1515 lines
243 KiB
XML
1515 lines
243 KiB
XML
<document id="8E041E58912F552F3FC9F8FB1C166F24" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3741.4.4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5270840" ID-ZooBank="9B010B81-F74F-42E8-9EE2-0EA5FFF369AD" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629942327425" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Świętojańska, Jolanta, Moradian, Hossein, Borowiec, Lech & Ostovan, Hadi" docDate="2013" docId="4337445C86441E1DFF3877F8FB5DFE3B" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03741p537.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3741 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Cassida palaestina Reiche 1858" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="535" masterDocId="BF0E3C2486461E04FFAF7727FFD4FFEB" masterDocTitle="Description of larvae of two closely related species Cassida palaestina Reiche, 1858 and Cassida rubiginosa Müller, 1776 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae)" masterLastPageNumber="537" masterPageNumber="511" pageNumber="513" updateTime="1699130100147" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="491CD02D5B8177FCFC306990B1B91621">Description of larvae of two closely related species Cassida palaestina Reiche, 1858 and Cassida rubiginosa Müller, 1776 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="5ACE979AD8B0FBA32F787D8DCCD4C972">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="0A2FDFB4BB0C35AB53D192FE445EDF9D">Świętojańska, Jolanta</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2A8E23BED4BA8569BFF808CC46365F4A">Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Taxonomy, University of Wrocław, Przybyszewskiego 63 / 77, 51 - 148 Wrocław, Poland. E-mail: sindiola @ biol. uni. wroc. pl, cassidae @ biol. uni. wroc. pl,</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FD8D80E6E525EFF100ABF56D83780F15">Moradian, Hossein</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="256AEB8D4DF1B9BDD0169E55022AA512">Department of Entomology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Fars, Iran.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="518DE0C529EF69E5B1EE3ECA62CE3D32">Borowiec, Lech</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D32A669DBB81D5AEAEF124B2779D38C0">Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Taxonomy, University of Wrocław, Przybyszewskiego 63 / 77, 51 - 148 Wrocław, Poland. E-mail: sindiola @ biol. uni. wroc. pl, cassidae @ biol. uni. wroc. pl,</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F3FEC60BF0BE1B414ECBB554BA44B09D">Ostovan, Hadi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="33C96279FA72E89EF9ACB3483D67F4E8">Department of Entomology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Fars, Iran.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="F4D600B6D0972B4ED72FFCA730858A79">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="09D835E94F8F675B7A2ECA85322B21E9">
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<mods:date id="D05B31CD26CAAB0E90A740AEDA1AB45F">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="635438757B7ADD74A5A9B42A558F31AC">2013-11-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="1FC6E0282589DE55C98EFAE44BB20DB6">3741</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="5D39BBBBC77CD2128C9228702325A25D" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3741.4.4</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="4337445C86441E1DFF3877F8FB5DFE3B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4337445C86441E1DFF3877F8FB5DFE3B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4337445C86441E1DFF3877F8FB5DFE3B" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="535" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">
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<subSubSection id="8384A6C186441E06FF3877F8FD4DFF13" box="[151,665,223,248]" pageId="2" pageNumber="513" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="CB21F54A86441E06FF3877F8FD4DFF13" blockId="2.[151,665,223,248]" box="[151,665,223,248]" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">
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<heading id="9069422686441E06FF3877F8FD4DFF13" bold="true" box="[151,665,223,248]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="513" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="F9EA295886441E06FF3877F8FD4DFF13" bold="true" box="[151,665,223,248]" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">
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<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC986441E06FF3877F8FDD9FF13" ID-CoL="7RYL6" authority="Reiche, 1858" authorityName="Reiche" authorityYear="1858" box="[151,525,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaestina">
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<emphasis id="F9EA295886441E06FF3877F8FEBAFF13" bold="true" box="[151,366,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">Cassida palaestina</emphasis>
|
||
Reiche, 1858
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, first instar
|
||
</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8384A6C186441E1CFF38760FFE46FEAB" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="535" pageId="2" pageNumber="513" type="description">
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<paragraph id="CB21F54A86441E06FF38760FFF1BFE46" blockId="2.[151,1437,295,429]" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">
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Measurements (n = 1 [mm],
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<tableCitation id="861CC0F186441E06FE717600FDE6FEAB" box="[478,562,295,320]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,241,476,499]" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements of first and fifth instar larva of Cassida palaestina." pageId="2" pageNumber="513">Table 1</tableCitation>
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||
). Length: 1.35, measured without head, from anterior border of pronotum to base of supra-anal processes; width of body: 0.66, measured across metanotum, without lateral scoli; length of supra-anal processes: 1.25, measured from base on IX abdominal segment to the top of processes, width of head: 0.37.
|
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="9FE1A5C286441E06FF3876FBFC05FE18" box="[151,977,475,499]" pageId="2" pageNumber="513" startId="2.[151,241,476,499]">
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<paragraph id="CB21F54A86441E06FF3876FBFC05FE18" blockId="2.[151,977,475,499]" box="[151,977,475,499]" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">
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<emphasis id="F9EA295886441E06FF3876FBFED8FE18" bold="true" box="[151,268,476,499]" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements of first and fifth instar larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC986441E06FD5276FCFC19FE18" authorityName="Reiche" authorityYear="1858" box="[765,973,475,499]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaestina">Cassida palaestina</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
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<paragraph id="CB21F54A86441E06FE767529FB08FC87" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">
|
||
<table id="B99E07EA8644E1FBFF307529FAAEFC87" box="[159,1402,526,876]" colsContinueIn="19.[159,1400,306,871]" gridcols="5" gridrows="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">
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<tr id="75AEF7088644E1FBFF307529FAAEFDCF" box="[159,1402,526,548]" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="513" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="367F9E748644E1FBFE767529FD7FFDCF" box="[473,683,526,548]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">length of body [mm]</th>
|
||
<th id="367F9E748644E1FBFD647529FC43FDCF" box="[715,919,526,548]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">width of body [mm]</th>
|
||
<th id="367F9E748644E1FBFC127529FB53FDCF" box="[957,1159,526,548]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">length of supra-anal</th>
|
||
<th id="367F9E748644E1FBFB1F7529FAAEFDCF" box="[1200,1402,526,548]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">width of head [mm]</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="75AEF7088644E1FBFF30750AFAAEFDA8" box="[159,1402,557,579]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="513" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<td id="367F9E748644E1FBFC12750AFB53FDA8" box="[957,1159,557,579]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">processes [mm]</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="75AEF7088644E1FBFF307571FAAEFD87" box="[159,1402,598,620]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="513" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<th id="367F9E748644E1FBFF307571FE96FD87" box="[159,322,598,620]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">first instar larva</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="75AEF7088644E1FBFF307552FAAEFD60" box="[159,1402,629,651]" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">
|
||
<th id="367F9E748644E1FBFF307552FE96FD60" box="[159,322,629,651]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">1.</th>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748644E1FBFE767552FD7FFD60" box="[473,683,629,651]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">1.35</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748644E1FBFD647552FC43FD60" box="[715,919,629,651]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">0.66</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748644E1FBFC127552FB53FD60" box="[957,1159,629,651]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">1.25</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748644E1FBFB1F7552FAAEFD60" box="[1200,1402,629,651]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">0.37</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="75AEF7088644E1FBFF3075B9FAAEFD5F" box="[159,1402,670,692]" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="513" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<th id="367F9E748644E1FBFF3075B9FE96FD5F" box="[159,322,670,692]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">fifth instar larva</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="75AEF7088644E1FBFF30759AFAAEFD38" box="[159,1402,701,723]" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">
|
||
<th id="367F9E748644E1FBFF30759AFE96FD38" box="[159,322,701,723]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">1.</th>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748644E1FBFE76759AFD7FFD38" box="[473,683,701,723]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">6.20</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748644E1FBFD64759AFC43FD38" box="[715,919,701,723]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">2.80</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748644E1FBFC12759AFB53FD38" box="[957,1159,701,723]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">2.40</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748644E1FBFB1F759AFAAEFD38" box="[1200,1402,701,723]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">0.93</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="75AEF7088644E1FBFF3075FBFAAEFD19" box="[159,1402,732,754]" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">
|
||
<th id="367F9E748644E1FBFF3075FBFE96FD19" box="[159,322,732,754]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">2.</th>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748644E1FBFE7675FBFD7FFD19" box="[473,683,732,754]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">5.70</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748644E1FBFD6475FBFC43FD19" box="[715,919,732,754]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">2.90</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748644E1FBFC1275FBFB53FD19" box="[957,1159,732,754]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">2.30</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748644E1FBFB1F75FBFAAEFD19" box="[1200,1402,732,754]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">0.93</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="75AEF7088644E1FBFF3075DDFAAEFCFB" box="[159,1402,762,784]" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">
|
||
<th id="367F9E748644E1FBFF3075DDFE96FCFB" box="[159,322,762,784]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">3.</th>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748644E1FBFE7675DDFD7FFCFB" box="[473,683,762,784]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">5.70</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748644E1FBFD6475DDFC43FCFB" box="[715,919,762,784]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">2.80</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748644E1FBFC1275DDFB53FCFB" box="[957,1159,762,784]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">2.30</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748644E1FBFB1F75DDFAAEFCFB" box="[1200,1402,762,784]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">0.90</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="75AEF7088644E1FBFF30743EFAAEFCC4" box="[159,1402,793,815]" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">
|
||
<th id="367F9E748644E1FBFF30743EFE96FCC4" box="[159,322,793,815]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">4.</th>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748644E1FBFE76743EFD7FFCC4" box="[473,683,793,815]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">5.50</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748644E1FBFD64743EFC43FCC4" box="[715,919,793,815]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">3.20</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748644E1FBFC12743EFB53FCC4" box="[957,1159,793,815]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">2.30</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748644E1FBFB1F743EFAAEFCC4" box="[1200,1402,793,815]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">0.93</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="75AEF7088644E1FBFF30741FFAAEFCA5" box="[159,1402,824,846]" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">
|
||
<th id="367F9E748644E1FBFF30741FFE96FCA5" box="[159,322,824,846]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">5.</th>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748644E1FBFE76741FFD7FFCA5" box="[473,683,824,846]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">5.00</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748644E1FBFD64741FFC43FCA5" box="[715,919,824,846]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">2.70</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748644E1FBFC12741FFB53FCA5" box="[957,1159,824,846]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">2.20</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748644E1FBFB1F741FFAAEFCA5" box="[1200,1402,824,846]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">0.93</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="75AEF7088644E1FBFF307471FAAEFC87" box="[159,1402,854,876]" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">
|
||
<th id="367F9E748644E1FBFF307471FE96FC87" box="[159,322,854,876]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">6.</th>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748644E1FBFE767471FD7FFC87" box="[473,683,854,876]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">5.80</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748644E1FBFD647471FC43FC87" box="[715,919,854,876]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">2.80</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748644E1FBFC127471FB53FC87" box="[957,1159,854,876]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">2.40</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748644E1FBFB1F7471FAAEFC87" box="[1200,1402,854,876]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">0.93</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86441E06FF68748AFC17FBE6" blockId="2.[151,1437,941,1980]" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">Body flattened dorso-ventrally, oval, moderately narrowed posteriorly, widest across meso- and metanotum. Body of alcohol-preserved larva yellowish-white with dark brown head, legs, two dark brown patches on pronotum, brown lateral scoli and 1/3 basal half of supra-anal processes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86441E06FF68733EFD6BFA2F" blockId="2.[151,1437,941,1980]" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">
|
||
Body with 16 pairs of lateral scoli and a single pair of long supra-anal processes, more or less as long as body length. Except fifth and seventh, lateral scoli of thorax more or less equal in length and approximately as long as half width of meso- and metathorax. Fifth and seventh pair of scoli shorter than remaining scoli of thorax (2/3 to 1/2 length of remaining lateral scoli of thorax). Scoli of first to sixth abdominal segment shortened posteriorly. Lateral scoli 15
|
||
<superScript id="3CEB580286441E06FEE0738FFE8FFB5D" attach="left" box="[335,347,1192,1206]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">th</superScript>
|
||
and 16
|
||
<superScript id="3CEB580286441E06FE18738FFE17FB5D" attach="left" box="[439,451,1192,1206]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">th</superScript>
|
||
the longest, equal in length, and approximately three times shorter than supra-anal processes. First and second lateral scoli fused at base and directed anteriorly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86441E06FBB673F7FBBAFB02" box="[1049,1134,1232,1257]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–21" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1735,1758]" captionTargetBox="[237,1351,202,1709]" captionTargetId="figure-150@5.[226,1361,193,1714]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 13–21. Cassida palaestina, first instar larva. 13. lateral scoli of first two pairs; 14. lateral scolus of third pair; 15. lateral scolus of ninth pair; 16. lateral scolus of thirteenth pair; 17. top of supra-anal process; 18. top of lateral scolus of sixteenth pair; 19. lateral scolus of fifteenth pair; 20. thoracic spiracle; 21. spiracle of first abdominal segment." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270848" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270848/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
). First pair of lateral scoli with two, simple lateral branches, the other scoli simple, without lateral branches but with a few, more or less elongate cauliflower-shaped sensilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86441E06FDE5723FFD2AFADA" box="[586,766,1304,1329]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–21" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1735,1758]" captionTargetBox="[237,1351,202,1709]" captionTargetId="figure-150@5.[226,1361,193,1714]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 13–21. Cassida palaestina, first instar larva. 13. lateral scoli of first two pairs; 14. lateral scolus of third pair; 15. lateral scolus of ninth pair; 16. lateral scolus of thirteenth pair; 17. top of supra-anal process; 18. top of lateral scolus of sixteenth pair; 19. lateral scolus of fifteenth pair; 20. thoracic spiracle; 21. spiracle of first abdominal segment." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270848" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270848/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">
|
||
Figs 14
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886441E06FD0C723FFD65FADA" bold="true" box="[675,689,1304,1329]" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">–</emphasis>
|
||
16, 19
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Thoracic and first abdominal scoli armed apically with elongate, truncate seta at the apex covered with scales (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86441E06FC9C721BFC6DFABE" box="[819,953,1340,1365]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–21" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1735,1758]" captionTargetBox="[237,1351,202,1709]" captionTargetId="figure-150@5.[226,1361,193,1714]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 13–21. Cassida palaestina, first instar larva. 13. lateral scoli of first two pairs; 14. lateral scolus of third pair; 15. lateral scolus of ninth pair; 16. lateral scolus of thirteenth pair; 17. top of supra-anal process; 18. top of lateral scolus of sixteenth pair; 19. lateral scolus of fifteenth pair; 20. thoracic spiracle; 21. spiracle of first abdominal segment." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270848" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270848/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">
|
||
Figs 13
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886441E06FC22721BFC4FFABE" bold="true" box="[909,923,1340,1365]" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">–</emphasis>
|
||
15
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
), each remaining abdominal scoli armed apically with more or less elongate cauliflower-shaped sensillum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86441E06FCD87244FC1EFA97" box="[887,970,1379,1404]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–21" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1735,1758]" captionTargetBox="[237,1351,202,1709]" captionTargetId="figure-150@5.[226,1361,193,1714]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 13–21. Cassida palaestina, first instar larva. 13. lateral scoli of first two pairs; 14. lateral scolus of third pair; 15. lateral scolus of ninth pair; 16. lateral scolus of thirteenth pair; 17. top of supra-anal process; 18. top of lateral scolus of sixteenth pair; 19. lateral scolus of fifteenth pair; 20. thoracic spiracle; 21. spiracle of first abdominal segment." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270848" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270848/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
). Lateral scoli 15
|
||
<superScript id="3CEB580286441E06FB257278FB42FA86" attach="left" box="[1162,1174,1375,1389]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">th</superScript>
|
||
and 16
|
||
<superScript id="3CEB580286441E06FB487278FB27FA86" attach="left" box="[1255,1267,1375,1389]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">th</superScript>
|
||
armed apically with a simple seta (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86441E06FED472A1FDD7FA74" box="[379,515,1414,1439]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–21" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1735,1758]" captionTargetBox="[237,1351,202,1709]" captionTargetId="figure-150@5.[226,1361,193,1714]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 13–21. Cassida palaestina, first instar larva. 13. lateral scoli of first two pairs; 14. lateral scolus of third pair; 15. lateral scolus of ninth pair; 16. lateral scolus of thirteenth pair; 17. top of supra-anal process; 18. top of lateral scolus of sixteenth pair; 19. lateral scolus of fifteenth pair; 20. thoracic spiracle; 21. spiracle of first abdominal segment." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270848" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270848/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">Figs 18, 19</figureCitation>
|
||
). Supra-anal processes sinuate, bent dorsally, in basal half covered with spikes, apically flash-shaped without any setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86441E06FDF1728CFD66FA2F" box="[606,690,1451,1476]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–21" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1735,1758]" captionTargetBox="[237,1351,202,1709]" captionTargetId="figure-150@5.[226,1361,193,1714]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 13–21. Cassida palaestina, first instar larva. 13. lateral scoli of first two pairs; 14. lateral scolus of third pair; 15. lateral scolus of ninth pair; 16. lateral scolus of thirteenth pair; 17. top of supra-anal process; 18. top of lateral scolus of sixteenth pair; 19. lateral scolus of fifteenth pair; 20. thoracic spiracle; 21. spiracle of first abdominal segment." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270848" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270848/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86441E06FF6872E9FB38F9E7" blockId="2.[151,1437,941,1980]" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">
|
||
Spiracles 9, elevated, annular. Close to pronotal spiracle there is one minute seta (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86441E06FBF272E9FB65FA0C" box="[1117,1201,1486,1511]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–21" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1735,1758]" captionTargetBox="[237,1351,202,1709]" captionTargetId="figure-150@5.[226,1361,193,1714]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 13–21. Cassida palaestina, first instar larva. 13. lateral scoli of first two pairs; 14. lateral scolus of third pair; 15. lateral scolus of ninth pair; 16. lateral scolus of thirteenth pair; 17. top of supra-anal process; 18. top of lateral scolus of sixteenth pair; 19. lateral scolus of fifteenth pair; 20. thoracic spiracle; 21. spiracle of first abdominal segment." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270848" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270848/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
), while close to each abdominal spiracle there are two minute setae and one small cauliflower-shape sensillum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86441E06FB2472D4FB0AF9E7" box="[1163,1246,1523,1548]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–21" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1735,1758]" captionTargetBox="[237,1351,202,1709]" captionTargetId="figure-150@5.[226,1361,193,1714]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 13–21. Cassida palaestina, first instar larva. 13. lateral scoli of first two pairs; 14. lateral scolus of third pair; 15. lateral scolus of ninth pair; 16. lateral scolus of thirteenth pair; 17. top of supra-anal process; 18. top of lateral scolus of sixteenth pair; 19. lateral scolus of fifteenth pair; 20. thoracic spiracle; 21. spiracle of first abdominal segment." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270848" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270848/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86441E06FF687131FA96F954" blockId="2.[151,1437,941,1980]" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">
|
||
Tergites and sternites distinctly granulate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86441E06FD307131FCC6F9C4" box="[671,786,1558,1583]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–12" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1827,1850]" captionTargetBox="[205,1387,311,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-148@4.[188,1398,301,1807]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 5–12. Cassida palaestina, first instar larva. 5. pro-, meso-, matanotum and first abdominal tergite (granulation of body on right side were partially removed); 6. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of pronotum; 7. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of mesonotum; 8. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of VII abdominal tergite; 9. meso-, metasternum and abdominal sternites I–IV (granulation of body on right side were partially removed); 10. abdominal sternites VII and VIII (granulation of body on right side were partially removed); 11. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of IV abdominal sternite placed medially; 12. minute setae and cauliflower-shaped sensilla of VII abdominal sternite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270844" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270844/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">
|
||
Figs 5
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886441E06FD4A7131FD27F9C4" bold="true" box="[741,755,1558,1583]" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">–</emphasis>
|
||
12
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Minute setae present at anterior border of all tergites and sternites and also close to each spiracle. Tergites without long pointed setae but with small numerous cauliflowershaped sensilla, whose size very slightly decreases posteriorly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86441E06FCF17179FC16F99C" box="[862,962,1630,1655]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–12" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1827,1850]" captionTargetBox="[205,1387,311,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-148@4.[188,1398,301,1807]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 5–12. Cassida palaestina, first instar larva. 5. pro-, meso-, matanotum and first abdominal tergite (granulation of body on right side were partially removed); 6. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of pronotum; 7. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of mesonotum; 8. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of VII abdominal tergite; 9. meso-, metasternum and abdominal sternites I–IV (granulation of body on right side were partially removed); 10. abdominal sternites VII and VIII (granulation of body on right side were partially removed); 11. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of IV abdominal sternite placed medially; 12. minute setae and cauliflower-shaped sensilla of VII abdominal sternite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270844" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270844/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">
|
||
Figs 5
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886441E06FC0B7179FC66F99C" bold="true" box="[932,946,1630,1655]" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">–</emphasis>
|
||
8
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pro-, meso-, metasternum and first three abdominal sternites with long pointed setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86441E06FD1A71A4FCD4F977" box="[693,768,1667,1692]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–12" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1827,1850]" captionTargetBox="[205,1387,311,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-148@4.[188,1398,301,1807]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 5–12. Cassida palaestina, first instar larva. 5. pro-, meso-, matanotum and first abdominal tergite (granulation of body on right side were partially removed); 6. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of pronotum; 7. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of mesonotum; 8. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of VII abdominal tergite; 9. meso-, metasternum and abdominal sternites I–IV (granulation of body on right side were partially removed); 10. abdominal sternites VII and VIII (granulation of body on right side were partially removed); 11. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of IV abdominal sternite placed medially; 12. minute setae and cauliflower-shaped sensilla of VII abdominal sternite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270844" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270844/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
). Remaining abdominal sternites with cauliflower-shape sensilla, which are larger than sensilla on tergites, but their size distinctly decrease posteriorly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86441E06FB6E7181FAE0F954" box="[1217,1332,1702,1727]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–12" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1827,1850]" captionTargetBox="[205,1387,311,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-148@4.[188,1398,301,1807]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 5–12. Cassida palaestina, first instar larva. 5. pro-, meso-, matanotum and first abdominal tergite (granulation of body on right side were partially removed); 6. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of pronotum; 7. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of mesonotum; 8. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of VII abdominal tergite; 9. meso-, metasternum and abdominal sternites I–IV (granulation of body on right side were partially removed); 10. abdominal sternites VII and VIII (granulation of body on right side were partially removed); 11. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of IV abdominal sternite placed medially; 12. minute setae and cauliflower-shaped sensilla of VII abdominal sternite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270844" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270844/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">
|
||
Figs 9
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886441E06FAA87181FAC1F954" bold="true" box="[1287,1301,1702,1727]" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">–</emphasis>
|
||
12
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86441E06FF6871ECFB6DF857" blockId="2.[151,1437,941,1980]" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">
|
||
Pronotum on each side with one campaniform sensillum placed anteriorly and with 10 cauliflower-shaped sensilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86441E06FF5571C9FEEAF8EC" box="[250,318,1774,1799]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–12" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1827,1850]" captionTargetBox="[205,1387,311,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-148@4.[188,1398,301,1807]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 5–12. Cassida palaestina, first instar larva. 5. pro-, meso-, matanotum and first abdominal tergite (granulation of body on right side were partially removed); 6. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of pronotum; 7. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of mesonotum; 8. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of VII abdominal tergite; 9. meso-, metasternum and abdominal sternites I–IV (granulation of body on right side were partially removed); 10. abdominal sternites VII and VIII (granulation of body on right side were partially removed); 11. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of IV abdominal sternite placed medially; 12. minute setae and cauliflower-shaped sensilla of VII abdominal sternite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270844" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270844/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). Meso- and metanotum with two pairs of very minute setae close to anterior border of each tergite; besides with a pair of cauliflower-shaped sensilla antero-medially, five cauliflower-shaped sensilla arranged in row on each side posteriorly and a single cauliflower-shaped sensillum on each antero-lateral side. All abdominal tergites with a pair of very minute setae close to anterior border and with two minute setae and one cauliflowershaped sensillum placed close to each spiracle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86441E06FD007059FD23F87C" box="[687,759,1918,1943]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–12" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1827,1850]" captionTargetBox="[205,1387,311,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-148@4.[188,1398,301,1807]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 5–12. Cassida palaestina, first instar larva. 5. pro-, meso-, matanotum and first abdominal tergite (granulation of body on right side were partially removed); 6. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of pronotum; 7. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of mesonotum; 8. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of VII abdominal tergite; 9. meso-, metasternum and abdominal sternites I–IV (granulation of body on right side were partially removed); 10. abdominal sternites VII and VIII (granulation of body on right side were partially removed); 11. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of IV abdominal sternite placed medially; 12. minute setae and cauliflower-shaped sensilla of VII abdominal sternite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270844" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270844/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">Figs 5</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86441E06FCAA7059FCF0F87C" box="[773,804,1918,1943]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–21" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1735,1758]" captionTargetBox="[237,1351,202,1709]" captionTargetId="figure-150@5.[226,1361,193,1714]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 13–21. Cassida palaestina, first instar larva. 13. lateral scoli of first two pairs; 14. lateral scolus of third pair; 15. lateral scolus of ninth pair; 16. lateral scolus of thirteenth pair; 17. top of supra-anal process; 18. top of lateral scolus of sixteenth pair; 19. lateral scolus of fifteenth pair; 20. thoracic spiracle; 21. spiracle of first abdominal segment." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270848" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270848/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="513">21</figureCitation>
|
||
). Abdominal tergites also with two pairs of cauliflowershaped sensilla on each side: first pair placed antero-laterally and the second postero-medially.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="9FE1A5C286451E07FF3871E1FA51F937" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270842" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5270842" box="[151,1413,1734,1757]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270842/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="514" startId="3.[151,264,1734,1757]" targetBox="[211,1382,208,1701]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86451E07FF3871E1FA51F937" blockId="3.[151,1413,1734,1757]" box="[151,1413,1734,1757]" pageId="3" pageNumber="514">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886451E07FF3871E1FEEEF937" bold="true" box="[151,314,1734,1757]" pageId="3" pageNumber="514">FIGURES 1–2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC986451E07FEEF71E1FDD2F937" baseAuthorityName="Swietojanska" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[320,518,1734,1756]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886451E07FEEF71E1FDD2F937" box="[320,518,1734,1756]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="514">Cassida rubiginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, adult.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886451E07FDFD71E0FDB1F937" bold="true" box="[594,613,1735,1756]" pageId="3" pageNumber="514">1.</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886451E07FD1971E0FD1DF937" bold="true" box="[694,713,1735,1756]" pageId="3" pageNumber="514">2.</emphasis>
|
||
ventral.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886451E07FC8C71E1FC73F937" bold="true" box="[803,935,1734,1756]" pageId="3" pageNumber="514">Figures 3–4.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886451E07FC0371E1FBA0F937" box="[940,1140,1734,1756]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="514">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC986451E07FC0371E1FBA4F937" authorityName="Reiche" authorityYear="1858" box="[940,1136,1734,1756]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaestina">Cassida palaestina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
adult.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886451E07FB1571E0FB19F937" bold="true" box="[1210,1229,1735,1756]" pageId="3" pageNumber="514">3.</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886451E07FAB171E0FAE5F937" bold="true" box="[1310,1329,1735,1756]" pageId="3" pageNumber="514">4.</emphasis>
|
||
ventral.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86451E00FF687023FDA3FF3E" blockId="3.[151,1436,1796,2037]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,151,248]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="515" pageId="3" pageNumber="514">
|
||
Pro-, meso- and metasternum with two pairs of long setae placed medially (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86451E07FB837023FBA7F8F6" box="[1068,1139,1796,1821]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–12" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1827,1850]" captionTargetBox="[205,1387,311,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-148@4.[188,1398,301,1807]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 5–12. Cassida palaestina, first instar larva. 5. pro-, meso-, matanotum and first abdominal tergite (granulation of body on right side were partially removed); 6. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of pronotum; 7. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of mesonotum; 8. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of VII abdominal tergite; 9. meso-, metasternum and abdominal sternites I–IV (granulation of body on right side were partially removed); 10. abdominal sternites VII and VIII (granulation of body on right side were partially removed); 11. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of IV abdominal sternite placed medially; 12. minute setae and cauliflower-shaped sensilla of VII abdominal sternite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270844" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270844/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="514">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
). Meso- and metasternum with two pairs of minute setae close to anterior border. Two pairs of minute setae present at base of all legs. A pair of very minute setae present at anterior margin of all abdominal sternites. First three abdominal sternites with 8 long pointed setae medially. Moreover, first abdominal sternite with one seta on each postero-lateral side. Second and third sternite with two setae (or cauliflower-shaped sensilla) on each postero-lateral side and one seta on each antero-lateral side. Sternites IV
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886451E07FE5B7090FDD6F83B" bold="true" box="[500,514,1975,2000]" pageId="3" pageNumber="514">–</emphasis>
|
||
VI with one cauliflower-shaped sensillum on each antero-lateral side and with two pairs of prominent cauliflower-shaped sensilla on each side: first pair placed antero-medially, the second postero- laterally. Sternites VII and VIII with two pairs of cauliflower-shaped sensilla on each side: first pair placed anteriorly, the second posteriorly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86421E00FDB9779BFDBEFF3E" box="[534,618,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–12" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1827,1850]" captionTargetBox="[205,1387,311,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-148@4.[188,1398,301,1807]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 5–12. Cassida palaestina, first instar larva. 5. pro-, meso-, matanotum and first abdominal tergite (granulation of body on right side were partially removed); 6. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of pronotum; 7. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of mesonotum; 8. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of VII abdominal tergite; 9. meso-, metasternum and abdominal sternites I–IV (granulation of body on right side were partially removed); 10. abdominal sternites VII and VIII (granulation of body on right side were partially removed); 11. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of IV abdominal sternite placed medially; 12. minute setae and cauliflower-shaped sensilla of VII abdominal sternite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270844" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270844/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="515">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86421E00FF6877F8FD3CFF13" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,248]" box="[199,744,223,248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="515">
|
||
Six stemmata on each side of head (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86421E00FDF677F8FD08FF13" box="[601,732,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–28" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1745,1768]" captionTargetBox="[209,1386,183,1708]" captionTargetId="figure-142@6.[188,1398,175,1719]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 22–28. Cassida palaestina, first instar larva. 22. frontal side of head; 23. temporal side of head; 24. dorsal side of labrum; 25. ventral side of labrum; 26, 27. mandibles; 28. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post— postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270852" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270852/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="515">Figs 22, 23</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="9FE1A5C286421E00FF387004FD6DF838" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270844" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5270844" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270844/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="515" startId="4.[151,264,1827,1850]" targetBox="[205,1387,311,1801]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86421E00FF387004FD6DF838" blockId="4.[151,1436,1827,2003]" pageId="4" pageNumber="515">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886421E00FF387004FE9CF8D2" bold="true" box="[151,328,1827,1850]" pageId="4" pageNumber="515">FIGURES 5–12.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC986421E00FEFF7003FDC7F8D1" authorityName="Reiche" authorityYear="1858" box="[336,531,1828,1850]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaestina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886421E00FEFF7003FDC7F8D1" box="[336,531,1828,1850]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="515">Cassida palaestina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, first instar larva.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886421E00FD7C7003FD31F8D2" bold="true" box="[723,741,1828,1849]" pageId="4" pageNumber="515">5.</emphasis>
|
||
pro-, meso-, matanotum and first abdominal tergite (granulation of body on right side were partially removed);
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886421E00FDDC7064FD52F8B3" bold="true" box="[627,646,1859,1880]" pageId="4" pageNumber="515">6.</emphasis>
|
||
cauliflower-shaped sensilla of pronotum;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886421E00FBE87064FB8EF8B3" bold="true" box="[1095,1114,1859,1880]" pageId="4" pageNumber="515">7.</emphasis>
|
||
cauliflower-shaped sensilla of mesonotum;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886421E00FEB17046FEE5F89D" bold="true" box="[286,305,1889,1910]" pageId="4" pageNumber="515">8.</emphasis>
|
||
cauliflower-shaped sensilla of VII abdominal tergite;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886421E00FCDE7046FC50F89D" bold="true" box="[881,900,1889,1910]" pageId="4" pageNumber="515">9.</emphasis>
|
||
meso-, metasternum and abdominal sternites I
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886421E00FADB7045FA54F89C" bold="true" box="[1396,1408,1890,1911]" pageId="4" pageNumber="515">–</emphasis>
|
||
IV (granulation of body on right side were partially removed);
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886421E00FD5770A7FCCCF87E" bold="true" box="[760,792,1920,1941]" pageId="4" pageNumber="515">10.</emphasis>
|
||
abdominal sternites VII and VIII (granulation of body on right side were partially removed);
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886421E00FE6270B8FE3FF85F" bold="true" box="[461,491,1951,1972]" pageId="4" pageNumber="515">11.</emphasis>
|
||
cauliflower-shaped sensilla of IV abdominal sternite placed medially;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886421E00FB6870B8FB33F85F" bold="true" box="[1223,1255,1951,1972]" pageId="4" pageNumber="515">12.</emphasis>
|
||
minute setae and cauliflower-shaped sensilla of VII abdominal sternite.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="9FE1A5C286431E01FF3871E0FB23F8F0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270848" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5270848" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270848/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="516" startId="5.[151,264,1735,1758]" targetBox="[237,1351,202,1709]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86431E01FF3871E0FB23F8F0" blockId="5.[151,1436,1735,1819]" pageId="5" pageNumber="516">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886431E01FF3871E0FE83F936" bold="true" box="[151,343,1735,1758]" pageId="5" pageNumber="516">FIGURES 13–21.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC986431E01FECF71EFFDF1F935" authorityName="Reiche" authorityYear="1858" box="[352,549,1736,1758]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaestina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886431E01FECF71EFFDF1F935" box="[352,549,1736,1758]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="516">Cassida palaestina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, first instar larva.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886431E01FD4371EFFCD8F936" bold="true" box="[748,780,1736,1757]" pageId="5" pageNumber="516">13.</emphasis>
|
||
lateral scoli of first two pairs;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886431E01FBF571EFFBAEF936" bold="true" box="[1114,1146,1736,1757]" pageId="5" pageNumber="516">14.</emphasis>
|
||
lateral scolus of third pair;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886431E01FF3871C0FF62F917" bold="true" box="[151,182,1767,1788]" pageId="5" pageNumber="516">15.</emphasis>
|
||
lateral scolus of ninth pair;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886431E01FE7271C0FE29F917" bold="true" box="[477,509,1767,1788]" pageId="5" pageNumber="516">16.</emphasis>
|
||
lateral scolus of thirteenth pair;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886431E01FCFE71C0FCA4F917" bold="true" box="[849,880,1767,1788]" pageId="5" pageNumber="516">17.</emphasis>
|
||
top of supra-anal process;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886431E01FB2471C0FB7EF917" bold="true" box="[1163,1194,1767,1788]" pageId="5" pageNumber="516">18.</emphasis>
|
||
top of lateral scolus of sixteenth pair;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886431E01FE827022FE99F8F1" bold="true" box="[301,333,1797,1818]" pageId="5" pageNumber="516">19.</emphasis>
|
||
lateral scolus of fifteenth pair;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886431E01FD247022FD7EF8F1" bold="true" box="[651,682,1797,1818]" pageId="5" pageNumber="516">20.</emphasis>
|
||
thoracic spiracle;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886431E01FCCB7022FC50F8F1" bold="true" box="[868,900,1797,1818]" pageId="5" pageNumber="516">21.</emphasis>
|
||
spiracle of first abdominal segment.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86431E01FF687060FDE8F826" blockId="5.[151,1436,1863,1997]" pageId="5" pageNumber="516">
|
||
Frontal side of head with four small, vertical setae (V 1
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886431E01FCEC7060FC85F88B" bold="true" box="[835,849,1863,1888]" pageId="5" pageNumber="516">–</emphasis>
|
||
4) and five frontal rows of setae: row Fa with three setae, Fb with four setae, Fc with three setae, Fd with single seta, Fe with two setae. One campaniform sensillum present in area between seta Fc1 and Fc2 (closer to Fc1). Temporal side of head with three setae (T 1
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886431E01FB5270A8FADFF843" bold="true" box="[1277,1291,1935,1960]" pageId="5" pageNumber="516">–</emphasis>
|
||
3) and single campaniform sensillum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86431E01FE027093FDFBF826" box="[429,559,1972,1997]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–28" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1745,1768]" captionTargetBox="[209,1386,183,1708]" captionTargetId="figure-142@6.[188,1398,175,1719]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 22–28. Cassida palaestina, first instar larva. 22. frontal side of head; 23. temporal side of head; 24. dorsal side of labrum; 25. ventral side of labrum; 26, 27. mandibles; 28. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post— postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270852" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270852/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="516">Figs 22, 23</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="9FE1A5C286401E02FF3871F6FD09F8AF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270852" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5270852" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270852/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="517" startId="6.[151,264,1745,1768]" targetBox="[209,1386,183,1708]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86401E02FF3871F6FD09F8AF" blockId="6.[151,1436,1745,1860]" pageId="6" pageNumber="517">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886401E02FF3871F6FE81F90C" bold="true" box="[151,341,1745,1768]" pageId="6" pageNumber="517">FIGURES 22–28.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC986401E02FEF371F5FDC9F903" authorityName="Reiche" authorityYear="1858" box="[348,541,1746,1768]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="517" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaestina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886401E02FEF371F5FDC9F903" box="[348,541,1746,1768]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="517">Cassida palaestina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, first instar larva.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886401E02FD7471F5FD2FF90C" bold="true" box="[731,763,1746,1767]" pageId="6" pageNumber="517">22.</emphasis>
|
||
frontal side of head;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886401E02FC7771F5FC2CF90C" bold="true" box="[984,1016,1746,1767]" pageId="6" pageNumber="517">23.</emphasis>
|
||
temporal side of head;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886401E02FB4471F5FADEF90C" bold="true" box="[1259,1290,1746,1767]" pageId="6" pageNumber="517">24.</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal side of labrum;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886401E02FF4371D6FED8F8ED" bold="true" box="[236,268,1777,1798]" pageId="6" pageNumber="517">25.</emphasis>
|
||
ventral side of labrum;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886401E02FDAD71D6FD9DF8ED" bold="true" box="[514,585,1777,1798]" pageId="6" pageNumber="517">26, 27.</emphasis>
|
||
mandibles;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886401E02FD6971D6FD32F8ED" bold="true" box="[710,742,1777,1798]" pageId="6" pageNumber="517">28.</emphasis>
|
||
maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886401E02FB6271D6FB22F8ED" bold="true" box="[1229,1270,1777,1798]" pageId="6" pageNumber="517">hyp</emphasis>
|
||
—hypopharynx;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886401E02FF387028FF78F8CF" bold="true" box="[151,172,1807,1828]" pageId="6" pageNumber="517">lp</emphasis>
|
||
—labial palp;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886401E02FEE57028FEA7F8CF" bold="true" box="[330,371,1807,1828]" pageId="6" pageNumber="517">mal</emphasis>
|
||
—mala;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886401E02FE7D7028FE2BF8CF" bold="true" box="[466,511,1807,1828]" pageId="6" pageNumber="517">mpI</emphasis>
|
||
—first segment of maxillary palp;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886401E02FC2F7028FC63F8CF" bold="true" box="[896,951,1807,1828]" pageId="6" pageNumber="517">mpII</emphasis>
|
||
—second segment of maxillary palp;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886401E02FAFA7028FA56F8CF" bold="true" box="[1365,1410,1807,1828]" pageId="6" pageNumber="517">post</emphasis>
|
||
— postmentum;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886401E02FE8E7009FEE9F8A8" bold="true" box="[289,317,1838,1859]" pageId="6" pageNumber="517">pp</emphasis>
|
||
—palpifer;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886401E02FE1C7009FE03F8A8" bold="true" box="[435,471,1838,1859]" pageId="6" pageNumber="517">pre</emphasis>
|
||
—prementum;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886401E02FDDE7009FD57F8A8" bold="true" box="[625,643,1838,1859]" pageId="6" pageNumber="517">st</emphasis>
|
||
—stipes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86401E02FF68704CFF17F81B" blockId="6.[151,1436,1899,2032]" pageId="6" pageNumber="517">
|
||
Antennae 2-segmented, set in membranous ring. First segment transverse, wider than second one. Second segment stout, as long as wide, with a group of three peg-like sensilla at the apex: one prominent (sensory appendix) and four smaller. In general, shape of antenna of first instar looks like that of fifth instar (see
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86401E02FAEF7094FF63F81B" captionStart="FIGURES 81–86" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1586,1609]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,193,1565]" captionTargetId="figure-195@18.[188,1398,193,1565]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 81–86. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 81. head; 82. seta of head, in the background stemma; 83, 84. antenna; 85. mouthparts; 86. labrum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270877" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270877/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="517">Figs 83, 84</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86411E03FF6877B0FBF7FEAB" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1040]" pageId="7" pageNumber="518">
|
||
Labrum wider than long, anterior margin not emarginate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86411E03FCC977B0FC3AFF5B" box="[870,1006,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–28" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1745,1768]" captionTargetBox="[209,1386,183,1708]" captionTargetId="figure-142@6.[188,1398,175,1719]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 22–28. Cassida palaestina, first instar larva. 22. frontal side of head; 23. temporal side of head; 24. dorsal side of labrum; 25. ventral side of labrum; 26, 27. mandibles; 28. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post— postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270852" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270852/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="518">Figs 24, 25</figureCitation>
|
||
). Anterior margin with six fine setae medially and four stout setae on each side. Dorsally four setae placed in the middle in one row running across width, two setae close to anterior margin, and two pairs of campaniform sensilla medially. Mid part of ventral surface (epipharyngeal area) with a pair of small setae, two pairs of campaniform sensilla and two irregular groups of a few small sensilla. Numerous small spines medially and on each lateral side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86411E03FF68766BFC27FE63" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1040]" pageId="7" pageNumber="518">
|
||
Mandibles heavily sclerotized (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86411E03FD89766BFD73FE8E" box="[550,679,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–28" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1745,1768]" captionTargetBox="[209,1386,183,1708]" captionTargetId="figure-142@6.[188,1398,175,1719]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 22–28. Cassida palaestina, first instar larva. 22. frontal side of head; 23. temporal side of head; 24. dorsal side of labrum; 25. ventral side of labrum; 26, 27. mandibles; 28. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post— postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270852" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270852/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="518">Figs 26, 27</figureCitation>
|
||
), palmate, with six triangular, apical teeth, five in row and the sixth slightly retracted. Two setae and three campaniform sensilla at base dorsally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86411E03FF6876B3FBDBFD20" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1040]" pageId="7" pageNumber="518">
|
||
Maxillae and labium connate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86411E03FD8B76B3FDAFFE46" box="[548,635,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–28" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1745,1768]" captionTargetBox="[209,1386,183,1708]" captionTargetId="figure-142@6.[188,1398,175,1719]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 22–28. Cassida palaestina, first instar larva. 22. frontal side of head; 23. temporal side of head; 24. dorsal side of labrum; 25. ventral side of labrum; 26, 27. mandibles; 28. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post— postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270852" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270852/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="518">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||
). Each stipes (st) with two long, pointed setae. Palpifer (pp) with two pointed setae and three campaniform sensilla ventrally. Mala (mal) not distinctly bordered from palpifer, bear: six long pointed setae, one long blunt seta, one short blunt seta (or peg like sensillum?). Maxillary palp twosegmented: first segment (mpI) with two pointed setae and one campaniform sensillum, second segment (mpII) with one pointed seta, one blunt seta (digitiform sensillum—ds), one campaniform sensillum on sides, and a group of twelve small peg-like sensilla at the apex. Labial palp (lp) one-segmented with a group of nine small peg-like sensilla at the apex and one campaniform sensillum below the apex. Hypopharynx (hyp) covered with numerous spines, and with six campaniform sensilla at base. Prementum (pre) with two long pointed setae, two short pointed setae and four campaniform sensilla. Postmentum (post) with six pointed setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86411E03FF6875FFFF06FBFB" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1040]" pageId="7" pageNumber="518">
|
||
Legs stout, consist of three segments: coxa, femur and tibiotarsus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86411E03FC6775F0FBCAFD1B" box="[968,1054,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="7.[151,249,2011,2033]" captionText="FIGURE 29. Cassida palaestina, first instar larva, leg." pageId="7" pageNumber="518">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
|
||
). Internal side of coxa with setae arranged in three groups: first group with two short setae (placed close to border between coxa and body); second with three short setae; third with three short setae and one long seta. Femur with 11 moderately long pointed setae and one short pointed seta placed dorsally close to the base. Femur also with a group of five campaniform sensilla and one short pointed seta basally on internal side; one campaniform sensillum ventrally; and two campaniform sensilla externally. Tibiotarsus apically with a heavily sclerotised, curved, single and simple claw armed basally with a pointed seta. Claw and pointed seta surrounded by a complex of six long setae, four of them distinctly curved apically. Tibiotarsus also with two long setae dorsally and two campaniform sensilla and small seta above claw.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="9FE1A5C286411E03FF3870FCFD12F81A" box="[151,710,2011,2033]" pageId="7" pageNumber="518" startId="7.[151,249,2011,2033]">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86411E03FF3870FCFD12F81A" blockId="7.[151,710,2011,2033]" box="[151,710,2011,2033]" pageId="7" pageNumber="518">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886411E03FF3870FCFECBF81B" bold="true" box="[151,287,2011,2033]" pageId="7" pageNumber="518">FIGURE 29.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC986411E03FE8A70FCFE32F81A" authorityName="Reiche" authorityYear="1858" box="[293,486,2011,2033]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaestina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886411E03FE8A70FCFE32F81A" box="[293,486,2011,2033]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="518">Cassida palaestina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, first instar larva, leg.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A864E1E0CFF6877B0FDAEFEF0" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,717]" pageId="8" pageNumber="519">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864E1E0CFF6877B0FC44FF5B" bold="true" box="[199,912,151,176]" pageId="8" pageNumber="519">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9864E1E0CFF6877B0FD95FF5B" authority="Reiche, 1858" authorityName="Reiche" authorityYear="1858" box="[199,577,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaestina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864E1E0CFF6877B0FE4BFF5B" bold="true" box="[199,415,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="519">Cassida palaestina</emphasis>
|
||
Reiche, 1858
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, fifth instar (mature larva).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements (n = 6 [mm],
|
||
<tableCitation id="861CC0F1864E1E0CFB7077B0FAE6FF5B" box="[1247,1330,151,176]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,241,476,499]" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements of first and fifth instar larva of Cassida palaestina." pageId="8" pageNumber="519">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). Length was measured without head, from anterior border of pronotum to base of supra-anal processes; width of body was measured across metathorax, without lateral scoli; length of supra-anal processes were measured from base on IX abdominal segment to the top of processes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A864E1E0CFF687600FE27FE63" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,717]" pageId="8" pageNumber="519">
|
||
Body elongate-oval, widest across meso- and metathorax, narrowed posteriorly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF864E1E0CFBE57600FB18FEAB" box="[1098,1228,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 52–55" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1801,1824]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,193,1780]" captionTargetId="figure-106@13.[188,1398,193,1780]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 52–55. Fifth instar larva. 52, 53. Cassida rubiginosa; 54, 55. Cassida palaestina. 52, 54. dorsal view; 53, 55. ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270867/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="519">Figs 54, 55</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body of alcoholpreserved larvae yellowish-white with two brown patches on pronotum, brown base of supra-anal processes, brown spiracles and dark brown head.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A864E1E0CFF6876B3FF30FDD6" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,717]" pageId="8" pageNumber="519">
|
||
Body with 16 pairs of lateral scoli and a single pair of supra-anal processes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF864E1E0CFBB276B3FB4AFE46" box="[1053,1182,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 52–55" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1801,1824]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,193,1780]" captionTargetId="figure-106@13.[188,1398,193,1780]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 52–55. Fifth instar larva. 52, 53. Cassida rubiginosa; 54, 55. Cassida palaestina. 52, 54. dorsal view; 53, 55. ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270867/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="519">Figs 54, 55</figureCitation>
|
||
). Lateral scoli more or less of the same length. All scoli with numerous lateral branches (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF864E1E0CFC3A7690FC3AFE3B" box="[917,1006,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURES 34–37" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1949,1972]" captionTargetBox="[182,1426,200,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-61@10.[172,1435,193,1916]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 34–37. Fifth instar larvae. 34. lateral scoli of first two pairs of Cassida rubiginosa; 35. lateral scoli of first two pairs of Cassida palaestina; 36. leg of Cassida rubiginosa; 37. leg of Cassida palaestina." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270860" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270860/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="519">Figs 35</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF864E1E0CFC527690FB92FE3B" box="[1021,1094,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURES 93–101" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1900,1923]" captionTargetBox="[172,1432,193,1869]" captionTargetId="figure-62@21.[172,1436,193,1869]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 93–101. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 93. lateral scoli of first two pairs; 94. lateral scoli of abdomen; 95– 97. lateral branches of lateral scolus at base; 98. top of lateral scolus; 99. spiracle of abdomen; 100. spiracle of thorax; 101. anal turret." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270881/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="519">
|
||
93
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864E1E0CFBB77690FBF2FE3B" bold="true" box="[1048,1062,439,464]" pageId="8" pageNumber="519">–</emphasis>
|
||
97
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Lateral scoli apically armed with pointed seta whereas lateral branches armed with elongate cauliflower-shape sensillum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF864E1E0CFB0176FBFAE4FE1E" box="[1198,1328,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 93–101" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1900,1923]" captionTargetBox="[172,1432,193,1869]" captionTargetId="figure-62@21.[172,1436,193,1869]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 93–101. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 93. lateral scoli of first two pairs; 94. lateral scoli of abdomen; 95– 97. lateral branches of lateral scolus at base; 98. top of lateral scolus; 99. spiracle of abdomen; 100. spiracle of thorax; 101. anal turret." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270881/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="519">
|
||
Figs 96
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864E1E0CFAAD76FBFAC4FE1E" bold="true" box="[1282,1296,476,501]" pageId="8" pageNumber="519">–</emphasis>
|
||
98
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Scoli of first two pairs placed very close to each other (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF864E1E0CFD1576D8FCC7FDF3" box="[698,787,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURES 34–37" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1949,1972]" captionTargetBox="[182,1426,200,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-61@10.[172,1435,193,1916]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 34–37. Fifth instar larvae. 34. lateral scoli of first two pairs of Cassida rubiginosa; 35. lateral scoli of first two pairs of Cassida palaestina; 36. leg of Cassida rubiginosa; 37. leg of Cassida palaestina." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270860" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270860/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="519">Figs 35</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF864E1E0CFC8D76D8FC95FDF3" box="[802,833,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURES 93–101" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1900,1923]" captionTargetBox="[172,1432,193,1869]" captionTargetId="figure-62@21.[172,1436,193,1869]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 93–101. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 93. lateral scoli of first two pairs; 94. lateral scoli of abdomen; 95– 97. lateral branches of lateral scolus at base; 98. top of lateral scolus; 99. spiracle of abdomen; 100. spiracle of thorax; 101. anal turret." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270881/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="519">93</figureCitation>
|
||
). Supra-anal processes short, as long as 3/5 of body length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A864E1E0CFF687560FB91FD26" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,717]" pageId="8" pageNumber="519">
|
||
Granulation of body more distinct on thoracic sternites. Minute setae at anterior border of each tergite and sternite. Tergites covered with cauliflower-shaped sensilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF864E1E0CFC99754BFC01FD6E" box="[822,981,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURES 102–107" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1638,1661]" captionTargetBox="[172,1423,193,1613]" captionTargetId="figure-188@22.[172,1423,193,1613]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 102–107. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 102–104. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of pronotum; 105– 107. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of abdominal tergites VIII and IX." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270883/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="519">
|
||
Figs 102
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864E1E0CFC36754BFC73FD6E" bold="true" box="[921,935,620,645]" pageId="8" pageNumber="519">–</emphasis>
|
||
107
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pro-, meso- and metasternum and first three abdominal sternites with pointed setae medially and cauliflower-shaped sensilla laterally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF864E1E0CFB4175A8FA44FD43" box="[1262,1424,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURES 108–113" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1739,1762]" captionTargetBox="[171,1432,265,1710]" captionTargetId="figure-181@23.[171,1444,265,1710]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 108–113. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 108, 109. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of metasternum placed laterally; 110. first two abdominal sternite medially; 111. seta of metasternum placed postero-medially; 112. setae of abdominal sternite I placed medially; 113. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of abdominal sternite I placed laterally." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270885" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270885/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="519">
|
||
Figs 108
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864E1E0CFAFB75A8FAB6FD43" bold="true" box="[1364,1378,655,680]" pageId="8" pageNumber="519">–</emphasis>
|
||
113
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). The remaining abdominal sternites with cauliflower-shaped sensilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF864E1E0CFC337593FBEDFD26" box="[924,1081,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 114–116" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1527,1550]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,913,1506]" captionTargetId="figure-597@24.[188,1398,913,1506]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 114–116. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva, cauliflower-shaped sensilla of abdominal sternite VII." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270887/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="519">
|
||
Figs 114
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864E1E0CFC527593FBDFFD26" bold="true" box="[1021,1035,692,717]" pageId="8" pageNumber="519">–</emphasis>
|
||
116
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="9FE1A5C2864E1E0CFF38708AFB0FF82F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270854" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5270854" box="[151,1243,1965,1988]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270854/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="519" startId="8.[151,264,1965,1988]" targetBox="[192,1388,776,1941]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A864E1E0CFF38708AFB0FF82F" blockId="8.[151,1243,1965,1988]" box="[151,1243,1965,1988]" pageId="8" pageNumber="519">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864E1E0CFF38708AFE87F828" bold="true" box="[151,339,1965,1988]" pageId="8" pageNumber="519">FIGURES 30, 31.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9864E1E0CFEF57089FDCFF82F" authorityName="Reiche" authorityYear="1858" box="[346,539,1966,1988]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaestina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864E1E0CFEF57089FDCFF82F" box="[346,539,1966,1988]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="519">Cassida palaestina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, fifth instar larva.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864E1E0CFD787089FD23F828" bold="true" box="[727,759,1966,1987]" pageId="8" pageNumber="519">30.</emphasis>
|
||
pro- and mesonotum;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864E1E0CFC737089FC28F828" bold="true" box="[988,1020,1966,1987]" pageId="8" pageNumber="519">31.</emphasis>
|
||
abdominal tergite VI.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="9FE1A5C2864F1E0DFF3872EBFECAF9EA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270856" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5270856" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270856/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="520" startId="9.[151,264,1484,1507]" targetBox="[229,1362,203,1461]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A864F1E0DFF3872EBFECAF9EA" blockId="9.[151,1435,1484,1537]" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864F1E0DFF3872EBFE80FA0A" bold="true" box="[151,340,1484,1507]" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">FIGURES 32, 33.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9864F1E0DFEF472EBFDC8FA09" authorityName="Reiche" authorityYear="1858" box="[347,540,1484,1506]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="520" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaestina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864F1E0DFEF472EBFDC8FA09" box="[347,540,1484,1506]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">Cassida palaestina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, fifth instar larva.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864F1E0DFD7472EBFD2FFA0A" bold="true" box="[731,763,1484,1505]" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">32.</emphasis>
|
||
metasternum and first abdominal sternite;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864F1E0DFB0072EBFB04FA0A" bold="true" box="[1199,1232,1484,1505]" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">33.</emphasis>
|
||
abdominal sternites VII and VIII.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A864F1E0DFF68710EFB8FF962" blockId="9.[151,1436,1576,2033]" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">
|
||
Pronotum with numerous cauliflower-shaped sensilla distributed regularly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF864F1E0DFBF9710FFB62F9AA" box="[1110,1206,1576,1601]" captionStart="FIGURES 30, 31" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1965,1988]" captionTargetBox="[192,1388,776,1941]" captionTargetId="figure-269@8.[188,1398,769,1944]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 30, 31. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 30. pro- and mesonotum; 31. abdominal tergite VI." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270854" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270854/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">Figs 30</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF864F1E0DFB64710FFAE5F9AA" box="[1227,1329,1576,1601]" captionStart="FIGURES 102–107" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1638,1661]" captionTargetBox="[172,1423,193,1613]" captionTargetId="figure-188@22.[172,1423,193,1613]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 102–107. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 102–104. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of pronotum; 105– 107. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of abdominal tergites VIII and IX." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270883/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">
|
||
102
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864F1E0DFB5A710FFAD7F9AA" bold="true" box="[1269,1283,1576,1601]" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">–</emphasis>
|
||
104
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Meso-, metanotum and abdominal tergites with two minute setae at anterior border medially and two irregular rows of numerous cauliflower-shaped sensilla running across segment (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF864F1E0DFCF47157FC08F962" box="[859,988,1648,1673]" captionStart="FIGURES 30, 31" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1965,1988]" captionTargetBox="[192,1388,776,1941]" captionTargetId="figure-269@8.[188,1398,769,1944]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 30, 31. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 30. pro- and mesonotum; 31. abdominal tergite VI." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270854" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270854/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">Figs 30, 31</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF864F1E0DFC477157FB9AF962" box="[1000,1102,1648,1673]" captionStart="FIGURES 102–107" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1638,1661]" captionTargetBox="[172,1423,193,1613]" captionTargetId="figure-188@22.[172,1423,193,1613]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 102–107. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 102–104. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of pronotum; 105– 107. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of abdominal tergites VIII and IX." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270883/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">
|
||
105
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864F1E0DFBBD7157FBF4F962" bold="true" box="[1042,1056,1648,1673]" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">–</emphasis>
|
||
107
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A864F1E0DFF6871B2FD62F86E" blockId="9.[151,1436,1576,2033]" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">
|
||
Two pairs of minute setae at anterior border of pro-, meso- and metasternum. Pro-, meso- and metasternum also with two groups of numerous setae antero-medially (placed very close to each other), a pair of setae posteromedially, and a group of cauliflower-shaped sensilla on each lateral side (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF864F1E0DFC7771FBFBE4F91E" box="[984,1072,1756,1781]" captionStart="FIGURES 32, 33" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1484,1507]" captionTargetBox="[229,1362,203,1461]" captionTargetId="figure-226@9.[216,1370,193,1463]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 32, 33. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 32. metasternum and first abdominal sternite; 33. abdominal sternites VII and VIII." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270856" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270856/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">Figs 32</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF864F1E0DFB9271FBFB70F91E" box="[1085,1188,1756,1781]" captionStart="FIGURES 108–113" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1739,1762]" captionTargetBox="[171,1432,265,1710]" captionTargetId="figure-181@23.[171,1444,265,1710]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 108–113. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 108, 109. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of metasternum placed laterally; 110. first two abdominal sternite medially; 111. seta of metasternum placed postero-medially; 112. setae of abdominal sternite I placed medially; 113. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of abdominal sternite I placed laterally." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270885" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270885/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">108, 109</figureCitation>
|
||
). Two minute setae at anterior border of each abdominal sternite. First three abdominal sternites with numerous setae (most of them placed on tubercles) medially and numerous cauliflower-shaped sensilla laterally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF864F1E0DFB907003FB43F8D6" box="[1087,1175,1828,1853]" captionStart="FIGURES 32, 33" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1484,1507]" captionTargetBox="[229,1362,203,1461]" captionTargetId="figure-226@9.[216,1370,193,1463]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 32, 33. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 32. metasternum and first abdominal sternite; 33. abdominal sternites VII and VIII." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270856" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270856/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">Figs 32</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF864F1E0DFB0A7003FADDF8D6" box="[1189,1289,1828,1853]" captionStart="FIGURES 108–113" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1739,1762]" captionTargetBox="[171,1432,265,1710]" captionTargetId="figure-181@23.[171,1444,265,1710]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 108–113. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 108, 109. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of metasternum placed laterally; 110. first two abdominal sternite medially; 111. seta of metasternum placed postero-medially; 112. setae of abdominal sternite I placed medially; 113. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of abdominal sternite I placed laterally." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270885" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270885/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">
|
||
110
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864F1E0DFB617003FB08F8D6" bold="true" box="[1230,1244,1828,1853]" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">–</emphasis>
|
||
113
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Abdominal sternites III
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864F1E0DFEB6706FFEF3F88A" bold="true" box="[281,295,1864,1889]" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">–</emphasis>
|
||
VIII with numerous cauliflower-shaped sensilla distributed regularly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF864F1E0DFBED706FFB4EF88A" box="[1090,1178,1864,1889]" captionStart="FIGURES 32, 33" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1484,1507]" captionTargetBox="[229,1362,203,1461]" captionTargetId="figure-226@9.[216,1370,193,1463]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 32, 33. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 32. metasternum and first abdominal sternite; 33. abdominal sternites VII and VIII." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270856" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270856/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">Figs 33</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF864F1E0DFB08706FFADFF88A" box="[1191,1291,1864,1889]" captionStart="FIGURES 114–116" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1527,1550]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,913,1506]" captionTargetId="figure-597@24.[188,1398,913,1506]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 114–116. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva, cauliflower-shaped sensilla of abdominal sternite VII." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270887/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">
|
||
114
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864F1E0DFB7F706FFB0AF88A" bold="true" box="[1232,1246,1864,1889]" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">–</emphasis>
|
||
116
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Number of cauliflower-shaped sensilla decrease posteriorly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A864F1E0DFF6870B7FCB2F842" blockId="9.[151,1436,1576,2033]" box="[199,870,1936,1961]" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">
|
||
Anal turret distinct and consists of two segments (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF864F1E0DFD5870B7FC8EF842" box="[759,858,1936,1961]" captionStart="FIGURES 93–101" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1900,1923]" captionTargetBox="[172,1432,193,1869]" captionTargetId="figure-62@21.[172,1436,193,1869]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 93–101. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 93. lateral scoli of first two pairs; 94. lateral scoli of abdomen; 95– 97. lateral branches of lateral scolus at base; 98. top of lateral scolus; 99. spiracle of abdomen; 100. spiracle of thorax; 101. anal turret." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270881/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">Fig. 101</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A864F1E0DFF687093FC03F81A" blockId="9.[151,1436,1576,2033]" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">
|
||
Nine pairs of distinctly elevated spiracles: one on thorax and eight on abdomen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF864F1E0DFBC67093FB2AF826" box="[1129,1278,1972,1997]" captionStart="FIGURES 93–101" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1900,1923]" captionTargetBox="[172,1432,193,1869]" captionTargetId="figure-62@21.[172,1436,193,1869]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 93–101. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 93. lateral scoli of first two pairs; 94. lateral scoli of abdomen; 95– 97. lateral branches of lateral scolus at base; 98. top of lateral scolus; 99. spiracle of abdomen; 100. spiracle of thorax; 101. anal turret." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270881/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="520">Figs 99, 100</figureCitation>
|
||
). Diameter of spiracles very slightly decreasing posterad, spiracles of thorax the biggest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="9FE1A5C2864C1E0EFF3870BAFC3DF839" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270860" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5270860" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270860/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="521" startId="10.[151,264,1949,1972]" targetBox="[182,1426,200,1909]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A864C1E0EFF3870BAFC3DF839" blockId="10.[151,1435,1949,2002]" pageId="10" pageNumber="521">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864C1E0EFF3870BAFE87F858" bold="true" box="[151,339,1949,1972]" pageId="10" pageNumber="521">FIGURES 34–37.</emphasis>
|
||
Fifth instar larvae.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864C1E0EFDB670B9FDEDF858" bold="true" box="[537,569,1950,1971]" pageId="10" pageNumber="521">34.</emphasis>
|
||
lateral scoli of first two pairs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9864C1E0EFC2D70B9FB93F85F" baseAuthorityName="Swietojanska" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[898,1095,1950,1972]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="521" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864C1E0EFC2D70B9FB93F85F" box="[898,1095,1950,1972]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="521">Cassida rubiginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864C1E0EFBFB70B9FBA0F858" bold="true" box="[1108,1140,1950,1971]" pageId="10" pageNumber="521">35.</emphasis>
|
||
lateral scoli of first two pairs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9864C1E0EFF1D709BFEA7F839" authorityName="Reiche" authorityYear="1858" box="[178,371,1980,2002]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="521" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaestina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864C1E0EFF1D709BFEA7F839" box="[178,371,1980,2002]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="521">Cassida palaestina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864C1E0EFE2E709AFE75F839" bold="true" box="[385,417,1981,2002]" pageId="10" pageNumber="521">36.</emphasis>
|
||
leg of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9864C1E0EFE48709BFD79F839" baseAuthorityName="Swietojanska" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[487,685,1980,2002]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="521" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864C1E0EFE48709BFD79F839" box="[487,685,1980,2002]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="521">Cassida rubiginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864C1E0EFD14709AFD0EF839" bold="true" box="[699,730,1981,2002]" pageId="10" pageNumber="521">37.</emphasis>
|
||
leg of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9864C1E0EFC8E709BFC37F839" authorityName="Reiche" authorityYear="1858" box="[801,995,1980,2002]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="521" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaestina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864C1E0EFC8E709BFC37F839" box="[801,995,1980,2002]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="521">Cassida palaestina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="9FE1A5C2864D1E0FFF387078FD09F839" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270862" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5270862" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270862/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="522" startId="11.[151,264,1887,1910]" targetBox="[170,1409,193,1858]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A864D1E0FFF387078FD09F839" blockId="11.[151,1436,1887,2002]" pageId="11" pageNumber="522">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864D1E0FFF387078FE81F89E" bold="true" box="[151,341,1887,1910]" pageId="11" pageNumber="522">FIGURES 38–44.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9864D1E0FFEF47047FDCAF89D" authorityName="Reiche" authorityYear="1858" box="[347,542,1888,1910]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="522" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaestina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864D1E0FFEF47047FDCAF89D" box="[347,542,1888,1910]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="522">Cassida palaestina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, fifth instar larva.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864D1E0FFD727047FD29F89E" bold="true" box="[733,765,1888,1909]" pageId="11" pageNumber="522">38.</emphasis>
|
||
frontal side of head;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864D1E0FFC767047FC2DF89E" bold="true" box="[985,1017,1888,1909]" pageId="11" pageNumber="522">39.</emphasis>
|
||
temporal side of head;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864D1E0FFB447047FADFF89E" bold="true" box="[1259,1291,1888,1909]" pageId="11" pageNumber="522">40.</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal side of labrum;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864D1E0FFF437058FED8F87F" bold="true" box="[236,268,1919,1940]" pageId="11" pageNumber="522">41.</emphasis>
|
||
ventral side of labrum;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864D1E0FFDAD7058FD9DF87F" bold="true" box="[514,585,1919,1940]" pageId="11" pageNumber="522">42, 43.</emphasis>
|
||
mandibles;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864D1E0FFD697058FD32F87F" bold="true" box="[710,742,1919,1940]" pageId="11" pageNumber="522">44.</emphasis>
|
||
maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864D1E0FFB627058FB22F87F" bold="true" box="[1229,1270,1919,1940]" pageId="11" pageNumber="522">hyp</emphasis>
|
||
—hypopharynx;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864D1E0FFF3870B9FF78F858" bold="true" box="[151,172,1950,1971]" pageId="11" pageNumber="522">lp</emphasis>
|
||
—labial palp;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864D1E0FFEE570B9FEA7F858" bold="true" box="[330,371,1950,1971]" pageId="11" pageNumber="522">mal</emphasis>
|
||
—mala;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864D1E0FFE7D70B9FE2BF858" bold="true" box="[466,511,1950,1971]" pageId="11" pageNumber="522">mpI</emphasis>
|
||
—first segment of maxillary palp;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864D1E0FFC2F70B9FC63F858" bold="true" box="[896,951,1950,1971]" pageId="11" pageNumber="522">mpII</emphasis>
|
||
—second segment of maxillary palp;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864D1E0FFAFA70B9FA56F858" bold="true" box="[1365,1410,1950,1971]" pageId="11" pageNumber="522">post</emphasis>
|
||
— postmentum;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864D1E0FFE8E709BFEE9F83A" bold="true" box="[289,317,1980,2001]" pageId="11" pageNumber="522">pp</emphasis>
|
||
—palpifer;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864D1E0FFE1C709BFE03F83A" bold="true" box="[435,471,1980,2001]" pageId="11" pageNumber="522">pre</emphasis>
|
||
—prementum;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864D1E0FFDDE709BFD57F83A" bold="true" box="[625,643,1980,2001]" pageId="11" pageNumber="522">st</emphasis>
|
||
—stipes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="9FE1A5C2864A1E08FF387027FE66F886" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270864" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5270864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270864/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="523" startId="12.[151,258,1792,1814]" targetBox="[160,1427,197,1762]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A864A1E08FF387027FE66F886" blockId="12.[151,1436,1791,1902]" pageId="12" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864A1E08FF387027FE9DF8FD" bold="true" box="[151,329,1792,1814]" pageId="12" pageNumber="523">FIGURES 45–51.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9864A1E08FEE07027FDDEF8FE" baseAuthorityName="Swietojanska" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[335,522,1792,1813]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864A1E08FEE07027FDDEF8FE" box="[335,522,1792,1813]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="523">Cassida rubiginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, fifth instar larva.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864A1E08FD137027FD0FF8FD" bold="true" box="[700,731,1792,1814]" pageId="12" pageNumber="523">45.</emphasis>
|
||
frontal side of head;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864A1E08FC087027FC11F8FD" bold="true" box="[935,965,1792,1814]" pageId="12" pageNumber="523">46.</emphasis>
|
||
temporal side of head;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864A1E08FB097027FB10F8FD" bold="true" box="[1190,1220,1792,1814]" pageId="12" pageNumber="523">47.</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal side of labrum;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864A1E08FF38703AFF61F8D8" bold="true" box="[151,181,1821,1843]" pageId="12" pageNumber="523">48.</emphasis>
|
||
ventral side of labrum;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864A1E08FE34703AFE0AF8D8" bold="true" box="[411,478,1821,1843]" pageId="12" pageNumber="523">49, 50.</emphasis>
|
||
mandibles;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864A1E08FDFD703AFDA5F8D8" bold="true" box="[594,625,1821,1843]" pageId="12" pageNumber="523">51.</emphasis>
|
||
maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864A1E08FB94703AFBB5F8D8" bold="true" box="[1083,1121,1821,1843]" pageId="12" pageNumber="523">hyp</emphasis>
|
||
—hypopharynx;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864A1E08FAAB703AFACCF8D8" bold="true" box="[1284,1304,1821,1843]" pageId="12" pageNumber="523">lp</emphasis>
|
||
—labial palp;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864A1E08FF38701DFF6AF8BB" bold="true" box="[151,190,1850,1872]" pageId="12" pageNumber="523">mal</emphasis>
|
||
—mala;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864A1E08FEBB701DFEEBF8BB" bold="true" box="[276,319,1850,1872]" pageId="12" pageNumber="523">mpI</emphasis>
|
||
—first segment of maxillary palp;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864A1E08FD30701DFD07F8BB" bold="true" box="[671,723,1850,1872]" pageId="12" pageNumber="523">mpII</emphasis>
|
||
—second segment of maxillary palp;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864A1E08FBE1701DFBADF8BB" bold="true" box="[1102,1145,1850,1872]" pageId="12" pageNumber="523">post</emphasis>
|
||
—postmentum;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864A1E08FAB7701DFAE7F8BB" bold="true" box="[1304,1331,1850,1872]" pageId="12" pageNumber="523">pp</emphasis>
|
||
—palpifer;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864A1E08FF38707FFF6DF885" bold="true" box="[151,185,1880,1902]" pageId="12" pageNumber="523">pre</emphasis>
|
||
—prementum;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864A1E08FEE4707FFE88F885" bold="true" box="[331,348,1880,1902]" pageId="12" pageNumber="523">st</emphasis>
|
||
—stipes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A864A1E08FF6870B3FAB3F81E" blockId="12.[151,1436,1940,2037]" pageId="12" pageNumber="523">
|
||
Head well sclerotised, hypognathous, retracted into pronotum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF864A1E08FC3F70B3FBC1F846" box="[912,1045,1940,1965]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–44" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1887,1910]" captionTargetBox="[170,1409,193,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-82@11.[162,1424,185,1860]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 38–44. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 38. frontal side of head; 39. temporal side of head; 40. dorsal side of labrum; 41. ventral side of labrum; 42, 43. mandibles; 44. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post— postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270862" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270862/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="523">Figs 38, 39</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF864A1E08FB8C70B3FB95F846" box="[1059,1089,1940,1965]" captionStart="FIGURES 52–55" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1801,1824]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,193,1780]" captionTargetId="figure-106@13.[188,1398,193,1780]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 52–55. Fifth instar larva. 52, 53. Cassida rubiginosa; 54, 55. Cassida palaestina. 52, 54. dorsal view; 53, 55. ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270867/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="523">55</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF864A1E08FBFF70B3FBBAF846" box="[1104,1134,1940,1965]" captionStart="FIGURES 81–86" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1586,1609]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,193,1565]" captionTargetId="figure-195@18.[188,1398,193,1565]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 81–86. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 81. head; 82. seta of head, in the background stemma; 83, 84. antenna; 85. mouthparts; 86. labrum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270877" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270877/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="523">81</figureCitation>
|
||
). Median suture complete, connected with fronto-clypeal suture. Clypeus distinct, wider than long, with one seta and one campaniform sensillum on each lateral side. Frontal and epicranial suture absent, fronto-clypeal and clypeo-labral suture well developed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="9FE1A5C2864B1E09FF38702EFEB2F8D5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270867" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5270867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270867/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="524" startId="13.[151,264,1801,1824]" targetBox="[188,1398,193,1780]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A864B1E09FF38702EFEB2F8D5" blockId="13.[151,1436,1801,1854]" pageId="13" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864B1E09FF38702EFE88F8F4" bold="true" box="[151,348,1801,1824]" pageId="13" pageNumber="524">FIGURES 52–55.</emphasis>
|
||
Fifth instar larva.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864B1E09FD94702DFD5DF8F4" bold="true" box="[571,649,1802,1823]" pageId="13" pageNumber="524">52, 53.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9864B1E09FD37702DFCB3F8CB" baseAuthorityName="Swietojanska" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[664,871,1802,1824]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864B1E09FD37702DFCB3F8CB" box="[664,871,1802,1824]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="524">Cassida rubiginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864B1E09FCD3702DFC1FF8F4" bold="true" box="[892,971,1802,1823]" pageId="13" pageNumber="524">54, 55.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9864B1E09FC75702DFB70F8CB" authorityName="Reiche" authorityYear="1858" box="[986,1188,1802,1824]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaestina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864B1E09FC75702DFB70F8CB" box="[986,1188,1802,1824]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="524">Cassida palaestina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864B1E09FB16702DFADCF8F4" bold="true" box="[1209,1288,1802,1823]" pageId="13" pageNumber="524">52, 54.</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864B1E09FF38700FFF09F8D5" bold="true" box="[151,221,1832,1854]" pageId="13" pageNumber="524">53, 55.</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A864B1E09FF68704CFE1DF843" blockId="13.[151,1436,1899,2032]" pageId="13" pageNumber="524">
|
||
Six stemmata on each side of head (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF864B1E09FDD5704CFCD2F86F" box="[634,774,1899,1924]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–44" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1887,1910]" captionTargetBox="[170,1409,193,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-82@11.[162,1424,185,1860]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 38–44. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 38. frontal side of head; 39. temporal side of head; 40. dorsal side of labrum; 41. ventral side of labrum; 42, 43. mandibles; 44. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post— postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270862" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270862/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="524">Figs 38, 39</figureCitation>
|
||
). One stemma distinctly smaller than remainder (like in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9864B1E09FF3870B7FEE4F843" baseAuthorityName="Swietojanska" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[151,304,1935,1960]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864B1E09FF3870B7FEE4F843" box="[151,304,1935,1960]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="524">C. rubiginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, see
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF864B1E09FEC570A8FE69F843" box="[362,445,1935,1960]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–62" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,266,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-107@14.[165,1438,265,1926]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 56–62. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 56. head; 57. setae of head; 58. stemmata, arrow pointed at the smallest stemma (stemma of sixth pair); 59. top of antenna; 60. palpifer and maxillary palp, mpI—first maxillary palp, mpII— second maxillary palp, pp -palpifer; 61. campaniform sensillum of second segment of maxillary palp; 62. labial palp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270869/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="524">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A864B1E0AFF687094FDB9FF3E" blockId="13.[151,1436,1899,2032]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="525" pageId="13" pageNumber="524">
|
||
Frontal side of head with four small vertical pointed setae (V 1
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958864B1E09FC3F7094FC4AF827" bold="true" box="[912,926,1971,1996]" pageId="13" pageNumber="524">–</emphasis>
|
||
4); five frontal rows of pointed setae: row Fa with three setae, Fb with four setae, Fc with three setae, Fd with single seta and Fe with two setae; one campaniform sensillum between seta Fb1 and Fc1 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86481E0AFD7A77B0FCF8FF5B" box="[725,812,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–44" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1887,1910]" captionTargetBox="[170,1409,193,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-82@11.[162,1424,185,1860]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 38–44. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 38. frontal side of head; 39. temporal side of head; 40. dorsal side of labrum; 41. ventral side of labrum; 42, 43. mandibles; 44. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post— postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270862" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270862/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="525">Figs 38</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86481E0AFC9977B0FC54FF5B" box="[822,896,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 81–86" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1586,1609]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,193,1565]" captionTargetId="figure-195@18.[188,1398,193,1565]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 81–86. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 81. head; 82. seta of head, in the background stemma; 83, 84. antenna; 85. mouthparts; 86. labrum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270877" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270877/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="525">81, 82</figureCitation>
|
||
). Temporal side of head with three setae (T 1
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886481E0AFAD977B0FA50FF5B" bold="true" box="[1398,1412,151,176]" pageId="14" pageNumber="525">–</emphasis>
|
||
3) and one campaniform sensillum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86481E0AFDA3779BFDB5FF3E" box="[524,609,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–44" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1887,1910]" captionTargetBox="[170,1409,193,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-82@11.[162,1424,185,1860]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 38–44. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 38. frontal side of head; 39. temporal side of head; 40. dorsal side of labrum; 41. ventral side of labrum; 42, 43. mandibles; 44. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post— postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270862" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270862/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="525">Fig. 39</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="9FE1A5C286481E0AFF387086FAEEF81E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270869" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5270869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270869/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="525" startId="14.[151,264,1953,1976]" targetBox="[165,1435,266,1926]" targetPageId="14">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86481E0AFF387086FAEEF81E" blockId="14.[151,1436,1953,2037]" pageId="14" pageNumber="525">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886481E0AFF387086FE83F85C" bold="true" box="[151,343,1953,1976]" pageId="14" pageNumber="525">FIGURES 56–62.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC986481E0AFECE7085FDFEF853" baseAuthorityName="Swietojanska" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[353,554,1954,1976]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="525" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886481E0AFECE7085FDFEF853" box="[353,554,1954,1976]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="525">Cassida rubiginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, fifth instar larva.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886481E0AFD587085FCC3F85C" bold="true" box="[759,791,1954,1975]" pageId="14" pageNumber="525">56.</emphasis>
|
||
head;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886481E0AFCCD7085FC56F85C" bold="true" box="[866,898,1954,1975]" pageId="14" pageNumber="525">57.</emphasis>
|
||
setae of head;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886481E0AFB867085FB9DF85C" bold="true" box="[1065,1097,1954,1975]" pageId="14" pageNumber="525">58.</emphasis>
|
||
stemmata, arrow pointed at the smallest stemma (stemma of sixth pair);
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886481E0AFD9E70E6FD85F83D" bold="true" box="[561,593,1985,2006]" pageId="14" pageNumber="525">59.</emphasis>
|
||
top of antenna;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886481E0AFD5B70E6FCC0F83D" bold="true" box="[756,788,1985,2006]" pageId="14" pageNumber="525">60.</emphasis>
|
||
palpifer and maxillary palp,
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886481E0AFB9770E6FBB1F83D" bold="true" box="[1080,1125,1985,2006]" pageId="14" pageNumber="525">mpI</emphasis>
|
||
—first maxillary palp,
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886481E0AFAE370E6FA57F83D" bold="true" box="[1356,1411,1985,2006]" pageId="14" pageNumber="525">mpII</emphasis>
|
||
— second maxillary palp,
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886481E0AFE2C70C7FE4BF81E" bold="true" box="[387,415,2016,2037]" pageId="14" pageNumber="525">pp</emphasis>
|
||
-palpifer;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886481E0AFDA570F8FDFEF81F" bold="true" box="[522,554,2015,2036]" pageId="14" pageNumber="525">61.</emphasis>
|
||
campaniform sensillum of second segment of maxillary palp;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886481E0AFB0C70F8FB17F81F" bold="true" box="[1187,1219,2015,2036]" pageId="14" pageNumber="525">62.</emphasis>
|
||
labial palp.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="9FE1A5C286491E0BFF38716CFE44F975" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270871" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5270871" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270871/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="526" startId="15.[151,264,1611,1634]" targetBox="[180,1390,193,1566]" targetPageId="15">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86491E0BFF38716CFE44F975" blockId="15.[151,1436,1611,1694]" pageId="15" pageNumber="526">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886491E0BFF38716CFE83F98B" bold="true" box="[151,343,1611,1634]" pageId="15" pageNumber="526">FIGURES 63–68.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC986491E0BFECF716CFDFDF98A" baseAuthorityName="Swietojanska" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[352,553,1611,1633]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="526" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886491E0BFECF716CFDFDF98A" box="[352,553,1611,1633]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="526">Cassida rubiginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, fifth instar larva.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886491E0BFD5C716CFCE8F98B" bold="true" box="[755,828,1611,1632]" pageId="15" pageNumber="526">63, 64.</emphasis>
|
||
cauliflower-shaped sensilla of pronotum;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886491E0BFB58716CFAC3F98B" bold="true" box="[1271,1303,1611,1632]" pageId="15" pageNumber="526">65.</emphasis>
|
||
cauliflowershaped sensilla of meso-and metanotum;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886491E0BFDEB714DFD59F994" bold="true" box="[580,653,1642,1663]" pageId="15" pageNumber="526">66, 67.</emphasis>
|
||
cauliflower-shaped sensilla of abdominal tergites;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886491E0BFB30714DFB6BF994" bold="true" box="[1183,1215,1642,1663]" pageId="15" pageNumber="526">68.</emphasis>
|
||
seta of mesosternum placed postero-medially.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86491E0BFF6871E1FE1FF8CC" blockId="15.[151,1436,1734,2011]" pageId="15" pageNumber="526">
|
||
Antennae 2- segmented, set in membranous ring (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86491E0BFCA871E1FC5AF934" box="[775,910,1734,1759]" captionStart="FIGURES 81–86" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1586,1609]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,193,1565]" captionTargetId="figure-195@18.[188,1398,193,1565]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 81–86. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 81. head; 82. seta of head, in the background stemma; 83, 84. antenna; 85. mouthparts; 86. labrum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270877" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270877/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="526">Figs 83, 84</figureCitation>
|
||
). First segment transverse, wider than second one. Second segment stout longer than wide, with a group of peg-like sensilla at the apex: one prominent (sensory appendix) and four smaller.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86491E0BFF687015FB09F830" blockId="15.[151,1436,1734,2011]" pageId="15" pageNumber="526">
|
||
Labrum wider than long, anterior margin emarginate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86491E0BFC807015FC67F8A0" box="[815,947,1842,1867]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–44" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1887,1910]" captionTargetBox="[170,1409,193,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-82@11.[162,1424,185,1860]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 38–44. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 38. frontal side of head; 39. temporal side of head; 40. dorsal side of labrum; 41. ventral side of labrum; 42, 43. mandibles; 44. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post— postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270862" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270862/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="526">Figs 40, 41</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86491E0BFC6E7015FBE3F8A0" box="[961,1079,1842,1867]" captionStart="FIGURES 81–86" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1586,1609]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,193,1565]" captionTargetId="figure-195@18.[188,1398,193,1565]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 81–86. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 81. head; 82. seta of head, in the background stemma; 83, 84. antenna; 85. mouthparts; 86. labrum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270877" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270877/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="526">81, 85, 86</figureCitation>
|
||
). Anterior margin with six fine and long setae medially and four stout setae on each side. Dorsally: four long setae placed in the middle in one row running across width, two setae close to anterior margin, and two pairs of campaniform sensilla medially. Mid part of ventral surface (epipharyngeal area) with two pairs of small setae, two pairs of campaniform sensilla and two irregular groups of a few small sensilla. Numerous small spines medially and on each lateral side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="9FE1A5C286561E14FF387169FB92F949" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270873" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5270873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270873/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="527" startId="16.[151,264,1614,1637]" targetBox="[174,1404,193,1589]" targetPageId="16">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86561E14FF387169FB92F949" blockId="16.[151,1436,1614,1698]" pageId="16" pageNumber="527">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886561E14FF387169FE80F98F" bold="true" box="[151,340,1614,1637]" pageId="16" pageNumber="527">FIGURES 69–74.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC986561E14FEF47168FDF5F98E" baseAuthorityName="Swietojanska" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[347,545,1615,1637]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886561E14FEF47168FDF5F98E" box="[347,545,1615,1637]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="527">Cassida rubiginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, fifth instar larva.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886561E14FD707168FD2BF98F" bold="true" box="[735,767,1615,1636]" pageId="16" pageNumber="527">69.</emphasis>
|
||
meso- and metasternum;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886561E14FBA97168FBF2F98F" bold="true" box="[1030,1062,1615,1636]" pageId="16" pageNumber="527">70.</emphasis>
|
||
setae of metasternum placed anteromedially;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886561E14FEAE7149FEF5F968" bold="true" box="[257,289,1646,1667]" pageId="16" pageNumber="527">71.</emphasis>
|
||
setae of first three abdominal sternites placed medially;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886561E14FC277149FC7CF968" bold="true" box="[904,936,1646,1667]" pageId="16" pageNumber="527">72.</emphasis>
|
||
setae of abdominal sternite I placed medially;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886561E14FF3871AAFF63F949" bold="true" box="[151,183,1677,1698]" pageId="16" pageNumber="527">73.</emphasis>
|
||
abdominal sternites VI
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886561E14FE0C71AAFE64F949" bold="true" box="[419,432,1677,1698]" pageId="16" pageNumber="527">–</emphasis>
|
||
VIII;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886561E14FE4671AAFDDDF949" bold="true" box="[489,521,1677,1698]" pageId="16" pageNumber="527">74.</emphasis>
|
||
cauliflower-shaped sensillum of abdominal sternite VII.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86561E14FF6871E8FBECF8E7" blockId="16.[151,1436,1743,2020]" pageId="16" pageNumber="527">
|
||
Mandibles heavily sclerotized, palmate, with five apical teeth in one row and one tooth slightly moved backwards. Two setae and two campaniform sensilla at base dorsally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86561E14FC0771D4FBFFF8E7" box="[936,1067,1779,1804]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–44" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1887,1910]" captionTargetBox="[170,1409,193,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-82@11.[162,1424,185,1860]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 38–44. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 38. frontal side of head; 39. temporal side of head; 40. dorsal side of labrum; 41. ventral side of labrum; 42, 43. mandibles; 44. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post— postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270862" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270862/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="527">Figs 42, 43</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86561E15FF687030FD56FEF0" blockId="16.[151,1436,1743,2020]" lastBlockId="17.[151,1436,151,645]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="528" pageId="16" pageNumber="527">
|
||
Maxillae and labium connate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86561E14FDB17030FDA2F8DB" box="[542,630,1815,1840]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–44" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1887,1910]" captionTargetBox="[170,1409,193,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-82@11.[162,1424,185,1860]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 38–44. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 38. frontal side of head; 39. temporal side of head; 40. dorsal side of labrum; 41. ventral side of labrum; 42, 43. mandibles; 44. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post— postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270862" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270862/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="527">Figs 44</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86561E14FD2D7030FD74F8DB" box="[642,672,1815,1840]" captionStart="FIGURES 81–86" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1586,1609]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,193,1565]" captionTargetId="figure-195@18.[188,1398,193,1565]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 81–86. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 81. head; 82. seta of head, in the background stemma; 83, 84. antenna; 85. mouthparts; 86. labrum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270877" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270877/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="527">85</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86561E14FD027030FD23F8DB" box="[685,759,1815,1840]" captionStart="FIGURES 87–92" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1672,1695]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,193,1638]" captionTargetId="figure-179@20.[168,1442,193,1638]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 87–92. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 87, 88. maxilla and labial palp; 89. spines at dorsal part of palpifer; 90. labial palp; 91. mala; 92. top of mala arrow pointed at small seta (or peg-like sensillum)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270879" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270879/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="527">
|
||
87
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886561E14FD667030FD03F8DB" bold="true" box="[713,727,1815,1840]" pageId="16" pageNumber="527">–</emphasis>
|
||
92
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Each stipes (st) with two long setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86561E14FB047030FAD7F8DB" box="[1195,1283,1815,1840]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–44" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1887,1910]" captionTargetBox="[170,1409,193,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-82@11.[162,1424,185,1860]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 38–44. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 38. frontal side of head; 39. temporal side of head; 40. dorsal side of labrum; 41. ventral side of labrum; 42, 43. mandibles; 44. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post— postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270862" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270862/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="527">Figs 44</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86561E14FAA07030FAFAF8DB" box="[1295,1326,1815,1840]" captionStart="FIGURES 87–92" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1672,1695]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,193,1638]" captionTargetId="figure-179@20.[168,1442,193,1638]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 87–92. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 87, 88. maxilla and labial palp; 89. spines at dorsal part of palpifer; 90. labial palp; 91. mala; 92. top of mala arrow pointed at small seta (or peg-like sensillum)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270879" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270879/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="527">88</figureCitation>
|
||
). Palpifer (pp) with two setae and three campaniform sensilla ventrally and with numerous spines dorsally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86561E14FB4D701CFAEEF8BF" box="[1250,1338,1851,1876]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–44" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1887,1910]" captionTargetBox="[170,1409,193,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-82@11.[162,1424,185,1860]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 38–44. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 38. frontal side of head; 39. temporal side of head; 40. dorsal side of labrum; 41. ventral side of labrum; 42, 43. mandibles; 44. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post— postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270862" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270862/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="527">Figs 44</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86561E14FAE9701CFA5BF8BF" box="[1350,1423,1851,1876]" captionStart="FIGURES 87–92" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1672,1695]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,193,1638]" captionTargetId="figure-179@20.[168,1442,193,1638]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 87–92. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 87, 88. maxilla and labial palp; 89. spines at dorsal part of palpifer; 90. labial palp; 91. mala; 92. top of mala arrow pointed at small seta (or peg-like sensillum)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270879" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270879/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="527">
|
||
87
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886561E14FACD701CFAA4F8BF" bold="true" box="[1378,1392,1851,1876]" pageId="16" pageNumber="527">–</emphasis>
|
||
89
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mala (mal) not distinctly bordered from palpifer (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86561E14FD7B7078FCFAF893" box="[724,814,1887,1912]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–44" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1887,1910]" captionTargetBox="[170,1409,193,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-82@11.[162,1424,185,1860]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 38–44. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 38. frontal side of head; 39. temporal side of head; 40. dorsal side of labrum; 41. ventral side of labrum; 42, 43. mandibles; 44. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post— postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270862" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270862/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="527">Figs 44</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86561E14FC937078FC52F893" box="[828,902,1887,1912]" captionStart="FIGURES 87–92" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1672,1695]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,193,1638]" captionTargetId="figure-179@20.[168,1442,193,1638]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 87–92. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 87, 88. maxilla and labial palp; 89. spines at dorsal part of palpifer; 90. labial palp; 91. mala; 92. top of mala arrow pointed at small seta (or peg-like sensillum)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270879" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270879/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="527">87, 91</figureCitation>
|
||
), bears: six long pointed setae, one long blunt seta, one short blunt seta (or peg like sensillum?
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86561E14FD4E70A4FCEDF877" box="[737,825,1923,1948]" captionStart="FIGURES 87–92" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1672,1695]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,193,1638]" captionTargetId="figure-179@20.[168,1442,193,1638]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 87–92. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 87, 88. maxilla and labial palp; 89. spines at dorsal part of palpifer; 90. labial palp; 91. mala; 92. top of mala arrow pointed at small seta (or peg-like sensillum)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270879" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270879/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="527">Fig. 92</figureCitation>
|
||
). Maxillary palp two-segmented (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86561E14FB6A70A4FAF4F877" box="[1221,1312,1923,1948]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–44" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1887,1910]" captionTargetBox="[170,1409,193,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-82@11.[162,1424,185,1860]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 38–44. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 38. frontal side of head; 39. temporal side of head; 40. dorsal side of labrum; 41. ventral side of labrum; 42, 43. mandibles; 44. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post— postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270862" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270862/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="527">Figs 44</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86561E14FA9E70A4FA84F877" box="[1329,1360,1923,1948]" captionStart="FIGURES 87–92" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1672,1695]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,193,1638]" captionTargetId="figure-179@20.[168,1442,193,1638]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 87–92. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 87, 88. maxilla and labial palp; 89. spines at dorsal part of palpifer; 90. labial palp; 91. mala; 92. top of mala arrow pointed at small seta (or peg-like sensillum)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270879" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270879/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="527">88</figureCitation>
|
||
). First segment with two pointed setae and one campaniform sensillum. Second segment with one pointed seta, one blunt seta (digitiform sensillum—ds), and one campaniform sensillum on sides, and a group of small peg-like sensilla at the apex. Labial palp (lp) one-segmented with a group of small peg-like sensilla at the apex and one campaniform sensillum below the apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86571E15FE6F779BFDC2FF3E" box="[448,534,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–44" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1887,1910]" captionTargetBox="[170,1409,193,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-82@11.[162,1424,185,1860]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 38–44. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 38. frontal side of head; 39. temporal side of head; 40. dorsal side of labrum; 41. ventral side of labrum; 42, 43. mandibles; 44. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post— postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270862" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270862/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="528">Figs 44</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86571E15FD8D779BFD96FF3E" box="[546,578,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 87–92" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1672,1695]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,193,1638]" captionTargetId="figure-179@20.[168,1442,193,1638]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 87–92. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 87, 88. maxilla and labial palp; 89. spines at dorsal part of palpifer; 90. labial palp; 91. mala; 92. top of mala arrow pointed at small seta (or peg-like sensillum)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270879" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270879/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="528">90</figureCitation>
|
||
). Hypopharynx (hyp) covered with numerous spines, with four campaniform sensilla at base (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86571E15FEE277F8FE75FF13" box="[333,417,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–44" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1887,1910]" captionTargetBox="[170,1409,193,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-82@11.[162,1424,185,1860]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 38–44. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 38. frontal side of head; 39. temporal side of head; 40. dorsal side of labrum; 41. ventral side of labrum; 42, 43. mandibles; 44. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post— postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270862" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270862/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="528">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
|
||
). Prementum (pre) with two long setae, two very short setae and four campaniform sensilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86571E15FF307623FF20FEF6" box="[159,244,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–44" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1887,1910]" captionTargetBox="[170,1409,193,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-82@11.[162,1424,185,1860]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 38–44. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 38. frontal side of head; 39. temporal side of head; 40. dorsal side of labrum; 41. ventral side of labrum; 42, 43. mandibles; 44. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post— postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270862" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270862/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="528">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
|
||
). Postmentum (post) with six setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86571E15FF68760FFDC8FD6E" blockId="17.[151,1436,151,645]" pageId="17" pageNumber="528">
|
||
Legs stout, consist of three segments: coxa, femur and tibiotarsus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86571E15FC677600FBC9FEAB" box="[968,1053,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 34–37" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1949,1972]" captionTargetBox="[182,1426,200,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-61@10.[172,1435,193,1916]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 34–37. Fifth instar larvae. 34. lateral scoli of first two pairs of Cassida rubiginosa; 35. lateral scoli of first two pairs of Cassida palaestina; 36. leg of Cassida rubiginosa; 37. leg of Cassida palaestina." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270860" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270860/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="528">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
|
||
). Internal side of coxa with setae arranged in three groups: first group with two short setae (placed close to border between coxa and body); second with three short setae; third with two short setae at anterior border of coxa and two to four long setae or setae and elongate cauliflower-shaped sensilla. Externally coxa with two setae. One seta dorso-externally. Femur with 13 (rarely 14 or 15) long pointed setae and one short pointed seta placed dorsally close to the base. Moreover femur with a group of five campaniform sensilla and one short pointed seta basally on internal side; one campaniform sensillum at base ventrally; and two campaniform sensilla at base externally. Tibiotarsus apically with heavily sclerotised, curved, single and simple claw armed basally with a pointed seta. Claw and pointed seta surrounded by a complex of six long pointed setae. Tibiotarsus also with four to six long setae dorsally and two campaniform sensilla and small seta above claw.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="9FE1A5C286571E15FF387099FC3EF81F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270875" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5270875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270875/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="528" startId="17.[151,264,1982,2005]" targetBox="[188,1398,697,1962]" targetPageId="17">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86571E15FF387099FC3EF81F" blockId="17.[151,1436,1982,2036]" pageId="17" pageNumber="528">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886571E15FF387099FE81F83F" bold="true" box="[151,341,1982,2005]" pageId="17" pageNumber="528">FIGURES 75–80.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC986571E15FEF37098FDF7F83E" baseAuthorityName="Swietojanska" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[348,547,1983,2005]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886571E15FEF37098FDF7F83E" box="[348,547,1983,2005]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="528">Cassida rubiginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, fifth instar larva.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886571E15FD4B7098FCD0F83F" bold="true" box="[740,772,1983,2004]" pageId="17" pageNumber="528">75.</emphasis>
|
||
lateral scoli of abdomen;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886571E15FBBF7098FBE4F83F" bold="true" box="[1040,1072,1983,2004]" pageId="17" pageNumber="528">76.</emphasis>
|
||
lateral branches of lateral scolus at base;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886571E15FF7E70F9FEC3F818" bold="true" box="[209,279,2014,2035]" pageId="17" pageNumber="528">77, 78.</emphasis>
|
||
top of lateral scolus;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886571E15FE5E70F9FDC5F818" bold="true" box="[497,529,2014,2035]" pageId="17" pageNumber="528">79.</emphasis>
|
||
spiracle of abdominal tergite I;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886571E15FCFA70F9FCA1F818" bold="true" box="[853,885,2014,2035]" pageId="17" pageNumber="528">80.</emphasis>
|
||
anal turret.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="9FE1A5C286541E16FF387115FE65F98C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270877" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5270877" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270877/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="529" startId="18.[151,264,1586,1609]" targetBox="[188,1398,193,1565]" targetPageId="18">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86541E16FF387115FE65F98C" blockId="18.[151,1436,1586,1639]" pageId="18" pageNumber="529">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886541E16FF387115FE80F9A3" bold="true" box="[151,340,1586,1609]" pageId="18" pageNumber="529">FIGURES 81–86.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC986541E16FEF67114FDCFF9A2" authorityName="Reiche" authorityYear="1858" box="[345,539,1587,1609]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="529" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaestina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886541E16FEF67114FDCFF9A2" box="[345,539,1587,1609]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="529">Cassida palaestina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, fifth instar larva.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886541E16FD7A7114FD21F9A3" bold="true" box="[725,757,1587,1608]" pageId="18" pageNumber="529">81.</emphasis>
|
||
head;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886541E16FC977114FC8CF9A3" bold="true" box="[824,856,1587,1608]" pageId="18" pageNumber="529">82.</emphasis>
|
||
seta of head, in the background stemma;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886541E16FB547114FA94F9A3" bold="true" box="[1275,1344,1587,1608]" pageId="18" pageNumber="529">83, 84.</emphasis>
|
||
antenna;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886541E16FF387176FF63F98D" bold="true" box="[151,183,1617,1638]" pageId="18" pageNumber="529">85.</emphasis>
|
||
mouthparts;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886541E16FE937176FE88F98D" bold="true" box="[316,348,1617,1638]" pageId="18" pageNumber="529">86.</emphasis>
|
||
labrum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86541E16FF6871A9FDAEF8F9" blockId="18.[151,1436,1678,2027]" pageId="18" pageNumber="529">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886541E16FF6871A9FC47F94C" bold="true" box="[199,915,1678,1703]" pageId="18" pageNumber="529">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC986541E16FF6871A9FD92F94C" authority="Muller, 1776" authorityName="Muller" authorityYear="1776" box="[199,582,1678,1703]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="529" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886541E16FF6871A9FE72F94C" bold="true" box="[199,422,1678,1703]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="529">Cassida rubiginosa</emphasis>
|
||
Müller, 1776
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, fifth instar (mature larva).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements (n = 6 [mm],
|
||
<tableCitation id="861CC0F186541E16FB4E71A9FAE3F94C" box="[1249,1335,1678,1703]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="19.[151,241,256,279]" captionText="TABLE 2. Measurements of first and fifth instar larva of Cassida rubiginosa." pageId="18" pageNumber="529">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
). Length was measured without head, from anterior border of pronotum to base of supra-anal processes; width of body was measured across metathorax, without lateral scoli; length of supra-anal processes were measured from base on IX abdominal segment to the top of processes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86541E16FF687039FE27F894" blockId="18.[151,1436,1678,2027]" pageId="18" pageNumber="529">
|
||
Body elongate-oval, widest across meso- and metathorax, narrowed posteriorly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86541E16FBE57039FB18F8DC" box="[1098,1228,1822,1847]" captionStart="FIGURES 52–55" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1801,1824]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,193,1780]" captionTargetId="figure-106@13.[188,1398,193,1780]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 52–55. Fifth instar larva. 52, 53. Cassida rubiginosa; 54, 55. Cassida palaestina. 52, 54. dorsal view; 53, 55. ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270867/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="529">Figs 52, 53</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body of alcoholpreserved larvae light brown with two brown patches on pronotum, brown base of supra-anal processes, brown spiracles and dark brown head.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86541E17FF6870ADFF30FF3E" blockId="18.[151,1436,1678,2027]" lastBlockId="19.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="530" pageId="18" pageNumber="529">
|
||
Body with 16 pairs of lateral scoli and a single pair of supra-anal processes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86541E16FBB270ADFB4AF848" box="[1053,1182,1930,1955]" captionStart="FIGURES 52–55" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1801,1824]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,193,1780]" captionTargetId="figure-106@13.[188,1398,193,1780]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 52–55. Fifth instar larva. 52, 53. Cassida rubiginosa; 54, 55. Cassida palaestina. 52, 54. dorsal view; 53, 55. ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270867/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="529">Figs 52, 53</figureCitation>
|
||
). Lateral scoli more or less of the same length. All scoli with numerous lateral branches (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86541E16FC3A7089FC3BF82C" box="[917,1007,1966,1991]" captionStart="FIGURES 34–37" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1949,1972]" captionTargetBox="[182,1426,200,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-61@10.[172,1435,193,1916]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 34–37. Fifth instar larvae. 34. lateral scoli of first two pairs of Cassida rubiginosa; 35. lateral scoli of first two pairs of Cassida palaestina; 36. leg of Cassida rubiginosa; 37. leg of Cassida palaestina." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270860" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270860/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="529">Figs 34</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86541E16FC527089FB92F82C" box="[1021,1094,1966,1991]" captionStart="FIGURES 75–80" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1982,2005]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,697,1962]" captionTargetId="figure-283@17.[188,1398,697,1962]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 75–80. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 75. lateral scoli of abdomen; 76. lateral branches of lateral scolus at base; 77, 78. top of lateral scolus; 79. spiracle of abdominal tergite I; 80. anal turret." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270875/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="529">
|
||
75
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886541E16FBB77089FBF2F82C" bold="true" box="[1048,1062,1966,1991]" pageId="18" pageNumber="529">–</emphasis>
|
||
78
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Lateral scoli apically armed with pointed seta whereas lateral branches armed with elongate cauliflower-shape sensillum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86541E16FB0170F5FAE4F800" box="[1198,1328,2002,2027]" captionStart="FIGURES 75–80" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1982,2005]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,697,1962]" captionTargetId="figure-283@17.[188,1398,697,1962]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 75–80. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 75. lateral scoli of abdomen; 76. lateral branches of lateral scolus at base; 77, 78. top of lateral scolus; 79. spiracle of abdominal tergite I; 80. anal turret." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270875/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="529">
|
||
Figs 76
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886541E16FAAD70F5FAC4F800" bold="true" box="[1282,1296,2002,2027]" pageId="18" pageNumber="529">–</emphasis>
|
||
79
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Scoli of first two pairs placed very close to each other (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86551E17FD0877B0FD2AFF5B" box="[679,766,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 34–37" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1949,1972]" captionTargetBox="[182,1426,200,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-61@10.[172,1435,193,1916]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 34–37. Fifth instar larvae. 34. lateral scoli of first two pairs of Cassida rubiginosa; 35. lateral scoli of first two pairs of Cassida palaestina; 36. leg of Cassida rubiginosa; 37. leg of Cassida palaestina." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270860" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270860/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">Figs 34</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86551E17FCA477B0FC81FF5B" box="[779,853,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 52–55" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1801,1824]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,193,1780]" captionTargetId="figure-106@13.[188,1398,193,1780]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 52–55. Fifth instar larva. 52, 53. Cassida rubiginosa; 54, 55. Cassida palaestina. 52, 54. dorsal view; 53, 55. ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270867/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">52, 53</figureCitation>
|
||
). Supra-anal processes short, as long as 3/5 of body length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="9FE1A5C286551E17FF387627FC00FEFC" box="[151,980,255,279]" pageId="19" pageNumber="530" startId="19.[151,241,256,279]">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86551E17FF387627FC00FEFC" blockId="19.[151,980,255,279]" box="[151,980,255,279]" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886551E17FF387627FED8FEFC" bold="true" box="[151,268,256,279]" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements of first and fifth instar larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC986551E17FD5277D8FC19FEFC" authorityName="Muller" authorityYear="1776" box="[765,973,255,279]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886551E17FD5277D8FC19FEFC" box="[765,973,255,279]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">Cassida rubiginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86551E17FE777615FB0EFC8C" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<table id="B99E07EA8655E1FBFF307615FAACFC8C" box="[159,1400,306,871]" colsContinueFrom="2.[159,1402,526,876]" gridcols="5" gridrows="18" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<tr id="75AEF7088655E1FBFF307615FAACFEA3" box="[159,1400,306,328]" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="530" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="367F9E748655E1FBFE777615FD7EFEA3" box="[472,682,306,328]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">length of body [mm]</th>
|
||
<th id="367F9E748655E1FBFD657615FC42FEA3" box="[714,918,306,328]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">width of body [mm]</th>
|
||
<th id="367F9E748655E1FBFC137615FB52FEA3" box="[956,1158,306,328]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">length of supra-anal</th>
|
||
<th id="367F9E748655E1FBFB017615FAACFEA3" box="[1198,1400,306,328]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">width of head [mm]</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="75AEF7088655E1FBFF307676FAACFE8C" box="[159,1400,337,359]" gridrow="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="530" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFC137676FB52FE8C" box="[956,1158,337,359]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">processes [mm]</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="75AEF7088655E1FBFF30765DFAACFE7B" box="[159,1400,378,400]" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<th id="367F9E748655E1FBFF30765DFAACFE7B" box="[159,1400,378,400]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">first instar larva</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="75AEF7088655E1FBFF3076BEFAACFE44" box="[159,1400,409,431]" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<th id="367F9E748655E1FBFF3076BEFF66FE44" box="[159,178,409,431]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">1.</th>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFE7776BEFD7EFE44" box="[472,682,409,431]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">1.00</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFD6576BEFC42FE44" box="[714,918,409,431]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">0.85</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFC1376BEFB52FE44" box="[956,1158,409,431]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">1.20</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFB0176BEFAACFE44" box="[1198,1400,409,431]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">0.41</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="75AEF7088655E1FBFF30769FFAACFE25" box="[159,1400,440,462]" gridrow="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<th id="367F9E748655E1FBFF30769FFF66FE25" box="[159,178,440,462]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">2.</th>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFE77769FFD7EFE25" box="[472,682,440,462]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">1.25</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFD65769FFC42FE25" box="[714,918,440,462]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">0.70</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFC13769FFB52FE25" box="[956,1158,440,462]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">1.25</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFB01769FFAACFE25" box="[1198,1400,440,462]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">0.40</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="75AEF7088655E1FBFF3076F1FAACFE07" box="[159,1400,470,492]" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<th id="367F9E748655E1FBFF3076F1FF66FE07" box="[159,178,470,492]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">3.</th>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFE7776F1FD7EFE07" box="[472,682,470,492]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">0.87</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFD6576F1FC42FE07" box="[714,918,470,492]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">0.55</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFC1376F1FB52FE07" box="[956,1158,470,492]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">1.25</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFB0176F1FAACFE07" box="[1198,1400,470,492]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">0.40</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="75AEF7088655E1FBFF3076D2FAACFDE0" box="[159,1400,501,523]" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<th id="367F9E748655E1FBFF3076D2FF66FDE0" box="[159,178,501,523]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">4.</th>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFE7776D2FD7EFDE0" box="[472,682,501,523]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">0.87</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFD6576D2FC42FDE0" box="[714,918,501,523]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">0.55</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFC1376D2FB52FDE0" box="[956,1158,501,523]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">1.25</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFB0176D2FAACFDE0" box="[1198,1400,501,523]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">0.38</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="75AEF7088655E1FBFF307533FAACFDC1" box="[159,1400,532,554]" gridrow="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<th id="367F9E748655E1FBFF307533FF66FDC1" box="[159,178,532,554]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">5.</th>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFE777533FD7EFDC1" box="[472,682,532,554]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">1.45</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFD657533FC42FDC1" box="[714,918,532,554]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">0.85</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFC137533FB52FDC1" box="[956,1158,532,554]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">1.25</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFB017533FAACFDC1" box="[1198,1400,532,554]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">0.40</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="75AEF7088655E1FBFF307515FAACFDA3" box="[159,1400,562,584]" gridrow="8" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<th id="367F9E748655E1FBFF307515FF66FDA3" box="[159,178,562,584]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">6.</th>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFE777515FD7EFDA3" box="[472,682,562,584]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">1.45</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFD657515FC42FDA3" box="[714,918,562,584]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">0.82</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFC137515FB52FDA3" box="[956,1158,562,584]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">1.35</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFB017515FAACFDA3" box="[1198,1400,562,584]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">0.43</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="75AEF7088655E1FBFF307576FAACFD8C" box="[159,1400,593,615]" gridrow="9" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<th id="367F9E748655E1FBFF307576FF66FD8C" box="[159,178,593,615]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">7.</th>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFE777576FD7EFD8C" box="[472,682,593,615]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">1.02</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFD657576FC42FD8C" box="[714,918,593,615]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">0.57</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFC137576FB52FD8C" box="[956,1158,593,615]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">1.37</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFB017576FAACFD8C" box="[1198,1400,593,615]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">0.40</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="75AEF7088655E1FBFF307557FAACFD6D" box="[159,1400,624,646]" gridrow="10" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<th id="367F9E748655E1FBFF307557FF66FD6D" box="[159,178,624,646]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">8.</th>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFE777557FD7EFD6D" box="[472,682,624,646]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">1.07</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFD657557FC42FD6D" box="[714,918,624,646]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">0.62</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFC137557FB52FD6D" box="[956,1158,624,646]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">1.30</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFB017557FAACFD6D" box="[1198,1400,624,646]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">0.38</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="75AEF7088655E1FBFF3075BEFAACFD44" box="[159,1400,665,687]" gridrow="11" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<th id="367F9E748655E1FBFF3075BEFAACFD44" box="[159,1400,665,687]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">fifth instar larva</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="75AEF7088655E1FBFF30759FFAACFD25" box="[159,1400,696,718]" gridrow="12" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<th id="367F9E748655E1FBFF30759FFF66FD25" box="[159,178,696,718]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">1.</th>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFE77759FFD7EFD25" box="[472,682,696,718]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">6.30</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFD65759FFC42FD25" box="[714,918,696,718]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">2.90</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFC13759FFB52FD25" box="[956,1158,696,718]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">2.50</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFB01759FFAACFD25" box="[1198,1400,696,718]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">1.07</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="75AEF7088655E1FBFF3075F1FAACFD07" box="[159,1400,726,748]" gridrow="13" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<th id="367F9E748655E1FBFF3075F1FF66FD07" box="[159,178,726,748]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">2.</th>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFE7775F1FD7EFD07" box="[472,682,726,748]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">6.00</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFD6575F1FC42FD07" box="[714,918,726,748]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">2.90</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFC1375F1FB52FD07" box="[956,1158,726,748]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">2.50</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFB0175F1FAACFD07" box="[1198,1400,726,748]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">1.00</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="75AEF7088655E1FBFF3075D2FAACFCE0" box="[159,1400,757,779]" gridrow="14" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<th id="367F9E748655E1FBFF3075D2FF66FCE0" box="[159,178,757,779]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">3.</th>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFE7775D2FD7EFCE0" box="[472,682,757,779]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">5.50</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFD6575D2FC42FCE0" box="[714,918,757,779]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">2.50</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFC1375D2FB52FCE0" box="[956,1158,757,779]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">2.50</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFB0175D2FAACFCE0" box="[1198,1400,757,779]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">0.97</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="75AEF7088655E1FBFF307433FAACFCC1" box="[159,1400,788,810]" gridrow="15" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<th id="367F9E748655E1FBFF307433FF66FCC1" box="[159,178,788,810]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">4.</th>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFE777433FD7EFCC1" box="[472,682,788,810]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">5.50</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFD657433FC42FCC1" box="[714,918,788,810]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">2.40</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFC137433FB52FCC1" box="[956,1158,788,810]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">2.50</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFB017433FAACFCC1" box="[1198,1400,788,810]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">1.07</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="75AEF7088655E1FBFF307415FAACFCA3" box="[159,1400,818,840]" gridrow="16" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<th id="367F9E748655E1FBFF307415FF66FCA3" box="[159,178,818,840]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">5.</th>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFE777415FD7EFCA3" box="[472,682,818,840]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">5.20</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFD657415FC42FCA3" box="[714,918,818,840]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">2.40</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFC137415FB52FCA3" box="[956,1158,818,840]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">2.50</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFB017415FAACFCA3" box="[1198,1400,818,840]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">0.95</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="75AEF7088655E1FBFF307476FAACFC8C" box="[159,1400,849,871]" gridrow="17" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">
|
||
<th id="367F9E748655E1FBFF307476FF66FC8C" box="[159,178,849,871]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">6.</th>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFE777476FD7EFC8C" box="[472,682,849,871]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">6.10</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFD657476FC42FC8C" box="[714,918,849,871]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">2.80</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFC137476FB52FC8C" box="[956,1158,849,871]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">2.60</td>
|
||
<td id="367F9E748655E1FBFB017476FAACFC8C" box="[1198,1400,849,871]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">1.07</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86551E17FF68748BFBFFFBDB" blockId="19.[151,1436,940,1973]" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">
|
||
Granulation of body more distinct on thoracic sternites. Minute setae at anterior border of each tergites and sternites. Tergites covered with cauliflower-shaped sensilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86551E17FCE774E8FC19FC03" box="[840,973,975,1000]" captionStart="FIGURES 63–68" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1611,1634]" captionTargetBox="[180,1390,193,1566]" captionTargetId="figure-180@15.[180,1390,193,1566]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 63–68. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 63, 64. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of pronotum; 65. cauliflowershaped sensilla of meso-and metanotum; 66, 67. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of abdominal tergites; 68. seta of mesosternum placed postero-medially." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270871" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270871/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">
|
||
Figs 63
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886551E17FC3074E8FC79FC03" bold="true" box="[927,941,975,1000]" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">–</emphasis>
|
||
67
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pro-, meso- and metasternum and first three abdominal sternites with pointed setae medially and cauliflower-shaped sensilla laterally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86551E17FAA874D3FA5BFBE6" box="[1287,1423,1012,1037]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 63–68" captionStart-1="FIGURES 69–74" captionStartId-0="15.[151,264,1611,1634]" captionStartId-1="16.[151,264,1614,1637]" captionTargetBox-0="[180,1390,193,1566]" captionTargetBox-1="[174,1404,193,1589]" captionTargetId-0="figure-180@15.[180,1390,193,1566]" captionTargetId-1="figure-208@16.[174,1404,193,1589]" captionTargetPageId-0="15" captionTargetPageId-1="16" captionText-0="FIGURES 63–68. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 63, 64. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of pronotum; 65. cauliflowershaped sensilla of meso-and metanotum; 66, 67. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of abdominal tergites; 68. seta of mesosternum placed postero-medially." captionText-1="FIGURES 69–74. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 69. meso- and metasternum; 70. setae of metasternum placed anteromedially; 71. setae of first three abdominal sternites placed medially; 72. setae of abdominal sternite I placed medially; 73. abdominal sternites VI–VIII; 74. cauliflower-shaped sensillum of abdominal sternite VII." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270871" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270873" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5270871/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5270873/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">
|
||
Figs 68
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886551E17FACD74D3FAA4FBE6" bold="true" box="[1378,1392,1012,1037]" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">–</emphasis>
|
||
72
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). The remaining abdominal sternites with cauliflower-shaped sensilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86551E17FC337330FBCBFBDB" box="[924,1055,1047,1072]" captionStart="FIGURES 69–74" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1614,1637]" captionTargetBox="[174,1404,193,1589]" captionTargetId="figure-208@16.[174,1404,193,1589]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 69–74. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 69. meso- and metasternum; 70. setae of metasternum placed anteromedially; 71. setae of first three abdominal sternites placed medially; 72. setae of abdominal sternite I placed medially; 73. abdominal sternites VI–VIII; 74. cauliflower-shaped sensillum of abdominal sternite VII." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270873/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">Figs 73, 74</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86551E17FF68731BFCA1FB76" blockId="19.[151,1436,940,1973]" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">
|
||
Pronotum with numerous cauliflower-shaped sensilla distributed regularly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86551E17FB87731BFB64FBBE" box="[1064,1200,1084,1109]" captionStart="FIGURES 63–68" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1611,1634]" captionTargetBox="[180,1390,193,1566]" captionTargetId="figure-180@15.[180,1390,193,1566]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 63–68. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 63, 64. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of pronotum; 65. cauliflowershaped sensilla of meso-and metanotum; 66, 67. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of abdominal tergites; 68. seta of mesosternum placed postero-medially." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270871" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270871/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">Figs 63, 64</figureCitation>
|
||
). Meso-, metanotum and abdominal tergites with two minute setae at anterior border medially and two irregular row of numerous cauliflower-shaped sensilla running across segment (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86551E17FD4973A3FCBDFB76" box="[742,873,1156,1181]" captionStart="FIGURES 63–68" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1611,1634]" captionTargetBox="[180,1390,193,1566]" captionTargetId="figure-180@15.[180,1390,193,1566]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 63–68. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 63, 64. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of pronotum; 65. cauliflowershaped sensilla of meso-and metanotum; 66, 67. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of abdominal tergites; 68. seta of mesosternum placed postero-medially." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270871" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270871/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">
|
||
Figs 65
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886551E17FC9473A3FC9DFB76" bold="true" box="[827,841,1156,1181]" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">–</emphasis>
|
||
67
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86551E17FF68738FFE0CFA73" blockId="19.[151,1436,940,1973]" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">
|
||
Two pairs of minute setae at anterior border of pro-, meso- and metasternum. Pro-, meso- and metasternum also with two groups of numerous setae antero-medially (placed very close to each other) a pair of setae posteromedially and a group of cauliflower-shaped sensilla on each lateral side (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86551E17FC6773C8FB9EFAE3" box="[968,1098,1263,1288]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 63–68" captionStart-1="FIGURES 69–74" captionStartId-0="15.[151,264,1611,1634]" captionStartId-1="16.[151,264,1614,1637]" captionTargetBox-0="[180,1390,193,1566]" captionTargetBox-1="[174,1404,193,1589]" captionTargetId-0="figure-180@15.[180,1390,193,1566]" captionTargetId-1="figure-208@16.[174,1404,193,1589]" captionTargetPageId-0="15" captionTargetPageId-1="16" captionText-0="FIGURES 63–68. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 63, 64. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of pronotum; 65. cauliflowershaped sensilla of meso-and metanotum; 66, 67. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of abdominal tergites; 68. seta of mesosternum placed postero-medially." captionText-1="FIGURES 69–74. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 69. meso- and metasternum; 70. setae of metasternum placed anteromedially; 71. setae of first three abdominal sternites placed medially; 72. setae of abdominal sternite I placed medially; 73. abdominal sternites VI–VIII; 74. cauliflower-shaped sensillum of abdominal sternite VII." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270871" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270873" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5270871/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5270873/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">
|
||
Figs 68
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886551E17FBB373C8FBFEFAE3" bold="true" box="[1052,1066,1263,1288]" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">–</emphasis>
|
||
70
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Two minute setae at anterior border of each abdominal sternite. First three abdominal sternites with numerous setae (most of them placed on tubercles) medially and numerous cauliflower-shaped sensilla laterally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86551E17FC6F7210FB90FABB" box="[960,1092,1335,1360]" captionStart="FIGURES 69–74" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1614,1637]" captionTargetBox="[174,1404,193,1589]" captionTargetId="figure-208@16.[174,1404,193,1589]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 69–74. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 69. meso- and metasternum; 70. setae of metasternum placed anteromedially; 71. setae of first three abdominal sternites placed medially; 72. setae of abdominal sternite I placed medially; 73. abdominal sternites VI–VIII; 74. cauliflower-shaped sensillum of abdominal sternite VII." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270873/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">Figs 71, 72</figureCitation>
|
||
). Abdominal sternites III
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886551E17FAF17210FAB8FABB" bold="true" box="[1374,1388,1335,1360]" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">–</emphasis>
|
||
VIII with numerous cauliflower-shaped sensilla distributed regularly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86551E17FC3D727BFBF4FA9E" box="[914,1056,1372,1397]" captionStart="FIGURES 69–74" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1614,1637]" captionTargetBox="[174,1404,193,1589]" captionTargetId="figure-208@16.[174,1404,193,1589]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 69–74. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 69. meso- and metasternum; 70. setae of metasternum placed anteromedially; 71. setae of first three abdominal sternites placed medially; 72. setae of abdominal sternite I placed medially; 73. abdominal sternites VI–VIII; 74. cauliflower-shaped sensillum of abdominal sternite VII." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270873/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">Figs 73, 74</figureCitation>
|
||
). Number of cauliflower-shaped sensilla decrease posteriorly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86551E17FF687283FC8CFA56" blockId="19.[151,1436,940,1973]" box="[199,856,1444,1469]" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">
|
||
Anal turret distinct and consists of two segments (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86551E17FD587283FC98FA56" box="[759,844,1444,1469]" captionStart="FIGURES 75–80" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1982,2005]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,697,1962]" captionTargetId="figure-283@17.[188,1398,697,1962]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 75–80. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 75. lateral scoli of abdomen; 76. lateral branches of lateral scolus at base; 77, 78. top of lateral scolus; 79. spiracle of abdominal tergite I; 80. anal turret." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270875/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">Fig. 80</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86551E17FF6872E0FCBAF9EE" blockId="19.[151,1436,940,1973]" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">
|
||
Nine pairs of distinctly elevated spiracles: one on thorax and eight on abdomen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86551E17FBE872E0FB4FFA0B" box="[1095,1179,1479,1504]" captionStart="FIGURES 75–80" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1982,2005]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,697,1962]" captionTargetId="figure-283@17.[188,1398,697,1962]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 75–80. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 75. lateral scoli of abdomen; 76. lateral branches of lateral scolus at base; 77, 78. top of lateral scolus; 79. spiracle of abdominal tergite I; 80. anal turret." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270875/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">Fig. 79</figureCitation>
|
||
). Diameter of spiracles very slightly decreasing posterad, spiracles of thorax the biggest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86551E17FF687128FEC6F97E" blockId="19.[151,1436,940,1973]" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">
|
||
Head well sclerotised, hypognathous, retracted into pronotum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86551E17FC3D7128FBC3F9C3" box="[914,1047,1551,1576]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–51" captionStartId="12.[151,258,1792,1814]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,197,1762]" captionTargetId="figure-132@12.[151,1436,187,1775]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 45–51. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 45. frontal side of head; 46. temporal side of head; 47. dorsal side of labrum; 48. ventral side of labrum; 49, 50. mandibles; 51. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post—postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270864/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">Figs 45, 46</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86551E17FB8C7128FB95F9C3" box="[1059,1089,1551,1576]" captionStart="FIGURES 52–55" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1801,1824]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,193,1780]" captionTargetId="figure-106@13.[188,1398,193,1780]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 52–55. Fifth instar larva. 52, 53. Cassida rubiginosa; 54, 55. Cassida palaestina. 52, 54. dorsal view; 53, 55. ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270867/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">53</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86551E17FBE07128FBBBF9C3" box="[1103,1135,1551,1576]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–62" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,266,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-107@14.[165,1438,265,1926]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 56–62. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 56. head; 57. setae of head; 58. stemmata, arrow pointed at the smallest stemma (stemma of sixth pair); 59. top of antenna; 60. palpifer and maxillary palp, mpI—first maxillary palp, mpII— second maxillary palp, pp -palpifer; 61. campaniform sensillum of second segment of maxillary palp; 62. labial palp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270869/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">56</figureCitation>
|
||
). Median suture complete, connected with fronto-clypeal suture. Clypeus distinct, wider than long, with one seta and one campaniform sensillum on each lateral side. Frontal and epicranial suture absent, fronto-clypeal and clypeo-labral suture well developed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86551E17FF6871B8FAB0F953" blockId="19.[151,1436,940,1973]" box="[199,1380,1695,1720]" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">
|
||
Six stemmata on each side of head (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86551E17FDF671B8FD08F953" box="[601,732,1695,1720]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–51" captionStartId="12.[151,258,1792,1814]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,197,1762]" captionTargetId="figure-132@12.[151,1436,187,1775]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 45–51. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 45. frontal side of head; 46. temporal side of head; 47. dorsal side of labrum; 48. ventral side of labrum; 49, 50. mandibles; 51. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post—postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270864/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">Figs 45, 46</figureCitation>
|
||
). One stemma distinctly smaller than remainder (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86551E17FAAC71B8FA8CF953" box="[1283,1368,1695,1720]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–62" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,266,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-107@14.[165,1438,265,1926]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 56–62. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 56. head; 57. setae of head; 58. stemmata, arrow pointed at the smallest stemma (stemma of sixth pair); 59. top of antenna; 60. palpifer and maxillary palp, mpI—first maxillary palp, mpII— second maxillary palp, pp -palpifer; 61. campaniform sensillum of second segment of maxillary palp; 62. labial palp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270869/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86551E17FF6871E3FDB9F8A3" blockId="19.[151,1436,940,1973]" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">
|
||
Frontal side of head with four small vertical pointed setae (V 1
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886551E17FC3F71E3FC4AF936" bold="true" box="[912,926,1732,1757]" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">–</emphasis>
|
||
4); five frontal rows of pointed setae: row Fa with three setae, Fb with four setae, Fc with three setae, Fd with single seta and Fe with two setae; one campaniform sensillum between seta Fb1 and Fc1 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86551E17FD7A702BFCF8F8CE" box="[725,812,1804,1829]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–51" captionStartId="12.[151,258,1792,1814]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,197,1762]" captionTargetId="figure-132@12.[151,1436,187,1775]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 45–51. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 45. frontal side of head; 46. temporal side of head; 47. dorsal side of labrum; 48. ventral side of labrum; 49, 50. mandibles; 51. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post—postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270864/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">Figs 45</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86551E17FC99702BFC54F8CE" box="[822,896,1804,1829]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–62" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,266,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-107@14.[165,1438,265,1926]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 56–62. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 56. head; 57. setae of head; 58. stemmata, arrow pointed at the smallest stemma (stemma of sixth pair); 59. top of antenna; 60. palpifer and maxillary palp, mpI—first maxillary palp, mpII— second maxillary palp, pp -palpifer; 61. campaniform sensillum of second segment of maxillary palp; 62. labial palp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270869/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">56, 57</figureCitation>
|
||
). Temporal side of head with three setae (T 1
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886551E17FAD9702BFA50F8CE" bold="true" box="[1398,1412,1804,1829]" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">–</emphasis>
|
||
3) and one campaniform sensillum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86551E17FDA37008FDB5F8A3" box="[524,609,1839,1864]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–51" captionStartId="12.[151,258,1792,1814]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,197,1762]" captionTargetId="figure-132@12.[151,1436,187,1775]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 45–51. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 45. frontal side of head; 46. temporal side of head; 47. dorsal side of labrum; 48. ventral side of labrum; 49, 50. mandibles; 51. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post—postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270864/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86551E17FF687073FE1FF85E" blockId="19.[151,1436,940,1973]" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">
|
||
Antennae 2-segmented, set in membranous ring (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86551E17FD457073FCB8F886" box="[746,876,1876,1901]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–62" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,266,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-107@14.[165,1438,265,1926]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 56–62. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 56. head; 57. setae of head; 58. stemmata, arrow pointed at the smallest stemma (stemma of sixth pair); 59. top of antenna; 60. palpifer and maxillary palp, mpI—first maxillary palp, mpII— second maxillary palp, pp -palpifer; 61. campaniform sensillum of second segment of maxillary palp; 62. labial palp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270869/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="530">Figs 58, 59</figureCitation>
|
||
). First segment transverse, wider than second one. Second segment stout, longer than wide, with a group of peg-like sensilla at the apex: one prominent (sensory appendix) and four smaller.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="9FE1A5C286521E10FF3871AFFBE9F955" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270879" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5270879" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270879/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="531" startId="20.[151,264,1672,1695]" targetBox="[168,1434,193,1638]" targetPageId="20">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86521E10FF3871AFFBE9F955" blockId="20.[151,1436,1672,1726]" pageId="20" pageNumber="531">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886521E10FF3871AFFE81F975" bold="true" box="[151,341,1672,1695]" pageId="20" pageNumber="531">FIGURES 87–92.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC986521E10FEF371AEFDCBF974" authorityName="Reiche" authorityYear="1858" box="[348,543,1673,1695]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaestina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886521E10FEF371AEFDCBF974" box="[348,543,1673,1695]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="531">Cassida palaestina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, fifth instar larva.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886521E10FD4D71AEFCFDF975" bold="true" box="[738,809,1673,1694]" pageId="20" pageNumber="531">87, 88.</emphasis>
|
||
maxilla and labial palp;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886521E10FB8371AEFB9FF975" bold="true" box="[1068,1099,1673,1694]" pageId="20" pageNumber="531">89.</emphasis>
|
||
spines at dorsal part of palpifer;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886521E10FF38718FFF63F956" bold="true" box="[151,183,1704,1725]" pageId="20" pageNumber="531">90.</emphasis>
|
||
labial palp;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886521E10FE9B718FFE80F956" bold="true" box="[308,340,1704,1725]" pageId="20" pageNumber="531">91.</emphasis>
|
||
mala;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886521E10FE36718FFE66F956" bold="true" box="[409,434,1704,1725]" pageId="20" pageNumber="531">92</emphasis>
|
||
. top of mala arrow pointed at small seta (or peg-like sensillum).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86521E10FF6871CDFB09F878" blockId="20.[151,1436,1770,2011]" pageId="20" pageNumber="531">
|
||
Labrum wider than long, anterior margin emarginate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86521E10FC8971CDFC7DF8E8" box="[806,937,1770,1795]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–51" captionStartId="12.[151,258,1792,1814]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,197,1762]" captionTargetId="figure-132@12.[151,1436,187,1775]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 45–51. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 45. frontal side of head; 46. temporal side of head; 47. dorsal side of labrum; 48. ventral side of labrum; 49, 50. mandibles; 51. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post—postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270864/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="531">Figs 47, 48</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86521E10FC1A71CDFC01F8E8" box="[949,981,1770,1795]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–62" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,266,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-107@14.[165,1438,265,1926]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 56–62. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 56. head; 57. setae of head; 58. stemmata, arrow pointed at the smallest stemma (stemma of sixth pair); 59. top of antenna; 60. palpifer and maxillary palp, mpI—first maxillary palp, mpII— second maxillary palp, pp -palpifer; 61. campaniform sensillum of second segment of maxillary palp; 62. labial palp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270869/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="531">56</figureCitation>
|
||
). Anterior margin with six fine and long setae medially and four stout setae on each side. Dorsally: four long setae placed in the middle in one row running across width, two setae close to anterior margin, and two pairs of campaniform sensilla medially. Mid part of ventral surface (epipharyngeal area) with two pairs of small setae, two pairs of campaniform sensilla and two irregular groups of a few small sensilla. Numerous small spines medially and on each lateral side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86521E10FF6870B9FBECF830" blockId="20.[151,1436,1770,2011]" pageId="20" pageNumber="531">
|
||
Mandibles heavily sclerotized, palmate, with five apical teeth in one row and one tooth slightly moved backwards. Two setae and two campaniform sensilla at base dorsally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86521E10FC0770E5FBFFF830" box="[936,1067,1986,2011]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–51" captionStartId="12.[151,258,1792,1814]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,197,1762]" captionTargetId="figure-132@12.[151,1436,187,1775]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 45–51. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 45. frontal side of head; 46. temporal side of head; 47. dorsal side of labrum; 48. ventral side of labrum; 49, 50. mandibles; 51. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post—postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270864/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="531">Figs 49, 50</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="9FE1A5C286531E11FF38704BFF01F854" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270881" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5270881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270881/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="532" startId="21.[151,264,1900,1923]" targetBox="[172,1432,193,1869]" targetPageId="21">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86531E11FF38704BFF01F854" blockId="21.[151,1436,1900,1983]" pageId="21" pageNumber="532">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886531E11FF38704BFEB5F86A" bold="true" box="[151,353,1900,1923]" pageId="21" pageNumber="532">FIGURES 93–101.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC986531E11FEC9704BFDFCF869" authorityName="Reiche" authorityYear="1858" box="[358,552,1900,1922]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="532" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaestina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886531E11FEC9704BFDFCF869" box="[358,552,1900,1922]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="532">Cassida palaestina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, fifth instar larva.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886531E11FD4B704BFCD0F86A" bold="true" box="[740,772,1900,1921]" pageId="21" pageNumber="532">93.</emphasis>
|
||
lateral scoli of first two pairs;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886531E11FB93704BFB88F86A" bold="true" box="[1084,1116,1900,1921]" pageId="21" pageNumber="532">94.</emphasis>
|
||
lateral scoli of abdomen;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886531E11FAD9704BFF63F84B" bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="532">95– 97.</emphasis>
|
||
lateral branches of lateral scolus at base;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886531E11FDF670ACFDADF84B" bold="true" box="[601,633,1931,1952]" pageId="21" pageNumber="532">98.</emphasis>
|
||
top of lateral scolus;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886531E11FCFE70ACFCA5F84B" bold="true" box="[849,881,1931,1952]" pageId="21" pageNumber="532">99.</emphasis>
|
||
spiracle of abdomen;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886531E11FBFF70ACFBA9F84B" bold="true" box="[1104,1149,1931,1952]" pageId="21" pageNumber="532">100.</emphasis>
|
||
spiracle of thorax;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886531E11FA9070ACFAB8F84B" bold="true" box="[1343,1388,1931,1952]" pageId="21" pageNumber="532">101.</emphasis>
|
||
anal turret.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="9FE1A5C286501E12FF387141FCEBF977" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270883" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5270883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270883/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="533" startId="22.[151,264,1638,1661]" targetBox="[172,1423,193,1613]" targetPageId="22">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86501E12FF387141FCEBF977" blockId="22.[151,1436,1638,1692]" pageId="22" pageNumber="533">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886501E12FF387141FEB9F997" bold="true" box="[151,365,1638,1661]" pageId="22" pageNumber="533">FIGURES 102–107.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC986501E12FEDD7140FDE6F996" authorityName="Reiche" authorityYear="1858" box="[370,562,1639,1661]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaestina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886501E12FEDD7140FDE6F996" box="[370,562,1639,1661]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="533">Cassida palaestina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, fifth instar larva.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886501E12FD427140FC99F997" bold="true" box="[749,845,1639,1660]" pageId="22" pageNumber="533">102–104.</emphasis>
|
||
cauliflower-shaped sensilla of pronotum;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886501E12FAC67140FF17F970" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="533">105– 107.</emphasis>
|
||
cauliflower-shaped sensilla of abdominal tergites VIII and IX.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86501E13FF6871E4FCAEFF38" blockId="22.[151,1436,1731,2008]" lastBlockId="23.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="534" pageId="22" pageNumber="533">
|
||
Maxillae and labium connate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86501E12FDB371E4FDA7F937" box="[540,627,1731,1756]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–51" captionStartId="12.[151,258,1792,1814]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,197,1762]" captionTargetId="figure-132@12.[151,1436,187,1775]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 45–51. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 45. frontal side of head; 46. temporal side of head; 47. dorsal side of labrum; 48. ventral side of labrum; 49, 50. mandibles; 51. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post—postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270864/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="533">Figs 51</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86501E12FD2F71E4FD20F937" box="[640,756,1731,1756]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–62" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,266,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-107@14.[165,1438,265,1926]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 56–62. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 56. head; 57. setae of head; 58. stemmata, arrow pointed at the smallest stemma (stemma of sixth pair); 59. top of antenna; 60. palpifer and maxillary palp, mpI—first maxillary palp, mpII— second maxillary palp, pp -palpifer; 61. campaniform sensillum of second segment of maxillary palp; 62. labial palp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270869/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="533">
|
||
56, 60
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886501E12FD6971E4FD00F937" bold="true" box="[710,724,1731,1756]" pageId="22" pageNumber="533">–</emphasis>
|
||
62
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Each stipes (st) with two long setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86501E12FB0A71E4FB2DF937" box="[1189,1273,1731,1756]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–51" captionStartId="12.[151,258,1792,1814]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,197,1762]" captionTargetId="figure-132@12.[151,1436,187,1775]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 45–51. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 45. frontal side of head; 46. temporal side of head; 47. dorsal side of labrum; 48. ventral side of labrum; 49, 50. mandibles; 51. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post—postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270864/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="533">Fig. 51</figureCitation>
|
||
). Palpifer (pp) with two setae and three campaniform sensilla ventrally and with numerous spines dorsally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86501E12FB6A71C0FACAF8EB" box="[1221,1310,1767,1792]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–51" captionStartId="12.[151,258,1792,1814]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,197,1762]" captionTargetId="figure-132@12.[151,1436,187,1775]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 45–51. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 45. frontal side of head; 46. temporal side of head; 47. dorsal side of labrum; 48. ventral side of labrum; 49, 50. mandibles; 51. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post—postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270864/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="533">Figs 51</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86501E12FA8271C0FA99F8EB" box="[1325,1357,1767,1792]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–62" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,266,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-107@14.[165,1438,265,1926]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 56–62. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 56. head; 57. setae of head; 58. stemmata, arrow pointed at the smallest stemma (stemma of sixth pair); 59. top of antenna; 60. palpifer and maxillary palp, mpI—first maxillary palp, mpII— second maxillary palp, pp -palpifer; 61. campaniform sensillum of second segment of maxillary palp; 62. labial palp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270869/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="533">60</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mala (mal) not distinctly bordered from palpifer (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86501E12FD23702CFD34F8CF" box="[652,736,1803,1828]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–51" captionStartId="12.[151,258,1792,1814]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,197,1762]" captionTargetId="figure-132@12.[151,1436,187,1775]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 45–51. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 45. frontal side of head; 46. temporal side of head; 47. dorsal side of labrum; 48. ventral side of labrum; 49, 50. mandibles; 51. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post—postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270864/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="533">Fig. 51</figureCitation>
|
||
), bears: six long pointed setae, one long blunt seta, one short blunt seta (or peg like sensillum? like in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC986501E12FDC87017FD29F8A3" authorityName="Reiche" authorityYear="1858" box="[615,765,1839,1864]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaestina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886501E12FDC87017FD29F8A3" box="[615,765,1839,1864]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="533">C. palaestina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, see
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86501E12FC977008FC59F8A3" box="[824,909,1839,1864]" captionStart="FIGURES 87–92" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1672,1695]" captionTargetBox="[168,1434,193,1638]" captionTargetId="figure-179@20.[168,1442,193,1638]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 87–92. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 87, 88. maxilla and labial palp; 89. spines at dorsal part of palpifer; 90. labial palp; 91. mala; 92. top of mala arrow pointed at small seta (or peg-like sensillum)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270879" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270879/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="533">Fig. 92</figureCitation>
|
||
). Maxillary palp two-segmented (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86501E12FAA47008FAB6F8A3" box="[1291,1378,1839,1864]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–51" captionStartId="12.[151,258,1792,1814]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,197,1762]" captionTargetId="figure-132@12.[151,1436,187,1775]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 45–51. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 45. frontal side of head; 46. temporal side of head; 47. dorsal side of labrum; 48. ventral side of labrum; 49, 50. mandibles; 51. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post—postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270864/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="533">Figs 51</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86501E12FADF7008FA44F8A3" box="[1392,1424,1839,1864]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–62" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,266,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-107@14.[165,1438,265,1926]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 56–62. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 56. head; 57. setae of head; 58. stemmata, arrow pointed at the smallest stemma (stemma of sixth pair); 59. top of antenna; 60. palpifer and maxillary palp, mpI—first maxillary palp, mpII— second maxillary palp, pp -palpifer; 61. campaniform sensillum of second segment of maxillary palp; 62. labial palp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270869/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="533">60</figureCitation>
|
||
). First segment with two pointed setae and one campaniform sensillum. Second segment with one pointed seta, one blunt seta (digitiform sensillum—ds), and one campaniform sensillum on sides, and a group of small peg-like sensilla at the apex. Labial palp (lp) one-segmented with a group of small peg-like sensilla at the apex and one campaniform sensillum below the apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86501E12FDF37098FD66F833" box="[604,690,1983,2008]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–51" captionStartId="12.[151,258,1792,1814]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,197,1762]" captionTargetId="figure-132@12.[151,1436,187,1775]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 45–51. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 45. frontal side of head; 46. temporal side of head; 47. dorsal side of labrum; 48. ventral side of labrum; 49, 50. mandibles; 51. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post—postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270864/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="533">Figs 51</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86501E12FD117098FD0AF833" box="[702,734,1983,2008]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–62" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,266,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-107@14.[165,1438,265,1926]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 56–62. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 56. head; 57. setae of head; 58. stemmata, arrow pointed at the smallest stemma (stemma of sixth pair); 59. top of antenna; 60. palpifer and maxillary palp, mpI—first maxillary palp, mpII— second maxillary palp, pp -palpifer; 61. campaniform sensillum of second segment of maxillary palp; 62. labial palp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270869/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="533">62</figureCitation>
|
||
). Hypopharynx (hyp) covered with numerous spines, with four campaniform sensilla at base (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86511E13FE5077B0FD83FF5B" box="[511,599,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–51" captionStartId="12.[151,258,1792,1814]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,197,1762]" captionTargetId="figure-132@12.[151,1436,187,1775]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 45–51. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 45. frontal side of head; 46. temporal side of head; 47. dorsal side of labrum; 48. ventral side of labrum; 49, 50. mandibles; 51. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post—postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270864/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="534">Fig. 51</figureCitation>
|
||
). Prementum (pre) with two long setae, two very short setae and four campaniform sensilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86511E13FE39779BFE3EFF3E" box="[406,490,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–51" captionStartId="12.[151,258,1792,1814]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,197,1762]" captionTargetId="figure-132@12.[151,1436,187,1775]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 45–51. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 45. frontal side of head; 46. temporal side of head; 47. dorsal side of labrum; 48. ventral side of labrum; 49, 50. mandibles; 51. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post—postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270864/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="534">Fig. 51</figureCitation>
|
||
). Postmentum (post) with six setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="9FE1A5C286511E13FF3871ECFBA9F8F5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270885" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5270885" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270885/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="534" startId="23.[151,264,1739,1762]" targetBox="[171,1432,265,1710]" targetPageId="23">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86511E13FF3871ECFBA9F8F5" blockId="23.[151,1436,1739,1822]" pageId="23" pageNumber="534">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886511E13FF3871ECFEA5F90B" bold="true" box="[151,369,1739,1762]" pageId="23" pageNumber="534">FIGURES 108–113.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC986511E13FED371ECFD97F90A" authorityName="Reiche" authorityYear="1858" box="[380,579,1739,1761]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="534" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaestina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886511E13FED371ECFD97F90A" box="[380,579,1739,1761]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="534">Cassida palaestina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, fifth instar larva.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886511E13FCBA71ECFCAEF90B" bold="true" box="[789,890,1739,1760]" pageId="23" pageNumber="534">108, 109.</emphasis>
|
||
cauliflower-shaped sensilla of metasternum placed laterally;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886511E13FF5871CDFEF6F914" bold="true" box="[247,290,1770,1791]" pageId="23" pageNumber="534">110.</emphasis>
|
||
first two abdominal sternite medially;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886511E13FD0571CDFD01F914" bold="true" box="[682,725,1770,1791]" pageId="23" pageNumber="534">111.</emphasis>
|
||
seta of metasternum placed postero-medially;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886511E13FB0371CDFB0DF914" bold="true" box="[1196,1241,1770,1791]" pageId="23" pageNumber="534">112.</emphasis>
|
||
setae of abdominal sternite I placed medially;
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA295886511E13FE0A702FFE04F8F6" bold="true" box="[421,464,1800,1821]" pageId="23" pageNumber="534">113.</emphasis>
|
||
cauliflower-shaped sensilla of abdominal sternite I placed laterally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A86511E1CFF687060FE46FEAB" blockId="23.[151,1436,1862,2031]" lastBlockId="24.[151,1436,151,861]" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="535" pageId="23" pageNumber="534">
|
||
Legs stout, consist of three segments: coxa, femur and tibiotarsus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF86511E13FC677061FBCAF8B4" box="[968,1054,1862,1887]" captionStart="FIGURES 34–37" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1949,1972]" captionTargetBox="[182,1426,200,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-61@10.[172,1435,193,1916]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 34–37. Fifth instar larvae. 34. lateral scoli of first two pairs of Cassida rubiginosa; 35. lateral scoli of first two pairs of Cassida palaestina; 36. leg of Cassida rubiginosa; 37. leg of Cassida palaestina." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270860" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270860/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="534">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
|
||
). Internal side of coxa with setae arranged in three groups: first group with two short setae (placed close to border between coxa and body); second with three short setae; third with two short setae at anterior border of coxa, usually with five setae and an elongate cauliflower-shaped sensilla. Externally coxa with two setae. One seta dorso-externally. Femur with 18 long pointed setae and one short pointed seta placed dorsally close to the base. Moreover, femur with a group of five campaniform sensilla and one short pointed seta basally on internal side; one campaniform sensillum at base ventrally; and two campaniform sensilla at base externally. Tibiotarsus apically with a heavily sclerotised, curved, single and simple claw armed basally with a pointed seta. Claw and pointed seta surrounded by a complex of six long pointed setae. Tibiotarsus also with seven, rarely six, long setae dorsally and two campaniform sensilla and small seta above claw.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8384A6C1865E1E1DFF68766BFB5DFE3B" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="536" pageId="24" pageNumber="535" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A865E1E1CFF68766BFD2CFCB6" blockId="24.[151,1436,151,861]" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865E1E1CFF68766BFB2EFE8F" bold="true" box="[199,1274,331,357]" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">
|
||
Comparative diagnosis of first instar larvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9865E1E1CFD52766CFC09FE8F" authorityName="Muller" authorityYear="1776" box="[765,989,331,356]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865E1E1CFD52766CFC09FE8F" bold="true" box="[765,989,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">Cassida rubiginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865E1E1CFBB5766CFB2EFE8F" bold="true" box="[1050,1274,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9865E1E1CFBB5766CFB22FE8F" authorityName="Reiche" authorityYear="1858" box="[1050,1270,331,356]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaestina">Cassida palaestina</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The length of the first instar larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9865E1E1CFE067648FD56FE63" authorityName="Reiche" authorityYear="1858" box="[425,642,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaestina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865E1E1CFE067648FD56FE63" box="[425,642,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">Cassida palaestina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is within the range recorded for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9865E1E1CFBA57657FB7CFE63" authorityName="Muller" authorityYear="1776" box="[1034,1192,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865E1E1CFBA57657FB7CFE63" box="[1034,1192,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">C. rubiginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the length of
|
||
<specimenCount id="DD983EC3865E1E1CFADB7657FED5FE46" pageId="24" pageNumber="535" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9865E1E1CFE8A76B3FE6DFE46" authorityName="Reiche" authorityYear="1858" box="[293,441,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaestina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865E1E1CFE8A76B3FE6DFE46" box="[293,441,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">C. palaestina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, was: 1.35 mm; and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9865E1E1CFD0E76B3FCEFFE46" authorityName="Muller" authorityYear="1776" box="[673,827,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865E1E1CFD0E76B3FCEFFE46" box="[673,827,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">C. rubiginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ranged: from 0.70 in freshly emerged larvae to 1.45 in 24 hour old larvae (
|
||
<tableCitation id="861CC0F1865E1E1CFED67690FE1BFE3B" box="[377,463,439,464]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,241,476,499]" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements of first and fifth instar larva of Cassida palaestina." pageId="24" pageNumber="535">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<tableCitation id="861CC0F1865E1E1CFDA67690FDCEFE3B" box="[521,538,439,464]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="19.[151,241,256,279]" captionText="TABLE 2. Measurements of first and fifth instar larva of Cassida rubiginosa." pageId="24" pageNumber="535">2</tableCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF0F88BB865E1E1CFD887690FCD6FE3B" author="Swietojanska, J." box="[551,770,439,464]" pageId="24" pageNumber="535" pagination="427 - 438" refId="ref8750" refString="Swietojanska, J. (2004) Comparative description of first instar larvae of Cassida stigmatica Suffrian, 1844 and Cassida rubiginosa Muller, 1776 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae). Annales Zoologici, 54 (2), 427 - 438." type="journal article" year="2004">Świętojańska 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The first instar larvae of both species are similar to each other in general body shape. The body of alcohol-preserved larvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9865E1E1CFC1776FBFB84FE1E" authorityName="Reiche" authorityYear="1858" box="[952,1104,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaestina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865E1E1CFC1776FBFB84FE1E" box="[952,1104,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">C. palaestina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is more intensively coloured than those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9865E1E1CFEEF7527FE0BFDF3" authorityName="Muller" authorityYear="1776" box="[320,479,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865E1E1CFEEF7527FE0BFDF3" box="[320,479,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">C. rubiginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Its body is yellowish-white with dark brown head and legs, brown patches on pronotum, brown lateral scoli and 1/3 basal half of supra-anal processes whereas the body of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9865E1E1CFB4E7503FAAAFDD6" authorityName="Muller" authorityYear="1776" box="[1249,1406,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865E1E1CFB4E7503FAAAFDD6" box="[1249,1406,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">C. rubiginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is yellowish-white with brown head and two light brown irregular patches on pronotum, light brown coxa ventrally and uniformly yellowish-white lateral scoli and supra-anal processes. Lateral scoli and supra-anal processes are of the same length in relation to the body width and length in both species. Thoracic lateral scoli and scoli of first abdominal segment are apically armed with an elongate, truncate seta in both species, remaining abdominal scoli (except scoli of 15th and 16th pair) are armed apically with a more or less elongate cauliflower-shaped sensillum. Fifteenth and 16th lateral scoli are the longest, and in both species these scoli are armed apically with a single seta. Chaetotaxy of dorsal and ventral side of the body, the head and the legs are the same in both species. Similarly, there are no differences in the structure of mouthparts.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="9FE1A5C2865E1E1CFF3872D0FADBF9E6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270887" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5270887" box="[151,1295,1527,1550]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270887/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="535" startId="24.[151,264,1527,1550]" targetBox="[188,1398,913,1506]" targetPageId="24">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A865E1E1CFF3872D0FADBF9E6" blockId="24.[151,1295,1527,1550]" box="[151,1295,1527,1550]" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865E1E1CFF3872D0FEBDF9E6" bold="true" box="[151,361,1527,1550]" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">FIGURES 114–116.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9865E1E1CFEDF72DFFDE5F9E5" authorityName="Reiche" authorityYear="1858" box="[368,561,1528,1550]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaestina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865E1E1CFEDF72DFFDE5F9E5" box="[368,561,1528,1550]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">Cassida palaestina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, fifth instar larva, cauliflower-shaped sensilla of abdominal sternite VII.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB21F54A865E1E1DFF68711DFB5DFE3B" blockId="24.[151,1436,1594,2015]" lastBlockId="25.[151,1436,151,464]" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="536" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865E1E1CFF68711DFB39F9B8" bold="true" box="[199,1261,1594,1619]" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">
|
||
Comparative diagnosis of fifth instar larvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9865E1E1CFD59711DFC00F9B8" authorityName="Muller" authorityYear="1776" box="[758,980,1594,1619]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865E1E1CFD59711DFC00F9B8" bold="true" box="[758,980,1594,1619]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">Cassida rubiginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865E1E1CFBA1711DFB39F9B8" bold="true" box="[1038,1261,1594,1619]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9865E1E1CFBA1711DFB3DF9B8" authorityName="Reiche" authorityYear="1858" box="[1038,1257,1594,1619]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaestina">Cassida palaestina</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The fifth instar larvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9865E1E1CFEAD7179FE0DF99C" authorityName="Reiche" authorityYear="1858" box="[258,473,1630,1655]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaestina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865E1E1CFEAD7179FE0DF99C" box="[258,473,1630,1655]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">Cassida palaestina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9865E1E1CFDBE7178FD78F99C" authorityName="Muller" authorityYear="1776" box="[529,684,1630,1655]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865E1E1CFDBE7178FD78F99C" box="[529,684,1630,1655]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">C. rubiginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are more or less of the same length with 5.00
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865E1E1CFB1C7179FB15F99C" bold="true" box="[1203,1217,1630,1655]" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">–</emphasis>
|
||
6.20 mm and 5.20
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865E1E1CFA217179FA48F99C" bold="true" box="[1422,1436,1630,1655]" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">–</emphasis>
|
||
6.30 mm respectively (
|
||
<tableCitation id="861CC0F1865E1E1CFE3071A5FDD4F970" box="[415,512,1666,1691]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,241,476,499]" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements of first and fifth instar larva of Cassida palaestina." pageId="24" pageNumber="535">Tables 1</tableCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<tableCitation id="861CC0F1865E1E1CFD9371A5FD99F970" box="[572,589,1666,1691]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="19.[151,241,256,279]" captionText="TABLE 2. Measurements of first and fifth instar larva of Cassida rubiginosa." pageId="24" pageNumber="535">2</tableCitation>
|
||
). They are similar to each other in general body shape (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865E1E1CFB7971A5FA8FF970" box="[1238,1371,1666,1691]" captionStart="FIGURES 52–55" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1801,1824]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,193,1780]" captionTargetId="figure-106@13.[188,1398,193,1780]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 52–55. Fifth instar larva. 52, 53. Cassida rubiginosa; 54, 55. Cassida palaestina. 52, 54. dorsal view; 53, 55. ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270867/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">
|
||
Figs 52
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865E1E1CFA8371A5FAEEF970" bold="true" box="[1324,1338,1666,1691]" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">–</emphasis>
|
||
55
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). The body of both species is elongate-oval, widest across meso- and metathorax, and then narrowed posteriorly. The body of alcohol-preserved larvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9865E1E1CFD8071ECFD11F908" authorityName="Reiche" authorityYear="1858" box="[559,709,1738,1763]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaestina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865E1E1CFD8071ECFD11F908" box="[559,709,1738,1763]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">C. palaestina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is yellowish-white with two brown patches on pronotum, brown base of supra-anal processes, brown spiracles and dark brown head whereas the body of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9865E1E1CFB0B71C8FA95F8EC" authorityName="Muller" authorityYear="1776" box="[1188,1345,1774,1799]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865E1E1CFB0B71C8FA95F8EC" box="[1188,1345,1774,1799]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">C. rubiginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is light brown with two brown patches on pronotum, brown base of supra-anal processes, brown spiracles and dark brown head. The lateral scoli of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9865E1E1CFE1F7010FD91F8A4" authorityName="Reiche" authorityYear="1858" box="[432,581,1846,1871]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaestina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865E1E1CFE1F7010FD91F8A4" box="[432,581,1846,1871]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">C. palaestina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are slightly shorter than those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9865E1E1CFC167010FB87F8A4" authorityName="Muller" authorityYear="1776" box="[953,1107,1846,1871]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865E1E1CFC167010FB87F8A4" box="[953,1107,1846,1871]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">C. rubiginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865E1E1CFBCF7011FB35F8A4" box="[1120,1249,1846,1871]" captionStart="FIGURES 52–55" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1801,1824]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,193,1780]" captionTargetId="figure-106@13.[188,1398,193,1780]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 52–55. Fifth instar larva. 52, 53. Cassida rubiginosa; 54, 55. Cassida palaestina. 52, 54. dorsal view; 53, 55. ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270867/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">
|
||
Figs 52
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865E1E1CFB1B7011FB16F8A4" bold="true" box="[1204,1218,1846,1871]" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">–</emphasis>
|
||
55
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Lateral scoli in both species are armed apically with a pointed seta, and have numerous lateral branches however in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9865E1E1CFAA9707CFA48F898" authorityName="Reiche" authorityYear="1858" box="[1286,1436,1882,1907]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaestina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865E1E1CFAA9707CFA48F898" box="[1286,1436,1882,1907]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">C. palaestina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
tops of the lateral branches are armed apically with an elongate cauliflower-shaped sensillum while in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9865E1E1CFF387084FEE3F850" authorityName="Muller" authorityYear="1776" box="[151,311,1954,1979]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865E1E1CFF387084FEE3F850" box="[151,311,1954,1979]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">C. rubiginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
tops of the lateral branches are more often armed with a pointed seta than with an elongate cauliflower-shaped sensillum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865E1E1CFE5E70E1FDA0F834" box="[497,628,1990,2015]" captionStart="FIGURES 34–37" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1949,1972]" captionTargetBox="[182,1426,200,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-61@10.[172,1435,193,1916]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 34–37. Fifth instar larvae. 34. lateral scoli of first two pairs of Cassida rubiginosa; 35. lateral scoli of first two pairs of Cassida palaestina; 36. leg of Cassida rubiginosa; 37. leg of Cassida palaestina." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270860" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270860/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">Figs 34, 35</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865E1E1CFD2E70E1FD1DF834" box="[641,713,1990,2015]" captionStart="FIGURES 75–80" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1982,2005]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,697,1962]" captionTargetId="figure-283@17.[188,1398,697,1962]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 75–80. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 75. lateral scoli of abdomen; 76. lateral branches of lateral scolus at base; 77, 78. top of lateral scolus; 79. spiracle of abdominal tergite I; 80. anal turret." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270875/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">
|
||
75
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865E1E1CFD3270E1FD7FF834" bold="true" box="[669,683,1990,2015]" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">–</emphasis>
|
||
78
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865E1E1CFD7970E1FCF4F834" box="[726,800,1990,2015]" captionStart="FIGURES 93–101" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1900,1923]" captionTargetBox="[172,1432,193,1869]" captionTargetId="figure-62@21.[172,1436,193,1869]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 93–101. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 93. lateral scoli of first two pairs; 94. lateral scoli of abdomen; 95– 97. lateral branches of lateral scolus at base; 98. top of lateral scolus; 99. spiracle of abdomen; 100. spiracle of thorax; 101. anal turret." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270881/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">
|
||
93
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865E1E1CFD5D70E1FCD4F834" bold="true" box="[754,768,1990,2015]" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">–</emphasis>
|
||
98
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Chaetotaxy of tergites and sternites (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865E1E1CFB7A70E1FA83F834" box="[1237,1367,1990,2015]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 30, 31" captionStart-1="FIGURES 32, 33" captionStartId-0="8.[151,264,1965,1988]" captionStartId-1="9.[151,264,1484,1507]" captionTargetBox-0="[192,1388,776,1941]" captionTargetBox-1="[229,1362,203,1461]" captionTargetId-0="figure-269@8.[188,1398,769,1944]" captionTargetId-1="figure-226@9.[216,1370,193,1463]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionText-0="FIGURES 30, 31. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 30. pro- and mesonotum; 31. abdominal tergite VI." captionText-1="FIGURES 32, 33. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 32. metasternum and first abdominal sternite; 33. abdominal sternites VII and VIII." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270854" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270856" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5270854/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5270856/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">
|
||
Figs 30
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865E1E1CFA8470E1FAEDF834" bold="true" box="[1323,1337,1990,2015]" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">–</emphasis>
|
||
33
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865E1E1DFACB70E1FF17FF5B" captionStart-0="FIGURES 102–107" captionStart-1="FIGURES 108–113" captionStart-2="FIGURES 114–116" captionStartId-0="22.[151,264,1638,1661]" captionStartId-1="23.[151,264,1739,1762]" captionStartId-2="24.[151,264,1527,1550]" captionTargetBox-0="[172,1423,193,1613]" captionTargetBox-1="[171,1432,265,1710]" captionTargetBox-2="[188,1398,913,1506]" captionTargetId-0="figure-188@22.[172,1423,193,1613]" captionTargetId-1="figure-181@23.[171,1444,265,1710]" captionTargetId-2="figure-597@24.[188,1398,913,1506]" captionTargetPageId-0="22" captionTargetPageId-1="23" captionTargetPageId-2="24" captionText-0="FIGURES 102–107. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 102–104. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of pronotum; 105– 107. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of abdominal tergites VIII and IX." captionText-1="FIGURES 108–113. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 108, 109. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of metasternum placed laterally; 110. first two abdominal sternite medially; 111. seta of metasternum placed postero-medially; 112. setae of abdominal sternite I placed medially; 113. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of abdominal sternite I placed laterally." captionText-2="FIGURES 114–116. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva, cauliflower-shaped sensilla of abdominal sternite VII." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270883" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270885" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270887" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5270883/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5270885/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5270887/files/figure.png" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="536" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">
|
||
102
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865E1E1CFA2170E1FA48F834" bold="true" box="[1422,1436,1990,2015]" pageId="24" pageNumber="535">–</emphasis>
|
||
116
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
), the head (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865F1E1DFEE777B0FE18FF5B" box="[328,460,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–44" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1887,1910]" captionTargetBox="[170,1409,193,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-82@11.[162,1424,185,1860]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 38–44. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 38. frontal side of head; 39. temporal side of head; 40. dorsal side of labrum; 41. ventral side of labrum; 42, 43. mandibles; 44. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post— postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270862" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270862/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">Figs 38, 39</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865F1E1DFE7777B0FDF6FF5B" box="[472,546,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–51" captionStartId="12.[151,258,1792,1814]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,197,1762]" captionTargetId="figure-132@12.[151,1436,187,1775]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 45–51. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 45. frontal side of head; 46. temporal side of head; 47. dorsal side of labrum; 48. ventral side of labrum; 49, 50. mandibles; 51. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post—postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270864/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">45, 46</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865F1E1DFD8177B0FD99FF5B" box="[558,589,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–62" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,266,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-107@14.[165,1438,265,1926]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 56–62. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 56. head; 57. setae of head; 58. stemmata, arrow pointed at the smallest stemma (stemma of sixth pair); 59. top of antenna; 60. palpifer and maxillary palp, mpI—first maxillary palp, mpII— second maxillary palp, pp -palpifer; 61. campaniform sensillum of second segment of maxillary palp; 62. labial palp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270869/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">56</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865F1E1DFDF577B0FDA2FF5B" box="[602,630,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 81–86" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1586,1609]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,193,1565]" captionTargetId="figure-195@18.[188,1398,193,1565]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 81–86. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 81. head; 82. seta of head, in the background stemma; 83, 84. antenna; 85. mouthparts; 86. labrum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270877" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270877/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">81</figureCitation>
|
||
) and legs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865F1E1DFD5A77B0FCA3FF5B" box="[757,887,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 34–37" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1949,1972]" captionTargetBox="[182,1426,200,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-61@10.[172,1435,193,1916]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 34–37. Fifth instar larvae. 34. lateral scoli of first two pairs of Cassida rubiginosa; 35. lateral scoli of first two pairs of Cassida palaestina; 36. leg of Cassida rubiginosa; 37. leg of Cassida palaestina." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270860" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270860/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">Figs 36, 37</figureCitation>
|
||
) are the same in both species. There are also no differences in the structure of mouthparts (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865F1E1DFDD4779BFD2AFF3E" box="[635,766,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–44" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1887,1910]" captionTargetBox="[170,1409,193,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-82@11.[162,1424,185,1860]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 38–44. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 38. frontal side of head; 39. temporal side of head; 40. dorsal side of labrum; 41. ventral side of labrum; 42, 43. mandibles; 44. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post— postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270862" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270862/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">
|
||
Figs 40
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865F1E1DFD7D779BFD34FF3E" bold="true" box="[722,736,188,213]" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">–</emphasis>
|
||
44
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865F1E1DFCA4779BFC87FF3E" box="[779,851,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–51" captionStartId="12.[151,258,1792,1814]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,197,1762]" captionTargetId="figure-132@12.[151,1436,187,1775]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 45–51. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 45. frontal side of head; 46. temporal side of head; 47. dorsal side of labrum; 48. ventral side of labrum; 49, 50. mandibles; 51. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post—postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270864/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">
|
||
47
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865F1E1DFC88779BFCE1FF3E" bold="true" box="[807,821,188,213]" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">–</emphasis>
|
||
51
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865F1E1DFCCF779BFC7DFF3E" box="[864,937,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–62" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,266,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-107@14.[165,1438,265,1926]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 56–62. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 56. head; 57. setae of head; 58. stemmata, arrow pointed at the smallest stemma (stemma of sixth pair); 59. top of antenna; 60. palpifer and maxillary palp, mpI—first maxillary palp, mpII— second maxillary palp, pp -palpifer; 61. campaniform sensillum of second segment of maxillary palp; 62. labial palp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270869/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">
|
||
60
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865F1E1DFCD3779BFC5EFF3E" bold="true" box="[892,906,188,213]" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">–</emphasis>
|
||
62
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865F1E1DFC1A779BFC28FF3E" box="[949,1020,188,213]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 81–86" captionStart-1="FIGURES 87–92" captionStartId-0="18.[151,264,1586,1609]" captionStartId-1="20.[151,264,1672,1695]" captionTargetBox-0="[188,1398,193,1565]" captionTargetBox-1="[168,1434,193,1638]" captionTargetId-0="figure-195@18.[188,1398,193,1565]" captionTargetId-1="figure-179@20.[168,1442,193,1638]" captionTargetPageId-0="18" captionTargetPageId-1="20" captionText-0="FIGURES 81–86. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 81. head; 82. seta of head, in the background stemma; 83, 84. antenna; 85. mouthparts; 86. labrum." captionText-1="FIGURES 87–92. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 87, 88. maxilla and labial palp; 89. spines at dorsal part of palpifer; 90. labial palp; 91. mala; 92. top of mala arrow pointed at small seta (or peg-like sensillum)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270877" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270879" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5270877/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5270879/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">
|
||
85
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865F1E1DFC7E779BFC0BFF3E" bold="true" box="[977,991,188,213]" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">–</emphasis>
|
||
92
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) and antennae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865F1E1DFB1E779BFADEFF3E" box="[1201,1290,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–62" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,266,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-107@14.[165,1438,265,1926]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 56–62. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 56. head; 57. setae of head; 58. stemmata, arrow pointed at the smallest stemma (stemma of sixth pair); 59. top of antenna; 60. palpifer and maxillary palp, mpI—first maxillary palp, mpII— second maxillary palp, pp -palpifer; 61. campaniform sensillum of second segment of maxillary palp; 62. labial palp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270869/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">Figs 59</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865F1E1DFAB8779BFAB6FF3E" box="[1303,1378,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 81–86" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1586,1609]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,193,1565]" captionTargetId="figure-195@18.[188,1398,193,1565]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 81–86. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 81. head; 82. seta of head, in the background stemma; 83, 84. antenna; 85. mouthparts; 86. labrum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270877" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270877/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">83, 84</figureCitation>
|
||
). Six pairs of stemmata are present in both species (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865F1E1DFD3677F8FCCEFF13" box="[665,794,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–44" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1887,1910]" captionTargetBox="[170,1409,193,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-82@11.[162,1424,185,1860]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 38–44. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 38. frontal side of head; 39. temporal side of head; 40. dorsal side of labrum; 41. ventral side of labrum; 42, 43. mandibles; 44. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post— postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270862" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270862/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">Figs 38, 39</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865F1E1DFC8B77F8FCB8FF13" box="[804,876,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–51" captionStartId="12.[151,258,1792,1814]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,197,1762]" captionTargetId="figure-132@12.[151,1436,187,1775]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 45–51. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 45. frontal side of head; 46. temporal side of head; 47. dorsal side of labrum; 48. ventral side of labrum; 49, 50. mandibles; 51. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post—postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270864/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">45, 46</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865F1E1DFCD777F8FC4CFF13" box="[888,920,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–62" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,266,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-107@14.[165,1438,265,1926]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 56–62. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 56. head; 57. setae of head; 58. stemmata, arrow pointed at the smallest stemma (stemma of sixth pair); 59. top of antenna; 60. palpifer and maxillary palp, mpI—first maxillary palp, mpII— second maxillary palp, pp -palpifer; 61. campaniform sensillum of second segment of maxillary palp; 62. labial palp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270869/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">58</figureCitation>
|
||
). Anal turret is two-segmented in both species (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865F1E1DFF307623FF2CFEF6" box="[159,248,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 75–80" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1982,2005]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,697,1962]" captionTargetId="figure-283@17.[188,1398,697,1962]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 75–80. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 75. lateral scoli of abdomen; 76. lateral branches of lateral scolus at base; 77, 78. top of lateral scolus; 79. spiracle of abdominal tergite I; 80. anal turret." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270875/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">Figs 80</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865F1E1DFEAA7623FEE6FEF6" box="[261,306,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 93–101" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1900,1923]" captionTargetBox="[172,1432,193,1869]" captionTargetId="figure-62@21.[172,1436,193,1869]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 93–101. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 93. lateral scoli of first two pairs; 94. lateral scoli of abdomen; 95– 97. lateral branches of lateral scolus at base; 98. top of lateral scolus; 99. spiracle of abdomen; 100. spiracle of thorax; 101. anal turret." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270881/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">101</figureCitation>
|
||
). Spiracles in both species gradually shortened posteriorly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865F1E1DFC707623FBECFEF6" box="[991,1080,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 75–80" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1982,2005]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,697,1962]" captionTargetId="figure-283@17.[188,1398,697,1962]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 75–80. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 75. lateral scoli of abdomen; 76. lateral branches of lateral scolus at base; 77, 78. top of lateral scolus; 79. spiracle of abdominal tergite I; 80. anal turret." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270875/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">Figs 79</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865F1E1DFBE97623FB74FEF6" box="[1094,1184,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 93–101" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1900,1923]" captionTargetBox="[172,1432,193,1869]" captionTargetId="figure-62@21.[172,1436,193,1869]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 93–101. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 93. lateral scoli of first two pairs; 94. lateral scoli of abdomen; 95– 97. lateral branches of lateral scolus at base; 98. top of lateral scolus; 99. spiracle of abdomen; 100. spiracle of thorax; 101. anal turret." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270881/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">99, 100</figureCitation>
|
||
). The head is covered with pointed setae in both species (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865F1E1DFD9F7600FD63FEAB" box="[560,695,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–44" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1887,1910]" captionTargetBox="[170,1409,193,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-82@11.[162,1424,185,1860]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 38–44. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 38. frontal side of head; 39. temporal side of head; 40. dorsal side of labrum; 41. ventral side of labrum; 42, 43. mandibles; 44. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post— postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270862" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270862/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">Figs 38, 39</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865F1E1DFD697600FCC4FEAB" box="[710,784,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–51" captionStartId="12.[151,258,1792,1814]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,197,1762]" captionTargetId="figure-132@12.[151,1436,187,1775]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 45–51. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 45. frontal side of head; 46. temporal side of head; 47. dorsal side of labrum; 48. ventral side of labrum; 49, 50. mandibles; 51. maxillae and labium, ventrally. Abbreviations: hyp—hypopharynx; lp—labial palp; mal—mala; mpI—first segment of maxillary palp; mpII—second segment of maxillary palp; post—postmentum; pp—palpifer; pre—prementum; st—stipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270864/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">45, 46</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865F1E1DFCB07600FCEAFEAB" box="[799,830,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–62" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,266,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-107@14.[165,1438,265,1926]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 56–62. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 56. head; 57. setae of head; 58. stemmata, arrow pointed at the smallest stemma (stemma of sixth pair); 59. top of antenna; 60. palpifer and maxillary palp, mpI—first maxillary palp, mpII— second maxillary palp, pp -palpifer; 61. campaniform sensillum of second segment of maxillary palp; 62. labial palp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270869/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">57</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865F1E1DFCE37600FCBDFEAB" box="[844,873,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 81–86" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1586,1609]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,193,1565]" captionTargetId="figure-195@18.[188,1398,193,1565]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 81–86. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 81. head; 82. seta of head, in the background stemma; 83, 84. antenna; 85. mouthparts; 86. labrum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270877" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270877/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">82</figureCitation>
|
||
) similarly to legs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865F1E1DFBE87600FB1BFEAB" box="[1095,1231,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 34–37" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1949,1972]" captionTargetBox="[182,1426,200,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-61@10.[172,1435,193,1916]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 34–37. Fifth instar larvae. 34. lateral scoli of first two pairs of Cassida rubiginosa; 35. lateral scoli of first two pairs of Cassida palaestina; 36. leg of Cassida rubiginosa; 37. leg of Cassida palaestina." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270860" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270860/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">Figs 36, 37</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tergites of both species are covered with cauliflower-shaped sensilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865F1E1DFCB1766BFC72FE8E" box="[798,934,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 63–68" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1611,1634]" captionTargetBox="[180,1390,193,1566]" captionTargetId="figure-180@15.[180,1390,193,1566]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 63–68. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 63, 64. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of pronotum; 65. cauliflowershaped sensilla of meso-and metanotum; 66, 67. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of abdominal tergites; 68. seta of mesosternum placed postero-medially." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270871" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270871/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">
|
||
Figs 63
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865F1E1DFCD5766BFC5CFE8E" bold="true" box="[890,904,332,357]" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">–</emphasis>
|
||
67
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865F1E1DFC15766BFBC9FE8E" box="[954,1053,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 102–107" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1638,1661]" captionTargetBox="[172,1423,193,1613]" captionTargetId="figure-188@22.[172,1423,193,1613]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 102–107. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 102–104. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of pronotum; 105– 107. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of abdominal tergites VIII and IX." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270883/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">
|
||
102
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865F1E1DFC4B766BFC26FE8E" bold="true" box="[996,1010,332,357]" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">–</emphasis>
|
||
107
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) which are less elongate in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9865F1E1DFA2D766BFED8FE63" authorityName="Reiche" authorityYear="1858" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="536" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaestina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865F1E1DFA2D766BFED8FE63" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">C. palaestina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C9E8EC9865F1E1DFEDA7657FDC7FE63" authorityName="Muller" authorityYear="1776" box="[373,531,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cassida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="536" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865F1E1DFEDA7657FDC7FE63" box="[373,531,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">C. rubiginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In both species pro-, meso- and metasternum and the first three abdominal sternites have medially pointed setae and cauliflower-shaped sensilla laterally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865F1E1DFBFC76B3FB09FE46" box="[1107,1245,404,429]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 63–68" captionStart-1="FIGURES 69–74" captionStartId-0="15.[151,264,1611,1634]" captionStartId-1="16.[151,264,1614,1637]" captionTargetBox-0="[180,1390,193,1566]" captionTargetBox-1="[174,1404,193,1589]" captionTargetId-0="figure-180@15.[180,1390,193,1566]" captionTargetId-1="figure-208@16.[174,1404,193,1589]" captionTargetPageId-0="15" captionTargetPageId-1="16" captionText-0="FIGURES 63–68. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 63, 64. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of pronotum; 65. cauliflowershaped sensilla of meso-and metanotum; 66, 67. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of abdominal tergites; 68. seta of mesosternum placed postero-medially." captionText-1="FIGURES 69–74. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 69. meso- and metasternum; 70. setae of metasternum placed anteromedially; 71. setae of first three abdominal sternites placed medially; 72. setae of abdominal sternite I placed medially; 73. abdominal sternites VI–VIII; 74. cauliflower-shaped sensillum of abdominal sternite VII." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270871" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270873" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5270871/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5270873/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">
|
||
Figs 68
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865F1E1DFB1F76B3FB6AFE46" bold="true" box="[1200,1214,404,429]" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">–</emphasis>
|
||
72
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865F1E1DFB5F76B3FA82FE46" box="[1264,1366,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 108–113" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1739,1762]" captionTargetBox="[171,1432,265,1710]" captionTargetId="figure-181@23.[171,1444,265,1710]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 108–113. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva. 108, 109. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of metasternum placed laterally; 110. first two abdominal sternite medially; 111. seta of metasternum placed postero-medially; 112. setae of abdominal sternite I placed medially; 113. cauliflower-shaped sensilla of abdominal sternite I placed laterally." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270885" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270885/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">
|
||
108
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865F1E1DFAB576B3FAFCFE46" bold="true" box="[1306,1320,404,429]" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">–</emphasis>
|
||
113
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). The remaining abdominal sternites possess cauliflower-shaped sensilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865F1E1DFC237690FBD8FE3B" box="[908,1036,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURES 69–74" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1614,1637]" captionTargetBox="[174,1404,193,1589]" captionTargetId="figure-208@16.[174,1404,193,1589]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 69–74. Cassida rubiginosa, fifth instar larva. 69. meso- and metasternum; 70. setae of metasternum placed anteromedially; 71. setae of first three abdominal sternites placed medially; 72. setae of abdominal sternite I placed medially; 73. abdominal sternites VI–VIII; 74. cauliflower-shaped sensillum of abdominal sternite VII." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270873/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">Figs 73, 74</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53A5E9CF865F1E1DFBB77690FBA8FE3B" box="[1048,1148,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURES 114–116" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1527,1550]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,913,1506]" captionTargetId="figure-597@24.[188,1398,913,1506]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 114–116. Cassida palaestina, fifth instar larva, cauliflower-shaped sensilla of abdominal sternite VII." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5270887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5270887/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">
|
||
114
|
||
<emphasis id="F9EA2958865F1E1DFBEE7690FB9BFE3B" bold="true" box="[1089,1103,439,464]" pageId="25" pageNumber="536">–</emphasis>
|
||
116
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |