336 lines
43 KiB
XML
336 lines
43 KiB
XML
<document id="DC4B4A0CD7EE7C3B0B533B79F4399F78" ID-CLB-Dataset="7680" ID-DOI="10.1206/358.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="64639217-c52a-453d-a6b3-382db4402257" ID-ISSN="0003-0090" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4610748" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1615989200907" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Hunt, Robert M." docDate="2011" docId="885487D5570AAC20FD6EB0A237450710" docLanguage="en" docName="BulAmeMusNatHis.2011.358.1-153.pdf" docOrigin="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2011 (358)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1206/358.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:915933466F796C9C739DF4DB6B8DCFA6.9:BulAmeMusNatHis.2011-.journal_article.1cover.type1" docStyleId="915933466F796C9C739DF4DB6B8DCFA6" docStyleName="BulAmeMusNatHis.2011-.journal_article.1cover.type1" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Delotrochanter petersoni Hunt 2011, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="77" masterDocId="746DFFAD5740AC6DFFA7B24433290312" masterDocTitle="Evolution Of Large Carnivores During The Mid-Cenozoic Of North America: The Temnocyonine Radiation (Mammalia, Amphicyonidae)" masterLastPageNumber="153" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="74" updateTime="1698933491662" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="E7688AC520BABF2E635D260CA91E3CC6">Evolution Of Large Carnivores During The Mid-Cenozoic Of North America: The Temnocyonine Radiation (Mammalia, Amphicyonidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="81E7BC3043908F61C7A2B32221372CF2">Hunt, Robert M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="D88D4945F848ACF9138CC05D61E9E6DE">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8777BE4D48BB4B50D6D254AF47F2D57B">2011-11-23</mods:number>
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<treatment id="885487D5570AAC20FD6EB0A237450710" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4618433" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180588605" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4618433" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:885487D5570AAC20FD6EB0A237450710" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/885487D5570AAC20FD6EB0A237450710" lastPageId="77" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="74" pageNumber="74">
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<subSubSection id="48E76548570AAC27FD6EB0A230F30008" pageId="74" pageNumber="74" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="004236C3570AAC27FD6EB0A230F30008" blockId="74.[713,1147,742,795]" pageId="74" pageNumber="74">
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<heading id="5B0A81AF570AAC27FD6EB0A230F30008" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="74" pageNumber="74" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D40570AAC27FD6EB0A230CA01E9" authority="Hunt, 2011" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[713,995,742,765]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="74" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petersoni" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="3289EAD1570AAC27FD6EB0A230CA01E9" bold="true" box="[713,995,742,765]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="74">Delotrochanter petersoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="29BA57AA570AAC27FC53B0A3375201EF" box="[1012,1147,743,765]" pageId="74" pageNumber="74" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation id="98C62A46570AAC27FCCEB14130F30008" box="[873,986,773,795]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="75.[150,188,1457,1476]" captionTargetBox="[138,1175,232,1383]" captionTargetId="figure-82@75.[138,1217,211,1427]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="Fig. 33. Holotype mandibles of Delotrochanter petersoni (CM 1603), with left canine, p1 and m1, and alveoli for p2–p4, from the Monroe Creek beds (fide Peterson, 1907), head of Warbonnet Creek, Sioux Co., Nebraska. A, labial view and B, high oblique lingual view of left mandible and the alveoli of right mandible. The m1 lacks a metaconid." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4610833" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4610833/files/figure.png" pageId="74" pageNumber="74">Figure 33</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="48E76548570AAC27FD3CB17630BE00D9" pageId="74" pageNumber="74" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="004236C3570AAC27FD3CB17630BE00D9" blockId="74.[667,1194,818,971]" pageId="74" pageNumber="74">
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Family
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<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D40570AAC27FD4AB17630570054" ID-CoL="622J6" authority=", gen." authorityName="Gen." box="[749,894,818,838]" class="Mammalia" family="Canidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="74" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Canidae, gen.</taxonomicName>
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et sp. indet:
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<bibRefCitation id="646C4B32570AAC27FBAEB17731DF0072" author="Peterson, O. A." pageId="74" pageNumber="74" pagination="21 - 72" refId="ref85269" refString="Peterson, O. A. 1907. The Miocene beds of western Nebraska and eastern Wyoming and their vertebrate faunae. Annals of the Carnegie Museum 4 (1): 21 - 72." type="journal article" year="1907">Peterson, 1907: 33–34</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 6. (The year of publication usually cited for this paper is 1906; however, a printed erratum in a copy in the American Museum’s Osborn Library establishes
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<date id="74431003570AAC27FC7BB1DA37AF00A3" box="[988,1158,926,945]" pageId="74" pageNumber="74" value="1907-03-21">March 21, 1907</date>
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, as the publication date.)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="48E76548570AAC27FD1FB1A730700669" pageId="74" pageNumber="74" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="004236C3570AAC27FD1FB1A730700669" blockId="74.[667,1194,995,1759]" pageId="74" pageNumber="74">
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TYPE:
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<collectionCode id="66ECAE06570AAC27FCAAB1A1301500E8" box="[781,828,997,1018]" country="China" name="Chongqing Museum" pageId="74" pageNumber="74">CM</collectionCode>
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1603, associated lower jaws, with only the left canine, p1, and m1 preserved. Also included under the same catalog number are the M1 protocone, the anterolabial corner of left P4, a metastylar fragment of right P4, a premolar, and four canine fragments. The Carnegie Museum field label records the
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<typeStatus id="DF468861570AAC27FC64B6F0370307D8" box="[963,1066,1204,1226]" pageId="74" pageNumber="74" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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from the ‘‘middle Monroe Creek beds,’’ head of Warbonnet Creek, Sioux County,
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<collectingRegion id="C239F821570AAC27FB96B6AA378C0616" box="[1073,1189,1262,1284]" country="United States of America" name="Nebraska" pageId="74" pageNumber="74">Nebraska</collectingRegion>
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, collected by O.A. Peterson and party,
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<date id="74431003570AAC27FBD5B74831FC062D" pageId="74" pageNumber="74" value="1904-05">May 1904</date>
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, but was reported in Peterson’s publication (1907: 24) as ‘‘from the upper Monroe Creek horizon.’’
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="48E76548570AAC27FD1FB7C5305E06C6" pageId="74" pageNumber="74" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="004236C3570AAC27FD1FB7C5305E06C6" blockId="74.[667,1194,995,1759]" pageId="74" pageNumber="74">
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DISTRIBUTION:?Mid-Arikareean, Arikaree Group, near head of Warbonnet Creek, Sioux County,
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<collectingRegion id="C239F821570AAC27FCA7B7FA305A06C6" box="[768,883,1470,1492]" country="United States of America" name="Nebraska" pageId="74" pageNumber="74">Nebraska</collectingRegion>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="48E76548570AAC27FD1FB79E37B5053E" pageId="74" pageNumber="74" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="004236C3570AAC27FD1FB79E37B5053E" blockId="74.[667,1194,995,1759]" pageId="74" pageNumber="74">
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ETYMOLOGY: The species name recognizes the paleontologist Olaf Peterson who collected the
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<typeStatus id="DF468861570AAC27FD61B4533003053F" box="[710,810,1559,1581]" pageId="74" pageNumber="74" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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in northwest
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<collectingRegion id="C239F821570AAC27FC6DB4533710053F" box="[970,1081,1559,1581]" country="United States of America" name="Nebraska" pageId="74" pageNumber="74">Nebraska</collectingRegion>
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in 1904.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="48E76548570AAC26FD1FB47037680558" lastPageId="75" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="74" pageNumber="74" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="004236C3570AAC26FD1FB470312805CD" blockId="74.[667,1194,995,1759]" lastBlockId="75.[128,654,1589,1759]" lastPageId="75" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="74" pageNumber="74">
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DIAGNOSIS: Smallest recognized species of
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<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D40570AAC27FD3CB416306F057B" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[667,838,1618,1641]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="74" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="3289EAD1570AAC27FD3CB416306F057B" box="[667,838,1618,1641]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="74">Delotrochanter</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with m1 length of
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<quantity id="C7059B26570AAC27FB9FB417378D057A" box="[1080,1188,1619,1640]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.23" pageId="74" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="22.3">22.3 mm</quantity>
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; differs in size from the much larger
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<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D40570AAC27FB95B43537800595" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[1074,1193,1648,1671]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="74" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oryktes">
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<emphasis id="3289EAD1570AAC27FB95B43537800595" box="[1074,1193,1648,1671]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="74">D. oryktes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D40570AAC27FD6AB4CB301B05B6" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[717,818,1679,1700]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="74" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="major">
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<emphasis id="3289EAD1570AAC27FD6AB4CB301B05B6" box="[717,818,1679,1700]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="74">D. major</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D40570AAC27FB81B4CB378005B6" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1878" box="[1062,1193,1679,1700]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Temnocyon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="74" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="3289EAD1570AAC27FB81B4CB378005B6" box="[1062,1193,1679,1700]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="74">Temnocyon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D40570AAC27FD7DB4E8304605D3" authorityName="Loomis" authorityYear="1936" box="[730,879,1708,1729]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Mammacyon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="74" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="3289EAD1570AAC27FD7DB4E8304605D3" box="[730,879,1708,1729]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="74">Mammacyon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by nearly straight (not sinuous) labial cingulum on m1 and by short, posteriorly broad p2–3. Differs from
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<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D40570BAC26FDF6B47233F9057A" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1878" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Temnocyon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="75" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="3289EAD1570BAC26FDF6B47233F9057A" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="75">Temnocyon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by absence of m1 metaconid; by its m1 paraconid-protoconid-hypoconid triad low, blunt, not specialized for shear and in direct anteroposterior alignment; and from
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<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D40570BAC26FF27B48C33D005CD" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[128,249,1736,1759]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Rudiocyon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="75" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="3289EAD1570BAC26FF27B48C33D005CD" box="[128,249,1736,1759]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="75">Rudiocyon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by much smaller size.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="5482664B570BAC26FF31B7F531250506" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4610833" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4610833" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4610833/files/figure.png" pageId="75" pageNumber="75" startId="75.[150,188,1457,1476]" targetBox="[138,1175,232,1383]" targetPageId="75">
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||
<paragraph id="004236C3570BAC26FF31B7F531250506" blockId="75.[128,1228,1456,1556]" pageId="75" pageNumber="75">
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Fig. 33. Holotype mandibles of
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<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D40570BAC26FE51B7F4304406D6" authority="(CM 1603)" baseAuthorityName="CM" baseAuthorityYear="1603" box="[502,877,1456,1476]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="75" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petersoni">
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<emphasis id="3289EAD1570BAC26FE51B7F431D806D6" box="[502,753,1456,1476]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="75">Delotrochanter petersoni</emphasis>
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(CM 1603)
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</taxonomicName>
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, with left canine, p1 and m1, and alveoli for p2–p4, from the Monroe Creek beds (fide
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<bibRefCitation id="646C4B32570BAC26FD1DB788307E06CD" author="Peterson, O. A." box="[698,855,1484,1503]" pageId="75" pageNumber="75" pagination="21 - 72" refId="ref85269" refString="Peterson, O. A. 1907. The Miocene beds of western Nebraska and eastern Wyoming and their vertebrate faunae. Annals of the Carnegie Museum 4 (1): 21 - 72." type="journal article" year="1907">Peterson, 1907</bibRefCitation>
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), head of Warbonnet Creek, Sioux Co., Nebraska.
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<emphasis id="3289EAD1570BAC26FE8FB7A2326906EB" bold="true" box="[296,320,1510,1529]" pageId="75" pageNumber="75">A,</emphasis>
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||
labial view and
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||
<emphasis id="3289EAD1570BAC26FE55B7A2312006EB" bold="true" box="[498,521,1510,1529]" pageId="75" pageNumber="75">B,</emphasis>
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high oblique lingual view of left mandible and the alveoli of right mandible. The m1 lacks a metaconid.
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</paragraph>
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||
</caption>
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<paragraph id="004236C3570BAC26FD7DB47737680558" blockId="75.[701,1228,1587,1759]" box="[730,1089,1587,1611]" pageId="75" pageNumber="75">REFERRED SPECIMENS: None.</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="48E76548570BAC21FD7DB415303805B6" lastPageId="76" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="75" pageNumber="75" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="004236C3570BAC26FD7DB41537E505CD" blockId="75.[701,1228,1587,1759]" pageId="75" pageNumber="75">
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DESCRIPTION: The canine measures
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||
<quantity id="C7059B26570BAC26FD1AB43530060594" box="[701,815,1649,1670]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3299999999999996" pageId="75" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="33.3">33.3 mm</quantity>
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in height from tip to enamel base on the labial face, 12.0 mm in width, and 16.0 mm in length at the enamel base. A wear groove is developed on the
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="004236C3570CAC21FFFAB2913229021A" blockId="76.[93,620,213,1759]" pageId="76" pageNumber="76">posterolabial surface by the action of the upper canine.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="004236C3570CAC21FFDDB354338D026F" blockId="76.[93,620,213,1759]" pageId="76" pageNumber="76">
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The p1 measures
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<quantity id="C7059B26570CAC21FEE4B35532B30234" box="[323,410,273,294]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.7" pageId="76" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="7.7">7.7 mm</quantity>
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in length,
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<quantity id="C7059B26570CAC21FDB3B35431420234" box="[532,619,272,294]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="76" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="5.6">5.6 mm</quantity>
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in width. It is a simple, conical tooth with an anteriorly placed main cusp and no accessory cusps.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="004236C3570CAC21FFDDB3C2323E000A" blockId="76.[93,620,213,1759]" pageId="76" pageNumber="76">
|
||
Only roots of p2–4 are present, however they demonstrate that the premolars were closely spaced but not crowded. Labial placement of the anterior root of p2 suggests that the front of the tooth was rotated slightly outward. An important dental trait of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D40570CAC21FF26B07132B70159" baseAuthorityName="CM" baseAuthorityYear="1603" box="[129,414,565,588]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="76" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petersoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD1570CAC21FF26B07132B70159" box="[129,414,565,588]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="76">Delotrochanter petersoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is that p2–3 are short with small-diameter anterior roots, a specialization of the anterior premolars also found in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D40570CAC21FF43B0C932D101B6" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[228,504,653,676]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="76" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oryktes">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD1570CAC21FF43B0C932D101B6" box="[228,504,653,676]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="76">Delotrochanter oryktes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D40570CAC21FDE8B0CA33B601D2" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="76" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="major">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD1570CAC21FDE8B0CA33B601D2" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="76">D. major</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, thus a defining characteristic of the genus. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D40570CAC21FF77B08C324C01CF" authorityName="Loomis" authorityYear="1936" box="[208,357,712,733]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Mammacyon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="76" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD1570CAC21FF77B08C324C01CF" box="[208,357,712,733]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="76">Mammacyon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D40570CAC21FE06B08C310D01CF" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1878" box="[417,548,712,733]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Temnocyon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="76" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD1570CAC21FE06B08C310D01CF" box="[417,548,712,733]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="76">Temnocyon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, p2–3 are elongate teeth with anterior roots of larger diameter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="004236C3570CAC21FFDDB16432440656" blockId="76.[93,620,213,1759]" pageId="76" pageNumber="76">
|
||
The m1 measures
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B26570CAC21FEC8B16532F60024" box="[367,479,801,822]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2199999999999998" pageId="76" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="22.2">22.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length,
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B26570CAC21FFFAB17A33EE0041" box="[93,199,830,851]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.13" pageId="76" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="11.3">11.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
in greatest width (at protoconid), and
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B26570CAC21FF30B11F33C40062" box="[151,237,859,880]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="76" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||
in transverse width across the hypoconid. There is no metaconid; the paraconid is short and robust, much lower than the protoconid, with a paraconid blade
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B26570CAC21FFFAB194339F00F7" box="[93,182,976,997]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="76" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="3.7">3.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length. The wide, robust protoconid is
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B26570CAC21FF0DB1A9323A0711" box="[170,275,1005,1027]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.01" pageId="76" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="10.1">10.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length measured between the incisures it forms with the paraconid and hypoconid. Its talonid is dominated by a massive, blunt, centrally placed hypoconid that functions as a crushing cusp when applied to the protocone basin of M1. From the hypoconid-protoconid incisure to the rear of the talonid is
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B26570CAC21FEECB6FE329807DD" box="[331,433,1210,1232]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" pageId="76" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="7.6">7.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
. An indistinct cingulum surrounds the base of m1, but this cingulum on the labial side is nearly straight, not sinuous, and is a key feature linking
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D40570CAC21FDE8B75633EA0656" baseAuthorityName="CM" baseAuthorityYear="1603" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="76" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petersoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD1570CAC21FDE8B75633EA0656" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="76">D. petersoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D40570CAC21FF4AB76B324F0657" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[237,358,1326,1349]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="76" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oryktes">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD1570CAC21FF4AB76B324F0657" box="[237,358,1326,1349]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="76">D. oryktes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="004236C3570CAC21FFDDB709314205CD" blockId="76.[93,620,213,1759]" pageId="76" pageNumber="76">
|
||
The m2 was not preserved and its size cannot be accurately determined since both mandibles have been damaged in this area.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="646C4B32570CAC21FFFAB7E1321506A8" author="Peterson, O. A." box="[93,316,1445,1466]" pageId="76" pageNumber="76" pagination="21 - 72" refId="ref85269" refString="Peterson, O. A. 1907. The Miocene beds of western Nebraska and eastern Wyoming and their vertebrate faunae. Annals of the Carnegie Museum 4 (1): 21 - 72." type="journal article" year="1907">Peterson (1907: 34</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 6) in his description of the specimen stated that ‘‘judging from the specimen, m2 was of considerable size.’’ Peterson figured two alveoli for the roots of m2: the anterior alveolus is represented by a root, and the posterior alveolus by a circular depression where a root tip once existed. Estimating the length of m2 from these two alveolar remnants gives an m2 length of,
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B26570CAC21FFD3B4E833EC05D3" box="[116,197,1708,1729]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="76" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="13.0">13 mm</quantity>
|
||
, and an m1/m2 ratio of,1.7, similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D40570CAC21FF68B48E326F05CD" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[207,326,1736,1759]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="76" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oryktes">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD1570CAC21FF68B48E326F05CD" box="[207,326,1736,1759]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="76">D. oryktes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ratio E/F, 1.69, table 6).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="004236C3570CAC21FD1FB29130C1026F" blockId="76.[667,1194,213,1759]" pageId="76" pageNumber="76">Little can be said concerning the four isolated canine fragments that accompany CM 1603. However, these fragments and the intact canine in the mandible show that the canines are large teeth relative to the dimensions of the mandible.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="004236C3570CAC21FD1FB3C137710713" blockId="76.[667,1194,213,1759]" pageId="76" pageNumber="76">
|
||
The fragment of the anterolabial corner of the left P4 indicates that the upper carnassial had a slightly swollen basal cingulum, and that a fine enamel ridge ran from the tip of the paracone to a point just medial to the anterolabial corner, a typical feature of temnocyonines. In addition, the paracone was a low, blunt cusp as are the m1 cusps. This tooth fragment is configured as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D40570CAC21FD3CB0CF306F01B0" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[667,838,651,674]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="76" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD1570CAC21FD3CB0CF306F01B0" box="[667,838,651,674]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="76">Delotrochanter</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
where the anterolabial corner is not anteriorly extended as it is in large
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D40570CAC21FD3CB083301901CE" authorityName="Loomis" authorityYear="1936" box="[667,816,711,732]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Mammacyon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="76" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD1570CAC21FD3CB083301901CE" box="[667,816,711,732]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="76">Mammacyon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A fragment of the metastylar blade of the right P4 shows that the blade was short and broad, measuring
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B26570CAC21FB9CB14537AD0004" box="[1083,1156,769,790]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="76" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length, about
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B26570CAC21FCE4B15A30B40026" box="[835,925,798,820]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.2" pageId="76" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="8.2">8.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
in width. It compares well with the metastylar blade of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D40570CAC21FB88B17837800040" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[1071,1193,827,850]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="76" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oryktes">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD1570CAC21FB88B17837800040" box="[1071,1193,827,850]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="76">D. oryktes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ACM 4804). An indistinct cingulum surrounds the blade. The fragment is similar in size to the fragmentary P4 metastylar blade of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D40570CAC21FD66B1F5300C00D7" authorityName="Eyerman" authorityYear="1896" box="[705,805,944,966]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Temnocyon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="76" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ferox">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD1570CAC21FD66B1F5300C00D7" box="[705,805,944,966]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="76">T. ferox</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(YPM-PU 10787) but is more robust. In fact, the narrow blade of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D40570CAC21FBEDB18A378000F1" authorityName="Eyerman" authorityYear="1896" box="[1098,1193,974,995]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Temnocyon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="76" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ferox">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD1570CAC21FBEDB18A378000F1" box="[1098,1193,974,995]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="76">T. ferox</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
represents a more sectorial carnassial.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="004236C3570CAC21FD1FB64D304E0634" blockId="76.[667,1194,213,1759]" pageId="76" pageNumber="76">
|
||
A fragment of the left M1 protocone shows that the protocone region was already anteroposteriorly widened. The protocone fragment measures
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B26570CAC21FC23B62430C50764" box="[900,1004,1120,1142]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="76" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="12.5">12.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in anteroposterior width but in life the tooth was wider since the posterior part of the thickened lingual cingulum is missing. The M1 protocone of CM 1603 was knoblike and isolated in an enamel flat surrounded by an expanded lingual cingulum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="004236C3570CAC21FD1FB76A3720068E" blockId="76.[667,1194,213,1759]" pageId="76" pageNumber="76">
|
||
The depth of the mandible below m1 is
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B26570CAC21FD3CB70F31D60673" box="[667,767,1355,1377]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.28" pageId="76" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="32.8">32.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
and below p2 is estimated at
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B26570CAC21FBF4B70F378C0673" box="[1107,1189,1355,1377]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="76" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
|
||
. This is a rather shallow jaw relative to its thickness (
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B26570CAC21FCB1B7C230570689" box="[790,894,1414,1435]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.29" pageId="76" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="12.9">12.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
below m1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="004236C3570CAC21FD1FB7E0303805B6" blockId="76.[667,1194,213,1759]" pageId="76" pageNumber="76">Note that Peterson’s figure (1907: fig. 6) gives CM 1506 for this specimen, whereas his text reads CM 1603: this last is the correct catalog number and is the only number on the specimens. The specimen labels show that the mandibles initially were given CM 1506 and the isolated teeth fragments assigned CM 1505; all this material later was united under CM 1603.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48E76548570CAC20FD1FB4EE37450710" lastPageId="77" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="76" pageNumber="76" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="004236C3570CAC20FD1FB4EE315002C6" blockId="76.[667,1194,213,1759]" lastBlockId="77.[128,654,213,1759]" lastPageId="77" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="76" pageNumber="76">
|
||
DISCUSSION: This mandible, collected in 1904, was the first record of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D40570CAC21FC48B48D378005CD" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="1998" box="[1007,1193,1737,1759]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="76" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Temnocyoninae">Temnocyoninae</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the North American midcontinent, and was believed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="646C4B32570DAC20FE9BB2B632D8021A" author="Peterson, O. A." box="[316,497,242,264]" pageId="77" pageNumber="77" pagination="21 - 72" refId="ref85269" refString="Peterson, O. A. 1907. The Miocene beds of western Nebraska and eastern Wyoming and their vertebrate faunae. Annals of the Carnegie Museum 4 (1): 21 - 72." type="journal article" year="1907">Peterson (1907)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to be a canid (within the broader meaning of that term as used at that time, i.e., canids and amphicyonids). The few intact teeth present in the left mandible (canine, p1, m1) made identification difficult. However, the following traits suggest that this is the earliest North American representative of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D40570DAC20FE61B3FA315802C7" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[454,625,446,469]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="77" pageNumber="77" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD1570DAC20FE61B3FA315802C7" box="[454,625,446,469]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="77">Delotrochanter</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="004236C3570DAC20FF3AB399313901D2" blockId="77.[128,654,213,1759]" pageId="77" pageNumber="77">
|
||
(1) absence of m1 metaconid, straight labial cingulum on m1, and large centrally placed m1 hypoconid filling the talonid; (2) short p2–3, with small-diameter anterior roots and largerdiameter posterior roots; (3) unexpanded anterolabial corner of P4 like that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D40570DAC20FE7EB03431790194" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[473,592,623,646]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="77" pageNumber="77" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oryktes">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD1570DAC20FE7EB03431790194" box="[473,592,623,646]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="77">D. oryktes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; low, short P4 metastylar blade; (4) slender, shallow horizontal ramus of the mandible.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="004236C3570DAC20FF3AB08C314F07A0" blockId="77.[128,654,213,1759]" pageId="77" pageNumber="77">Fine-grained gray volcaniclastic sandstone adheres to the mandibles, leaving no doubt as to the sediment in which the fossil was found. Along the Pine Ridge escarpment in Sioux County near the head of Warbonnet Creek, this matrix is typical of the Arikaree Group, and indicates gray volcaniclastic sandstone exposures of the middle and upper part of the escarpment. Peterson’s confusing attribution to ‘‘middle’’ Monroe Creek (on field labels) and later on, ‘‘upper’’ (in his published article), at least indicates that CM 1603 came from beds stratigraphically between the lower Arikaree fluvial sandstones at the base of the Pine Ridge and the eolian Harrison Formation sandstones forming the upper part of the escarpment, but prevents an exact stratigraphic designation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="004236C3570DAC20FF3AB6FE376302C7" blockId="77.[128,654,213,1759]" lastBlockId="77.[701,1228,213,1026]" pageId="77" pageNumber="77">
|
||
The Pine Ridge escarpment immediately east of Warbonnet Creek includes the stratotypes for the Monroe Creek Formation and Harrison Formation of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="646C4B32570DAC20FD8AB75633FE0654" author="Hatcher, J. B." pageId="77" pageNumber="77" pagination="113 - 131" refId="ref83049" refString="Hatcher, J. B. 1902 a. Origin of the Oligocene and Miocene deposits of the Great Plains. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 41: 113 - 131." type="journal article" year="1902">Hatcher (1902a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
at Monroe Creek Canyon. Because Peterson did not attribute the fossil to the Harrison Formation, one can be reasonably confident that CM 1603 did not come from that rock unit as understood by Peterson and Hatcher (i.e., the upper,
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B26570DAC20FE52B786311506CA" box="[501,572,1474,1496]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.096" pageId="77" pageNumber="77" unit="ft" value="200.0">200 ft</quantity>
|
||
of the Pine Ridge Arikaree escarpment). Hatcher in 1902 described the Monroe Creek Formation as ‘‘
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B26570DAC20FEB4B45E32530522" box="[275,378,1562,1584]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.144" pageId="77" pageNumber="77" unit="ft" value="300.0">300 feet</quantity>
|
||
of very light-colored, fine-grained, not very hard, but firm and massive sandstones.’’ Based on Peterson’s published attribution to ‘‘upper Monroe Creek,’’ one would predict that CM 1603 came from fine-grained gray tuffaceous sandstones of the Pine Ridge escarpment,
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B26570DAC20FD73B291307A03F9" box="[724,851,213,235]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.144" metricValueMax="12.192" metricValueMin="6.096" pageId="77" pageNumber="77" unit="ft" value="300.0" valueMax="400.0" valueMin="200.0">200–400 ft</quantity>
|
||
below the terminal paleosol of the Harrison Formation (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="646C4B32570DAC20FB84B2B63796021A" author="Hunt, R. M., Jr." box="[1059,1215,242,264]" pageId="77" pageNumber="77" pagination="155 - 204" refId="ref83562" refString="Hunt, R. M., Jr. 1985. Faunal succession, lithofacies, and depositional environments in Arikaree rocks (lower Miocene) of the Hartville Table, Nebraska and Wyoming. In J. E. Martin (editor), Fossiliferous Cenozoic deposits of western South Dakota and northwestern Nebraska. Dakoterra 2 (2): 155 - 204." type="journal article" year="1985">Hunt, 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). These sandstones exhibit large-scale eolian cross-strata, in which CM 1603 was possibly found, that constitute much of the middle part of the Pine Ridge stratigraphic section in Sioux County from Monroe Creek west to Warbonnet Creek. Fossil mammals are rarely encountered in these beds.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="004236C3570DAC20FD7CB39937450710" blockId="77.[701,1228,213,1026]" pageId="77" pageNumber="77">
|
||
Previously I attributed the temnocyonine here named
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D40570DAC20FCFDB3BE37500102" baseAuthorityName="CM" baseAuthorityYear="1603" box="[858,1145,506,529]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="77" pageNumber="77" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petersoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD1570DAC20FCFDB3BE37500102" box="[858,1145,506,529]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="77">Delotrochanter petersoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to an early Arikareean chronofauna (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="646C4B32570DAC20FB9BB05C31CE0159" author="Hunt, R. M., Jr." pageId="77" pageNumber="77" pagination="155 - 204" refId="ref83562" refString="Hunt, R. M., Jr. 1985. Faunal succession, lithofacies, and depositional environments in Arikaree rocks (lower Miocene) of the Hartville Table, Nebraska and Wyoming. In J. E. Martin (editor), Fossiliferous Cenozoic deposits of western South Dakota and northwestern Nebraska. Dakoterra 2 (2): 155 - 204." type="journal article" year="1985">Hunt, 1985: 192</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) but
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="646C4B32570DAC20FC8BB071370B0159" author="Peterson, O. A." box="[812,1058,565,587]" pageId="77" pageNumber="77" pagination="21 - 72" refId="ref85269" refString="Peterson, O. A. 1907. The Miocene beds of western Nebraska and eastern Wyoming and their vertebrate faunae. Annals of the Carnegie Museum 4 (1): 21 - 72." type="journal article" year="1907">Peterson’s (1907: 24)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
‘‘upper Monroe Creek’’ allocation, which places CM
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B26570DAC20FB32B01631FD0197" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.07162" pageId="77" pageNumber="77" unit="in" value="1603.0">1603 in</quantity>
|
||
association with the oreodonts
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D40570DAC20FBCAB034301301B1" class="Mammalia" family="Merycoidodontidae" genus="Promerycochoerus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="77" pageNumber="77" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD1570DAC20FBCAB034301301B1" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="77">Promerycochoerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D40570DAC20FC2AB0C8371B01B1" box="[909,1074,652,675]" class="Mammalia" family="Merycoidodontidae" genus="Phenacocoelus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="77" pageNumber="77" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD1570DAC20FC2AB0C8371B01B1" box="[909,1074,652,675]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="77">Phenacocoelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, cannot be ruled out and suggests a younger age. It is at least certain
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D40570DAC20FCD7B08C30D301CF" baseAuthorityName="CM" baseAuthorityYear="1603" box="[880,1018,712,733]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="77" pageNumber="77" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petersoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD1570DAC20FCD7B08C30D301CF" box="[880,1018,712,733]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="77">D. petersoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs in a fauna older than that typical of the Harrison Formation of Peterson. This is supported by the size relationship of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D40570DAC20FC5EB16437AC0027" baseAuthorityName="CM" baseAuthorityYear="1603" box="[1017,1157,800,821]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="77" pageNumber="77" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petersoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD1570DAC20FC5EB16437AC0027" box="[1017,1157,800,821]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="77">D. petersoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to its presumed descendant,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D40570DAC20FC6CB179376C0041" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[971,1093,828,851]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="77" pageNumber="77" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oryktes">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD1570DAC20FC6CB179376C0041" box="[971,1093,828,851]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="77">D. oryktes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The latter species occurs in the Harrison Formation in the Niobrara River valley at Agate National Monument, and its predecessor,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D40570DAC20FB9DB1D137ED00B8" baseAuthorityName="CM" baseAuthorityYear="1603" box="[1082,1220,917,938]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="77" pageNumber="77" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petersoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD1570DAC20FB9DB1D137ED00B8" box="[1082,1220,917,938]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="77">D. petersoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, is of the smaller size and dental features one would predict in ‘‘middle to upper Monroe Creek’’ sediments of the Pine Ridge.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |