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<mods:title id="263A3A013A82B81A6F47FEE0BC282CD9">Review of freshwater Bryozoa (Phylactolaemata) of Central Africa with descriptions of two new species</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="204036D6FFC49B2EFF3CF9BB0678465F" blockId="2.[151,808,1537,1600]" box="[151,808,1537,1564]" pageId="2" pageNumber="583">
<heading id="7B0881BAFFC49B2EFF3CF9BB0678465F" bold="true" box="[151,808,1537,1564]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="583" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="E7FF4D55FFC49B2EFF3CF9BB0678465F" authorityName="Kraepelin" authorityYear="1914" box="[151,808,1537,1564]" class="Phylactolaemata" family="Lophopodidae" genus="Lophopodella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plumatellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="583" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="variety" species="capensis" variety="michaelseni">
<emphasis id="128BEAC4FFC49B2EFF3CF9BB0678465F" bold="true" box="[151,808,1537,1564]" pageId="2" pageNumber="583">
<emphasis id="128BEAC4FFC49B2EFF3CF9BB04FC4658" bold="true" box="[151,428,1537,1564]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="583">Lophopodella capensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="446E4B27FFC49B2EFE10F9BB07014658" author="Sollas, I. B. G." box="[443,593,1537,1563]" pageId="2" pageNumber="583" pagination="264 - 273" refId="ref12070" refString="Sollas, I. B. G. (1908) A new freshwater Polyzoon from South Africa. Annals of the Magazine of Natural History, 2, 264 - 273. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930808692483" type="journal article" year="1908">Sollas, 1908</bibRefCitation>
) var.
<emphasis id="128BEAC4FFC49B2EFD3CF9BB0678465F" bold="true" box="[663,808,1537,1564]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="583">michaelseni</emphasis>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="68E5655DFFC49B2EFF3CF99F05A84603" box="[151,248,1573,1600]" pageId="2" pageNumber="583" type="description">
<paragraph id="204036D6FFC49B2EFF3CF99F05A84603" blockId="2.[151,808,1537,1600]" box="[151,248,1573,1600]" pageId="2" pageNumber="583">
(
<figureCitation id="B8C42A53FFC49B2EFF0BF99F05BE4603" box="[160,238,1573,1600]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1913,1937]" captionTargetBox="[240,1397,1315,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-428@3.[153,1435,1295,1889]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Lophopodella statoblasts from the MRAC collection and from illustrations by Kraepelin (1914). (a) Specimen No. 201, Lophopodella capensis var. michaelseni; (b) Specimen No. 202, L. stuhlmanni with broad polar truncation; (c) L. thomasi with narrow polar truncation; (d) L. stuhlmanni (fig. 1c, d from Kraepelin, 1914). Scale bar for all statoblasts = 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4397991" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4397991/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="583">Fig. 1a</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="68E5655DFFC49B2EFF3CF9DF06E246F9" pageId="2" pageNumber="583" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="204036D6FFC49B2EFF3CF9DF07E5463E" blockId="2.[151,946,1637,1722]" box="[151,693,1637,1661]" pageId="2" pageNumber="583">
<taxonomicName id="E7FF4D55FFC49B2EFF3CF9DF077B463E" authority="Sollas, 1908: p. 264" authorityName="Sollas" authorityPageNumber="264" authorityYear="1908" box="[151,555,1637,1661]" class="Phylactolaemata" family="Lophopodidae" genus="Lophopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plumatellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="583" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="capensis">
<emphasis id="128BEAC4FFC49B2EFF3CF9DF0408463F" box="[151,344,1637,1661]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="583">Lophopus capensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="446E4B27FFC49B2EFEF4F9DF04B0463E" author="Sollas, I. B. G." box="[351,480,1637,1661]" pageId="2" pageNumber="583" pagination="264 - 273" refId="ref12070" refString="Sollas, I. B. G. (1908) A new freshwater Polyzoon from South Africa. Annals of the Magazine of Natural History, 2, 264 - 273. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930808692483" type="journal article" year="1908">Sollas, 1908</bibRefCitation>
: p. 264
</taxonomicName>
, text figs 18
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="204036D6FFC49B2EFF3CF93906FD46D8" blockId="2.[151,946,1637,1722]" box="[151,941,1667,1691]" pageId="2" pageNumber="583">
<taxonomicName id="E7FF4D55FFC49B2EFF3CF93907A546D8" authority=", Kraepelin, 1914: p. 63" authorityName="Kraepelin" authorityPageNumber="63" authorityYear="1914" box="[151,757,1667,1691]" class="Phylactolaemata" family="Lophopodidae" genus="Lophopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plumatellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="583" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="variety" species="capensis" variety="michaelseni">
<emphasis id="128BEAC4FFC49B2EFF3CF939040846D8" box="[151,344,1667,1691]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="583">Lophopus capensis</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="128BEAC4FFC49B2EFE20F939075446D8" box="[395,516,1667,1691]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="583">michaelseni</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation id="446E4B27FFC49B2EFDBBF93907E746D8" author="Kraepelin, K." box="[528,695,1667,1691]" pageId="2" pageNumber="583" pagination="55 - 69" refId="ref11351" refString="Kraepelin, K. (1914) Bryozoa. In: Michaelsen, W. (Ed.), Betrage zur Kenntnis der Land- und Susswasserfauna Deutsch-Sudwestafrujas. Friederichsen, Hamburg, pp. 55 - 69." type="book chapter" year="1914">Kraepelin, 1914</bibRefCitation>
: p. 63
</taxonomicName>
, pl. I, figs 4, 6, 11
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="204036D6FFC49B2EFF3CF91806E246F9" blockId="2.[151,946,1637,1722]" box="[151,946,1698,1722]" pageId="2" pageNumber="583">
<taxonomicName id="E7FF4D55FFC49B2EFF3CF918072646F9" ID-CoL="3W3X8" authority=": Hastings, 1929: p. 130" authorityName=": Hastings" authorityPageNumber="130" authorityYear="1929" box="[151,630,1698,1722]" class="Phylactolaemata" family="Lophopodidae" genus="Lophopodella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plumatellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="583" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="capensis">
<emphasis id="128BEAC4FFC49B2EFF3CF91804D146F9" box="[151,385,1698,1722]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="583">Lophopodella capensis</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="446E4B27FFC49B2EFE24F918077A46F9" author="Hastings, A. B." box="[399,554,1698,1722]" pageId="2" pageNumber="583" pagination="300 - 311" refId="ref10996" refString="Hastings, A. B. (1929) Notes on some little-known phylactolaematous polyzoa and description of a new species from Tahiti. Annals of the Magazine of Natural History, 10, 300 - 311. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932908672974" type="journal article" year="1929">Hastings, 1929</bibRefCitation>
: p. 130
</taxonomicName>
, figs 1, 2;
<bibRefCitation id="446E4B27FFC49B2EFD4BF919063F46F9" author="Marcus, E." box="[736,879,1698,1722]" pageId="2" pageNumber="583" pagination="501 - 606" refId="ref11528" refString="Marcus, E. (1934) Uber Lophopus crystallinus (Pall.). Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Anatomie und Ontogenie der Tiere, 58, 501 - 606." type="journal article" year="1934">Marcus, 1934</bibRefCitation>
: p. 34.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="204036D6FFC49B2EFF3CF95804584701" blockId="2.[151,1437,1762,2036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="583">
<emphasis id="128BEAC4FFC49B2EFF3CF95804D346BF" bold="true" box="[151,387,1762,1788]" pageId="2" pageNumber="583">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="90973C8BFFC49B2EFE27F95904544701" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3014875309" country="Namibia" county="Neudamm" location="Zoologische Museum in Hamburg" municipality="Windhoek. The" pageId="2" pageNumber="583" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Khomas" typeStatus="paratype">
No. 201 (labeled “
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”) collected in
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at a plateau lake in the
<collectingRegion id="E23BF834FFC49B2EFB4EF95800CC46BF" box="[1253,1436,1762,1788]" country="Namibia" name="Khomas" pageId="2" pageNumber="583">Khomas Region</collectingRegion>
near
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, about
<quantity id="E7079B33FFC49B2EFE0BF8BF04BA475C" box="[416,490,1797,1823]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="583" unit="km" value="42.0">42 km</quantity>
northeast of
<collectingMunicipality id="C024ACACFFC49B2EFD2DF8BF0666475C" box="[646,822,1797,1823]" pageId="2" pageNumber="583">Windhoek. The</collectingMunicipality>
specimen is a gift from the
<location id="2520600DFFC49B2EFB2DF8BF04544701" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A85687C0FFC49B2FFF3CF9BB07454126:2520600DFFC49B2EFB2DF8BF04544701" country="Namibia" county="Neudamm" municipality="Windhoek. The" name="Zoologische Museum in Hamburg" pageId="2" pageNumber="583" stateProvince="Khomas">Zoologische Museum in Hamburg</location>
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="68E5655DFFC49B2EFF6CF8F1014847B0" pageId="2" pageNumber="583" type="description">
<paragraph id="204036D6FFC49B2EFF6CF8F1014847B0" blockId="2.[151,1437,1762,2036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="583">
<emphasis id="128BEAC4FFC49B2EFF6CF8F104094726" bold="true" box="[199,345,1867,1893]" pageId="2" pageNumber="583">Description.</emphasis>
In life,
<taxonomicName id="E7FF4D55FFC49B2EFE1EF8F607E94726" authorityName=": Hastings" authorityYear="1929" box="[437,697,1868,1894]" class="Phylactolaemata" family="Lophopodidae" genus="Lophopodella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plumatellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="583" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="capensis">
<emphasis id="128BEAC4FFC49B2EFE1EF8F607E94726" box="[437,697,1868,1894]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="583">Lophopodella capensis</emphasis>
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has a gelatinous, nontubular colony up to
<quantity id="E7079B33FFC49B2EFB34F8F601BF4725" box="[1183,1263,1868,1894]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="583" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
in diameter. In typical lophopodid fashion, the zooids originate by budding at the outer periphery and gradually migrate towards the center. In this species the statoblast is distinguished by a prominent spine extending from each end and bearing minute hooks (
<figureCitation id="B8C42A53FFC49B2EFEC1F80F04EB478C" box="[362,443,1973,1999]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1913,1937]" captionTargetBox="[240,1397,1315,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-428@3.[153,1435,1295,1889]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Lophopodella statoblasts from the MRAC collection and from illustrations by Kraepelin (1914). (a) Specimen No. 201, Lophopodella capensis var. michaelseni; (b) Specimen No. 202, L. stuhlmanni with broad polar truncation; (c) L. thomasi with narrow polar truncation; (d) L. stuhlmanni (fig. 1c, d from Kraepelin, 1914). Scale bar for all statoblasts = 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4397991" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4397991/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="583">Fig. 1a</figureCitation>
). Unfortunately, the MRAC specimen was contracted into a tight mass and could not be examined without damaging the tissues. There are no more than two statoblasts.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="68E5655DFFC59B2FFF6CFF2D07454126" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="204036D6FFC59B2FFF6CFF2D07454126" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">
<emphasis id="128BEAC4FFC59B2FFF6CFF2D046B40F2" bold="true" box="[199,315,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">Remarks.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="446E4B27FFC59B2FFEEAFF2D075040F2" author="Kraepelin, K." box="[321,512,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" pagination="55 - 69" refId="ref11351" refString="Kraepelin, K. (1914) Bryozoa. In: Michaelsen, W. (Ed.), Betrage zur Kenntnis der Land- und Susswasserfauna Deutsch-Sudwestafrujas. Friederichsen, Hamburg, pp. 55 - 69." type="book chapter" year="1914">Kraepelin (1914)</bibRefCitation>
believed the
<emphasis id="128BEAC4FFC59B2FFD38FF2D064940F2" box="[659,793,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">michaelseni</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E7FF4D55FFC59B2FFCB4FF2D06CF40F2" box="[799,927,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" rank="variety" variety="was">variety was</taxonomicName>
warranted by details of the statoblast: a larger number of hooks on the spine, a slight truncation at the poles, and a broader, more rounded shape of the capsule. While these features are confirmed in the MRAC material (
<figureCitation id="B8C42A53FFC59B2FFCEBFF6506C140BA" box="[832,913,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1913,1937]" captionTargetBox="[240,1397,1315,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-428@3.[153,1435,1295,1889]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Lophopodella statoblasts from the MRAC collection and from illustrations by Kraepelin (1914). (a) Specimen No. 201, Lophopodella capensis var. michaelseni; (b) Specimen No. 202, L. stuhlmanni with broad polar truncation; (c) L. thomasi with narrow polar truncation; (d) L. stuhlmanni (fig. 1c, d from Kraepelin, 1914). Scale bar for all statoblasts = 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4397991" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4397991/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">Fig. 1a</figureCitation>
),
<bibRefCitation id="446E4B27FFC59B2FFC02FF65010F40BA" author="Hastings, A. B." box="[937,1119,223,249]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" pagination="300 - 311" refId="ref10996" refString="Hastings, A. B. (1929) Notes on some little-known phylactolaematous polyzoa and description of a new species from Tahiti. Annals of the Magazine of Natural History, 10, 300 - 311. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932908672974" type="journal article" year="1929">Hastings (1929)</bibRefCitation>
considered them to be well within the normal range of variation for this species. New material and genetic analysis should easily resolve this issue. The
<typeStatus id="FF448874FFC59B2FFEBAFE9D04114102" box="[273,321,295,321]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">type</typeStatus>
locality for
<taxonomicName id="E7FF4D55FFC59B2FFE66FE9D071C4103" authorityName=": Hastings" authorityYear="1929" box="[461,588,295,320]" class="Phylactolaemata" family="Lophopodidae" genus="Lophopodella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plumatellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="capensis">
<emphasis id="128BEAC4FFC59B2FFE66FE9D071C4103" box="[461,588,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">L. capensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is Florida Lake in
<collectingCountry id="58E87646FFC59B2FFC8EFE9D06E64102" box="[805,950,295,321]" name="South Africa" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">South Africa</collectingCountry>
, a 24 ha water body that is now part of the city park system of Johannesburg.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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