335 lines
32 KiB
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335 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.105.724" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e37cd6ef-48e7-4484-8a3b-6ce1247434cf" ID-PMC="PMC3131050" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-105-1" ID-PubMed="21852919" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-105-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 105" ModsDocTitle="A revision of the spider genus Selenops Latreille, 1819 (Arachnida, Araneae, Selenopidae) in North America, Central America and the Caribbean" checkinTime="1451250317184" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Crews, Sarah C." docDate="2011" docId="77F22BC315721D76C9472869F19B6AF4" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 105: 1-182" docOrigin="ZooKeys 105" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.105.724" docTitle="Selenops candidus Muma 1953" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="76" masterDocId="FFD3FF99FF8FFE16FFE2FF80FFEDFFF4" masterDocTitle="A revision of the spider genus Selenops Latreille, 1819 (Arachnida, Araneae, Selenopidae) in North America, Central America and the Caribbean" masterLastPageNumber="182" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="73" updateTime="1668150752682" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A revision of the spider genus Selenops Latreille, 1819 (Arachnida, Araneae, Selenopidae) in North America, Central America and the Caribbean</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Crews, Sarah C.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>105</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>182</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.105.724</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.105.724</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-105-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152029663" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:77F22BC315721D76C9472869F19B6AF4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/77F22BC315721D76C9472869F19B6AF4" lastPageId="75" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<subSubSection pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Selenops_candidus" authority="Muma, 1953" authorityName="Muma" authorityYear="1953" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops candidus" order="Araneae" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candidus">Selenops candidus Muma, 1953</taxonomicName>
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Figs 97-100Map 11
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops aissus" order="Araneae" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aissus">Selenops aissus</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Petrunkevitch, A" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" pagination="51 - 248" title="Arachnida from Panama." volume="27" year="1925">Petrunkevitch 1925</bibRefCitation>
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: 134, Figs 53-54 (♀, misidentified).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops candidus" order="Araneae" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candidus">Selenops candidus</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Muma, MH" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" pagination="1 - 55" title="A study of the spider family Selenopidae in North and Central America and the West Indies." volume="1619" year="1953">Muma 1953</bibRefCitation>
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: 29, Figs 51-52 (♂, examined).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops lunatus" order="Araneae" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lunatus">Selenops lunatus</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Muma, MH" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" pagination="1 - 55" title="A study of the spider family Selenopidae in North and Central America and the West Indies." volume="1619" year="1953">Muma 1953</bibRefCitation>
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: 31, Fig. 56 (♀, examined) syn. n.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops candidus" order="Araneae" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candidus">Selenops candidus</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Alayon-Garcia, G" journalOrPublisher="Revista Iberica Aracnologia" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" pagination="117 - 122" title="La familia Selenopidae (Arachnida: Araneae) en Jamaica." volume="8" year="2003">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Alayón-García">Alayon-Garcia</normalizedToken>
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2003
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 118, Figs 3-6 (♂, ♀).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops lunatus" order="Araneae" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lunatus">Selenops lunatus</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Alayon-Garcia, G" journalOrPublisher="Revista Iberica Aracnologia" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" pagination="117 - 122" title="La familia Selenopidae (Arachnida: Araneae) en Jamaica." volume="8" year="2003">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Alayón-García">Alayon-Garcia</normalizedToken>
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2003
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 118, Figs 1-2 (♀).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Male holotype: Jamaica, 1935, L. Perkins (MCZ, examined).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="notes">
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<paragraph pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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The female holotype of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops lunatus" order="Araneae" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lunatus">Selenops lunatus</taxonomicName>
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Muma, 1953 retained in the MCZ (examined) is in every way identical to the females collected with the males of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops candidus" order="Araneae" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candidus">Selenops candidus</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Muma, MH" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" pagination="1 - 55" title="A study of the spider family Selenopidae in North and Central America and the West Indies." volume="1619" year="1953">Muma 1953</bibRefCitation>
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, and thus both species names are to be synonymised.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="other material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Other material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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JAMAICA: 1934, L. Perkins (holotype of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops lunatus" order="Araneae" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lunatus">Selenops lunatus</taxonomicName>
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) (MCZ);Clarendon Parish: on gravel road off road to Lluidasvale,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="18.130777">18°07'50.8"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-77.16805">77°10'05.0"W</geoCoordinate>
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, ~454 m, 31.V.2006, S. Crews, E. Morrison, L. Wright, under bark of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bursera" order="Sapindales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Bursera</taxonomicName>
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, 1♂, 1 p♀ (IJNHM. sel_363-364); St. Andrew Parish: Castleton Botanic Garden,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="18.172304">18°10'20.3"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-76.82433">76°49'27.6"W</geoCoordinate>
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, ~157 m, 27.V.2006, S. Crews, I. Wilmot, under bark in garden, 1 p♂, 1 imm. (EME. sel_350-351); Hermitage Dam Road, 2.6 km from junction with Stony Hill,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="18.073723">18°04'25.4"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-76.78369">76°47'01.3"W</geoCoordinate>
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~368 m, 5.VI.2006, S. Crews, I. Wilmot, under bark of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bursera" order="Sapindales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Bursera</taxonomicName>
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, 1 ♀ (IJNHM sel_385). St. Ann Parish: North Coast Highway between Discovery Bay and Rio Bueno, 18°28'31.3", N
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-77.430275">77°25'49.0" W</geoCoordinate>
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, ~25 m, 28.V.2006, S. Crews, I. Wilmot, under bark on limestone ridge, 2 ♂, 2 imm. (IJNHM. sel_357-360). St. Mary Parish: near Mango Valley at football field, 1.6 km off of North Coast Hwy.,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="18.4065">18°24'23.4"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-77.04375">77°02'37.5"W</geoCoordinate>
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, ~156 m, 28.V.2006, S. Crews, I. Wilmot, under bark, 5 imm. (EME sel_352-356); Strawberry Fields near Robin's Bay and Green Castle, campground, 22.III.1972, H. & F. Levi, 1 ♀ (MCZ). Westmoreland Parish: near New Hope, on road to Savanna-la-Mar,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="18.248722">18°14'55.4"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-78.24472">78°14'41.0"W</geoCoordinate>
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, ~40 m, 29.V.2006, S. Crews & I. Wilmot, under fence post (no voucher, spiderling, used in molecular analysis, sel_362). Manchester Parish: Mandeville, 14.II.1946, B. Heineman, 1 ♀ (AMNH).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Males can be separated from all other species by the palpus, which is similar to that of other Jamaican species in having a two-pronged embolus and a tibial apophysis with 3 branches instead of two, however, the dorsal branch of the RTA is wider distally, and the base of the MA is more quadrangular (Figs 97-98). Females can be distinguished from other species by the quadrangular to round median field (Figs 99-100).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="73" pageNumber="74" start="start">Remarks</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
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The female of this species was described by
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<bibRefCitation author="Petrunkevitch, A" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" pagination="51 - 248" title="Arachnida from Panama." volume="27" year="1925">Petrunkevitch (1925)</bibRefCitation>
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as
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops aissus" order="Araneae" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aissus">Selenops aissus</taxonomicName>
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based on a description only, and without viewing Walckenaer's (1837) specimen.
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<bibRefCitation author="Muma, MH" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" pagination="1 - 55" title="A study of the spider family Selenopidae in North and Central America and the West Indies." volume="1619" year="1953">Muma (1953)</bibRefCitation>
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described the female of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops lunatus" order="Araneae" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lunatus">Selenops lunatus</taxonomicName>
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, designating a new type. Muma also described the male as
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops candidus" order="Araneae" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candidus">Selenops candidus</taxonomicName>
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and noted that, based on their overall appearance,
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops candidus" order="Araneae" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candidus">Selenops candidus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops lunatus" order="Araneae" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lunatus">Selenops lunatus</taxonomicName>
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might be the same species (these specimens were apparently not collected together, and the precise collection localities are unknown).
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<bibRefCitation author="Alayon-Garcia, G" journalOrPublisher="Revista Iberica Aracnologia" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" pagination="117 - 122" title="La familia Selenopidae (Arachnida: Araneae) en Jamaica." volume="8" year="2003">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Alayón-García">Alayon-Garcia</normalizedToken>
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(2003)
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</bibRefCitation>
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re-described Petrunkevitch's (1925) specimens of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops aissus" order="Araneae" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aissus">Selenops aissus</taxonomicName>
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from the Peabody Museum as two different species, one as
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops lunatus" order="Araneae" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lunatus">Selenops lunatus</taxonomicName>
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and one as the female of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops candidus" order="Araneae" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candidus">Selenops candidus</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibRefCitation author="Muma, MH" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" pagination="1 - 55" title="A study of the spider family Selenopidae in North and Central America and the West Indies." volume="1619" year="1953">Muma (1953)</bibRefCitation>
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noted that the two specimens designated as
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops aissus" order="Araneae" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aissus">Selenops aissus</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation author="Petrunkevitch, A" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" pagination="51 - 248" title="Arachnida from Panama." volume="27" year="1925">Petrunkevitch (1925)</bibRefCitation>
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may demonstrate genitalic variation. In my extensive collecting, several males identified as
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops candidus" order="Araneae" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candidus">Selenops candidus</taxonomicName>
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were collected, and one female from a second locality that was identified as
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops lunatus" order="Araneae" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lunatus">Selenops lunatus</taxonomicName>
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. However, molecular analyses (
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<bibRefCitation author="Crews, SC" journalOrPublisher="Biological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" pagination="288 - 322" title="Molecular systematics of Selenops spiders (Araneae: Selenopidae) from North and Central America: implications for Caribbean biogeography." url="10.1111/j.1095-8312.2010.01494.x" volume="101" year="2010">Crews and Gillespie 2010</bibRefCitation>
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) indicate that the female specimen described as
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops lunatus" order="Araneae" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lunatus">Selenops lunatus</taxonomicName>
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is the same species as those specimens described as
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops candidus" order="Araneae" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candidus">Selenops candidus</taxonomicName>
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. Therefore, it would seem the female previously described as
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops lunatus" order="Araneae" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lunatus">Selenops lunatus</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation author="Alayon-Garcia, G" journalOrPublisher="Revista Iberica Aracnologia" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" pagination="117 - 122" title="La familia Selenopidae (Arachnida: Araneae) en Jamaica." volume="8" year="2003">
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||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Alayón-García">Alayon-Garcia</normalizedToken>
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||
(2003)
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</bibRefCitation>
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is a variant of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops candidus" order="Araneae" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candidus">Selenops candidus</taxonomicName>
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. Therefore, this species' name has been synonymised. Despite that Petrunkevitch's specimens were viewed recently (
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<bibRefCitation author="Alayon-Garcia, G" journalOrPublisher="Revista Iberica Aracnologia" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" pagination="117 - 122" title="La familia Selenopidae (Arachnida: Araneae) en Jamaica." volume="8" year="2003">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Alayón-García">Alayon-Garcia</normalizedToken>
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2003
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</bibRefCitation>
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), and should be in the PM, they cannot be located now. Female specimens show genitalic variation in the shape of the median field. It can be very square or roundish, and wide or narrow.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="75" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
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Holotype male: Color: Carapace (holotype) orange and transparent (recent) brown-yellow with darker marks laterally and lateromedially, white setae prominent around the lateral margins of the carpace and the eyes; sternum pale yellow, darker around border; chelicerae (holotype) dark red-brown (recent) light reddish-brown with indistinct dusky marks on the anterior faces; maxillae yellow, lightening distally; labium dusky yellow, lightening distally; abdomen (holotype) orange-tan with the two pairs of dark median spots and festoon visible (recent) tan-grey, lighter anteromedially, darkening laterally and caudally, with 2 median dark spots, and festoon pattern visible; ventrally light yellow; legs (holotype) orange-yellow with leg bands very indistinct (recent) brown-yellow darkening distally, especially in legs III and IV, with leg bands indistinct. Carapace: 0.83 times longer than broad. Eyes: AER nearly straight; PER recurved; AME slightly larger than PME, PLE largest, ALE smallest; eye diameters, AME 0.35, ALE 0.10, PME 0.25, PLE 0.38; interdistances AME-PME 0.10, PME-ALE 0.13, ALE-PLE 0.38. PME-PME 1.36. ALE-ALE 2.15; ocular quadrangle AME-AME 0.55, PLE-PLE 2.20; clypeus 0.09 high. Mouthparts: Chelicerae with stout setae medially and anteriorly; maxillae longer than broad, with tuft of conspicuous setae distally; labium distally rounded. Sternum: 1.38 times longer than broad, posteriorly indented. Legs: Leg I only slightly shorter than II and III; leg formula 2314; scopulae present on distal end of all 4 tarsi; tarsi I-IV with strong claw tufts; pr claw per foot slightly toothed; spination: leg I, Fm pr 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1, d 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1, rl 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1; Ti d 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0, pr 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0, rl 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0, v 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–2–">-2-2-</normalizedToken>
|
||
2; Mt pr 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–0–">-0-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0, v 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0, rl 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0; leg II, Fm pr 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1, d 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1, rl 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1; Ti pr 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0, d 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0, rl 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0, v 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–2–">-2-2-</normalizedToken>
|
||
2; Mt pr 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0, v 2-2, rl 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–0–">-0-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0; leg III, Fm pr 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1, d 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1, rl 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1; Ti pr 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0, d 0, rl 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0, v 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
|
||
2; Mt pr 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–0–">-0-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0, rl 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–0–">-0-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0, v 2-2; leg IV, Fm pr 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0, d 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1,
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="74" pageNumber="75" start="start">rl</pageBreakToken>
|
||
1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1; Ti pr 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–0–">-0-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1, v 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0, rl 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–0–">-0-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1; Mt pr 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0, rl 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–0–">-0-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0, v 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0. Abdomen: Without terminal setal tufts. Pedipalp: Femur, spination d 0
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
3; cymbium oval in ventral view, truncate posterolaterally; conductor large, arising from short, slightly curved stalk near distal portion of bulb, pointed laterally toward 2 o'clock position, and not extending beyond the edge of cymbium, curving around retrolateral side and reconnecting to bulb near center, forming circular space between the connections; embolus two-pronged, one prong long, slender, curving around edge of cymbium ending at 1 o'clock, more ventral prong arises from large rounded base, tapering abruptly, beginning at 6 o'clock and terminating at 9 o'clock; MA located between 3 and 4 o'clock, directed distally, with stout, squarish base that tapers abruptly to slender, curved single hook; tibial apophyses extend at least
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="¼">1/4</normalizedToken>
|
||
way up length of cymbium in ventral view; three tibial apophyses; ventral apophysis slender, widening, flattened at tip; MA is very small, pointed, conical structure; dorsal tibial apophysis longest, curving dorsally, then ventrally, widening toward apex, truncate (Figs 97-98). Dimensions: Total length 8.73. Carapace length 4.50, width 5.40. Sternum length 2.75, width 2.00. Abdomen length 4.23, width 3.60. Pedipalp: Fm 1.50, Pt 0.50, Ti 0.75, Ta 1.25, total 3.90. Leg I: Fm 5.80, Pt 2.00, Ti 5.75, Mt 5.75, Ta 2.20, total 21.5. Leg II: Fm 7.25, Pt 2.00, Ti 6.50, Mt 6.00, Ta 2.40, total 24.15. Leg III: Fm 6.75, Pt 1.90, Ti 6.00, Mt 5.90, Ta 2, total 22.55. Leg IV: Fm 6.00, Pt 1.80, Ti 5.00, Mt 5.00, Ta 1.90, total 19.70.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="75" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
Female (holotype of S. lunatus): Color:Carapace dark red-brown with white setae; sternum (holotype) rusty yellow (recent) orange-brown, darker around border; chelicerae (holotype) dark brown (recent) dark brown with white setae; maxillae (holotype) rusty yellow (recent) orange-brown, lightening distally; labium (holotype) rusty yellow (recent) orange-brown, lightening distally; abdomen dorsally (holotype) cream-colored, with a very slight indication of a medial stripe, festoon barely visible (recent) yellow-grey, lighter medially, greyer on sides, festoon prominent, 4 pairs of spots medially, caudal-most pair most prominent; ventrally (holotype) light yellow (recent) dusky yellow; legs (holotype) orange-brown (recent) yellow-brown, annulations visible. Carapace:0.93 times longer than broad. Eyes:AER nearly straight; PER slightly recurved; PME larger than AME, PME same as PLE, ALE smallest; eye diameters, AME 0.30, ALE 0.13, PME 0.35, PLE 0.35; interdistances AME-PME 0.08, PME-ALE 0.23, ALE-PLE 0.20. PME-PME 1.50. ALE-ALE 2.75; ocular quadrangle AME-AME 0.55, PLE-PLE 2.75; clypeus 0.08 high. Mouthparts:chelicerae with stout setae medially and anteriorly; maxillae longer than broad, with tuft of conspicuous setae distally; labium distally rounded. Sternum:1.09 times longer than broad, posteriorly indented. Legs:leg I only slightly shorter than legs II and III; leg formula 2314; scopulae present on all 4 tarsi, metatarsi and distally on tibiae I and II; tarsi I-IV with strong claw tufts; pr claw per foot slightly toothed; spination: leg I, Fm pr 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1, d 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1, rl 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0; Ti v 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
|
||
2; Mt v 2-2; leg II, Fm pr 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1, d 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1, rl 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1; Ti v 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
|
||
2; Mt v 2-2; leg III, Fm pr 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1, d 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1, rl 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0; Ti v 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0; Mt v 2-2; leg IV, Fm pr 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0, d 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1, rl 0
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–0–">-0-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1; Ti v 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0; Mt v 2-1. Abdomen:Without terminal setal tufts. Pedipalp:claw with 8 teeth. Epigyne:externally,lateral lobes widely
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="75" pageNumber="76" start="start">separated</pageBreakToken>
|
||
medially, meeting caudally, forming quadrangular to rounded median field, genital openings lateral, with epigynal pockets present; left and right halves of internal copulatory organs distantly positioned on either side of the median field, internal copulatory organs large and rather amorphous, posterodorsal fold present, covers
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="¼">1/4</normalizedToken>
|
||
of internal copulatory organs (Figs 99-100). Dimensions: Total length 14.58. Carapace length 5.25, width 5.65. Sternum length 3.00, width 2.75. Abdomen length 9.33, width 7.35. Pedipalp: Fm 1.75, Pt 0.90, Ti 1.00, Ta 1.90, total 5.55. Leg I: Fm 6.00, Pt 2.50, Ti 5.00, Mt 4.75, Ta 1.80, total 20.05. Leg II: Fm 6.75, Pt 2.75, Ti 5.50, Mt 4.75, Ta 1.75, total 21.50. Leg III: Fm 6.75, Pt 2.75, Ti 5.65, Mt 4.75, Ta 1.75, total 21.65. Leg IV: Fm 6.00, Pt 1.75, Ti 4.75, Mt 4.75, Ta 1.60, total 18.85.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="natural history">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
||
This species has been collected in dry coastal limestone forests, as well as dry inland forests, from sea level to 500 m. It has been taken on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Pandanus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pandanus" order="Pandanales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Pandanus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, under the loose bark of several trees including Pimento,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bursera" order="Sapindales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Bursera</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus" order="Myrtales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Eucalyptus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, on fence posts, and on bananas. Egg sacs are single, flat, white discs attached under bark and guarded by the female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops candidus" order="Araneae" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candidus">Selenops candidus</taxonomicName>
|
||
is endemic to the island of Jamaica, though historically has been occasionally shipped to the United States on bananas (Map 11).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |