632 lines
76 KiB
XML
632 lines
76 KiB
XML
<document id="ACA9A36C40AEFD4C4943160BD3081DA1" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3860.5.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="af42baee-5202-4e98-9db3-2bd998877703" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="225331" ID-ZooBank="6D72B3EA-9730-47BC-B49E-0B8EF2E5616B" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460906703689" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Siewert, Ricardo Russo, Dias, Fernando Maia Silva, Dolibaina, Diego Rodrigo, Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik, Casagrande, Mirna Martins & Lamas, Gerardo" docDate="2014" docId="B33501560A60FFAB7F933ED899252517" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03860p418.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3860 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Anteros zikani Siewert, Dias & Dolibaina, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="409" masterDocId="4F0C792E0A66FFA37F043D639D552338" masterDocTitle="New species and taxonomic notes on Antero s Hübner, [1819] and Ourocnemis Bethune-Baker, 1887 (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae)" masterLastPageNumber="418" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="407" updateTime="1698360815134" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="6FFEA9DB3239B22DE701267453D2CDB3">New species and taxonomic notes on Antero s Hübner, [1819] and Ourocnemis Bethune-Baker, 1887 (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="145BF38850025D852557694BA5C2A695">Siewert, Ricardo Russo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5458A42DF5DB211F7A172AA47857415E">Dias, Fernando Maia Silva</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4ECB22397EAE16A3AADC5BE3BCE30706">Dolibaina, Diego Rodrigo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E98AA4557771BA55D20BECD89ACD976C">Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BAE7365F262B665525F0EDD91D3976B3">Casagrande, Mirna Martins</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="382B1F575DFC96E354D522CDFDB313A9">Lamas, Gerardo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="A90D2854202E779FF61E87400BD6A728">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="73BA0F83A2A0F3F0D2D6DBCB1C6E659A">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="603044708A3839CD90614377B1FA6C74">3860</mods:number>
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<treatment id="B33501560A60FFAB7F933ED899252517" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6137654" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119588055" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6137654" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B33501560A60FFAB7F933ED899252517" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B33501560A60FFAB7F933ED899252517" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="409" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
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<subSubSection id="7386E3CB0A60FFA57F933ED89F7C2705" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="3B23B0400A60FFA57F933ED89FB120EC" blockId="6.[151,740,954,1016]" box="[151,740,954,980]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
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<heading id="606B072C0A60FFA57F933ED89FB120EC" bold="true" box="[151,740,954,980]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="09E86C520A60FFA57F933ED89FB120EC" bold="true" box="[151,740,954,980]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
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<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A60FFA57F933ED89F2B20EC" authority="Siewert, Dias & Dolibaina" authorityName="Siewert, Dias & Dolibaina" box="[151,638,954,980]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zikani" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="09E86C520A60FFA57F933ED89C6B20EB" bold="true" box="[151,318,954,979]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Anteros zikani</emphasis>
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Siewert, Dias & Dolibaina
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="12DBD1290A60FFA57D8E3ED89FB120EC" box="[650,740,955,980]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3B23B0400A60FFA57F933EBC9CDC20CF" blockId="6.[151,740,954,1016]" box="[151,393,991,1016]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
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(
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<figureCitation id="A3A7ACC50A60FFA57F9B3EBC9C5620C0" box="[159,259,991,1016]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 16" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[155,1425,908,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[150,1437,902,1791]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 16. Habitus of species of Anteros Hübner, [1819]. 1 – 4. A. aliceae, sp. nov.; 1 – 2. Male holotype, dorsal and ventral; 3 – 4. Female allotype, dorsal and ventral; 5 – 8. A. zikani, sp. nov.; 5 – 6. Male holotype, dorsal and ventral. 7 – 8. Female allotype, dorsal and ventral. 9 – 12. A. theleia Stichel, 1910, stat. nov.; 9 – 10. Male from Puente Unión, Cuzco, Peru, dorsal and ventral; 11 – 12. Female from Quebrada Siete Jeringas, Junín, Peru, dorsal and ventral. 13 – 16. A. ethani, sp. nov.; 13 – 14. Male holotype, dorsal and ventral. 15 – 16. Female allotype, dorsal and ventral. Scale bar = 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/225332/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Figs 5–8</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="A3A7ACC50A60FFA57E0B3EBC9C7820CF" box="[271,301,991,1015]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 22" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1286,1308]" captionTargetBox="[228,1358,193,1264]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[228,1359,193,1265]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 22. Detail of the under side of the wings of species of Anteros Hübner, [1819]. 17 – 18. A. aliceae, sp. nov., male and female; 19. A. zikani, sp. nov., 20 – 21. A. formosus (Cramer, 1777), male and female; 22. A. chrysoprasta Hewitson, 1867. Scale bar = 0.5 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/225333/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">19</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="A3A7ACC50A60FFA57E3D3EBC9CD520CF" box="[313,384,991,1015]" captionStart="FIGURES 28 – 31" captionStartId="7.[151,264,876,898]" captionTargetBox="[150,1433,181,864]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[148,1433,181,867]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 28 – 31. Genitalia of species of Anteros Hübner, [1819]. 28. A. zikani, sp. nov., male, lateral; 29. A. chrysoprasta Hewitson, 1867, male, lateral; 30. A. roratus Godman & Salvin, 1886, male, lateral; 31. A. zikani, sp. nov., female, ventral. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/225335/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">28, 31</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="3B23B0400A60FFA57F93394B9F7C2705" blockId="6.[151,1341,1063,1146]" box="[151,553,1063,1085]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
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||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A60FFA57F93394B9DB02705" box="[151,229,1064,1085]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="09E86C520A60FFA57F93394B9DB02705" box="[151,229,1064,1085]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Anteros</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="12DBD1290A60FFA57FEF394B9C742705" box="[235,289,1064,1085]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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?;
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<bibRefCitation id="5F0DCDB10A60FFA57E44394B9CB32705" author="Zikan" box="[320,486,1063,1085]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" refString="Zikan, J. F. (1928) Die Macro-Lepidoptera des Itatiaya (Sudabhang bei Campo-Bello). Entomologische Rundschau, 45 (5), 19 - 20." type="journal article" year="1928">J. F. Zikán 1928</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 19.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="7386E3CB0A60FFA57F9339259F7B2742" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="3B23B0400A60FFA57F9339259F7B2742" blockId="6.[151,1341,1063,1146]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
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||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A60FFA57F9339259F292763" authority="J. F. Zikan & W. Zikan, 1968" authorityName="J. F. Zikan & W. Zikan" authorityYear="1968" box="[151,636,1093,1115]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decoratus">
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<emphasis id="09E86C520A60FFA57F9339259C1A2763" box="[151,335,1093,1115]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Anteros decoratus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="5F0DCDB10A60FFA57E5139259F292763" author="Zikan" box="[341,636,1093,1115]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" refString="Zikan, J. F. & Zikan, W. (1968) Inseto-fauna do Itatiaia e da Mantiqueira. III. Lepidoptera. Pesquisa agropecuaria brasileira (Agronomia), 3, 45 - 109." type="journal article" year="1968">J. F. Zikán & W. Zikán, 1968</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A60FFA57D8739269E792763" bold="true" box="[643,812,1093,1115]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
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||
[
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<emphasis id="09E86C520A60FFA57D8F39259E712763" bold="true" box="[651,804,1093,1115]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">nomen nudum</emphasis>
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]
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</emphasis>
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, p. 53;
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<bibRefCitation id="5F0DCDB10A60FFA57C7C392699C42763" author="Callaghan" box="[888,1169,1093,1115]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" refString="Callaghan, C. J. & Lamas, G. (2004) Riodinidae. In: Lamas, G. (Ed.), Checklist: Part 4 A. Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea. In: Heppner, J. B. (Ed.) Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera 5 A. Association for Tropical Lepidoptera / Scientific Publishers, Gainesville, pp. 141 - 170." type="book chapter" year="2004" yearSuffix="p">Callaghan & Lamas 2004 p</bibRefCitation>
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||
. 161;
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<emphasis id="09E86C520A60FFA57BCB392698682763" bold="true" box="[1231,1341,1093,1115]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">nom. nud.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A60FFA57F9339069DB02742" box="[151,229,1125,1146]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="09E86C520A60FFA57F9339069DB02742" box="[151,229,1125,1146]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Anteros</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. ign. (n.?);
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<bibRefCitation id="5F0DCDB10A60FFA57E7339079CBF2742" author="Ebert" box="[375,490,1124,1146]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" refString="Ebert, H. (1969) On the frequency of butterflies in Eastern Brazil, with a list of the butterfly fauna of Pocos de Caldas, Minas Gerais. Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society, 23 (3), 1 - 48." type="journal article" year="1969">Ebert 1969</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 47.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="7386E3CB0A60FFA57F9339C49E8B2512" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="3B23B0400A60FFA57F9339C49E8B2512" blockId="6.[151,1437,1191,1979]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A60FFA57F9339C49C4627F8" bold="true" box="[151,275,1191,1216]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
|
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<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A60FFA57E1F39CB9CE927F8" box="[283,444,1191,1216]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zikani" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="09E86C520A60FFA57E1F39CB9CE927F8" box="[283,444,1191,1216]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Anteros zikani</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="12DBD1290A60FFA57EC739C49F482787" box="[451,541,1191,1216]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A60FFA57EC739C49F4327F8" bold="true" box="[451,534,1191,1216]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">sp. nov</emphasis>
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||
.
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
cannot be confused with any other species of
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||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A60FFA57B2C39CB992B2787" box="[1064,1150,1192,1215]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A60FFA57B2C39CB992B2787" box="[1064,1150,1192,1215]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Anteros</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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in its area of occurrence, but closely resembles
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||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A60FFA57E8B39AF9FAC27DC" authority="Hewitson, 1867" authorityName="Hewitson" authorityYear="1867" box="[399,761,1227,1252]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrysoprasta">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A60FFA57E8B39AF9F1427DC" box="[399,577,1227,1252]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">A. chrysoprasta</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5F0DCDB10A60FFA57D4C39A89FAC27DC" author="Hewitson" box="[584,761,1227,1252]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" refString="Hewitson, W. C. (1867) Illustrations of new species of exotic butterflies, selected chiefly from the collections of W. Wilson Saunders and William C. Hewitson. Vol. 4. John Van Voorst, London, 260 pp. [4 (63), pp. 7 - 8, 15 - 16, 77 - 78, pls. (5, 9, 42)]" type="book chapter" year="1867">Hewitson, 1867</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="A3A7ACC50A60FFA57C0D39A89E3227DB" box="[777,871,1227,1252]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 22" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1286,1308]" captionTargetBox="[228,1358,193,1264]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[228,1359,193,1265]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 22. Detail of the under side of the wings of species of Anteros Hübner, [1819]. 17 – 18. A. aliceae, sp. nov., male and female; 19. A. zikani, sp. nov., 20 – 21. A. formosus (Cramer, 1777), male and female; 22. A. chrysoprasta Hewitson, 1867. Scale bar = 0.5 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/225333/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Figs. 22</figureCitation>
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||
,
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<figureCitation id="A3A7ACC50A60FFA57C7739A89EC727DB" box="[883,914,1227,1251]" captionStart="FIGURES 28 – 31" captionStartId="7.[151,264,876,898]" captionTargetBox="[150,1433,181,864]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[148,1433,181,867]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 28 – 31. Genitalia of species of Anteros Hübner, [1819]. 28. A. zikani, sp. nov., male, lateral; 29. A. chrysoprasta Hewitson, 1867, male, lateral; 30. A. roratus Godman & Salvin, 1886, male, lateral; 31. A. zikani, sp. nov., female, ventral. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/225335/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">29</figureCitation>
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), a species recorded only in the Amazon basin (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5F0DCDB10A60FFA57F9A398C9C48263F" author="Seitz" box="[158,285,1263,1288]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" refString="Seitz, A. (1917) Familie Erycinidae [continued]. In: Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde. Vol. 5. Alfred Kernen, Stuttgart, pp. 681 - 688." type="book" year="1917">Seitz 1917</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5F0DCDB10A60FFA57E28398C9F78263F" author="Rodriguez" box="[300,557,1263,1288]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" refString="Rodriguez, G., Constantino, L. M. & Salazar, J. A. (2010) Estudio sobre las especies colombianas de Anteros Hubner [1819] (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae). Boletin Cientifico Museo de Historial Natural (Manizales), 14 (1), 221 - 251." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Rodríguez
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A60FFA57EAF39939CB32630" box="[427,486,1263,1288]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A60FFA57D4739939FB32630" box="[579,742,1263,1288]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zikani" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A60FFA57D4739939FB32630" box="[579,742,1263,1288]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Anteros zikani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="12DBD1290A60FFA57DF3398C9E012630" box="[759,852,1263,1288]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A60FFA57DF3398C9E012630" bold="true" box="[759,852,1263,1288]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A60FFA57B903993981C2630" box="[1172,1353,1263,1288]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrysoprasta">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A60FFA57B903993981C2630" box="[1172,1353,1263,1288]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">A. chrysoprasta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the presence of two marginal bands instead of one along the outer margin of the forewing under side; the distal band—probably homologous to the single marginal band found in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A60FFA57C9D385B99182668" box="[921,1101,1335,1360]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrysoprasta">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A60FFA57C9D385B99182668" box="[921,1101,1335,1360]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">A. chrysoprasta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—comprised of silvery-green thin lines instead of small rounded silvery-green dots; discal band in the forewing under side discal cell with dark brown instead of orange scales; and area along the forewing under side inner margin up to the lower half of CuA2–2A markedly dark brown, reaching CuA
|
||
<quantity id="FC641DA50A60FFA57DA038D19F9C2684" box="[676,713,1443,1472]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
|
||
the post discal area, while in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A60FFA57B1738C799902684" box="[1043,1221,1443,1468]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrysoprasta">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A60FFA57B1738C799902684" box="[1043,1221,1443,1468]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">A. chrysoprasta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the inner margin is mostly pale yellow, with some dark brown scaling only on the post discal area. The valva of the male genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A60FFA57A8038A89D8F253E" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zikani" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A60FFA57A8038A89D8F253E" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">A. zikani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="12DBD1290A60FFA57FEC388E9C17253E" box="[232,322,1517,1542]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A60FFA57FEC388E9C17253E" bold="true" box="[232,322,1517,1542]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is also characteristic, with a short, stout and smooth distal dorsal projection, instead of a long, thin and dorsally rough dorsal projection observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A60FFA57DB83B709E3B2513" box="[700,878,1554,1579]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrysoprasta">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A60FFA57DB83B709E3B2513" box="[700,878,1554,1579]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">A. chrysoprasta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="A3A7ACC50A60FFA57C793B719E872512" box="[893,978,1554,1579]" captionStart="FIGURES 28 – 31" captionStartId="7.[151,264,876,898]" captionTargetBox="[150,1433,181,864]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[148,1433,181,867]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 28 – 31. Genitalia of species of Anteros Hübner, [1819]. 28. A. zikani, sp. nov., male, lateral; 29. A. chrysoprasta Hewitson, 1867, male, lateral; 30. A. roratus Godman & Salvin, 1886, male, lateral; 31. A. zikani, sp. nov., female, ventral. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/225335/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="7386E3CB0A60FFA47FC33B569E8024CD" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="408" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="3B23B0400A60FFA57FC33B569FBE2583" blockId="6.[151,1437,1191,1979]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A60FFA57FC33B569C0C2576" bold="true" box="[199,345,1589,1614]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A60FFA57E643B569CC82576" box="[352,413,1589,1614]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Head</emphasis>
|
||
: densely covered with yellowish scales, center of frons with white scales; eyes brown and hairy, surrounded by white scales; antennal segments dark brown, ventrally with white scales at the base; club entirely dark brown; labial palpus yellow and white, long scales on the first and second segments, third segment thin, about the same size as the first. Female as male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3B23B0400A60FFA57FC33BA699E1243B" blockId="6.[151,1437,1191,1979]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A60FFA57FC33BA69C4D25E6" box="[199,280,1733,1758]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
: uniformly dark brown dorsally and yellow ventrally; prothoracic legs densely covered with yellowish elongated scales; meso and metathoracic legs yellow with some white scales. Female as male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3B23B0400A60FFA57FC33A6C9F3B2456" blockId="6.[151,1437,1191,1979]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A60FFA57FC33A6C9CB6241E" box="[199,483,1805,1830]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Forewing, size and shape</emphasis>
|
||
: male
|
||
<quantity id="FC641DA50A60FFA57D2B3A6D9FC7241E" box="[559,658,1806,1830]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.47" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" unit="mm" value="14.7">14.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n=2, including HT); female
|
||
<quantity id="FC641DA50A60FFA57CD83A6E9915241E" box="[988,1088,1805,1830]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" unit="mm" value="15.5">15.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
(AT); triangular; costal margin convex, apex slightly pointed; outer margin and tornus rounded; inner margin straight. Female as in male, but wing more elongated and outer margin rounder.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3B23B0400A60FFA57FC33A189E8C248E" blockId="6.[151,1437,1191,1979]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A60FFA57FC33A189CE024AB" box="[199,437,1914,1939]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Forewing upper side</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="A3A7ACC50A60FFA57EC33A199F6724AA" box="[455,562,1914,1939]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 16" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[155,1425,908,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[150,1437,902,1791]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 16. Habitus of species of Anteros Hübner, [1819]. 1 – 4. A. aliceae, sp. nov.; 1 – 2. Male holotype, dorsal and ventral; 3 – 4. Female allotype, dorsal and ventral; 5 – 8. A. zikani, sp. nov.; 5 – 6. Male holotype, dorsal and ventral. 7 – 8. Female allotype, dorsal and ventral. 9 – 12. A. theleia Stichel, 1910, stat. nov.; 9 – 10. Male from Puente Unión, Cuzco, Peru, dorsal and ventral; 11 – 12. Female from Quebrada Siete Jeringas, Junín, Peru, dorsal and ventral. 13 – 16. A. ethani, sp. nov.; 13 – 14. Male holotype, dorsal and ventral. 15 – 16. Female allotype, dorsal and ventral. Scale bar = 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/225332/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Figs 5, 7</figureCitation>
|
||
): ground dark brown with a small, round, creamy white spot at the base of CuA1–CuA2; fringes brown. Female as male, but creamy white spot larger.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="6FE3E0C80A61FFA47F933E0F9C1F20F8" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/225335/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" targetBox="[150,1433,181,864]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="3B23B0400A61FFA47F933E0F9C1F20F8" blockId="7.[151,1437,876,960]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A61FFA47F933E0F9C0320BA" bold="true" box="[151,342,876,898]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">FIGURES 28–31.</emphasis>
|
||
Genitalia of species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A61FFA47D4B3E0E9FA620BA" authority="Hubner" authorityName="Hubner" box="[591,755,876,898]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A61FFA47D4B3E0E9FC820BA" box="[591,669,877,898]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Anteros</emphasis>
|
||
Hübner
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, [1819]. 28.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A61FFA47C7C3E0E9E8620BA" box="[888,979,876,898]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zikani" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A61FFA47C7C3E0E9E8620BA" box="[888,979,876,898]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">A. zikani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="12DBD1290A61FFA47CE63E0F996120BA" box="[994,1076,876,898]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A61FFA47CE63E0F996120BA" bold="true" box="[994,1076,876,898]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, male, lateral; 29.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A61FFA47BFE3E0E9C6E2099" authority="Hewitson, 1867" authorityName="Hewitson" authorityYear="1867" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrysoprasta">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A61FFA47BFE3E0E98C920BA" box="[1274,1436,876,898]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">A. chrysoprasta</emphasis>
|
||
Hewitson, 1867
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male, lateral; 30.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A61FFA47EFA3EEF9E3B2099" authority="Godman & Salvin, 1886" authorityName="Godman & Salvin" authorityYear="1886" box="[510,878,907,929]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="roratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A61FFA47EFA3EEF9F332099" box="[510,614,908,929]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">A. roratus</emphasis>
|
||
Godman & Salvin, 1886
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male, lateral; 31.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A61FFA47B353EEF99DE2099" box="[1073,1163,907,929]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zikani" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A61FFA47B353EEF99DE2099" box="[1073,1163,907,929]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">A. zikani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="12DBD1290A61FFA47B9E3EE899B82099" box="[1178,1261,907,929]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A61FFA47B9E3EE899B82099" bold="true" box="[1178,1261,907,929]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, female, ventral. Scale bar = 1mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="3B23B0400A61FFA47FC33EBC9EF927EF" blockId="7.[151,1436,989,2037]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A61FFA47FC33EBC9CE720CE" box="[199,434,989,1014]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Forewing under side</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="A3A7ACC50A61FFA47EC73EBE9F7E20CE" box="[451,555,989,1014]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 16" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[155,1425,908,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[150,1437,902,1791]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 16. Habitus of species of Anteros Hübner, [1819]. 1 – 4. A. aliceae, sp. nov.; 1 – 2. Male holotype, dorsal and ventral; 3 – 4. Female allotype, dorsal and ventral; 5 – 8. A. zikani, sp. nov.; 5 – 6. Male holotype, dorsal and ventral. 7 – 8. Female allotype, dorsal and ventral. 9 – 12. A. theleia Stichel, 1910, stat. nov.; 9 – 10. Male from Puente Unión, Cuzco, Peru, dorsal and ventral; 11 – 12. Female from Quebrada Siete Jeringas, Junín, Peru, dorsal and ventral. 13 – 16. A. ethani, sp. nov.; 13 – 14. Male holotype, dorsal and ventral. 15 – 16. Female allotype, dorsal and ventral. Scale bar = 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/225332/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Figs 6, 8</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="A3A7ACC50A61FFA47D3D3EBD9F0D20CE" box="[569,600,990,1014]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 22" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1286,1308]" captionTargetBox="[228,1358,193,1264]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[228,1359,193,1265]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 22. Detail of the under side of the wings of species of Anteros Hübner, [1819]. 17 – 18. A. aliceae, sp. nov., male and female; 19. A. zikani, sp. nov., 20 – 21. A. formosus (Cramer, 1777), male and female; 22. A. chrysoprasta Hewitson, 1867. Scale bar = 0.5 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/225333/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">19</figureCitation>
|
||
): ground color pale yellow; dark brown spot at base of discal cell; discal band dark brown with silvery-green scales in discal cell; base of discal cell and postdiscal area with dark yellow scales from costal margin to CuA1 and from CuA1–CuA2 to the outer margin; eight silvery-green points surrounded by brown scales; one each in R1–R2, R2–R3+R4 and R3+R4–M1, three in M1–M2, and two in M2–M3; area along outer margin darker yellow; two parallel and dashed marginal bands along outer margin, proximal band thinner and light brown, distal band silvery-green; dark brown area along inner margin up to lower half of CuA2–2A; dark brown area reaching CuA
|
||
<quantity id="FC641DA50A61FFA47E6D39AE9CD827EF" box="[361,397,1214,1243]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
|
||
postdiscal area; fringes yellow. Female as male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3B23B0400A61FFA47FC339869ECC261A" blockId="7.[151,1436,989,2037]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A61FFA47FC339869CDB27C6" box="[199,398,1253,1278]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="438BF0D00A61FFA47FC339869DAA27C6" box="[199,255,1253,1278]" name="India" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Hind</collectingCountry>
|
||
wing shape
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: somewhat quadrate, costal margin slightly curved, apex rounded, outer margin curved, tornus slightly angled, inner margin slightly curved. Female as male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3B23B0400A61FFA47FC3384E9991267E" blockId="7.[151,1436,989,2037]" box="[199,1220,1325,1350]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A61FFA47FC3384E9CEC267E" box="[199,441,1325,1350]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="438BF0D00A61FFA47FC3384E9DAA267E" box="[199,255,1325,1350]" name="India" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Hind</collectingCountry>
|
||
wing upper side
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="A3A7ACC50A61FFA47ECC384E9F78267E" box="[456,557,1325,1350]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 16" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[155,1425,908,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[150,1437,902,1791]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 16. Habitus of species of Anteros Hübner, [1819]. 1 – 4. A. aliceae, sp. nov.; 1 – 2. Male holotype, dorsal and ventral; 3 – 4. Female allotype, dorsal and ventral; 5 – 8. A. zikani, sp. nov.; 5 – 6. Male holotype, dorsal and ventral. 7 – 8. Female allotype, dorsal and ventral. 9 – 12. A. theleia Stichel, 1910, stat. nov.; 9 – 10. Male from Puente Unión, Cuzco, Peru, dorsal and ventral; 11 – 12. Female from Quebrada Siete Jeringas, Junín, Peru, dorsal and ventral. 13 – 16. A. ethani, sp. nov.; 13 – 14. Male holotype, dorsal and ventral. 15 – 16. Female allotype, dorsal and ventral. Scale bar = 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/225332/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Figs 5, 7</figureCitation>
|
||
): mostly dark brown, costal margin white. Female as male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3B23B0400A61FFA47FC33832982926C5" blockId="7.[151,1436,989,2037]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A61FFA47FC338329CEB2652" box="[199,446,1361,1386]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="438BF0D00A61FFA47FC338329DAA2652" box="[199,255,1361,1386]" name="India" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Hind</collectingCountry>
|
||
wing under side
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="A3A7ACC50A61FFA47ECB38329F622651" box="[463,567,1361,1386]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 16" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[155,1425,908,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[150,1437,902,1791]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 16. Habitus of species of Anteros Hübner, [1819]. 1 – 4. A. aliceae, sp. nov.; 1 – 2. Male holotype, dorsal and ventral; 3 – 4. Female allotype, dorsal and ventral; 5 – 8. A. zikani, sp. nov.; 5 – 6. Male holotype, dorsal and ventral. 7 – 8. Female allotype, dorsal and ventral. 9 – 12. A. theleia Stichel, 1910, stat. nov.; 9 – 10. Male from Puente Unión, Cuzco, Peru, dorsal and ventral; 11 – 12. Female from Quebrada Siete Jeringas, Junín, Peru, dorsal and ventral. 13 – 16. A. ethani, sp. nov.; 13 – 14. Male holotype, dorsal and ventral. 15 – 16. Female allotype, dorsal and ventral. Scale bar = 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/225332/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Figs 6, 8</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="A3A7ACC50A61FFA47D4138329F312651" box="[581,612,1361,1385]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 22" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1286,1308]" captionTargetBox="[228,1358,193,1264]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[228,1359,193,1265]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 22. Detail of the under side of the wings of species of Anteros Hübner, [1819]. 17 – 18. A. aliceae, sp. nov., male and female; 19. A. zikani, sp. nov., 20 – 21. A. formosus (Cramer, 1777), male and female; 22. A. chrysoprasta Hewitson, 1867. Scale bar = 0.5 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/225333/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">19</figureCitation>
|
||
): ground color pale yellow; basal area dark yellow; dark spot at base of discal cell; post discal area with dark yellow scales and nine silvery-green spots surrounded by dark brown scales, one each in Sc+R1–Rs and Rs–M1, two each in M1–M2, M2–M3, and CuA2–2A, and one in 2A–3A; area along outer margin darker yellow; two parallel and dashed marginal bands along outer margin, proximal band thinner and light brown, distal band silvery-green; area along inner margin up to 2A dark brown; fringes yellow. Female as male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3B23B0400A61FFA47FC33B6498702518" blockId="7.[151,1436,989,2037]" box="[199,1317,1543,1568]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A61FFA47FC33B649C642518" box="[199,305,1543,1568]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
: uniformly dark brown dorsally and yellow ventrally; pleura dark brown. Female as male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3B23B0400A61FFA47FC33B4F9F422478" blockId="7.[151,1436,989,2037]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A61FFA47FC33B4F9C27257D" box="[199,370,1580,1605]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="A3A7ACC50A61FFA47E833B4F9CB6257C" box="[391,483,1580,1605]" captionStart="FIGURES 28 – 31" captionStartId="7.[151,264,876,898]" captionTargetBox="[150,1433,181,864]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[148,1433,181,867]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 28 – 31. Genitalia of species of Anteros Hübner, [1819]. 28. A. zikani, sp. nov., male, lateral; 29. A. chrysoprasta Hewitson, 1867, male, lateral; 30. A. roratus Godman & Salvin, 1886, male, lateral; 31. A. zikani, sp. nov., female, ventral. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/225335/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||
