D" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 416: 77-112" docOrigin="ZooKeys 416" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.416.6455" docTitle="Cratocerus kavanaughi Grzymala & Will, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="DD97E235-56AB-46C3-9003-9956C66D1A96" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="95" masterDocId="0348FFC7FFA9E10FB234E239FFE0FFAD" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic review of Cratocerus Dejean, 1829 (Coleoptera, Carabidae) with the description of six new species" masterLastPageNumber="112" masterPageNumber="77" pageNumber="94" updateTime="1668158676009" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Taxonomic review of Cratocerus Dejean, 1829 (Coleoptera, Carabidae) with the description of six new species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Grzymala, Traci L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Will, Kipling W.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>416</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>77</mods:start>
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<mods:end>112</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.416.6455</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.416.6455</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-416-77</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">D81E380957044DE7AFEC098E7773D528</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">D81E380957044DE7AFEC098E7773D528</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152053634" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:DD97E235-56AB-46C3-9003-9956C66D1A96" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B3D382A4AFB32E9278501010D85A674D" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="95" pageId="17" pageNumber="94">
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="94" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="94">Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Carabidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="94" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="94">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/DD97E235-56AB-46C3-9003-9956C66D1A96" authority="Grzymala & Will" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cratocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cratocerus kavanaughi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="94" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kavanaughi">Cratocerus kavanaughi Grzymala & Will</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="17" pageNumber="94">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 7, 9g, 10e, 11f, 12c
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="94" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="94">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="94">
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French Guiana, Nouragues Scientific Station,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Pararé">Parare</normalizedToken>
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site, coordinates
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="4.02">4.02N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="-52.41">52.41W</geoCoordinate>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="95" pageId="17" pageNumber="94" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="94">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="94">
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HOLOTYPE [male, deposited in NMNH] labeled: "FRENCH GUYANA: Nouragues - / Saut Parare, Commune de Regina /
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="4.02">4.02°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="-52.41">52.41°W</geoCoordinate>
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, 51 meters / 26 Apr. 2010, flight intercept trap / S. Brule, P.H. Dalens & E. Poirier // ADP / 126766 // U.C. Berkeley / EMEC / 654851".
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="95" pageId="17" pageNumber="94">
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Paratypes. 10 total; 1 female, labeled: "FRENCH GUYANA: Nouragues - Saut Parare, Commune de Regina
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="4.02">4.02°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="-52.41">52.41°W</geoCoordinate>
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, 51 meters 20 Apr. 2010, flight intercept trap S. Brule, P.H. Dalens & E. Poirier (EMEC207921); 1 female, labeled: "FRENCH GUYANA: Nouragues - Saut Parare, Commune de Regina
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="4.0378">4.0378°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-57.6725">057.6725°W</geoCoordinate>
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, 51m. 30 Nov. 2009, flight intercept trap S. Brule, P.H. Dalens & E. Poirier" (EMEC207901); 1 male, labeled: "FRENCH GUYANA: Reserve Naturelle des Nouragues Inselberg, Camp, Commune de Regina,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="4.0833335">4°05'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-52.683334">52°41'W</geoCoordinate>
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, flight intercept trap 23 February 2011 S. Brule, P.H. Dalens & E. Poirier" (EMEC654857); 1 male, labeled: "FRENCH GUYANA: Montagne des Chevaux Commune de Roura, RN2 PK22,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="4.7127">4.7127°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-52.3966">52.3966°W</geoCoordinate>
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, 90 meters 21 Dec. 2011, flight intercept trap S. Brule, P.H. Dalens & E. Poirier" (EMEC654907); 1 female, labeled: "FRENCH GUYANA: Montagne des Chevaux Commune de Roura, RN2 PK22,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="4.7127">4.7127°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-52.3966">52.3966°W</geoCoordinate>
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, 900 m. 26 Dec. 2010, flight intercept trap S. Brule, P.H. Dalens & E. Poirier" (EMEC654852); 1 female, labeled: "FRENCH GUYANA: Montagne des Chevaux Commune de Roura, RN2 PK22,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="4.7127">4.7127°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-52.3966">52.3966°W</geoCoordinate>
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, 90 meters 23 July 2011, SLAM Malaise trap S. Brule, P.H. Dalens & E. Poirier" (EMEC654856); 1 female, labeled: "FRENCH GUYANA: Region de Saul, Commune de Saul, Belvedere de Saul,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="3.6223">3.6223N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-53.2159">53.2159W</geoCoordinate>
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, 283-325 meters 24 Jan. 2011, flight intercept trap, VPV
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<pageBreakToken pageId="18" pageNumber="95" start="start">S</pageBreakToken>
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. Brule, P.H. Dalens & E. Poirier" (EMEC654853); 1 female, labeled: "FRENCH GUYANA: Region de Saul, Commune de Saul, Belvedere de Saul
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="3.6223">3.6223N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-53.2159">53.2159W</geoCoordinate>
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, 283-325 meters 07 Apr. 2011, flight intercept trap, V6 S. Brule, P.H. Dalens & E. Poirier" (EMEC654854); 1 male, labeled: "FRENCH GUYANA: Region de Saul, Commune de Saul, Belvedere de Saul
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="3.6223">3.6223N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-53.2159">53.2159W</geoCoordinate>
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, 283-325 meters 20 Feb.. 2010, flight intercept trap, V5 S. Brule, P.H. Dalens & E. Poirier" (EMEC654845); 1 male, labeled: "PERU: MADRE DE DIOS Pakitza, Zone 2 07Oct90 T.L. Erwin & M.G. Pogue Colls,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-12.116667">12°07'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-70.96667">70°58'W</geoCoordinate>
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, Under bark on Tr. Aguajal nr. St. 127" (EMEC207851). All specimens deposited in NMNH except EMEC654857 deposited in MNHN.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="95" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="95">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="95">
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This species is distinguished from other members of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cratocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cratocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cratocerus</taxonomicName>
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by the strongly curved mandibles, 45 degrees in relation to the mandibular midline and the two basal pronotal fovea. This species is most easily confused with
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cratocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cratocerus culpepperi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="culpepperi">Cratocerus culpepperi</taxonomicName>
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as both have the distinctively curved mandibles, a character which does not occur in any other species within
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cratocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cratocerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cratocerus</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cratocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cratocerus kavanaughi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kavanaughi">Cratocerus kavanaughi</taxonomicName>
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is easily identified by the larger overall body size and the two pronotal basal fovea as opposed to the five found with
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cratocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cratocerus culpepperi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="culpepperi">Cratocerus culpepperi</taxonomicName>
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specimens (Fig. 9g, h).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="95" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="95">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="95">
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Size average for the genus, ABL 4.8-5.6 mm, TW 1.9-2.4 mm. Color. Head and prothorax brunneopiceous; elytra, abdominal sternites, and mandibles brunneous; legs, antennae, and remaining mouthparts rufotestaceous. Head. HL 0.7-1.0 mm, HW 0.8-0.9 mm. One supraorbital seta present over each eye. Apices of mandibles strongly curved, apices at more than 45 degree angle to mandibular midline. Apical maxillary palpi length 4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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width at base. Mentum with triangulate lateral lobes. Thorax. Pronotum (Fig. 9g) with distinct median impression, one distinct basal fovea laterad; one lateral seta located on apicolateral pronotal bead; one seta present on posterior bead and projected over posterior angle; pronotal anterior margin convex, greatest width anterad of center; pronotal width 1.3-1.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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pronotal length. Elytral length 1.4-1.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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elytral width. Legs. Protibia with three small, stout spines confined to distal half of lateral margin, only visible with extreme magnification (Fig. 10e). Genitalia, male. Median lobe curved sharply, between forty-five and ninety degrees with respect to basal 1/3, remaining 2/3 without continuing curvature; narrowed apically; length average for species of the genus. Left paramere curved and simple (Figure 11f). Genitalia, female. Spermatheca with entire length equal and moderate, length average for genus; apex rounded, without broad bulb (Fig. 12c).
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="18" pageNumber="95">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="95">
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Figure 7. Dorsal habitus image of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cratocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cratocerus kavanaughi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kavanaughi">Cratocerus kavanaughi</taxonomicName>
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Grzymala & Will, sp. n. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="95" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="95">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="95">The specific epithet, kavanaughi, is a Latinized version (genitive case) of the surname of Dr. David H. Kavanaugh, an entomology curator at the California Academy of Sciences. Dr. Kavanaugh provided numerous resources and support to TLG throughout the duration of this project. This species is named in gratitude of this support.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="95" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="95">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="95">This species is geographically distributed (Fig. 13) throughout French Guiana and Peru.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="95" type="ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="95">Ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="95">Specimens have been collected in flight intercept traps during the months of November, December, January, February, April, and July and under tree bark in October.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |