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<document id="9360BBF004C6D935CA81ED60C6C0456E" ID-CLB-Dataset="8118" ID-DOI="10.5252/z2010n1a2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4cecd899-5900-4411-8446-0d9552b1b098" ID-ISSN="1638-9387" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4520753" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1612808309234" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Randriamanantsoa, Richard, Aberlenc, Henri-Pierre, Ralisoa, Olga Bakoly, Ratnadass, Alain &amp; Vercambre, Bernard" docDate="2010" docId="901F8794FF9E746AFD5AFAE1FB0FFB62" docLanguage="fr" docName="Zoosystema.32.1.19-72.pdf" docOrigin="Zoosystema 32 (1)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2010n1a2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:E638A3C99FA728B529662B46F84D75FD.3:Zoosystema.2009-2010.journal_article" docStyleId="E638A3C99FA728B529662B46F84D75FD" docStyleName="Zoosystema.2009-2010.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Heteronychus plebeius" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="30" masterDocId="6C26FFECFF947461FFB5FFEDFF94FFE8" masterDocTitle="Les larves des Scarabaeoidea (Insecta, Coleoptera) en riziculture pluviale des régions de haute et moyenne altitudes du Centre de Madagascar" masterLastPageNumber="72" masterPageNumber="19" pageNumber="29" updateTime="1698928337295" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="4E87588E28ABE73CF71BE929D4D2BC71">Les larves des Scarabaeoidea (Insecta, Coleoptera) en riziculture pluviale des régions de haute et moyenne altitudes du Centre de Madagascar</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E9F12F2265A0E4A85F42C31AE2ED1DED">Randriamanantsoa, Richard</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="9C54DC090BE8FF38AE80D4A700719DE8">Fofifa - URP Scrid, 110 Antsirabe (Madagascar) r _ randriamanantsoa @ yahoo. fr</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F65011C5C8127AA86F54E342B4225F19">Aberlenc, Henri-Pierre</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2375EC378B4EDF992644843D369C3C87">Cirad Bios, UMR CBGP (INRA / IRD / Cirad / Montpellier SupAgro), Campus international de Baillarguet, Ta A- 55 / L, F- 34398 Montpellier cedex 5 (France) henri-pierre. aberlenc @ cirad. fr</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="B0B96B71440B7185F6B3DF7F048980CB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="F91E567A60284BAC950299314ACE3BFC">Ralisoa, Olga Bakoly</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="CDCEF011E001F6CF04C0A2A6DC68EDE6">Département dEntomologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université dAntananarivo, Antananarivo 101 (Madagascar)</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="D32847558E0DFDB99080F2FB987FC239">Ratnadass, Alain</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="ACA606852C05787F2C305E821C843D4A">Cirad, UPR HortSys - ICRISAT BP 12404, Niamey (Niger) a. ratnadass @ cgiar. org</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D039E890E0D17FD6F993DA94ADD64A3A" type="email">ratnadass@cgiar.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="560751EDD374696CEAA03F402C3C149E">Vercambre, Bernard</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="71D7F956DAAC0001CC65C124BA1A88A9">Cirad, UPR Systèmes de Cultures annuels, avenue Agropolis, F- 34398 Montpellier cedex 5 (France) bernard. vercambre @ cirad. fr</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="410C35F79606B76C02C55D1A901BEFB5" type="email">vercambre@cirad.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:date id="88FA6BA19C878AE52CF91AD432CBC522">2010</mods:date>
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<treatment id="901F8794FF9E746AFD5AFAE1FB0FFB62" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520713" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177425658" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4520713" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:901F8794FF9E746AFD5AFAE1FB0FFB62" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/901F8794FF9E746AFD5AFAE1FB0FFB62" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="50AC6509FF9E746BFD5AFAE1FBFBFAC0" box="[751,1135,1292,1320]" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="18093682FF9E746BFD5AFAE1FBFBFAC0" blockId="10.[735,1151,1292,1383]" box="[751,1135,1292,1320]" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="DFB64D01FF9E746BFD5AFAE1FBFBFAC0" authority="(Klug, 1833)" baseAuthorityName="Klug" baseAuthorityYear="1833" box="[751,1135,1292,1320]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Heteronychus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plebeius">
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF9E746BFD5AFAE1FC48FACF" bold="true" box="[751,988,1292,1319]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">Heteronychus plebeius</emphasis>
(Klug, 1833)
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="50AC6509FF9E746BFD6AFAC0FBF1FA8F" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" type="description">
<paragraph id="18093682FF9E746BFD6AFAC0FBF1FA8F" blockId="10.[735,1151,1292,1383]" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">
(
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF9E746BFD53FAC0FCA9FAA0" box="[742,829,1325,1352]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="29.[113,124,1567,1584]" captionTargetBox="[152,1172,222,1545]" captionTargetId="figure-18@29.[148,709,692,1169]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIG. 2. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar, habitus: A, Bricoptis variolosa (Gory &amp; Percheron, 1833); B, Celidota parvula (Janson, 1881); C, Anochilia bifida (Olivier, 1789); D, Euryomia argentea (Olivier, 1789); E, Heteronychus arator rugifrons (Fairmaire, 1871); F, Heteronychus bituberculatus (Kolbe, 1900); G, Heteronychus plebeius (Klug, 1833); H, Hexodon unicolor (Olivier, 1789); I, Heteroconus paradoxus (Endrödi,1968); J, Paramorphochelus cornutus (Nonfried,1892); K, Encya sikorai (Brenske,1891); L, Apicencya waterloti (Dewailly, 1950); M, Empecta scutata (Fairmaire,1901); N, Hoplochelus betanimena (Künckel,1887); O, Triodontus nitidulus (Guérin, 1844). Échelles: A-I, K, L, N, 5 mm; J, O, 2 mm; M, 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520757" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520757/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">Figs 2G</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF9E746BFCFBFAC0FCE7FAA0" box="[846,883,1325,1352]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="30.[113,124,1612,1629]" captionTargetBox="[139,1184,217,1560]" captionTargetId="figure-21@30.[139,1184,217,1561]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIG. 3. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar, raster: A, Bricoptis variolosa (Gory &amp; Percheron, 1833); B, Celidota parvula (Janson, 1881); C, sp. C1; D, Anochilia bifida (Olivier, 1789); E, Euryomia argentea (Olivier, 1789); F, Heteronychus arator rugifrons (Fairmaire, 1871); G, Heteronychus bituberculatus (Kolbe, 1900); H, Heteronychus plebeius (Klug, 1833). Échelles: A-C, G, H, 1 mm; D, 0,5 mm; E, F, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520761" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520761/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">3H</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF9E746BFC31FAC0FC21FAA0" box="[900,949,1325,1352]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="37.[113,124,1589,1606]" captionTargetBox="[146,1173,219,1547]" captionTargetId="figure-14@37.[146,1173,218,1547]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIG. 10. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar,hypopharynx: A, Bricoptis variolosa (Gory &amp; Percheron,1833); B, Celidota parvula (Janson, 1881); C, Anochilia bifida (Olivier, 1789); D, Euryomia argentea (Olivier, 1789); E, Heteronychus arator rugifrons (Fairmaire, 1871); F, Heteronychus bituberculatus (Kolbe, 1900); G, Heteronychus plebeius (Klug, 1833); H, Hexodon unicolor (Olivier, 1789); I, Heteroconus paradoxus (Endrödi,1968); J, Paranodon coquerelii (Fairmaire,1871); K, Paramorphochelus cornutus (Nonfried,1892); L, Encya sikorai (Brenske, 1891). Échelles: A, J, 0,2 mm; C, D, F, G, I, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520783" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520783/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">10G</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF9E746BFC72FAC0FC62FAA0" box="[967,1014,1325,1352]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="38.[113,124,1612,1629]" captionTargetBox="[135,1187,223,1570]" captionTargetId="figure-22@38.[135,1188,218,1576]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIG. 11. — Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar: A, Heteronychus plebeius (Klug, 1833), épipharynx; B, Triodontus nitidulus (Guérin, 1844), imago, habitus; C, D, Encya sikorai (Brenske, 1891), nymphe, apex de labdomen, face ventrale; C, mâle; D, femelle; E-H, Heteronychus plebeius (Klug, 1833), mandibule; E, gauche, face dorsale; F, gauche, face ventrale; G, droite, face dorsale; H, droite, face ventrale. Échelles: A, E-H, 0,5 mm; B-D, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520785" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520785/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">11A</figureCitation>
, E-H; 12G; 13B; 16M; 19C; 21J-Q; 25H-J)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="50AC6509FF9E746BFD10FA61FC6FF94C" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="18093682FF9E746BFD10FA61FCE1FA4D" blockId="10.[675,1212,1420,1700]" box="[677,885,1420,1447]" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18093682FF9E746BFD10FA46FC6FF94C" blockId="10.[675,1212,1420,1700]" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">
Larves provenant de Sakay, de Kianjasoa, de Maharefo et dIvato. Lespèce a été collectée dans des cultures de Riz pluvial (
<taxonomicName id="DFB64D01FF9E746BFC1AFA06FBA1F9EC" box="[943,1077,1515,1541]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Oryza" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sativa">
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF9E746BFC1AFA06FBA1F9EC" box="[943,1077,1515,1541]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">Oryza sativa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), de Napier (
<taxonomicName id="DFB64D01FF9E746BFD1AF9E6FC34F9CC" box="[687,928,1547,1572]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Pennisetum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="10" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="purpureum">
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF9E746BFD1AF9E6FC34F9CC" box="[687,928,1547,1572]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">Pennisetum purpureum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), situées en haut de pente.
<typeStatus id="C70D8820FF9E746BFD10F9C7FD4EF9AD" box="[677,730,1578,1605]" pageId="10" pageNumber="29">Type</typeStatus>
de sol: alluvionnaire, de couleur noire, riche en matière organique. Spécimens conservés dans les collections du Fofifa (4 larves), du Cirad-CBGP (3 larves) et du MNHN (2 larves).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="50AC6509FF9F746AFFC4FF35FB0FFB62" pageId="11" pageNumber="30" type="description">
<paragraph id="18093682FF9F746AFFC4FF35FE96FF19" blockId="11.[113,449,216,275]" box="[113,258,216,243]" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18093682FF9F746AFFC4FF15FE55FEFB" blockId="11.[113,449,216,275]" box="[113,449,248,275]" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">
Couleur blanc ivoire (
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF9F746AFEE8FF15FE21FEFB" box="[349,437,248,275]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="29.[113,124,1567,1584]" captionTargetBox="[152,1172,222,1545]" captionTargetId="figure-18@29.[148,709,692,1169]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIG. 2. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar, habitus: A, Bricoptis variolosa (Gory &amp; Percheron, 1833); B, Celidota parvula (Janson, 1881); C, Anochilia bifida (Olivier, 1789); D, Euryomia argentea (Olivier, 1789); E, Heteronychus arator rugifrons (Fairmaire, 1871); F, Heteronychus bituberculatus (Kolbe, 1900); G, Heteronychus plebeius (Klug, 1833); H, Hexodon unicolor (Olivier, 1789); I, Heteroconus paradoxus (Endrödi,1968); J, Paramorphochelus cornutus (Nonfried,1892); K, Encya sikorai (Brenske,1891); L, Apicencya waterloti (Dewailly, 1950); M, Empecta scutata (Fairmaire,1901); N, Hoplochelus betanimena (Künckel,1887); O, Triodontus nitidulus (Guérin, 1844). Échelles: A-I, K, L, N, 5 mm; J, O, 2 mm; M, 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520757" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520757/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">Fig. 2G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18093682FF9F746AFFC4FEDAFF0FFEB9" blockId="11.[113,648,311,528]" box="[113,155,311,337]" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF9F746AFFC4FEDAFF0FFEB9" box="[113,155,311,337]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">Tête</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18093682FF9F746AFFC4FEBAFE6BFDF8" blockId="11.[113,648,311,528]" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">Couleur jaunâtre sombre. Épicrâne avec 2 soies dorso-épicraniales et 4 soies latéro-externes disposées symétriquement. Front avec 2 soies frontales antérieures et 2 soies frontales postérieures. 1 soie dans langle frontal. Clypéus transverse avec 1 soie latérale externe et 2 soies antérieures.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18093682FF9F746AFFC4FDD9FD82FD06" blockId="11.[111,647,564,750]" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF9F746AFFC4FDD9FF4DFDA6" bold="true" box="[113,217,564,590]" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">Antennes</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF9F746AFF5CFDD9FEDBFDA7" box="[233,335,564,591]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="39.[113,124,1567,1584]" captionTargetBox="[118,1207,216,1486]" captionTargetId="figure-14@39.[118,1207,216,1486]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIG. 12. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar: A-E, hypopharynx; A, Enaria melanictera (Klug, 1833); B, Apicencya waterloti (Dewailly, 1950); C, Empecta scutata (Fairmaire, 1901); D, Hoplochelus betanimena (Künckel, 1887); E, Triodontus nitidulus (Guérin, 1844); F-O, antenne; F, Anochilia bifida (Olivier, 1789); G, Heteronychus plebeius (Klug, 1833); H, Hexodon unicolor (Olivier, 1789); I, Heteroconus paradoxus (Endrödi,1968); J, Paranodon coquerelii (Fairmaire,1871); K-M, Encya sikorai (Brenske,1891); L, M, plages sensorielles de larticle apical; N, Apicencya waterloti (Dewailly, 1950); O, Empecta scutata (Fairmaire, 1901). Échelles: A, F, G, I, J, O, 0,5 mm; E, L, M, 0,2 mm; H, K, N, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520787/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">Fig. 12G</figureCitation>
). Article II un peu plus long que les autres (les longueurs respectives des articles sont: I = 1; II = 1,4; III = 1,16; IV = 1,08). Une aire sensorielle apico-latérale sur lavant-dernier article. Dernier article antennaire avec 3 plages sensorielles: 2 ventrales et une grande plage dorsale.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18093682FF9F746AFFC4FCFFFE6CFBC3" blockId="11.[111,648,786,1067]" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF9F746AFFC4FCFFFF24FCC4" bold="true" box="[113,176,786,812]" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">Labre</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF9F746AFF74FCFFFEB1FCC5" box="[193,293,786,813]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="40.[113,124,1612,1629]" captionTargetBox="[116,1208,217,1563]" captionTargetId="figure-21@40.[113,1202,214,1628]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIG. 13. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar: A-E, labre; A, Anochilia bifida (Olivier, 1789); B, Heteronychus plebeius (Klug, 1833); C, Paramorphochelus cornutus (Nonfried, 1892); D, Enaria melanictera (Klug, 1833); E, Triodontus nitidulus (Guérin, 1844); F-J, Celidota parvula (Janson, 1881), mandibule; F, gauche, face dorsale; G, gauche, face ventrale; H, droite, face dorsale; I, droite, face ventrale; J, aire stridulatoire mandibulaire. Échelles: A, B, D, F-I, 1 mm; C, E, J, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520793/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">Fig. 13B</figureCitation>
). Transverse, asymétrique. Zone médiane du bord antérieur peu saillante, formant à peine un lobe médian, légèrement différencié du côté droit, avec 4 soies antérieures externes et 2 soies antérieures internes. De part et dautre, 3 soies latéro-antérieures externes et 2 soies latéro-antérieures internes, puis une longue soie latérale.2 longues soies labro-internes en avant du milieu. 4 soies postérieures (en 2 groupes transverses de 2 soies).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18093682FF9F746AFFC4FBA2FE65FAA0" blockId="11.[111,649,1103,1352]" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF9F746AFFC4FBA2FF66FB82" bold="true" box="[113,242,1103,1130]" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">Épipharynx</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF9F746AFEB7FBA2FEF2FB82" box="[258,358,1103,1130]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="38.[113,124,1612,1629]" captionTargetBox="[135,1187,223,1570]" captionTargetId="figure-22@38.[135,1188,218,1576]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIG. 11. — Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar: A, Heteronychus plebeius (Klug, 1833), épipharynx; B, Triodontus nitidulus (Guérin, 1844), imago, habitus; C, D, Encya sikorai (Brenske, 1891), nymphe, apex de labdomen, face ventrale; C, mâle; D, femelle; E-H, Heteronychus plebeius (Klug, 1833), mandibule; E, gauche, face dorsale; F, gauche, face ventrale; G, droite, face dorsale; H, droite, face ventrale. Échelles: A, E-H, 0,5 mm; B-D, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520785" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520785/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">Fig. 11A</figureCitation>
). Haptomère formant une saillie sclérifiée redressée.Aire pédiale glabre, traversée par un sillon sinueux. Chaetoparia dissymétriques à rangs concentriques de soies convergeant vers laire pédiale, plus épaisses en avant et à lintérieur, plus fines à la périphérie. Acanthoparia avec 12 à 15 courtes soies lamelliformes incurvées vers lavant. Corypha composé de soies épaisses.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18093682FF9F746AFFC4FA81FEE4F94C" blockId="11.[111,649,1388,1700]" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF9F746AFFC4FA81FF63FA6E" bold="true" box="[113,247,1388,1414]" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">Mandibules</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF9F746AFEBCFA81FEC3FA6F" box="[265,343,1388,1415]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="38.[113,124,1612,1629]" captionTargetBox="[135,1187,223,1570]" captionTargetId="figure-22@38.[135,1188,218,1576]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIG. 11. — Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar: A, Heteronychus plebeius (Klug, 1833), épipharynx; B, Triodontus nitidulus (Guérin, 1844), imago, habitus; C, D, Encya sikorai (Brenske, 1891), nymphe, apex de labdomen, face ventrale; C, mâle; D, femelle; E-H, Heteronychus plebeius (Klug, 1833), mandibule; E, gauche, face dorsale; F, gauche, face ventrale; G, droite, face dorsale; H, droite, face ventrale. Échelles: A, E-H, 0,5 mm; B-D, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520785" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520785/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
E-H). Aire scissoriale de la mandibule gauche avec une forte dent apicale pointue, les deuxième et troisième dents petites et saillantes (
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF9F746AFEB2FA26FE19FA0E" box="[263,397,1483,1510]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="38.[113,124,1612,1629]" captionTargetBox="[135,1187,223,1570]" captionTargetId="figure-22@38.[135,1188,218,1576]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIG. 11. — Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar: A, Heteronychus plebeius (Klug, 1833), épipharynx; B, Triodontus nitidulus (Guérin, 1844), imago, habitus; C, D, Encya sikorai (Brenske, 1891), nymphe, apex de labdomen, face ventrale; C, mâle; D, femelle; E-H, Heteronychus plebeius (Klug, 1833), mandibule; E, gauche, face dorsale; F, gauche, face ventrale; G, droite, face dorsale; H, droite, face ventrale. Échelles: A, E-H, 0,5 mm; B-D, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520785" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520785/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">Fig. 11E, F</figureCitation>
). Aire scissoriale de la mandibule droite avec une forte dent apicale pointue et une seconde dent arrondie saillante (
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF9F746AFDAFF9E7FF1FF9AD" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="38.[113,124,1612,1629]" captionTargetBox="[135,1187,223,1570]" captionTargetId="figure-22@38.[135,1188,218,1576]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIG. 11. — Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar: A, Heteronychus plebeius (Klug, 1833), épipharynx; B, Triodontus nitidulus (Guérin, 1844), imago, habitus; C, D, Encya sikorai (Brenske, 1891), nymphe, apex de labdomen, face ventrale; C, mâle; D, femelle; E-H, Heteronychus plebeius (Klug, 1833), mandibule; E, gauche, face dorsale; F, gauche, face ventrale; G, droite, face dorsale; H, droite, face ventrale. Échelles: A, E-H, 0,5 mm; B-D, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520785" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520785/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">Fig. 11G, H</figureCitation>
). 3 à 4 longues soies + 1 ou 2 courtes soies latéroexternes. Sur la face ventrale des 2 mandibules, présence dune aire stridulatoire composée de 19 à 20 bourrelets parallèles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18093682FF9F746AFD10FF35FB3EFE9A" blockId="11.[674,1210,216,370]" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF9F746AFD10FF35FD6FFF1A" bold="true" box="[677,763,216,242]" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">Maxilles</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF9F746AFCB0FF35FCF2FF1B" box="[773,870,216,243]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="43.[113,124,1567,1584]" captionTargetBox="[152,1180,217,1546]" captionTargetId="figure-14@43.[151,1175,219,1547]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIG. 16. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar: A-D, mandibule, Triodontus nitidulus (Guérin, 1844); A, gauche, face dorsale; B, gauche, face ventrale; C, droite, face dorsale; D, droite, face ventrale; E-O, maxille, face dorsale; E, Bricoptis variolosa (Gory &amp; Percheron, 1833); F, Celidota parvula (Janson, 1881); G, Anochilia bifida (Olivier, 1789); H, Euryomia argentea (Olivier, 1789); I, J, Heteronychus arator rugifrons (Fairmaire, 1871); J, dents stridulatoires; K, L, Heteronychus bituberculatus (Kolbe,1900); L, dents stridulatoires; M, Heteronychus plebeius (Klug,1833); N, Hexodon unicolor (Olivier,1789); O, Heteroconus paradoxus (Endrödi,1968). Échelles: A-D, N, O, 0,5 mm; E, F, H, I, K, 0,4 mm; G, 1 mm; J, 0,01 mm; L, 0,02 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520805/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">Fig.16M</figureCitation>
).Galea et lacinia soudées.Lacinia à uncus avec 3dents de longueurs très inégales(2 grandes et 1 très petite), sclérifiées, émoussées et soudées à la base. Galea avec uncus sclérifié. Sur la face dorsale, aire stridulatoire à 7 + 1 dents à sommet émoussé.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18093682FF9F746AFD10FE7BFBF6FDA7" blockId="11.[677,1212,406,591]" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF9F746AFD10FE7BFCABFE58" bold="true" box="[677,831,406,432]" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">Hypopharynx</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF9F746AFCFBFE7BFC20FE59" box="[846,948,406,433]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="37.[113,124,1589,1606]" captionTargetBox="[146,1173,219,1547]" captionTargetId="figure-14@37.[146,1173,218,1547]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIG. 10. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar,hypopharynx: A, Bricoptis variolosa (Gory &amp; Percheron,1833); B, Celidota parvula (Janson, 1881); C, Anochilia bifida (Olivier, 1789); D, Euryomia argentea (Olivier, 1789); E, Heteronychus arator rugifrons (Fairmaire, 1871); F, Heteronychus bituberculatus (Kolbe, 1900); G, Heteronychus plebeius (Klug, 1833); H, Hexodon unicolor (Olivier, 1789); I, Heteroconus paradoxus (Endrödi,1968); J, Paranodon coquerelii (Fairmaire,1871); K, Paramorphochelus cornutus (Nonfried,1892); L, Encya sikorai (Brenske, 1891). Échelles: A, J, 0,2 mm; C, D, F, G, I, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520783" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520783/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">Fig. 10G</figureCitation>
). Une touffe de longues soies de chaque côté, à la base des palpes; soies plus courtes et plus fortes au milieu et sur la partie basale. Oncyli transverses, avec une dent sclérifiée postérieure subtriangulaire émoussée et une très forte dent antérieure, sclérifiée et dressée.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18093682FF9F746AFD10FD99FD79FD66" blockId="11.[675,1211,628,781]" box="[677,749,628,654]" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF9F746AFD10FD99FD79FD66" box="[677,749,628,654]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">Thorax</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18093682FF9F746AFD10FD7EFBB0FCE5" blockId="11.[675,1211,628,781]" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF9F746AFD10FD7EFD73FD45" bold="true" box="[677,743,659,685]" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">Pattes</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF9F746AFD46FD7EFCC1FD46" box="[755,853,659,686]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="46.[113,124,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[121,1206,215,1527]" captionTargetId="figure-21@46.[117,1206,214,1542]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIG. 19. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar, pattes: A, Heteronychus arator rugifrons (Fairmaire, 1871); B, Heteronychus bituberculatus (Kolbe, 1900); C, Heteronychus plebeius (Klug, 1833); D, Hexodon unicolor (Olivier, 1789); E, Heteroconus paradoxus (Endrödi, 1968); F, Paranodon coquerelii (Fairmaire, 1871). Échelles: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520815" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520815/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">Fig. 19C</figureCitation>
). Longues, de longueur croissante de P1 à P3, toutes de structure analogue: coxa, trochanter, fémur, tibiotarse, griffe forte, longue, aiguë, incurvée et sclérifiée à lapex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18093682FF9F746AFD10FCDFFC93FCA4" blockId="11.[674,1212,818,1162]" box="[677,775,818,844]" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF9F746AFD10FCDFFC93FCA4" box="[677,775,818,844]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">Abdomen</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18093682FF9F746AFD10FCBFFB0FFB62" blockId="11.[674,1212,818,1162]" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF9F746AFD10FCBFFD7DFC84" bold="true" box="[677,745,850,876]" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">Raster</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF9F746AFD40FCBCFCDDFC84" box="[757,841,849,876]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="30.[113,124,1612,1629]" captionTargetBox="[139,1184,217,1560]" captionTargetId="figure-21@30.[139,1184,217,1561]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIG. 3. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar, raster: A, Bricoptis variolosa (Gory &amp; Percheron, 1833); B, Celidota parvula (Janson, 1881); C, sp. C1; D, Anochilia bifida (Olivier, 1789); E, Euryomia argentea (Olivier, 1789); F, Heteronychus arator rugifrons (Fairmaire, 1871); G, Heteronychus bituberculatus (Kolbe, 1900); H, Heteronychus plebeius (Klug, 1833). Échelles: A-C, G, H, 1 mm; D, 0,5 mm; E, F, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520761" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520761/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="30">Fig. 3H</figureCitation>
). Fente anale transverse, légèrement incurvée, éloignée de lapex abdominal. Du côté dorsal de la fente anale, soies très courtes et légèrement incurvées, sans orientation préférentielle, peu nombreuses et dispersées.Le long du bord ventral de la fente anale, une rangée de longues et fortes soies dressées. Teges constitués dépines plus grosses et plus longues que du côté dorsal, incurvées, orientées vers larrière. Pas de bande glabre le long de la fente anale. Barbula avec de longues soies dispersées.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>