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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.187.2362" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d57a6e9e-3c7b-4a64-9e77-53aa114225d4" ID-PMC="PMC3345903" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-187-63" ID-PubMed="22577330" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-187-63" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 187" ModsDocTitle="A new Pseudachorutes (Collembola, Neanuridae, Pseudachorutinae) from Nicaragua" checkinTime="1451249077306" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Palacios-Vargas, Jose G. &amp; Mejia-Madrid, Hugo H." docDate="2012" docId="6C8DBFFDED1DB7930149B56BCEDBCA7B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 187: 63-69" docOrigin="ZooKeys 187" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.187.2362" docTitle="Pseudachorutes nica Palacios-Vargas &amp; Mejia-Madrid, 2012, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="68" masterDocId="FF8A470EFFECFFD8FFF3ED27FFDAFFC5" masterDocTitle="A new Pseudachorutes (Collembola, Neanuridae, Pseudachorutinae) from Nicaragua" masterLastPageNumber="69" masterPageNumber="63" pageNumber="64" updateTime="1668153802050" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A new Pseudachorutes (Collembola, Neanuridae, Pseudachorutinae) from Nicaragua</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Palacios-Vargas, Jose G.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Mejia-Madrid, Hugo H.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>187</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>63</mods:start>
<mods:end>69</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.187.2362</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.187.2362</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-187-63</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152035330" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:61AA57D8-D9F5-4AF7-8137-59225D1871F6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6C8DBFFDED1DB7930149B56BCEDBCA7B" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="64" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:61AA57D8-D9F5-4AF7-8137-59225D1871F6" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Pseudachorutes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudachorutes nica" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nica">Pseudachorutes nica</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="1" pageNumber="64">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 1-11
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="64" type="material examined">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Material Examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="64">
Type-locality: Nicaragua, Province
<normalizedToken originalValue="Estelí">Esteli</normalizedToken>
: Mesas de Moropotente,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="12.919167">12°55'09&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-85.208336">85°11'90&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
; ex soil,
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acacia pennatula" order="Fabales" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pennatula">Acacia pennatula</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName genus="Oplinemus" lsidName="Oplinemus" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" rank="genus">Oplinemus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Croton jalapensis" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jalapensis">Croton jalapensis</taxonomicName>
, forest, 23 August 2007, ex soil from pitfall traps, Pilar
<normalizedToken originalValue="Andrés">Andres</normalizedToken>
collector.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="64" type="type-specimen">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Type-specimen.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="64">
Holotype mounted on slide. Original label: &quot;23/8/07 Nicaragua: Mesas de Moropotente (
<normalizedToken originalValue="Estelí">Esteli</normalizedToken>
). 1260 m.s.n.m. Coord. UTM 16P0581619 y 1456016 Suelo Bosque
<normalizedToken originalValue="monoespecífico">monoespecifico</normalizedToken>
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acacia pennatula" order="Fabales" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pennatula">Acacia pennatula</taxonomicName>
Recub.
<taxonomicName genus="Oplisnemus" lsidName="Oplisnemus" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" rank="genus">Oplisnemus</taxonomicName>
sp. (100%) P.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Andrés">Andres</normalizedToken>
, col. Sample C3 (8)&quot; [printed label] &quot;
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Pseudachorutes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudachorutes nica" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nica">Pseudachorutes nica</taxonomicName>
sp. n. Holotipo ♀ C3 (8)&quot; [handwritten label].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="64" type="paratypes">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Paratypes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="64">
55 females, 38 males, 9 juveniles, 33 of undetermined sex, all under slides. Two females and two males will be deposited in Museum National
<normalizedToken originalValue="dHistoire">d'Histoire</normalizedToken>
Naturelle de Paris (MNHNP) and Museum
<normalizedToken originalValue="dHistoire">d'Histoire</normalizedToken>
Naturelle de
<normalizedToken originalValue="Genève">Geneve</normalizedToken>
(MHNG), the others are kept at Facultad de Ciencias, UNAM.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="64" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Postantennal organ with about 20 vesicles in an ellipse; ocular area, head, and body with setae of different size; Ant. IV with a well developed ventral sensorial file with 20-25 setae; one lateral teeth on each side of unguis, presence of setae d1 unpaired on head and m2 on Th. II. Abd. IV with three rows of setae, p1 longer than seta p2 and a1. No capitate tenent hairs on tibiotarsi.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="65">
<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="65" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="65">
Body length: 1.1-1.6 mm (mean 1.4 mm, n=10). Color of body deep dark blue. Cuticular granulation strong. Body setae simple and smooth, medium macrosetae (25-35
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
) withslightly capitate tips, short microsetae (9-12
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
) usually acuminate, sensorial setae longer than macrosetae (60 - 81
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
), with blunt apex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">
<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="66" start="start">Antennae</pageBreakToken>
as long as head. Ant. I with 7 setae, Ant. II with 12 setae, including one ventral seta very small. Ant. III and IV dorsally fused. Antennal segments ratio I: II: III+IV as 1: 1.25-2.75. Sensory organ of Ant. III with two small straight internal sensilla under a cuticular fold, two guard sensilla, and 1 microsensillum close to vgs. Ant.
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="67" start="start">IV</pageBreakToken>
with trilobed apical bulb, 6 cylindrical sensilla, seta
<normalizedToken originalValue="“i”">&quot;i&quot;</normalizedToken>
, microsensillum and subapical organite (Fig. 1), and with a ventral file with about 20-25 short setae (Fig. 2).
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="67">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="67">
Figures 1-6.
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Pseudachorutes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudachorutes nica" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nica">Pseudachorutes nica</taxonomicName>
sp. n. 1 right antenna from II to IV dorsal view 2 Ant. III and IV in ventral view with magnification of some setae from ventral file 3 mandible 4 maxilla 5 labium 6 dorsal chaetotaxy of the head and thorax I (thorax has a drawing style represents granulation close to setae).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="67">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="67">
Figures 7-10.
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Pseudachorutes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudachorutes nica" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nica">Pseudachorutes nica</taxonomicName>
sp. n. 7 tibiotarsus III and unguis in ventral view 8 dorsal chaetotaxy of Th. II and III and Abd.
<normalizedToken originalValue="IVI">I-VI</normalizedToken>
(drawing style represents granulation close to setae) 9 furcula 10 female genital plate 11 male genital plate.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Postantennal organ elliptical composed of 14-20 simple vesicles, as large as the nearby ocelli. Eye patch with 8+8 small ocelli (Fig. 6), F, G a little smaller than others. Buccal cone elongated. Mandible with four slender teeth (Fig. 3). Maxilla styliform, with one apical hook (Fig. 4). Labrum with 2/5, 5, 2 setae, the sclerotization in the shape of ogive (Fig. 5). Labium with typical number ofsetae for the genus and seta L situated on small tubercle (Fig. 5).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="67">
Dorsal chaetotaxy as in Figs 6 and 8. Seta a0 on the head absent, unpaired seta d1 present. Th. I with 3+3 dorsal setae. Setae a2 present on Th. II, but absent from Th. III to Abd. IV, with m4 present on Abd. IV. Sensory setae on the body in position of p4 and m6 on Th. II and III, and p5 from Abd.
<normalizedToken originalValue="IIV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
and p3 on Abd. V. Sensorial formula of the body 022/11111. Sensory setae longer and slender than ordinary setae. Ratio of unguis III: largest Abd. V seta = 1: 0.5. Thoracic sterna without setae, but paratergal areas of Th. II and III with two setae on each side. Ventral tube with 4+4 setae, the posterior pair is longer than the others. Female genital plate with 3+3 pregenital, 7-12 circumgenital and 2 eugenital setae (Fig. 10); male genital plate with 3+3 pregenital, 10-13 circumgenital and 4+4 to 6+6 eugenital setae (Fig. 11). Each anal valve with 13 setae and 3 hr setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Tibiotarsi I, II, III with 18, 18, 17, setae respectively, without tenent hairs. Unguis with one tooth on each side, 1/3 from base, and a tiny inconspicuous tooth on inner edge. Ratio tibiotarsus III: unguis about 1.3 (Fig. 7). Femora I, II, III with 11, 11, 10 setae respectively, one of them longer and acuminate. Trochanters with 5 setae each.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Furcula well developed. Manubrium with one pair of dorsal longer setae. Dens with moderate granulation dorsally and with 6 setae, with a smooth triangular area ventrally devoid of secondary granulation. Mucro about half the length of dens, triangular, with two very short lamellae and granulation similar to dens, apex slightly curved (Fig. 9). Tenaculum with 3+3 teeth.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Etymology. The name is derived from the country nickname that is the type locality.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="67" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="67">
Known only from type locality. Province
<normalizedToken originalValue="Estelí">Esteli</normalizedToken>
: Mesas de Moropotente,
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acacia pennatula" order="Fabales" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pennatula">Acacia pennatula</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName genus="Oplinemus" lsidName="Oplinemus" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" rank="genus">Oplinemus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Croton jalapensis" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jalapensis">Croton jalapensis</taxonomicName>
forest, 23 August 2007, ex soil from pit fall traps.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="67" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="67">More than 135 specimens were found in the samples of pitfall traps from two different pasture fields on August 23, 2007.The species is very abundant in most of the collecting traps.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Pseudachorutes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudachorutes nica" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nica">Pseudachorutes nica</taxonomicName>
sp. n. is easily distinguished from all other species of the genus by the combination of the following characters: presence of many vesicles in the postantennal organ, well-differentiated macrosetae and microsetae on dorsal side of head and body, one ventral sensorial file on Ant. IV, presence of one lateral tooth on each side of unguis, presence of setae d1 unpaired on the head and presence of setae m2 on Th. II. On Abd. IV p1 is longer than p2 and a1. The new species is close to
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Pseudachorutes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudachorutes orghidani" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orghidani">Pseudachorutes orghidani</taxonomicName>
Massoud and Gruia 1969, but differs in the number of teeth on the mandible (3 versus 4) and in the morphology of the apex of the maxilla (sharp versus
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="68" start="start">hooked</pageBreakToken>
). Other similarities and differences among species from the Caribbean region are summarized in Table 1.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="68">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="68">
Table 1. Comparison of
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Pseudachorutes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudachorutes nica" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nica">Pseudachorutes nica</taxonomicName>
sp. n. with other Caribbean species (size in mm; Ant bulb = number of lobes in antennal apical bulb; Ant. IV = number of cylindrical sensilla; PAO = number of vesicles; PAO/E = size PAO/eye ratio; Md = number of mandibular teeth; Ocular = type of ocular setae 1, 2 and 3; Inner u = inner unguis teeth; LUT = lateral unguicular teeth); D = number of dental setae; TH = number of tenent hairs, ac = acuminate, cap = capitate.&lt;br/&gt;
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="68">
<table pageId="5" pageNumber="68">
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="68">
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" rowspan="1">Species/ Character</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" rowspan="1">Size</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" rowspan="1">Ant bulb</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" rowspan="1">Ant IV</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" rowspan="1">PAO</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" rowspan="1">PAO/E</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" rowspan="1">Md</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" rowspan="1">Ocular 1 2 3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" rowspan="1">Inner u</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" rowspan="1">LUT</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" rowspan="1">D</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" rowspan="1">TH</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="68">
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Pseudachorutes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudachorutes nica" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nica">Pseudachorutes nica</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="68">
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Pseudachorutes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudachorutes orghidani" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orghidani">Pseudachorutes orghidani</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="68">
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Pseudachorutes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudachorutes difficilis" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="difficilis">Pseudachorutes difficilis</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="68">
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Pseudachorutes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudachorutes legrisi" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="legrisi">Pseudachorutes legrisi</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="68">
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Pseudachorutes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudachorutes reductus" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reductus">Pseudachorutes reductus</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="68" type="variation">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="68">Variation.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="68">The number of vesicles of postantennal organ varies asymetrically from 14 to 20. The number of circumgenital setae on the male genital plate varies from 10 to 13 and that of eugenital setae from 4 + 4 to 6 + 6. Some of the adult specimens have macrosetae with blunt tips.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>