): tegumen triangular in lateral view, ventrally separated from uncus by a wide membranous area; uncus ventrally rounded in lateral view, with a distal medial projection; gnathos “c” shaped, ventral projection four times longer than the dorsal one, which is attached to tegumen; ventral projection of tegumen narrow, directed obliquely and ventrally towards the small, strap-like saccus from the middle portion of the tegumen; valva somewhat rectangular and wider proximally, with a dorsally-emarginated membranous area at the middle; distally with two projections, dorsal projection dorsally curved and two times longer and stouter than the ventral one; aedeagus long and thin; cornuti absent; fultura inferior attached to posterior third fifth of aedeagus and ventrally connected to valvae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3B23B0400A61FFA47FC33A2F9E8024CD" blockId="7.[151,1436,989,2037]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A61FFA47FC33A2F9CD3245D" box="[199,390,1868,1893]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Female genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="A3A7ACC50A61FFA47E913A2F9CBC245C" box="[405,489,1868,1893]" captionStart="FIGURES 28 – 31" captionStartId="7.[151,264,876,898]" captionTargetBox="[150,1433,181,864]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[148,1433,181,867]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 28 – 31. Genitalia of species of Anteros Hübner, [1819]. 28. A. zikani, sp. nov., male, lateral; 29. A. chrysoprasta Hewitson, 1867, male, lateral; 30. A. roratus Godman & Salvin, 1886, male, lateral; 31. A. zikani, sp. nov., female, ventral. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/225335/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
|
||
): Papillae anales narrow and long, ventral half with several spatulated scales, dorsal half with spine-like setae and surrounded by two narrow sclerotized plates; sterigma large and semi-circular, with long spine-like setae at posterior edge, density of setae less pronounced medially and laterally; ostium bursae in a rounded membranous area in the middle portion of the sterigma; ductus bursae long and thin, corpus bursae rounded, diameter about half as wide as the ductus bursae; signum absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="7386E3CB0A6EFFAB7FC33DF49E3F23C0" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="3B23B0400A6EFFAB7FC33DF49E3F23C0" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1583]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7FC33DF49C352388" bold="true" box="[199,352,151,176]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A6EFFAB7E6C3DFB9F5C2388" box="[360,521,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zikani" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7E6C3DFB9F5C2388" box="[360,521,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Anteros zikani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="12DBD1290A6EFFAB7D153DF49F392388" box="[529,620,151,176]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7D153DF49F392388" bold="true" box="[529,620,151,176]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is currently known from the municipalities of Poços de Caldas, state of Minas Gerais, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A6EFFAB7E693DDF9CEE23ED" box="[365,443,188,213]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Itatiaia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="8" pageNumber="412" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Itatiaia</taxonomicName>
|
||
and Petrópolis, state of Rio de Janeiro,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="438BF0D00A6EFFAB7C7B3DDF9E9623ED" box="[895,963,188,213]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="A3A7ACC50A6EFFAB7CD73DDF997223EC" box="[979,1063,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1300,1322]" captionTargetBox="[150,1416,195,1276]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[150,1436,195,1278]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 44. Distribution map of species of Anteros Hübner [1819] and Ourocnemis Bethune-Baker, 1887." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/225340/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
|
||
), in altitudes ranging from
|
||
<quantity id="FC641DA50A6EFFAB7A583DDF98C923EC" box="[1372,1436,188,212]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" unit="m" value="900.0">900m</quantity>
|
||
to
|
||
<quantity id="FC641DA50A6EFFAB7FB03D839C5723C0" box="[180,258,224,248]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200m</quantity>
|
||
in the Serra do Mar and Mantiqueira mountain ranges.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="7386E3CB0A6EFFAB7FC33C67980D2278" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="3B23B0400A6EFFAB7FC33C67980D2278" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1583]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7FC33C679C1B2225" bold="true" box="[199,334,260,285]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is named to honor the eminent entomologist José Francisco Zikán (
|
||
<date id="4F2296800A6EFFAB7BD13C67980D2224" box="[1237,1368,260,284]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" value="1881" valueMax="1949">1881–1949</date>
|
||
), who lived and collected in the area of the municipality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A6EFFAB7DEC3C449E6C2278" box="[744,825,295,320]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Itatiaia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="8" pageNumber="412" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Itatiaia</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Rio de Janeiro,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="438BF0D00A6EFFAB7CF73C44996F2278" box="[1011,1082,295,320]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, location of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="E4270EE20A6EFFAB7BEA3C4498012278" box="[1262,1364,295,320]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="7386E3CB0A6EFFAB7FC33C2F99252517" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="3B23B0400A6EFFAB7FC33C2F9EE422CC" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1583]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7FC33C2F9C23225D" bold="true" box="[199,374,332,357]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<typeStatus id="E4270EE20A6EFFAB7FC33C2F9C57225D" box="[199,258,332,357]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="E4270EE20A6EFFAB7E7A3C2F9CB3225D" box="[382,486,332,357]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
male with the following labels: /
|
||
<typeStatus id="E4270EE20A6EFFAB7C673C2F995D225C" box="[867,1032,332,356]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" type="holotype">HOLOTYPUS</typeStatus>
|
||
/ P[arque]. N[acional]. [do]
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A6EFFAB7A433C2F9DA322B0" authority="Resende" authorityName="Resende" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Itatiaia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Itatiaia, Resende</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A6EFFAB7E003C0C9C0F22B0" box="[260,346,367,392]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Itatiaia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="8" pageNumber="412" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Itatiaia</taxonomicName>
|
||
], R[io] [de] J[aneiro], [
|
||
<collectingCountry id="438BF0D00A6EFFAB7D5B3C0C9FFC22B0" box="[607,681,367,392]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Brasil</collectingCountry>
|
||
],
|
||
<quantity id="FC641DA50A6EFFAB7DB93C139E4022BF" box="[701,789,368,392]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="4F2296800A6EFFAB7C263C139EC122B0" box="[802,916,368,392]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" value="1973-01-10">10-I-1973</date>
|
||
, Mielke [
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7B063C0C996722B0" box="[1026,1074,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">leg.,</emphasis>
|
||
]/ DZ 26.439/
|
||
<typeStatus id="E4270EE20A6EFFAB7BD13C0C986822B0" box="[1237,1341,367,392]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A6EFFAB7A423C139F5A2295" authority="Siewert, Dias & Dolibaina" authorityName="Siewert, Dias & Dolibaina" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zikani">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7A423C139D8F2295" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Anteros zikani</emphasis>
|
||
Siewert, Dias & Dolibaina
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
det. 2014/ (
|
||
<collectionCode id="5D8D28850A6EFFAB7D9F3CF79FBF2294" box="[667,746,404,428]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5xp9-edpx" name="Universidade Federal do Parana, Colecao de Entomologia Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">DZUP</collectionCode>
|
||
). Allotype female with the following labels: /ALLOTYPUS/ Independência,
|
||
<quantity id="FC641DA50A6EFFAB7E4D3CDB9CC622F7" box="[329,403,440,464]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="4F2296800A6EFFAB7E9B3CDB9F4022E8" box="[415,533,440,464]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" value="1931-09-08">8-IX-1931</date>
|
||
Petrópolis—E[stado]. do Rio [de Janeiro], [
|
||
<collectingCountry id="438BF0D00A6EFFAB7B0C3CD4990722E8" box="[1032,1106,439,464]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Brasil</collectingCountry>
|
||
], Gagarin [
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7BD53CD4985422E8" box="[1233,1281,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">leg.,</emphasis>
|
||
]/ DZ 26.440/ Allotype
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A6EFFAB7E043CBF9F9A22CD" authority="Siewert, Dias & Dolibaina" authorityName="Siewert, Dias & Dolibaina" box="[256,719,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zikani">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7E043CBF9CF522CD" box="[256,416,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Anteros zikani</emphasis>
|
||
Siewert, Dias & Dolibaina
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
det. 2014/ (
|
||
<collectionCode id="5D8D28850A6EFFAB7C523CBF9EF022CC" box="[854,933,476,500]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5xp9-edpx" name="Universidade Federal do Parana, Colecao de Entomologia Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">DZUP</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3B23B0400A6EFFAB7FC33F639E9C2104" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1583]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<typeStatus id="E4270EE20A6EFFAB7FC33F639C6C2120" box="[199,313,512,536]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
: BRAZIL—
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7EC73F629F302120" box="[451,613,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Rio de Janeiro</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A6EFFAB7D703C9C9F9E2120" box="[628,715,511,536]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Itatiaia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="8" pageNumber="412" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7D703C9C9F9E2120" bold="true" box="[628,715,511,536]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Itatiaia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="FC641DA50A6EFFAB7DDD3F639E4E2120" box="[729,795,512,536]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" unit="m" value="700.0">700m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="4F2296800A6EFFAB7C223F639ECC2120" box="[806,921,512,536]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" value="1927-01-19">19-I-1927</date>
|
||
, Zikán
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7CEF3C9C994E2120" box="[1003,1051,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">leg.,</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="2D9A7BC90A6EFFAB7B263F6399D72120" box="[1058,1154,511,536]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="5D8D28850A6EFFAB7B953F6399932120" box="[1169,1222,512,536]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5rz8-qnyy" name="Colecao de Culturas de Fungos do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">IOC</collectionCode>
|
||
), (Parque Nacional de
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A6EFFAB7FBC3F479C5F2105" box="[184,266,548,573]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Itatiaia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="8" pageNumber="412" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Itatiaia</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity id="FC641DA50A6EFFAB7E193F479C382104" box="[285,365,548,572]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="4F2296800A6EFFAB7E7D3F479CBE2104" box="[377,491,548,572]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" value="1973-01-10">10-I-1973</date>
|
||
, Mielke
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7D493F479F282105" box="[589,637,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">leg.,</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="2D9A7BC90A6EFFAB7D803F479F852105" box="[644,720,548,573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
DZ 26.441* (
|
||
<collectionCode id="5D8D28850A6EFFAB7C693F479EE82104" box="[877,957,548,572]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5xp9-edpx" name="Universidade Federal do Parana, Colecao de Entomologia Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">DZUP</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3B23B0400A6EFFAB7FC33F249C8227FD" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1583]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7FC33F249E8F2158" bold="true" box="[199,986,583,608]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
|
||
Taxonomic comments on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A6EFFAB7D073F2B9F3B2158" box="[515,622,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zikani" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7D073F2B9F3B2158" bold="true" box="[515,622,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">A. zikani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="12DBD1290A6EFFAB7D843F249F8B2158" box="[640,734,583,608]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and related species.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Given the close resemblance between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A6EFFAB7F933F0F9C6C21BD" box="[151,313,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zikani" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7F933F0F9C6C21BD" box="[151,313,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Anteros zikani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="12DBD1290A6EFFAB7E4D3F0F9CF121BD" box="[329,420,620,645]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7E4D3F0F9CF121BD" bold="true" box="[329,420,620,645]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A6EFFAB7EDA3F0F9FC421BD" box="[478,657,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrysoprasta">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7EDA3F0F9FC421BD" box="[478,657,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">A. chrysoprasta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
one could argue that the former might be a subspecies of the latter. However, the dissimilar phenotypes of both taxa and the marked differences in the male genitalia suggest that they are in fact separate species, though probably phylogenetically closely related.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5F0DCDB10A6EFFAB7B0C3FD699A921F4" author="Zikan" box="[1032,1276,692,717]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" refString="Zikan, J. F. (1928) Die Macro-Lepidoptera des Itatiaya (Sudabhang bei Campo-Bello). Entomologische Rundschau, 45 (5), 19 - 20." type="journal article" year="1928">J. F. Zikán (1928: 19)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggested the presence of a new species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A6EFFAB7EEE3FBB9F1521D7" box="[490,576,728,751]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7EEE3FBB9F1521D7" box="[490,576,728,751]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Anteros</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A6EFFAB7D6D3FB49FEF21C8" box="[617,698,727,752]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Itatiaia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="8" pageNumber="412" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Itatiaia</taxonomicName>
|
||
, state of Rio de Janeiro,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="438BF0D00A6EFFAB7CDE3FB4997721C8" box="[986,1058,727,752]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Twenty four years later, a paper describing new riodinids by J. F. Zikán published posthumously by his son W.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5F0DCDB10A6EFFAB7B0D3F9F984E202D" box="[1033,1307,764,789]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" refString="Zikan, J. F. (1952) Beschreibung neuer Lepidopteren-Arten, Rassen und Varietaten aus Brasilien nebst kritischen Bemerkungen zu bereits bekannten. Dusenia (Curitiba), 3 (1), 11 - 50." type="journal article">Zikán (J. F. Zikán 1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, should but did not include the description of the new species indicated in the 1928 paper. The name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A6EFFAB7B933E439CFB2065" authority="J. F. Zikan & W. Zikan, 1968" authorityName="J. F. Zikan & W. Zikan" authorityYear="1968" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decoratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7B933E4398362000" box="[1175,1379,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Anteros decoratus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5F0DCDB10A6EFFAB7A693E439CFB2065" author="Zikan" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" refString="Zikan, J. F. & Zikan, W. (1968) Inseto-fauna do Itatiaia e da Mantiqueira. III. Lepidoptera. Pesquisa agropecuaria brasileira (Agronomia), 3, 45 - 109." type="journal article" year="1968">J. F. Zikán & W. Zikán, 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7EBD3E279F672065" bold="true" box="[441,562,836,861]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">nom. nud.</emphasis>
|
||
, was later erroneously cited by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5F0DCDB10A6EFFAB7C9D3E2699B82065" author="Zikan" box="[921,1261,836,861]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" refString="Zikan, J. F. & Zikan, W. (1968) Inseto-fauna do Itatiaia e da Mantiqueira. III. Lepidoptera. Pesquisa agropecuaria brasileira (Agronomia), 3, 45 - 109." type="journal article" year="1968">J. F. Zikán & W. Zikán (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as having been described by J. F. Zikán in the 1952 paper. The correspondence between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A6EFFAB7CC73E0B9D87209D" authority="J. F. Zikan & W. Zikan, 1968" authorityName="J. F. Zikan & W. Zikan" authorityYear="1968" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decoratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7CC73E0B99DB20B8" box="[963,1166,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Anteros decoratus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5F0DCDB10A6EFFAB7B913E0B9D87209D" author="Zikan" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" refString="Zikan, J. F. & Zikan, W. (1968) Inseto-fauna do Itatiaia e da Mantiqueira. III. Lepidoptera. Pesquisa agropecuaria brasileira (Agronomia), 3, 45 - 109." type="journal article" year="1968">J. F. Zikán & W. Zikán, 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7FD93EEF9C03209D" bold="true" box="[221,342,908,933]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">nom. nud.</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A6EFFAB7E893EEF9CBA209D" box="[397,495,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zikani" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7E893EEF9CBA209D" box="[397,495,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">A. zikani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="12DBD1290A6EFFAB7EFA3EEF9F0D209D" box="[510,600,908,933]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7EFA3EEF9F0D209D" bold="true" box="[510,600,908,933]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is confirmed by the examination of the specimens collected by J. F. Zikán and deposited in the
|
||
<collectionCode id="5D8D28850A6EFFAB7E7B3ED39CE620F0" box="[383,435,944,968]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5rz8-qnyy" name="Colecao de Culturas de Fungos do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">IOC</collectionCode>
|
||
. A specimen from the same locality as those cited by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5F0DCDB10A6EFFAB7B083ED3998620F0" author="Zikan" box="[1036,1235,943,968]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" refString="Zikan, J. F. (1928) Die Macro-Lepidoptera des Itatiaya (Sudabhang bei Campo-Bello). Entomologische Rundschau, 45 (5), 19 - 20." type="journal article" year="1928">J. F. Zikán (1928)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5F0DCDB10A6EFFAB7A0E3ED39C0520D5" author="Zikan" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" refString="Zikan, J. F. & Zikan, W. (1968) Inseto-fauna do Itatiaia e da Mantiqueira. III. Lepidoptera. Pesquisa agropecuaria brasileira (Agronomia), 3, 45 - 109." type="journal article" year="1968">J. F. Zikán & W. Zikán (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is here designated as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="E4270EE20A6EFFAB7D763EB79F8D20D5" box="[626,728,980,1005]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5F0DCDB10A6EFFAB7DE73EB79EC820D4" author="Ebert" box="[739,925,980,1005]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" refString="Ebert, H. (1969) On the frequency of butterflies in Eastern Brazil, with a list of the butterfly fauna of Pocos de Caldas, Minas Gerais. Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society, 23 (3), 1 - 48." type="journal article" year="1969">Ebert (1969: 47)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also suggested the presence of a new species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A6EFFAB7FBD3E9B9C5A2737" box="[185,271,1016,1039]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7FBD3E9B9C5A2737" box="[185,271,1016,1039]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Anteros</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Poços de Caldas, Minas Gerais, and acknowledged its proximity to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A6EFFAB7B5E3E9B985A2728" box="[1114,1295,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrysoprasta">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7B5E3E9B985A2728" box="[1114,1295,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">A. chrysoprasta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(misspelled therein as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A6EFFAB7E0F397F9C92270D" box="[267,455,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrysoprastus">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7E0F397F9C92270D" box="[267,455,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">A. chrysoprastus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); this record certainly also corresponds to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A6EFFAB7CAC397F995F270D" box="[936,1034,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zikani" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7CAC397F995F270D" box="[936,1034,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">A. zikani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="12DBD1290A6EFFAB7B1C397F9927270D" box="[1048,1138,1052,1077]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7B1C397F9927270D" bold="true" box="[1048,1138,1052,1077]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A6EFFAB7B7D397F984F270D" box="[1145,1306,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zikani" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7B7D397F984F270D" box="[1145,1306,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Anteros zikani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="12DBD1290A6EFFAB7A2C397F98D7270D" box="[1320,1410,1052,1077]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7A2C397F98D7270D" bold="true" box="[1320,1410,1052,1077]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is described based on the four known specimens, two males (the
|
||
<typeStatus id="E4270EE20A6EFFAB7C6E395C9E992760" box="[874,972,1087,1112]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and one
|
||
<typeStatus id="E4270EE20A6EFFAB7B3D392399CE2760" box="[1081,1179,1088,1112]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
) and two females (the allotype and one
|
||
<typeStatus id="E4270EE20A6EFFAB7E5139079CEE2744" box="[341,443,1124,1148]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
). Considering the small number of known specimens and range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A6EFFAB7B9B390798552745" box="[1183,1280,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zikani" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7B9B390798552745" box="[1183,1280,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">A. zikani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="12DBD1290A6EFFAB7A09390798332745" box="[1293,1382,1124,1149]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7A09390798332745" bold="true" box="[1293,1382,1124,1149]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, and that the last record is from about 40 years ago, this species is potentially endangered and should be included in future conservation projects.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3B23B0400A6EFFAB7FC339AC99252517" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1583]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
|
||
The examination of specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A6EFFAB7D4539B39FA727D0" box="[577,754,1231,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrysoprasta">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7D4539B39FA727D0" box="[577,754,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">A. chrysoprasta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and associated taxonomic names led us to describe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A6EFFAB7A3739B398C027D0" box="[1331,1429,1231,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zikani" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7A3739B398C027D0" box="[1331,1429,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">A. zikani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="12DBD1290A6EFFAB7F9339979DA72635" box="[151,242,1268,1293]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7F9339979DA72635" bold="true" box="[151,242,1268,1293]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and to reinstate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A6EFFAB7EB739979ED22635" authority="Godman & Salvin, 1886" authorityName="Godman & Salvin" authorityYear="1886" box="[435,903,1268,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="roratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7EB739979F362634" box="[435,611,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Anteros roratus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5F0DCDB10A6EFFAB7D6939979ED22635" author="Godman" box="[621,903,1268,1293]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" refString="Godman, F. D. & Salvin, O. (1886) Biologia Centrali-Americana. In: Insecta. Lepidoptera-Rhopalocera, 1 (44). Dulau & Co., Bernard Quaritch, London, pp. 401 - 440." type="book chapter" year="1886">Godman & Salvin, 1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7C90399799512635" bold="true" box="[916,1028,1268,1293]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">stat. rest.</emphasis>
|
||
, as a valid species.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A6EFFAB7BEF399798CE2634" box="[1259,1435,1268,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="roratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7BEF399798CE2634" box="[1259,1435,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Anteros roratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described based on an unstated number of males and females from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="438BF0D00A6EFFAB7CDA3874990F2608" box="[990,1114,1303,1328]" name="Guatemala" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="438BF0D00A6EFFAB7B6C3874998B2608" box="[1128,1246,1303,1328]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="438BF0D00A6EFFAB7BE9387B983C2608" box="[1261,1385,1303,1328]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="438BF0D00A6EFFAB7F93385E9DA6266C" box="[151,243,1341,1364]" name="Panama" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A6EFFAB7D66385F9E40266D" box="[610,789,1340,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrysoprasta">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7D66385F9E40266D" box="[610,789,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">A. chrysoprasta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the upper side of the male forewing, usually entirely dark brown, by the presence of two additional silvery-green spots in M2–M3 and M3–CuA1 on the hind wing under side (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5F0DCDB10A6EFFAB7FD238E59F0926A7" author="DeVries" box="[214,604,1414,1439]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" refString="DeVries, P. J. (1997) The Butterflies of Costa Rica and their natural history. Volume II: Riodinidae. Princeton University Press, Princeton, xxvi + 288 pp." type="book" year="1997">DeVries 1997: pl. 14, figs 26–27</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); and by the slender distal projections of the valva (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A3A7ACC50A6EFFAB7BC538E5984C26A7" box="[1217,1305,1414,1439]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 – 27" captionStartId="4.[151,260,1613,1635]" captionTargetBox="[150,1430,895,1601]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[145,1430,895,1603]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 23 – 27. Genitalia of species of Anteros Hübner, [1819]. 23 – 24. A aliceae, sp. nov.; 23. male, lateral; 24. valvae, ventral; 25 – 26. A. formosus (Cramer, 1777); 25. male, lateral; 26. valvae, ventral; 27. A. aliceae, sp. nov., female, ventral. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/225334/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
|
||
). The male genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A6EFFAB7E2538C89C8026FB" box="[289,469,1450,1475]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrysoprasta">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7E2538C89C8026FB" box="[289,469,1450,1475]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">A. chrysoprasta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A6EFFAB7D1438C89FD626FB" box="[528,643,1451,1475]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="roratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7D1438C89FD626FB" box="[528,643,1451,1475]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">A. roratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7D9038C99E5626FB" bold="true" box="[660,771,1450,1475]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">stat. rest.</emphasis>
|
||
, are consistently different from that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A6EFFAB7BCF38C8986526FB" box="[1227,1328,1450,1475]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zikani" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7BCF38C8986526FB" box="[1227,1328,1450,1475]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">A. zikani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="12DBD1290A6EFFAB7A4438C998C926FB" box="[1344,1436,1450,1475]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7A4438C998C926FB" bold="true" box="[1344,1436,1450,1475]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Based on the literature (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5F0DCDB10A6EFFAB7EAD38AD9FEB26DF" author="Godman" box="[425,702,1486,1511]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" refString="Godman, F. D. & Salvin, O. (1886) Biologia Centrali-Americana. In: Insecta. Lepidoptera-Rhopalocera, 1 (44). Dulau & Co., Bernard Quaritch, London, pp. 401 - 440." type="book chapter" year="1886">Godman & Salvin 1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5F0DCDB10A6EFFAB7DCF38AD9E0F26DF" author="Stichel" box="[715,858,1486,1511]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" refString="Stichel, H. F. E. J. (1911). Fam. Riodinidae. Allgemeines-Subfam. Riodininae. Genera Insectorum, 112 (B), 239 - 452." type="journal article" year="1911">Stichel 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5F0DCDB10A6EFFAB7C6C38AC9EF626DF" author="Stichel" box="[872,931,1487,1511]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" refString="Stichel, H. F. E. J. (1930) Riodinidae. Lepidopterorum Catalogus, 40, 113 - 544." type="journal article" year="1930">1930</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5F0DCDB10A6EFFAB7CB438AD997926DF" author="Seitz" box="[944,1068,1486,1511]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" refString="Seitz, A. (1917) Familie Erycinidae [continued]. In: Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde. Vol. 5. Alfred Kernen, Stuttgart, pp. 681 - 688." type="book" year="1917">Seitz 1917</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5F0DCDB10A6EFFAB7B3D38AD998D26DF" author="DeVries" box="[1081,1240,1486,1511]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" refString="DeVries, P. J. (1997) The Butterflies of Costa Rica and their natural history. Volume II: Riodinidae. Princeton University Press, Princeton, xxvi + 288 pp." type="book" year="1997">DeVries 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5F0DCDB10A6EFFAB7BE138AD9D872533" author="Rodriguez" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" refString="Rodriguez, G., Constantino, L. M. & Salazar, J. A. (2010) Estudio sobre las especies colombianas de Anteros Hubner [1819] (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae). Boletin Cientifico Museo de Historial Natural (Manizales), 14 (1), 221 - 251." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Rodríguez
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7A6638B398C926DF" box="[1378,1436,1486,1511]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5F0DCDB10A6EFFAB7FE538909C952533" author="Warren" box="[225,448,1522,1547]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" refString="Warren, A. D., Davis, K. J., Stangeland, E. M., Pelham, J. P. & Grishin, N. V. (2014) Illustrated lists of American butterflies (North and South America). Available from: http: // butterfliesofamerica. com / L / Neotropical. htm (Accessed 12 Feb 2014)" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Warren
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7E3A38979C2E2533" box="[318,379,1522,1547]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and specimens deposited in the
|
||
<collectionCode id="5D8D28850A6EFFAB7C4838909EC82533" box="[844,925,1523,1547]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">MGCL</collectionCode>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectionCode id="5D8D28850A6EFFAB7CD8389099652533" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[988,1072,1523,1547]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC9CCBC30A6EFFAB7B44389099A62533" box="[1088,1267,1523,1547]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Anteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="roratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7B44389099A62533" box="[1088,1267,1523,1547]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Anteros roratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="09E86C520A6EFFAB7A01389198222533" bold="true" box="[1285,1399,1522,1547]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">stat. rest.</emphasis>
|
||
, is distributed in southern Central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="438BF0D00A6EFFAB7EF73B759F062517" box="[499,595,1558,1583]" name="United States of America" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">America</collectingCountry>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="438BF0D00A6EFFAB7D733B749F852517" box="[631,720,1559,1583]" name="Panama" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Panamá</collectingCountry>
|
||
and northern and western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="438BF0D00A6EFFAB7CFE3B7599382517" box="[1018,1133,1558,1583]" name="Colombia" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |