278 lines
39 KiB
XML
278 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document id="307E3E5667929D0EDC92F2025CD09010" ID-CLB-Dataset="45753" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3796.2.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="834b45f2-fe77-4830-b065-f4eaf0daaa47" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="226782" ID-ZooBank="17CE3C39-35B5-43D4-9D5F-37E5A53779FE" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460421136613" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Liu, Xingyue, Price, Benjamin W., Hayashi, Fumio, Moor, Ferdinand De & Yang, Ding" docDate="2014" docId="4A19590BFFAAAD71FF04FD00FD01576A" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03796p336.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3796 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Haplosialis afra Navas" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="335" masterDocId="B6202173FFA6AD7EFF93FFD7FFAE552A" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Megaloptera (Insecta: Neuropterida) of Madagascar" masterLastPageNumber="336" masterPageNumber="320" pageNumber="332" updateTime="1698329977927" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="F6A3734C102A0F2CB27789A76E1FA9A3" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="285AF15BF020B39699D84AC51858E8F6">
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<mods:title id="953C01ABA7202D48F43AF6DA607807B1">Revision of the Megaloptera (Insecta: Neuropterida) of Madagascar</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="35F3A24D220A3D102394FB29C19C5E9E" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="5C4963A264EFA4FCA55BE8B520A84039">Liu, Xingyue</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="32110D483EE9D582FFE8289C60A66C93" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="9E3AEBFC7E968FF2E39754DBBDE92A7E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="D00A3884ED74AE84F12B6E93DA531248">Price, Benjamin W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="8DBE947024C9A67D17BA4C8DE8A49BE0" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="355EF79133DBEF51989673154DBDD78C">Hayashi, Fumio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="FEC4B0B90D5766902294CDCF57449678" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="74A3110F9732CD38E2BA3888B7DF3940">Moor, Ferdinand De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="11E667F7AE08CF1CBB1B100942777ECF" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="0C31BAB2ED558A7437C03118BC15956A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="978B601704CF5197DE60D5DF7176E36D">Yang, Ding</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="C9FD66EF7DBC01BA95C4DCE98EB90960">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="3BF8ED6A97BD4572E879149DDB0C0127">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="D40F8C6C176A469E9C904E53125D7F2F">
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<mods:date id="FBF60CEFDB648E00C212C8E02FA889CB">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7BDA834135280699F7932FCC15FE01D7">3796</mods:number>
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<treatment id="4A19590BFFAAAD71FF04FD00FD01576A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6135983" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119427037" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6135983" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4A19590BFFAAAD71FF04FD00FD01576A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4A19590BFFAAAD71FF04FD00FD01576A" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="335" pageId="12" pageNumber="332">
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<subSubSection id="8AAABB96FFAAAD72FF04FD00FE3E5639" pageId="12" pageNumber="332" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C20FE81DFFAAAD72FF04FD00FE6F57D8" blockId="12.[151,449,727,787]" box="[151,449,727,754]" pageId="12" pageNumber="332">
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<heading id="99475F71FFAAAD72FF04FD00FE6F57D8" bold="true" box="[151,449,727,754]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="332" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="05B0939EFFAAAD72FF04FD00FE6F57D8" ID-CoL="6LCXD" authority="Navas" authorityName="Navas" box="[151,449,727,754]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Haplosialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="332" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="afra">
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<emphasis id="F0C4340FFFAAAD72FF04FD00FE6F57D8" bold="true" box="[151,449,727,754]" pageId="12" pageNumber="332">
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<emphasis id="F0C4340FFFAAAD72FF04FD00FEF457DB" bold="true" box="[151,346,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="332">Haplosialis afra</emphasis>
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(Navás)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C20FE81DFFAAAD72FF04FD2DFE3E5639" blockId="12.[151,449,727,787]" box="[151,400,762,787]" pageId="12" pageNumber="332">
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(
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<figureCitation id="5A8BF498FFAAAD72FF0CFD2DFEA55639" box="[159,267,762,787]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 4" captionStart-1="FIGURES 5 – 7" captionStartId-0="3.[151,250,1154,1176]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,264,1613,1636]" captionTargetBox-0="[168,1424,210,1119]" captionTargetBox-1="[363,1224,1230,1588]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[151,1436,193,1133]" captionTargetId-1="figure@3.[356,1230,1226,1593]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="FIGURE 4. Habitus image of Haplosialis afra (Navás). Scale bar = 1.0 mm." captionText-1="FIGURES 5 – 7. Variation of cephalic and prothoracic marking patterns in Haplosialis afra. Scale bar = 1.0 mm. 5. Male, specimen code: St 104 - 03 / P 0363; 6. Male, specimen code: St 02 - 80 / P 0660; 7. Female, specimen code: St 17 - 23 / P 0374. Scale bars = 1.0 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/226784/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/226785/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="332">Figs. 4–7</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="5A8BF498FFAAAD72FE85FD2CFEF15639" box="[278,351,763,787]" captionStart="FIGURES 32 – 37" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1855,1878]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,201,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,193,1834]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 32 – 37. Haplosialis afra (Navás). 32. Male genitalia, dorsal view; 33. Male genitalia, ventral view; 34. Male genitalia, lateral view; 35. Male genitalia, caudal view; 36. Female genitalia, lateral view; 37. Female genitalia, ventral view. S 7 & S 9: seventh and ninth sternum, T 7 - 10: seventh to ninth tergum, gp: eighth gonapophysis, gx 8 - 11: eighth to eleventh gonocoxite, gst 9: ninth gonostylus, e: ectoproct. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226790/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="332">32–37</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="5A8BF498FFAAAD72FEF9FD2CFE295639" box="[362,391,763,787]" captionStart="FIGURES 38 – 39" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1908,1931]" captionTargetBox="[152,1419,735,1884]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1425,729,1891]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 38 – 39. Distribution maps of Megaloptera from Madagascar. 38. Madachauliodes species; 39 *. Haplosialis afra. Footnote: * The distribution, i. e. the type locality “ Condot ” of Haplosialis madegassa cannot be specifically located." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226791/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="332">39</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8AAABB96FFAAAD72FF04FC95FCC35672" box="[151,877,834,856]" pageId="12" pageNumber="332" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="C20FE81DFFAAAD72FF04FC95FCC35672" blockId="12.[151,877,834,856]" box="[151,877,834,856]" pageId="12" pageNumber="332">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="E2A0CF33FFAAAD72FF04FC95FCC35672" box="[151,877,834,856]" pageId="12" pageNumber="332">
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<taxonomicName id="05B0939EFFAAAD72FF04FC95FE5F5672" ID-CoL="4N73N" authority="Navas, 1936: 105" authorityName="Navas" authorityPageNumber="105" authorityYear="1936" box="[151,497,834,856]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Protosialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="332" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="afra">
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<emphasis id="F0C4340FFFAAAD72FF04FC95FE985672" box="[151,310,834,856]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="332">Protosialis afra</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="4311CE0CFFAAAD72FEAFFC95FE5F5672" author="Navas" box="[316,497,834,856]" page="105" pageId="12" pageNumber="332" year="1936">
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<bibRefCitation id="A62195ECFFAAAD72FEAFFC95FE105672" author="Navas" box="[316,446,834,856]" pageId="12" pageNumber="332" refString="Navas, L. (1936) Comunicaciones entomologicas. 19. Insectos de Madagascar. Tercera [III] serie. Revista de la [Real] Academia de Ciencias Exactas Fisico-Quimicas y Naturales de Zaragoza, 1 (19), 100 - 110." type="journal article" year="1936">Navás, 1936</bibRefCitation>
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: 105
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<typeStatus id="1D0B56BFFFAAAD72FE69FC94FD825672" box="[506,556,835,856]" pageId="12" pageNumber="332">Type</typeStatus>
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locality:
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<collectingCountry id="BAA7A88DFFAAAD72FD1FFC95FCA85672" box="[652,774,834,856]" name="Madagascar" pageId="12" pageNumber="332">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
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(Périnet).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8AAABB96FFAAAD72FF04FC52FE285104" pageId="12" pageNumber="332" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="C20FE81DFFAAAD72FF04FC52FE285104" blockId="12.[151,1437,901,1970]" pageId="12" pageNumber="332">
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<emphasis id="F0C4340FFFAAAD72FF04FC52FEBF56B4" bold="true" box="[151,273,901,926]" pageId="12" pageNumber="332">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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This species is characterized by the generally orange head and pronotum with variable dark markings. The genitalia of this species is characteristic by the male ninth tergum with posterior margin distinctly produced medially in lateral view, the paired and widely apart male ectoproct with distal half strongly narrowed and elongated into a dorsally curved process, and the small and ovoid female eighth gonocoxite medially with a narrow longitudinal incision.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8AAABB96FFAAAD70FF54FBEEFDF8544F" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="334" pageId="12" pageNumber="332" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C20FE81DFFAAAD72FF54FBEEFF62515C" blockId="12.[151,1437,901,1970]" pageId="12" pageNumber="332">
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<emphasis id="F0C4340FFFAAAD72FF54FBEEFEF75178" bold="true" box="[199,345,1081,1106]" pageId="12" pageNumber="332">Description.</emphasis>
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Male. Body length
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<quantity id="054845F8FFAAAD72FDABFBEDFD7E517B" box="[568,720,1082,1106]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.45" metricValueMax="10.7" metricValueMin="8.2" pageId="12" pageNumber="332" unit="mm" value="9.45" valueMax="10.7" valueMin="8.2">8.2–10.7 mm</quantity>
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; forewing length
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<quantity id="054845F8FFAAAD72FC05FBEDFB83517B" box="[918,1069,1082,1106]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.7" metricValueMax="10.3" metricValueMin="9.1" pageId="12" pageNumber="332" unit="mm" value="9.7" valueMax="10.3" valueMin="9.1">9.1–10.3 mm</quantity>
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, hindwing length
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<quantity id="054845F8FFAAAD72FB64FBEDFAD0517B" box="[1271,1406,1082,1106]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.6" metricValueMax="9.3" metricValueMin="7.9" pageId="12" pageNumber="332" unit="mm" value="8.6" valueMax="9.3" valueMin="7.9">7.9–9.3 mm</quantity>
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(n = 5).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C20FE81DFFAAAD72FF54FB56FD6151C8" blockId="12.[151,1437,901,1970]" pageId="12" pageNumber="332">Head orange; frons sometimes pale brown, vertex with pale brown raised scars or almost entirely pale brown. Compound eyes blackish brown, strongly produced. Antennae brown, pilose. Mouthparts yellow; lateral portions of labrum and distal half of mandibles pale brown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C20FE81DFFAAAD72FF54FB3AFC8C5360" blockId="12.[151,1437,901,1970]" pageId="12" pageNumber="332">
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Thorax yellowish brown; pronotum orange to yellowish brown, laterally with a pair of brownish or dark brown vittae, which are sometimes reduced into scattered spots; meso- and metanota dark brown laterally. Legs yellow, but brownish on tibiae and tarsi, bearing dense brownish setae; tarsal claws yellowish brown. Wings (
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<figureCitation id="5A8BF498FFAAAD72FADFFAE2FA3A5064" box="[1356,1428,1333,1358]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1154,1176]" captionTargetBox="[168,1424,210,1119]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,193,1133]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 4. Habitus image of Haplosialis afra (Navás). Scale bar = 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226784/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="332">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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) narrowly elliptical, yellowish brown to pale brown, hindwing slightly paler than forewing; veins pale brown. Forewing nearly 4.0 times as long as wide; 5–8 distinct costal crossveins proximally; sc-r present; Rs 2-branched, with anterior branch occasionally bifurcated; MA 2-branched; MP having two main branches, anterior branch simple, but sometimes bifurcated near wing margin, posterior branch 2-branched; CuA 2-branched; three crossveins between R and Rs. Hindwing slightly broader than forewing, about 3.0 times as long as wide; 2–5 distinct costal crossveins proximally; venation similar to forewing, MA having two simple main branches, with anterior branch sometimes bifurcated nearly wing margin.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C20FE81DFFAAAD72FF54F982FEC052A4" blockId="12.[151,1437,901,1970]" pageId="12" pageNumber="332">
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Abdomen brown to blackish brown, ventrally much paler. Ninth tergum (
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<figureCitation id="5A8BF498FFAAAD72FB9AF982FBF25344" box="[1033,1116,1621,1646]" captionStart="FIGURES 32 – 37" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1855,1878]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,201,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,193,1834]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 32 – 37. Haplosialis afra (Navás). 32. Male genitalia, dorsal view; 33. Male genitalia, ventral view; 34. Male genitalia, lateral view; 35. Male genitalia, caudal view; 36. Female genitalia, lateral view; 37. Female genitalia, ventral view. S 7 & S 9: seventh and ninth sternum, T 7 - 10: seventh to ninth tergum, gp: eighth gonapophysis, gx 8 - 11: eighth to eleventh gonocoxite, gst 9: ninth gonostylus, e: ectoproct. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226790/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="332">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
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) transversely arched, nearly 3.0 times as wide as long in dorsal view, posterior margin distinctly produced medially in lateral view. Ninth sternum (
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<figureCitation id="5A8BF498FFAAAD72FE97F94AFEF7539C" box="[260,345,1693,1718]" captionStart="FIGURES 32 – 37" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1855,1878]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,201,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,193,1834]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 32 – 37. Haplosialis afra (Navás). 32. Male genitalia, dorsal view; 33. Male genitalia, ventral view; 34. Male genitalia, lateral view; 35. Male genitalia, caudal view; 36. Female genitalia, lateral view; 37. Female genitalia, ventral view. S 7 & S 9: seventh and ninth sternum, T 7 - 10: seventh to ninth tergum, gp: eighth gonapophysis, gx 8 - 11: eighth to eleventh gonocoxite, gst 9: ninth gonostylus, e: ectoproct. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226790/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="332">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
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) nearly as long as ninth tergum, transversely wide. Ninth gonocoxite (
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<figureCitation id="5A8BF498FFAAAD72FB0AF94AFA8A539C" box="[1177,1316,1693,1718]" captionStart="FIGURES 32 – 37" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1855,1878]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,201,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,193,1834]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 32 – 37. Haplosialis afra (Navás). 32. Male genitalia, dorsal view; 33. Male genitalia, ventral view; 34. Male genitalia, lateral view; 35. Male genitalia, caudal view; 36. Female genitalia, lateral view; 37. Female genitalia, ventral view. S 7 & S 9: seventh and ninth sternum, T 7 - 10: seventh to ninth tergum, gp: eighth gonapophysis, gx 8 - 11: eighth to eleventh gonocoxite, gst 9: ninth gonostylus, e: ectoproct. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226790/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="332">Figs. 32–34</figureCitation>
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) narrowly elongated, posterior half ovoid, distinctly exceeding posterior margin of ninth tergum. Ectoproct (
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<figureCitation id="5A8BF498FFAAAD72FB70F916FA3B53F0" box="[1251,1429,1729,1754]" captionStart="FIGURES 32 – 37" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1855,1878]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,201,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,193,1834]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 32 – 37. Haplosialis afra (Navás). 32. Male genitalia, dorsal view; 33. Male genitalia, ventral view; 34. Male genitalia, lateral view; 35. Male genitalia, caudal view; 36. Female genitalia, lateral view; 37. Female genitalia, ventral view. S 7 & S 9: seventh and ninth sternum, T 7 - 10: seventh to ninth tergum, gp: eighth gonapophysis, gx 8 - 11: eighth to eleventh gonocoxite, gst 9: ninth gonostylus, e: ectoproct. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226790/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="332">Figs. 32, 34–35</figureCitation>
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) paired, widely apart from each other, proximal half ovoid, distal half strongly narrowed and elongated into a dorsally curved process. Eleventh gonocoxite (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A8BF498FFAAAD72FD3EF8DEFC9B5208" box="[685,821,1801,1826]" captionStart="FIGURES 32 – 37" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1855,1878]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,201,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,193,1834]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 32 – 37. Haplosialis afra (Navás). 32. Male genitalia, dorsal view; 33. Male genitalia, ventral view; 34. Male genitalia, lateral view; 35. Male genitalia, caudal view; 36. Female genitalia, lateral view; 37. Female genitalia, ventral view. S 7 & S 9: seventh and ninth sternum, T 7 - 10: seventh to ninth tergum, gp: eighth gonapophysis, gx 8 - 11: eighth to eleventh gonocoxite, gst 9: ninth gonostylus, e: ectoproct. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226790/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="332">Figs. 32–35</figureCitation>
|
||
) strongly sclerotized, nearly as wide as ninth tergum, transversely arched, laterally tapering anteriorly, posteriorly with a pair of slender projections, which are directed dorsolaterally, with hook-like tip. Membrane between ninth sternum and eleventh gonocoxite distinctly protruding posteriad (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A8BF498FFAAAD72FE9EF8A2FECF52A4" box="[269,353,1909,1934]" captionStart="FIGURES 32 – 37" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1855,1878]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,201,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,193,1834]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 32 – 37. Haplosialis afra (Navás). 32. Male genitalia, dorsal view; 33. Male genitalia, ventral view; 34. Male genitalia, lateral view; 35. Male genitalia, caudal view; 36. Female genitalia, lateral view; 37. Female genitalia, ventral view. S 7 & S 9: seventh and ninth sternum, T 7 - 10: seventh to ninth tergum, gp: eighth gonapophysis, gx 8 - 11: eighth to eleventh gonocoxite, gst 9: ninth gonostylus, e: ectoproct. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226790/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="332">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C20FE81DFFAAAD72FF54F84EFB615298" blockId="12.[151,1437,901,1970]" box="[199,1231,1945,1970]" pageId="12" pageNumber="332">
|
||
Female. Body length
|
||
<quantity id="054845F8FFAAAD72FE2BF84DFDB0529B" box="[440,542,1946,1970]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1199999999999999" pageId="12" pageNumber="332" unit="mm" value="11.2">11.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
; forewing length
|
||
<quantity id="054845F8FFAAAD72FD71F84DFCE9529B" box="[738,839,1946,1970]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.17" pageId="12" pageNumber="332" unit="mm" value="11.7">11.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
, hindwing length 10.0 mm (n = 1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="96CFB895FFABAD73FF04F8E8FCF45298" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226790/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="333" targetBox="[151,1432,201,1834]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="C20FE81DFFABAD73FF04F8E8FCF45298" blockId="13.[151,1436,1855,1970]" pageId="13" pageNumber="333">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0C4340FFFABAD73FF04F8E8FEFF527F" bold="true" box="[151,337,1855,1878]" pageId="13" pageNumber="333">FIGURES 32–37</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05B0939EFFABAD73FEF0F897FDC4527C" authority="Navas" authorityName="Navas" box="[355,618,1856,1878]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Haplosialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="afra">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0C4340FFFABAD73FEF0F897FDA3527C" box="[355,525,1856,1878]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="333">Haplosialis afra</emphasis>
|
||
(Navás)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 32. Male genitalia, dorsal view; 33. Male genitalia, ventral view; 34. Male genitalia, lateral view; 35. Male genitalia, caudal view; 36. Female genitalia, lateral view; 37. Female genitalia, ventral view. S7 & S9: seventh and ninth sternum, T7-10: seventh to ninth tergum, gp: eighth gonapophysis, gx8-11: eighth to eleventh gonocoxite, gst9: ninth gonostylus, e: ectoproct. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="C20FE81DFFA8AD70FF54FF40FDF8544F" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,680]" pageId="14" pageNumber="334">
|
||
Head orange, frons with a subtriangular brownish marking, vertex with a brownish midline, which is extending to frontal marking, forming a T-shaped pattern. Seventh sternum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A8BF498FFA8AD70FC1BFF6BFBBE55FF" box="[904,1040,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 32 – 37" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1855,1878]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,201,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,193,1834]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 32 – 37. Haplosialis afra (Navás). 32. Male genitalia, dorsal view; 33. Male genitalia, ventral view; 34. Male genitalia, lateral view; 35. Male genitalia, caudal view; 36. Female genitalia, lateral view; 37. Female genitalia, ventral view. S 7 & S 9: seventh and ninth sternum, T 7 - 10: seventh to ninth tergum, gp: eighth gonapophysis, gx 8 - 11: eighth to eleventh gonocoxite, gst 9: ninth gonostylus, e: ectoproct. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226790/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="334">Figs. 36–37</figureCitation>
|
||
) broad, posterior margin distinctly produced into an acutely pointed median projection. Eighth gonocoxite (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A8BF498FFA8AD70FC52FF08FBBC55D2" box="[961,1042,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 32 – 37" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1855,1878]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,201,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,193,1834]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 32 – 37. Haplosialis afra (Navás). 32. Male genitalia, dorsal view; 33. Male genitalia, ventral view; 34. Male genitalia, lateral view; 35. Male genitalia, caudal view; 36. Female genitalia, lateral view; 37. Female genitalia, ventral view. S 7 & S 9: seventh and ninth sternum, T 7 - 10: seventh to ninth tergum, gp: eighth gonapophysis, gx 8 - 11: eighth to eleventh gonocoxite, gst 9: ninth gonostylus, e: ectoproct. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226790/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="334">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
|
||
) rather small, ovoid, medially with a narrow longitudinal incision; eighth gonapophyses (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A8BF498FFA8AD70FCB3FED3FCD75436" box="[800,889,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 32 – 37" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1855,1878]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,201,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,193,1834]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 32 – 37. Haplosialis afra (Navás). 32. Male genitalia, dorsal view; 33. Male genitalia, ventral view; 34. Male genitalia, lateral view; 35. Male genitalia, caudal view; 36. Female genitalia, lateral view; 37. Female genitalia, ventral view. S 7 & S 9: seventh and ninth sternum, T 7 - 10: seventh to ninth tergum, gp: eighth gonapophysis, gx 8 - 11: eighth to eleventh gonocoxite, gst 9: ninth gonostylus, e: ectoproct. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226790/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="334">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
|
||
) transversely acrched, setose on anterolateral portions. Ninth gonocoxite (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A8BF498FFA8AD70FE71FEF0FDCD546A" box="[482,611,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 32 – 37" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1855,1878]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,201,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,193,1834]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 32 – 37. Haplosialis afra (Navás). 32. Male genitalia, dorsal view; 33. Male genitalia, ventral view; 34. Male genitalia, lateral view; 35. Male genitalia, caudal view; 36. Female genitalia, lateral view; 37. Female genitalia, ventral view. S 7 & S 9: seventh and ninth sternum, T 7 - 10: seventh to ninth tergum, gp: eighth gonapophysis, gx 8 - 11: eighth to eleventh gonocoxite, gst 9: ninth gonostylus, e: ectoproct. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226790/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="334">Fig. 36–37</figureCitation>
|
||
) semiovoid, distally with rather small gonostylus. Ectoproct (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A8BF498FFA8AD70FAAEFEF0FA3A546A" box="[1341,1428,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 32 – 37" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1855,1878]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,201,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,193,1834]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 32 – 37. Haplosialis afra (Navás). 32. Male genitalia, dorsal view; 33. Male genitalia, ventral view; 34. Male genitalia, lateral view; 35. Male genitalia, caudal view; 36. Female genitalia, lateral view; 37. Female genitalia, ventral view. S 7 & S 9: seventh and ninth sternum, T 7 - 10: seventh to ninth tergum, gp: eighth gonapophysis, gx 8 - 11: eighth to eleventh gonocoxite, gst 9: ninth gonostylus, e: ectoproct. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226790/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="334">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
|
||
) small, suboval, directed posteroventrad.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8AAABB96FFA8AD70FF54FEB8FE0357AE" pageId="14" pageNumber="334" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="C20FE81DFFA8AD70FF54FEB8FE0357AE" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,680]" pageId="14" pageNumber="334">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0C4340FFFA8AD70FF54FEB8FE6D54A2" bold="true" box="[199,451,367,392]" pageId="14" pageNumber="334">Materials examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BAA7A88DFFA8AD70FE40FEA7FD3154A2" box="[467,671,368,392]" name="Madagascar" pageId="14" pageNumber="334">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="D4B62394FFA8AD70FD22FEA7FD7B54A2" box="[689,725,368,392]" pageId="14" pageNumber="334" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, [Diana Region], Bas[sin]. Antongombato, Riv[er]. Makis, Loc[al]. Camp base WWF, 12°31′40″S, 49°10′09″E,
|
||
<date id="B60ECEDDFFA8AD70FD6EFE43FCD05487" box="[765,894,404,429]" pageId="14" pageNumber="334" value="1995-03-31">31.III.1995</date>
|
||
, A. Ralaiteferana & L. Blanc, St104-01/P0364 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="A4A170D8FFA8AD70FF0CFE6FFF5D54FA" box="[159,243,440,464]" pageId="14" pageNumber="334">MCZL</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<specimenCount id="D4B62394FFA8AD70FE98FE6FFE9E54FA" box="[267,304,440,464]" pageId="14" pageNumber="334" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, Bas[sin]. [Diana Region], Antongombato, Riv[er]. Makis, Loc[al]. 75 mètres en aval de P189, 12°31′38″S, 49°10′21″E,
|
||
<date id="B60ECEDDFFA8AD70FE2CFE0BFD9154DF" box="[447,575,476,501]" pageId="14" pageNumber="334" value="1995-03-31">31.III.1995</date>
|
||
, A. Ralaiteferana & L. Blanc, St104-03/P0363 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="A4A170D8FFA8AD70FBE9FE0BFB6054DE" box="[1146,1230,476,500]" pageId="14" pageNumber="334">MCZL</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<specimenCount id="D4B62394FFA8AD70FB75FE0BFAA354DE" box="[1254,1293,476,500]" pageId="14" pageNumber="334" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
1♀, [Alaotra Mangoro Region], Bas[sin]. Rianila, Riv[er]. Aff. De Sahatandra, Loc[al]. Andasibe en Amont, 18°54′26″S, 48°24′07″E,
|
||
<date id="B60ECEDDFFA8AD70FEBFFDF3FE055717" box="[300,427,548,573]" pageId="14" pageNumber="334" value="1995-04-13">13.IV.1995</date>
|
||
, M. Sartori & L. Ruffieux, St17-23/P0374 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="A4A170D8FFA8AD70FC29FDF3FBA05716" box="[954,1038,548,572]" pageId="14" pageNumber="334">MCZL</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<specimenCount id="D4B62394FFA8AD70FBB4FDF3FBE35716" box="[1063,1101,548,572]" pageId="14" pageNumber="334" type="generic">2♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, [Alaotra Mangoro Region], Bas[sin]. Betsiboka, Riv[er]. Beharena, Loc[al]. Antaniditra, 18°25′43″S, 48°02′55″E,
|
||
<date id="B60ECEDDFFA8AD70FBE1FD90FB5A574A" box="[1138,1268,583,608]" pageId="14" pageNumber="334" value="1996-11-16">16.XI.1996</date>
|
||
, J.M. Elouard, St02-80/P0660 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="A4A170D8FFA8AD70FEDEFDBBFE0F57AE" box="[333,417,620,644]" pageId="14" pageNumber="334">MCZL</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8AAABB96FFA8AD70FF54FD58FC255782" box="[199,907,655,680]" pageId="14" pageNumber="334" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="C20FE81DFFA8AD70FF54FD58FC255782" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,680]" box="[199,907,655,680]" pageId="14" pageNumber="334">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0C4340FFFA8AD70FF54FD58FECE5782" bold="true" box="[199,352,655,680]" pageId="14" pageNumber="334">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A8BF498FFA8AD70FEFCFD58FE6F5782" box="[367,449,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURES 38 – 39" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1908,1931]" captionTargetBox="[152,1419,735,1884]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1425,729,1891]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 38 – 39. Distribution maps of Megaloptera from Madagascar. 38. Madachauliodes species; 39 *. Haplosialis afra. Footnote: * The distribution, i. e. the type locality “ Condot ” of Haplosialis madegassa cannot be specifically located." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226791/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="334">Fig. 39</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BAA7A88DFFA8AD70FE43FD58FDF95782" box="[464,599,655,680]" name="Madagascar" pageId="14" pageNumber="334">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Alaotra Mangoro, Diana).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="96CFB895FFA8AD70FF04F8A3FA9F5280" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226791/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="334" targetBox="[152,1419,735,1884]" targetPageId="14">
|
||
<paragraph id="C20FE81DFFA8AD70FF04F8A3FA9F5280" blockId="14.[151,1406,1908,1962]" pageId="14" pageNumber="334">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0C4340FFFA8AD70FF04F8A3FEE352A0" bold="true" box="[151,333,1908,1931]" pageId="14" pageNumber="334">FIGURES 38–39</emphasis>
|
||
. Distribution maps of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05B0939EFFA8AD70FDA2F8A2FD1F52A1" box="[561,689,1909,1931]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Megaloptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Madagascar. 38.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05B0939EFFA8AD70FC08F8A2FBEA52A1" box="[923,1092,1909,1931]" class="Insecta" family="Corydalidae" genus="Madachauliodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0C4340FFFA8AD70FC08F8A2FBEA52A1" box="[923,1092,1909,1931]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="334">Madachauliodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species; 39*.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05B0939EFFA8AD70FB40F8A2FAD652A1" box="[1235,1400,1909,1931]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Haplosialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="afra">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0C4340FFFA8AD70FB40F8A2FAD652A1" box="[1235,1400,1909,1931]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="334">Haplosialis afra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Footnote: *The distribution, i.e. the type locality “Condot” of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05B0939EFFA8AD70FC98F843FC585280" box="[779,1014,1940,1962]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Haplosialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madegassa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0C4340FFFA8AD70FC98F843FC585280" box="[779,1014,1940,1962]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="334">Haplosialis madegassa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cannot be specifically located.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8AAABB96FFA9AD71FF54FF40FD01576A" pageId="15" pageNumber="335" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="C20FE81DFFA9AD71FF54FF40FD01576A" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,576]" pageId="15" pageNumber="335">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0C4340FFFA9AD71FF54FF40FE95559A" bold="true" box="[199,315,151,176]" pageId="15" pageNumber="335">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="1D0B56BFFFA9AD71FE14FF4FFE6C559A" box="[391,450,152,176]" pageId="15" pageNumber="335">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05B0939EFFA9AD71FE69FF4EFDFD559A" box="[506,595,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Haplosialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="afra">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0C4340FFFA9AD71FE69FF4EFDFD559A" box="[506,595,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="335">H. afra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which were in MNHN are lost (Dr. J. Legrand, MNHN, personal communication). This species has intraspecific variation in the cephalic and prothoracic marking patterns as well as in the wing venations (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A8BF498FFA9AD71FE06FF0DFDAF55D9" box="[405,513,218,243]" captionStart="FIGURES 5 – 7" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1613,1636]" captionTargetBox="[363,1224,1230,1588]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[356,1230,1226,1593]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 5 – 7. Variation of cephalic and prothoracic marking patterns in Haplosialis afra. Scale bar = 1.0 mm. 5. Male, specimen code: St 104 - 03 / P 0363; 6. Male, specimen code: St 02 - 80 / P 0660; 7. Female, specimen code: St 17 - 23 / P 0374. Scale bars = 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226785/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="335">Figs. 5–7</figureCitation>
|
||
). In our examined specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05B0939EFFA9AD71FCF9FF0BFC1555D9" box="[874,955,219,243]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Haplosialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="afra">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0C4340FFFA9AD71FCF9FF0BFC1555D9" box="[874,955,219,243]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="335">H. afra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the head is entirely orange, mostly brown, or orange with lateral brown markings and a median brown marking from frons extending to vertex in different males, and the female head is most orange but with a T-shaped brown marking medially. The pronotum is orange with a pair of brown lateral vittae in two males and one female, but it is orange laterally with a few scattered brownish spots or mostly brown in remaining specimens. The anterior branch of forewing MP vein varies from simple to bifurcate among examined specimens. The hindwing MP vein mostly has two simple branch, but in one male its anterior branch is bifurcated distally. Notably, according to the original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05B0939EFFA9AD71FB6AFE73FE9D54F6" authority="Navas 1927" authorityName="Navas" authorityYear="1927" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Haplosialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madegassa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0C4340FFFA9AD71FB6AFE73FA325491" box="[1273,1436,418,443]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="335">H. madegassa</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A62195ECFFA9AD71FF0DFE13FE8554F6" author="Navas" box="[158,299,452,476]" pageId="15" pageNumber="335" refString="Navas, L. (1927) Insectos del Museo de Paris. 4. a Serie. Broteria (Zoologica), 24, 5 - 33." type="journal article" year="1927">Navás 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, its cephalic and prothoracic marking patterns can be found in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05B0939EFFA9AD71FB9DFE12FBCC54F6" box="[1038,1122,452,476]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Haplosialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="afra">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0C4340FFFA9AD71FB9DFE12FBCC54F6" box="[1038,1122,452,476]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="335">H. afra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Furthermore, although the forewing MP vein has two simple branches in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05B0939EFFA9AD71FD3EFE31FCE054D4" box="[685,846,485,510]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Haplosialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madegassa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0C4340FFFA9AD71FD3EFE31FCE054D4" box="[685,846,485,510]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="335">H. madegassa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on its original description (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A62195ECFFA9AD71FB41FE31FAF154D4" author="Navas" box="[1234,1375,486,510]" pageId="15" pageNumber="335" refString="Navas, L. (1927) Insectos del Museo de Paris. 4. a Serie. Broteria (Zoologica), 24, 5 - 33." type="journal article" year="1927">Navás 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), this character may also be unstable among conspecific individuals. Therefore, we cannot eliminate the possibility that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05B0939EFFA9AD71FF04FDFEFF46576A" box="[151,232,552,576]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Haplosialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="afra">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0C4340FFFA9AD71FF04FDFEFF46576A" box="[151,232,552,576]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="335">H. afra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05B0939EFFA9AD71FE8DFDFEFE13576A" box="[286,445,551,576]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Haplosialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madegassa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0C4340FFFA9AD71FE8DFDFEFE13576A" box="[286,445,551,576]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="335">H. madegassa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are the same species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |