151 lines
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151 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="4625E32F0082FB6580A0FC61C66ACBBE" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.172.1889" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fbb4c0a3-7199-4ed7-9ea9-e04c64822790" ID-PMC="PMC3307363" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-172-7" ID-PubMed="22448114" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-172-7" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 172" ModsDocTitle="Review of Australasian spider flies (Diptera, Acroceridae) with a revision of Panops Lamarck" checkinTime="1451249321963" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Winterton, Shaun L." docDate="2012" docId="755344D8767767754D2D5F5BF2AB9B7A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 172: 7-75" docOrigin="ZooKeys 172" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.172.1889" docTitle="Helle Osten Sacken 1896" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="51" masterDocId="EB3DCF52AE6FD804FF8BFFF3E4775766" masterDocTitle="Review of Australasian spider flies (Diptera, Acroceridae) with a revision of Panops Lamarck" masterLastPageNumber="75" masterPageNumber="7" pageNumber="47" updateTime="1732488723782" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="485C1076A8C5C4E33E3F2060A4121906">Review of Australasian spider flies (Diptera, Acroceridae) with a revision of Panops Lamarck</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="1D128A4CBCB099C7ED44EF7888F816BD" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="A8609D2386719091887A56FAD8569D72">Winterton, Shaun L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="353A1B60A5D33ED17B15FC90F8B6558E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="3111DCFCD1B1E6A135A40CFC250D42E1">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="D47B41906DE8882FE32992DFD83900FA">
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<mods:date id="B92DB20539BBB02D0BB8D89B809AB4BA">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="08D1AF0C90588FA75C3E08EAA5D32D55" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="91F28CAD15A468898621BEDDE1C9228E">172</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="B32BC236C5E25CFF65502E59E385F07C" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="63E5186BBBA74D36F3C933BA15A7FFCB">7</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="377C676C7243AC05A279688CAEB39090">75</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="84A3CF0B1584450907C36283E413AB1B">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.172.1889</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="5D3DE1B397682382C7F8BBA1EB5983A2">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="5A54E3167615C7A241B3B3A274919A03" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.172.1889</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9619FAB720605EACFE0988C3885F7902" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-172-7</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="30D8B550CC4BE4FD97D81238EDCD2D45" type="ZooBank">F365ECC1-1271-4740-B3FD-867D1C6A9532</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="755344D8767767754D2D5F5BF2AB9B7A" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152033403" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:755344D8767767754D2D5F5BF2AB9B7A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/755344D8767767754D2D5F5BF2AB9B7A" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="40" pageNumber="47" scope_family="Acroceridae" scope_order="Diptera" scope_subFamily="Philopotinae">
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<subSubSection id="0817211C8A62458A8407CD25E50BB252" pageId="40" pageNumber="47" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="B7B3AA0CDEB0FAA472BC8003317C7964" pageId="40" pageNumber="47">
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<taxonomicName id="858BD8E45D6E31A22AC539B9BD686BC5" ID-CoL="637CS" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Helle" authority="Osten Sacken, 1896" authorityName="Osten Sacken" authorityYear="1896" class="Insecta" family="Acroceridae" genus="Helle" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helle" order="Diptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helle Osten Sacken, 1896</taxonomicName>
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Figs 3A56-59
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BFCD09F865089C0494913A42A33905EC" pageId="40" pageNumber="47" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="D378EAE91CF488A68096151753422C3C" pageId="40" pageNumber="47">
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<taxonomicName id="7796850012E483BDCEF098678FB8D3E7" class="Insecta" family="Acroceridae" genus="Helle" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helle" order="Diptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helle</taxonomicName>
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Osten Sacken, 1896: 16 -
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<bibRefCitation id="BDCA8A40EA21A777DB0760D2B170842A" pageId="40" pageNumber="47">Hutton 1901</bibRefCitation>
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: 28;
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<bibRefCitation id="2F06091B8DA7FCE85D2207767A15CE90" author="Paramonov, SJ" journalOrPublisher="Pacific Science" pageId="59" pageNumber="66" pagination="16 - 25" title="New Zealand Cyrtidae (Diptera) and the problem of the Pacific island fauna." volume="9" year="1955">Paramonov 1955</bibRefCitation>
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: 21;
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<bibRefCitation id="1D036AB1E1980E5557355C177C98B1C6" author="Schlinger, EI" editor="Evenhuis, NL" journalOrPublisher="Bishop Museum Press," pageId="60" pageNumber="67" pagination="375 - 37" title="Family Acroceridae." volume="86" volumeTitle="Catalog of Diptera of the Australasian and Oceanian regions. Bishop Museum Special Publication." year="1989">Schlinger and Jefferies 1989</bibRefCitation>
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: 376. Type species:
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<taxonomicName id="7BADBC2307EFE1CD1426B8D8CB609B49" class="Insecta" family="Acroceridae" genus="Acrocera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acrocera longirostris" order="Diptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longirostris">Acrocera longirostris</taxonomicName>
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Hudson, 1892: 56 by monotypy.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="277D2FF86D5D1921BE80FC8EC12064DD" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="41" pageNumber="48" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="BDCA04961367342B53A5F8A1F968EAE2" pageId="41" pageNumber="48">
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<pageBreakToken id="6C113CD1CCAA3265F8675F85CDED1875" pageId="41" pageNumber="48" start="start">Diagnosis</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5B2DD78C605910DBF41F80C6ED7E866E" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="41" pageNumber="48">
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Body length: 4.0-6.0 mm [male], 6.0-7.0 mm [female]. Body shape strongly arched; colouration non-metallic (brown or black); head size slightly narrower than thorax width, shape sub-spherical; postocular ridge and occiput rounded; three ocelli, anterior ocellus reduced in size; posterior margin of eye rounded; eye apilose; position of antennae on head near middle of frons; eyes contiguous above
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<pageBreakToken id="9B827371C9F6E16CD7345FA8E1B10A26" pageId="42" pageNumber="49" start="start">antennal</pageBreakToken>
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base, not contiguous below antennal base; palpus present; proboscis greater than head length; flagellum stylate, apex with terminal seta; postpronotal lobes enlarged, medially contiguous to form collar; subscutellum enlarged; legs not elongated; wing markings absent; costa ending near wing apex, costal margin straight; humeral crossvein absent; radial veins straight or curved towards wing anterior margin; R1 inflated distally at pterostigma; pterostigma and cell r1 membranous, not ribbed; R2+3 present; R4+5 angled anteriorly approximately midway; cell r4+5 bisected by 2r-m, basal cell very narrow elongate, closed; 2r-m joining M1 to R4+5; cell r4+5 present, narrow elongate, closed (open apically when 2r-m rarely absent); crossvein 2r-m present (rarely absent);R4 without spur vein; medial vein compliment with M1, M2 and M3 present (M3 fused with CuA1); discal cell closed completely; medial veins not reaching wing margin; CuA1 joining M3, petiolate to margin; CuA2 fused to A1 before wing margin, petiolate; wing microtrichia absent; anal lobe well developed; alula well developed; abdominal tergites smooth, rounded; abdomen shape elongate, narrow cylindrical or conical (male), or rounded and inflated (female).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="B7238BB70A3178649214F15A9844D11F" pageId="42" pageNumber="49">
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<paragraph id="4EE3BB043E06ED6181A78FBF4531E672" pageId="42" pageNumber="49">
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Figure 56.
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<taxonomicName id="6762B159F10B6C99B62EEDC932763F1F" class="Insecta" family="Acroceridae" genus="Helle" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helle longirostris" order="Diptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longirostris">Helle longirostris</taxonomicName>
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(Hudson), male, lateral view [700556]. Body length = 5.0 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="4B07CA1FDFF11565F99F1A675291AA22" pageId="42" pageNumber="49">
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<paragraph id="25F26F3DA03BE32F5A6C5F0EAAB1416B" pageId="42" pageNumber="49">
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Figure 57.
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<taxonomicName id="C0E5B643E22BDDA83FC506CAE99C389E" class="Insecta" family="Acroceridae" genus="Helle" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helle longirostris" order="Diptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longirostris">Helle longirostris</taxonomicName>
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(Hudson), female, lateral view [700557]. Body length = 5.5 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="0016E4B441DB0D5A4C4B5AF0C04326AD" pageId="42" pageNumber="49">
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<paragraph id="0B06C851DC92F1889435625AD1122747" pageId="42" pageNumber="49">
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Figure 58.
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<taxonomicName id="4237108E1F4E7466EBEF303D4AEF7116" class="Insecta" family="Acroceridae" genus="Helle" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helle rufescens" order="Diptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufescens">Helle rufescens</taxonomicName>
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Brunetti, male, lateral view [700558]. Body length = 8.5 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="67ED160783769AA65426CF8E84ED3DD4" pageId="42" pageNumber="49">
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<paragraph id="A0CEBD152ED06B53C84F18002FB92135" pageId="42" pageNumber="49">
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Figure 59.
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<taxonomicName id="31836076ABA0CD04F499F995F1B02BA5" class="Insecta" family="Acroceridae" genus="Helle" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helle rufescens" order="Diptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufescens">Helle rufescens</taxonomicName>
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Brunetti, female, lateral view [700559]. Body length = 7.0 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1E4CF1032DFE5569985F0BBF82B375D7" pageId="43" pageNumber="50" type="included species">
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<paragraph id="117FB7811B62481C99FF6D199CABF227" pageId="43" pageNumber="50">
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<pageBreakToken id="2E086581C96041D9113740B255C2A0DA" pageId="43" pageNumber="50" start="start">Included</pageBreakToken>
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species.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B2D06256A89D4CFACCE555F0B94C8425" pageId="43" pageNumber="50">
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<taxonomicName id="9425811F50F25C531943C800B46CF10E" class="Insecta" family="Acroceridae" genus="Helle" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helle longirostris" order="Diptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longirostris">Helle longirostris</taxonomicName>
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(Hudson, 1892);
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<taxonomicName id="70098CE523CB6959CB9BA1DEAB631A26" class="Insecta" family="Acroceridae" genus="Helle" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helle rufescens" order="Diptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufescens">Helle rufescens</taxonomicName>
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Brunetti, 1926.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="827F57CC79B0B2A3D865D3F54C9FF10A" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="43" pageNumber="50" type="comments">
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<paragraph id="7EC83A5B900BD7BBF8E308497670BBC7" pageId="43" pageNumber="50">Comments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="72932FD3AC1ECF4625262240447EFB07" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="43" pageNumber="50">
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<taxonomicName id="1824FC9F282BF481E79676F699EB7E16" class="Insecta" family="Acroceridae" genus="Helle" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helle" order="Diptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helle</taxonomicName>
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is an endemic genus to New Zealand that is closely related to
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<taxonomicName id="3C6A0BD45FD4A90ACEDD0B2CBD29C1BC" class="Insecta" family="Acroceridae" genus="Schlingeriella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schlingeriella" order="Diptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Schlingeriella</taxonomicName>
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, the only other philopotine genus in the region (
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<bibRefCitation id="1E12F0C8B0AE4809835263C3DA8DF6E8" author="Gillung, J" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="58" pageNumber="65" pagination="15 - 27" title="New genera of philopotine spider flies (Diptera, Acroceridae) with a key to living and fossil genera." url="10.3897/zookeys.127.1824" volume="127" year="2011">Gillung and Winterton 2011</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EA82B9BD040667A244D6B5D782874E35" author="Winterton, SL" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="60" pageNumber="67" pagination="808 - 832" title="Phylogeny and Bayesian divergence time estimations of small-headed flies (Diptera: Acroceridae) using multiple molecular markers." volume="43" year="2007">Winterton et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
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). Characteristics supporting this closerelationship include thickening of wing vein R1 at the pterostigma, elongate mouthparts, apilose eyes, 2r-m absent (rarely in
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<taxonomicName id="BDD4809C96DCA5C5D6218360789D6538" class="Insecta" family="Acroceridae" genus="Helle" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helle" order="Diptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helle</taxonomicName>
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) and R4+5 angled anteriorly approximately half way along vein.
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<taxonomicName id="CABAE6C7F5107D461A84F1706811F2AF" class="Insecta" family="Acroceridae" genus="Helle" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helle" order="Diptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<pageBreakToken id="8F5F69025CC7E057EB246507533A0E7C" pageId="44" pageNumber="51" start="start">Helle</pageBreakToken>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be differentiated from all other philopotine genera based on the relatively complete wing venation, inflated R1 at pterostigma, palpi present and apilose eyes.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3C39B86AFEFE9549E8A33370D29AB273" pageId="44" pageNumber="51" type="key to helle species">
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<paragraph id="B1C98584D25792AA4E3F733D789F5104" pageId="44" pageNumber="51">
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Key to
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<taxonomicName id="BA5A6A5EED17D7B40B663AD1EF1C9EAE" class="Insecta" family="Acroceridae" genus="Helle" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helle" order="Diptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helle</taxonomicName>
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species
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="64ADE0C69B567E0CA8BFD983A375EB50" pageId="44" pageNumber="51">
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<table id="A4987191A66701DEBDA1D84C1681A849" pageId="44" pageNumber="51">
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<tr id="4374A422574AD40D10F15B91DE6A66CA" pageId="44" pageNumber="51">
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<td id="2085AF72195A0CBCF33AC6A8BCE7214B" colspan="1" pageId="44" pageNumber="51" rowspan="1">Figs 56-57</td>
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<td id="8A5FE65A27F4540742E7258256FE5426" colspan="1" pageId="44" pageNumber="51" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName id="86187DEE25AC6781E0E40319DC80831E" class="Insecta" family="Acroceridae" genus="Helle" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helle longirostris" order="Diptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longirostris">Helle longirostris</taxonomicName>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr id="16A9DCA7FFFB64B0EF35DF6AF5B1FDA0" pageId="44" pageNumber="51">
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<td id="D33A45405B143971C5A21131D91BCAAE" colspan="1" pageId="44" pageNumber="51" rowspan="1">Figs 58-59</td>
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<td id="EB652297D6E532A89ED1D73DAD0CA9A1" colspan="1" pageId="44" pageNumber="51" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName id="FE6A61B3E253E65002D2A65989CA04BC" class="Insecta" family="Acroceridae" genus="Helle" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helle rufescens" order="Diptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufescens">Helle rufescens</taxonomicName>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |