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<document id="AF4C687BB27CE44B856ACE0F15088BDA" ID-CLB-Dataset="8118" ID-DOI="10.5252/z2010n1a2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4cecd899-5900-4411-8446-0d9552b1b098" ID-ISSN="1638-9387" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4520753" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1612808309234" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Randriamanantsoa, Richard, Aberlenc, Henri-Pierre, Ralisoa, Olga Bakoly, Ratnadass, Alain &amp; Vercambre, Bernard" docDate="2010" docId="901F8794FF9C7468FCB8FC9CFBFBFBA2" docLanguage="fr" docName="Zoosystema.32.1.19-72.pdf" docOrigin="Zoosystema 32 (1)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2010n1a2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:E638A3C99FA728B529662B46F84D75FD.3:Zoosystema.2009-2010.journal_article" docStyleId="E638A3C99FA728B529662B46F84D75FD" docStyleName="Zoosystema.2009-2010.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Heteronychus arator subsp. rugifrons" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="28" masterDocId="6C26FFECFF947461FFB5FFEDFF94FFE8" masterDocTitle="Les larves des Scarabaeoidea (Insecta, Coleoptera) en riziculture pluviale des régions de haute et moyenne altitudes du Centre de Madagascar" masterLastPageNumber="72" masterPageNumber="19" pageNumber="27" updateTime="1698928337295" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="1F9F289268D5FC5E418E58DADCCC99F8">Les larves des Scarabaeoidea (Insecta, Coleoptera) en riziculture pluviale des régions de haute et moyenne altitudes du Centre de Madagascar</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3A38F486F2ECCE0052B4597BC586B38B">Randriamanantsoa, Richard</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="1E4C0D563EFD77B80FD0DA31B43356F9">Fofifa - URP Scrid, 110 Antsirabe (Madagascar) r _ randriamanantsoa @ yahoo. fr</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="850A262C6BAC718CE0F5669DFB7688B9">Aberlenc, Henri-Pierre</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="DD14B24E93D800A50FD1BB00F3519342">Cirad Bios, UMR CBGP (INRA / IRD / Cirad / Montpellier SupAgro), Campus international de Baillarguet, Ta A- 55 / L, F- 34398 Montpellier cedex 5 (France) henri-pierre. aberlenc @ cirad. fr</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F219324705954D166466F21CEBD02D0C">Ralisoa, Olga Bakoly</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="65066E08BE6724DB1EDBB9ECE65CC71B">Département dEntomologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université dAntananarivo, Antananarivo 101 (Madagascar)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="39A81FC80770CF5535E82D761F8E418D">Ratnadass, Alain</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="28EAC36A2E3352D3C4D8399377B2FA8A">Cirad, UPR HortSys - ICRISAT BP 12404, Niamey (Niger) a. ratnadass @ cgiar. org</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="8BDC739B03D5085D6CF0F1F52241AB10" type="email">ratnadass@cgiar.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="BFE32557665F4E02938814E7716D5652">Vercambre, Bernard</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="164FAEE9CA29E93E23670476FB95D75C">Cirad, UPR Systèmes de Cultures annuels, avenue Agropolis, F- 34398 Montpellier cedex 5 (France) bernard. vercambre @ cirad. fr</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1F094DB2A705AC563EF8E4ACF4FDA702" type="email">vercambre@cirad.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:date id="353258C61F152E74AC27A04A9592D0CB">2010</mods:date>
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<treatment id="901F8794FF9C7468FCB8FC9CFBFBFBA2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4549528" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177425659" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4549528" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:901F8794FF9C7468FCB8FC9CFBFBFBA2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/901F8794FF9C7468FCB8FC9CFBFBFBA2" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">
<subSubSection id="50AC6509FF9C7469FCB8FC9CFB9AFC44" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="18093682FF9C7469FCB8FC9CFB9AFC44" blockId="8.[781,1105,881,908]" lastBlockId="8.[767,1119,913,1003]" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName id="DFB64D01FF9C7469FCB8FC9CFB9AFC44" authority="(Fairmaire, 1871)" baseAuthorityName="Fairmaire" baseAuthorityYear="1871" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Heteronychus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="arator" subSpecies="rugifrons">
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF9C7469FCB8FC9CFBC5FC63" bold="true" box="[781,1105,881,908]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">Heteronychus arator rugifrons</emphasis>
(Fairmaire, 1871)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="50AC6509FF9C7469FD4AFC5DFBDDFC03" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" type="description">
<paragraph id="18093682FF9C7469FD4AFC5DFBDDFC03" blockId="8.[767,1119,913,1003]" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">
(
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF9C7469FCB3FC5DFCCCFC23" box="[774,856,944,971]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="29.[113,124,1567,1584]" captionTargetBox="[152,1172,222,1545]" captionTargetId="figure-18@29.[148,709,692,1169]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIG. 2. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar, habitus: A, Bricoptis variolosa (Gory &amp; Percheron, 1833); B, Celidota parvula (Janson, 1881); C, Anochilia bifida (Olivier, 1789); D, Euryomia argentea (Olivier, 1789); E, Heteronychus arator rugifrons (Fairmaire, 1871); F, Heteronychus bituberculatus (Kolbe, 1900); G, Heteronychus plebeius (Klug, 1833); H, Hexodon unicolor (Olivier, 1789); I, Heteroconus paradoxus (Endrödi,1968); J, Paramorphochelus cornutus (Nonfried,1892); K, Encya sikorai (Brenske,1891); L, Apicencya waterloti (Dewailly, 1950); M, Empecta scutata (Fairmaire,1901); N, Hoplochelus betanimena (Künckel,1887); O, Triodontus nitidulus (Guérin, 1844). Échelles: A-I, K, L, N, 5 mm; J, O, 2 mm; M, 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520757" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520757/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">Figs 2E</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF9C7469FCDFFC5DFC13FC23" box="[874,903,944,971]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="30.[113,124,1612,1629]" captionTargetBox="[139,1184,217,1560]" captionTargetId="figure-21@30.[139,1184,217,1561]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIG. 3. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar, raster: A, Bricoptis variolosa (Gory &amp; Percheron, 1833); B, Celidota parvula (Janson, 1881); C, sp. C1; D, Anochilia bifida (Olivier, 1789); E, Euryomia argentea (Olivier, 1789); F, Heteronychus arator rugifrons (Fairmaire, 1871); G, Heteronychus bituberculatus (Kolbe, 1900); H, Heteronychus plebeius (Klug, 1833). Échelles: A-C, G, H, 1 mm; D, 0,5 mm; E, F, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520761" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520761/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">3F</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF9C7469FC2CFC5DFC2EFC23" box="[921,954,944,971]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="34.[113,124,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[155,1168,220,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-21@34.[155,1168,220,1591]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIG. 7. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar,épipharynx: A, Anochilia bifida (Olivier,1789); B, Euryomia argentea (Olivier,1789); C, Heteronychus arator rugifrons (Fairmaire, 1871); D, Heteronychus bituberculatus (Kolbe, 1900); E, F, sp. D1; G, Hexodon unicolor (Olivier, 1789); H, sp. D2. Échelles: A, B, D, E, G, 0,5 mm; C, 0,2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520771/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">7C</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF9C7469FC79FC5DFC6CFC23" box="[972,1016,944,971]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="37.[113,124,1589,1606]" captionTargetBox="[146,1173,219,1547]" captionTargetId="figure-14@37.[146,1173,218,1547]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIG. 10. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar,hypopharynx: A, Bricoptis variolosa (Gory &amp; Percheron,1833); B, Celidota parvula (Janson, 1881); C, Anochilia bifida (Olivier, 1789); D, Euryomia argentea (Olivier, 1789); E, Heteronychus arator rugifrons (Fairmaire, 1871); F, Heteronychus bituberculatus (Kolbe, 1900); G, Heteronychus plebeius (Klug, 1833); H, Hexodon unicolor (Olivier, 1789); I, Heteroconus paradoxus (Endrödi,1968); J, Paranodon coquerelii (Fairmaire,1871); K, Paramorphochelus cornutus (Nonfried,1892); L, Encya sikorai (Brenske, 1891). Échelles: A, J, 0,2 mm; C, D, F, G, I, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520783" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520783/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">10E</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF9C7469FBBCFC5DFBB7FC23" box="[1033,1059,944,971]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="41.[113,124,1589,1606]" captionTargetBox="[161,1157,219,1557]" captionTargetId="figure-14@41.[157,1165,214,1560]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIG. 14. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar,mandibule: A, D, H, L, P, T, X, gauche,face dorsale; B, E, I, M, Q, U, Y, gauche, face ventrale; C, F, J, N, R, V, Z1, droite, face dorsale; G, K, O, S, W, Z2, droite, face ventrale; A-C, Bricoptis variolosa (Gory &amp; Percheron, 1833); D-G, Anochilia bifida (Olivier, 1789); H-K, Euryomia argentea (Olivier, 1789); L-O, Heteronychus arator rugifrons (Fairmaire,1871); P-S, Heteronychus bituberculatus (Kolbe,1900); T-W, Hexodon unicolor (Olivier,1789); X-Z2, Heteroconus paradoxus (Endrödi, 1968). Échelles: A-C, H-O, 0,5 mm; D-G, P-Z2, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520795" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520795/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">14</figureCitation>
L-O; 16I, J; 19A; 21G-I; 25A-C)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="50AC6509FF9C7469FD10FBE2FD61F9AD" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="18093682FF9C7469FD10FBE2FCE1FBC1" blockId="8.[675,1210,1039,1605]" box="[677,885,1039,1066]" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18093682FF9C7469FD10FBC2FD61F9AD" blockId="8.[675,1210,1039,1605]" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">
Larves provenant dAndranomanelatra, dIvory, dIbity, dAndranobe (
<quantity id="DF4E9B67FF9C7469FC07FBA2FC65FB82" box="[946,1009,1103,1130]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" unit="km" value="7.0">7 km</quantity>
dAntsirabe), de Sakay, de Kianjasoa, dArivonimamo, dIvato et de Manjakandriana. Ce taxon a été collecté dans une jachère de
<taxonomicName id="DFB64D01FF9C7469FCE7FB43FB87FB20" authorityName="C.H.Persoon" authorityYear="1805" box="[850,1043,1198,1224]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cynodontidae" genus="Cynodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dactylon">
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF9C7469FCE7FB43FB87FB20" box="[850,1043,1198,1224]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">Cynodon dactylon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
avec du Trèfle (
<taxonomicName id="DFB64D01FF9C7469FD1BFB20FB97FB01" authority="Fresen." authorityName="Fresen." box="[686,1027,1229,1257]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Trifolium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="semipilosum">
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF9C7469FD1BFB20FC32FB0F" box="[686,934,1229,1255]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">Trifolium semipilosum</emphasis>
Fresen.
</taxonomicName>
) à Andranomanelatra, dans une culture de Napier (
<taxonomicName id="DFB64D01FF9C7469FB8BFB03FCB6FACF" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Pennisetum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="purpureum">
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF9C7469FB8BFB03FCB6FACF" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">Pennisetum purpureum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) à Ivato, dans une culture de Riz pluvial (
<taxonomicName id="DFB64D01FF9C7469FCB4FAC0FC1DFAAE" box="[769,905,1325,1351]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Oryza" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sativa">
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF9C7469FCB4FAC0FC1DFAAE" box="[769,905,1325,1351]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">Oryza sativa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) et de Maïs (
<taxonomicName id="DFB64D01FF9C7469FBA8FAC0FB14FAAE" box="[1053,1152,1325,1350]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Zea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mays">
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF9C7469FBA8FAC0FB14FAAE" box="[1053,1152,1325,1350]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">Zea mays</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L.) à Andranomanelatra, Ivory, Ibity, Andranobe, Sakay, Kianjasoa, Arivonimamo et Manjakandriana. Il se rencontre fréquemment en haut de pente.
<typeStatus id="C70D8820FF9C7469FB34FA61FB23FA4F" box="[1153,1207,1420,1447]" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">Type</typeStatus>
de sol: alluvionnaire, ferrallitique, de couleur noire, riche en matière organique. Spécimens conservés dans les collections du Fofifa (14 larves), du Cirad-CBGP (20 larves) et du
<collectionCode id="7EA7AE47FF9C7469FB82F9E7FB02F9CD" box="[1079,1174,1546,1573]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">MNHN</collectionCode>
(5 larves).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="50AC6509FF9C7468FD10F984FBFBFBA2" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" type="description">
<paragraph id="18093682FF9C7469FD10F984FCA1F96A" blockId="8.[677,967,1641,1700]" box="[677,821,1641,1668]" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18093682FF9C7469FD10F964FC53F94C" blockId="8.[677,967,1641,1700]" box="[677,967,1673,1700]" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">
Couleur blanche (
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF9C7469FCD2F964FC2EF94C" box="[871,954,1673,1700]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="29.[113,124,1567,1584]" captionTargetBox="[152,1172,222,1545]" captionTargetId="figure-18@29.[148,709,692,1169]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIG. 2. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar, habitus: A, Bricoptis variolosa (Gory &amp; Percheron, 1833); B, Celidota parvula (Janson, 1881); C, Anochilia bifida (Olivier, 1789); D, Euryomia argentea (Olivier, 1789); E, Heteronychus arator rugifrons (Fairmaire, 1871); F, Heteronychus bituberculatus (Kolbe, 1900); G, Heteronychus plebeius (Klug, 1833); H, Hexodon unicolor (Olivier, 1789); I, Heteroconus paradoxus (Endrödi,1968); J, Paramorphochelus cornutus (Nonfried,1892); K, Encya sikorai (Brenske,1891); L, Apicencya waterloti (Dewailly, 1950); M, Empecta scutata (Fairmaire,1901); N, Hoplochelus betanimena (Künckel,1887); O, Triodontus nitidulus (Guérin, 1844). Échelles: A-I, K, L, N, 5 mm; J, O, 2 mm; M, 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520757" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520757/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18093682FF9D7468FFC4FF35FE32FE59" blockId="9.[113,648,216,433]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF9D7468FFC4FF35FF0FFF1A" box="[113,155,216,242]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Tête</emphasis>
Couleur brun clair. Épicrâne avec 2 soies dorsoépicraniales et 5 soies latéro-externes. Front avec 4 soies frontales antérieures, 2 soies frontales postérieures et 2 soies dans langle frontal. Clypéus transverse, avec 1 soie clypéale externe et 1 soie clypéale antérieure médiane.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18093682FF9D7468FFC4FE38FEFDFD67" blockId="9.[112,648,469,655]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF9D7468FFC4FE38FF74FE07" bold="true" box="[113,224,469,495]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Antennes.</emphasis>
Article II un peu plus long que les autres (les longueurs respectives des articles sont: I = 1; II = 1,3; III = IV = 1,1). Une aire sensorielle apicolatérale sur lavant-dernier article. Dernier article antennaire avec 3 plages sensorielles: 2 ventrales et 1 grande plage dorsale.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18093682FF9D7468FFC4FD5EFF58FC23" blockId="9.[113,648,691,971]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF9D7468FFC4FD5EFF2EFD25" bold="true" box="[113,186,691,717]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Labre.</emphasis>
Transverse, asymétrique. Zone médiane du bord antérieur à peine saillante, légèrement différenciée du côté droit, avec 4 soies externes et 2 soies internes. De part et dautre, 5 soies latéro-antérieures externes et 2 longues soies latéro-antérieures internes, puis 1 longue soie latérale. 2 longues soies labro-internes en avant du milieu. 4 soies postérieures (en 2 groupes de 2 soies).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18093682FF9D7468FFC4FC1DFE1AFAE0" blockId="9.[111,648,1008,1288]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF9D7468FFC4FC1DFF6CFBE3" bold="true" box="[113,248,1008,1035]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Épipharynx</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF9D7468FEBEFC1DFEF3FBE3" box="[267,359,1008,1035]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="34.[113,124,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[155,1168,220,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-21@34.[155,1168,220,1591]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIG. 7. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar,épipharynx: A, Anochilia bifida (Olivier,1789); B, Euryomia argentea (Olivier,1789); C, Heteronychus arator rugifrons (Fairmaire, 1871); D, Heteronychus bituberculatus (Kolbe, 1900); E, F, sp. D1; G, Hexodon unicolor (Olivier, 1789); H, sp. D2. Échelles: A, B, D, E, G, 0,5 mm; C, 0,2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520771/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
). Haptomère entier avec une forte pointe sclérifiée relevée arrondie. Aire pédiale glabre. Chaetoparia dissymétriques, à rangs concentriques de soies épaisses convergeant vers laire pédiale, plus longues et plus denses du côté gauche, plus courtes et plus dispersées du côté droit. Acanthoparia avec 11 à 13 courtes soies lamelliformes sincurvant graduellement vers lavant. Plegmatium et proplegmatium absents.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18093682FF9D7468FFC4FAC1FEC1F94C" blockId="9.[111,648,1324,1700]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF9D7468FFC4FAC1FF63FAAE" bold="true" box="[113,247,1324,1350]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Mandibules</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF9D7468FEBCFAC0FECEFAA0" box="[265,346,1325,1352]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="41.[113,124,1589,1606]" captionTargetBox="[161,1157,219,1557]" captionTargetId="figure-14@41.[157,1165,214,1560]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIG. 14. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar,mandibule: A, D, H, L, P, T, X, gauche,face dorsale; B, E, I, M, Q, U, Y, gauche, face ventrale; C, F, J, N, R, V, Z1, droite, face dorsale; G, K, O, S, W, Z2, droite, face ventrale; A-C, Bricoptis variolosa (Gory &amp; Percheron, 1833); D-G, Anochilia bifida (Olivier, 1789); H-K, Euryomia argentea (Olivier, 1789); L-O, Heteronychus arator rugifrons (Fairmaire,1871); P-S, Heteronychus bituberculatus (Kolbe,1900); T-W, Hexodon unicolor (Olivier,1789); X-Z2, Heteroconus paradoxus (Endrödi, 1968). Échelles: A-C, H-O, 0,5 mm; D-G, P-Z2, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520795" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520795/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
L-O). Aire scissoriale de la mandibule gauche avec une forte dent apicale et la seconde dent scissoriale plus ou moins émoussée. Aire scissoriale de la mandibule droite avec 2 dents obtuses presque également développées.Mandibule gauche avec 7 à 8 soies baso-latérales, 2 soies dorsoexternes écartées et 5 à 6 soies dorso-molaires. Mandibule droite avec 6 soies baso-latérales, 2 soies dorso-externes écartées et 5 à 6 soies dorso-molaires. Sur la face ventrale des 2 mandibules, présence dune aire stridulatoire composée de 21 à 23 bourrelets parallèles transverses.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18093682FF9D7468FD10FF35FC87FE9A" blockId="9.[675,1211,216,370]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF9D7468FD10FF35FC91FF1A" bold="true" box="[677,773,216,242]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Maxilles</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF9D7468FCA0FF35FC1AFF1B" box="[789,910,216,243]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="43.[113,124,1567,1584]" captionTargetBox="[152,1180,217,1546]" captionTargetId="figure-14@43.[151,1175,219,1547]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIG. 16. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar: A-D, mandibule, Triodontus nitidulus (Guérin, 1844); A, gauche, face dorsale; B, gauche, face ventrale; C, droite, face dorsale; D, droite, face ventrale; E-O, maxille, face dorsale; E, Bricoptis variolosa (Gory &amp; Percheron, 1833); F, Celidota parvula (Janson, 1881); G, Anochilia bifida (Olivier, 1789); H, Euryomia argentea (Olivier, 1789); I, J, Heteronychus arator rugifrons (Fairmaire, 1871); J, dents stridulatoires; K, L, Heteronychus bituberculatus (Kolbe,1900); L, dents stridulatoires; M, Heteronychus plebeius (Klug,1833); N, Hexodon unicolor (Olivier,1789); O, Heteroconus paradoxus (Endrödi,1968). Échelles: A-D, N, O, 0,5 mm; E, F, H, I, K, 0,4 mm; G, 1 mm; J, 0,01 mm; L, 0,02 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520805/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Fig. 16I, J</figureCitation>
). Galea et lacinia soudées. Lacinia à uncus tridenté. Galea avec un uncus sclérifié. Sur la face dorsale, aire stridulatoire composée de 7 à 10 + 1 dents aux bords arrondis émoussés (
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF9D7468FD19FEBAFC92FE9A" box="[684,774,343,370]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="43.[113,124,1567,1584]" captionTargetBox="[152,1180,217,1546]" captionTargetId="figure-14@43.[151,1175,219,1547]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIG. 16. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar: A-D, mandibule, Triodontus nitidulus (Guérin, 1844); A, gauche, face dorsale; B, gauche, face ventrale; C, droite, face dorsale; D, droite, face ventrale; E-O, maxille, face dorsale; E, Bricoptis variolosa (Gory &amp; Percheron, 1833); F, Celidota parvula (Janson, 1881); G, Anochilia bifida (Olivier, 1789); H, Euryomia argentea (Olivier, 1789); I, J, Heteronychus arator rugifrons (Fairmaire, 1871); J, dents stridulatoires; K, L, Heteronychus bituberculatus (Kolbe,1900); L, dents stridulatoires; M, Heteronychus plebeius (Klug,1833); N, Hexodon unicolor (Olivier,1789); O, Heteroconus paradoxus (Endrödi,1968). Échelles: A-D, N, O, 0,5 mm; E, F, H, I, K, 0,4 mm; G, 1 mm; J, 0,01 mm; L, 0,02 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520805/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Fig. 16J</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18093682FF9D7468FD10FE7BFB3DFDD8" blockId="9.[674,1210,406,560]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF9D7468FD10FE7BFCA8FE58" bold="true" box="[677,828,406,432]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Hypopharynx</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF9D7468FCFDFE7BFC31FE59" box="[840,933,406,433]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="37.[113,124,1589,1606]" captionTargetBox="[146,1173,219,1547]" captionTargetId="figure-14@37.[146,1173,218,1547]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIG. 10. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar,hypopharynx: A, Bricoptis variolosa (Gory &amp; Percheron,1833); B, Celidota parvula (Janson, 1881); C, Anochilia bifida (Olivier, 1789); D, Euryomia argentea (Olivier, 1789); E, Heteronychus arator rugifrons (Fairmaire, 1871); F, Heteronychus bituberculatus (Kolbe, 1900); G, Heteronychus plebeius (Klug, 1833); H, Hexodon unicolor (Olivier, 1789); I, Heteroconus paradoxus (Endrödi,1968); J, Paranodon coquerelii (Fairmaire,1871); K, Paramorphochelus cornutus (Nonfried,1892); L, Encya sikorai (Brenske, 1891). Échelles: A, J, 0,2 mm; C, D, F, G, I, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520783" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520783/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Fig. 10E</figureCitation>
). Glosses avec deux touffes de longues soies apicales et de courtes et fortes soies à la base, en avant des oncyli, ces derniers transverses, avec une dent sclérifiée postérieure subtriangulaire et une forte dent antérieure, sclérifiée et dressée.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18093682FF9D7468FD10FDB9FD79FD86" blockId="9.[675,1210,596,750]" box="[677,749,596,622]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF9D7468FD10FDB9FD79FD86" box="[677,749,596,622]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Thorax</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18093682FF9D7468FD10FD99FC48FD06" blockId="9.[675,1210,596,750]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF9D7468FD10FD99FD73FD66" bold="true" box="[677,743,628,654]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Pattes</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF9D7468FD41FD99FCC0FD67" box="[756,852,628,655]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="46.[113,124,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[121,1206,215,1527]" captionTargetId="figure-21@46.[117,1206,214,1542]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIG. 19. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar, pattes: A, Heteronychus arator rugifrons (Fairmaire, 1871); B, Heteronychus bituberculatus (Kolbe, 1900); C, Heteronychus plebeius (Klug, 1833); D, Hexodon unicolor (Olivier, 1789); E, Heteroconus paradoxus (Endrödi, 1968); F, Paranodon coquerelii (Fairmaire, 1871). Échelles: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520815" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520815/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Fig. 19A</figureCitation>
). Longues, de longueur croissante de P1 à P3, toutes de structure analogue: coxa, trochanter, fémur, tibiotarse, griffe longue, aiguë, incurvée et sclérifiée à lapex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18093682FF9D7468FD10FCFFFC93FCC4" blockId="9.[675,1211,786,1098]" box="[677,775,786,812]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF9D7468FD10FCFFFC93FCC4" box="[677,775,786,812]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Abdomen</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18093682FF9D7468FD10FCDFFBFBFBA2" blockId="9.[675,1211,786,1098]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF9D7468FD10FCDFFD7FFCA4" bold="true" box="[677,747,818,844]" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Raster</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF9D7468FD4EFCDFFCDAFCA5" box="[763,846,818,845]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="30.[113,124,1612,1629]" captionTargetBox="[139,1184,217,1560]" captionTargetId="figure-21@30.[139,1184,217,1561]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIG. 3. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar, raster: A, Bricoptis variolosa (Gory &amp; Percheron, 1833); B, Celidota parvula (Janson, 1881); C, sp. C1; D, Anochilia bifida (Olivier, 1789); E, Euryomia argentea (Olivier, 1789); F, Heteronychus arator rugifrons (Fairmaire, 1871); G, Heteronychus bituberculatus (Kolbe, 1900); H, Heteronychus plebeius (Klug, 1833). Échelles: A-C, G, H, 1 mm; D, 0,5 mm; E, F, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520761" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520761/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="28">Fig. 3F</figureCitation>
). Fente anale transverse, éloignée de lapex abdominal. Du côté dorsal de la fente anale, 2 plages de courtes et fortes soies inclinées vers le centre, séparées par un septum glabre bien délimité. Du côté ventral de la fente anale, et séparée de celle-ci par une étroite bande glabre, une rangée transverse de longues soies dirigées vers le milieu et absentes en zone centrale; teges rassemblant un groupe de courtes et fortes soies épineuses.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>