276 lines
30 KiB
XML
276 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3791604" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2bb0a745-07bd-4df6-99e7-4d8a6b242aa5" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163977042" ID-ISSN="1313–2970" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3791604" ID-ZooBank="DB5973A9-8CF6-400B-87C4-7A4521BD3117" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:FE124EB4-D388-4C05-B1F4-B648AC935329" checkinTime="1587971617180" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Dunlop, Jason & Mitov, Plamen" docDate="2009" docId="0392774B78441070B6DD531FFDB0F90C" docLanguage="en" docName="ZK_article_2024.pdf" docOrigin="ZooKeys 16" docStyle="DocumentStylede.uka.ipd.idaho.easyIO.settings.Settings@18c8ecf5" docStyleName="zookeys.2008.journal_article" docTitle="Amilenus deltshevi Dunlop & Mitov 2009, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="FE124EB4-D388-4C05-B1F4-B648AC935329" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="366" masterDocId="FFAB0F3378551063B6515743FFCCFF8B" masterDocTitle="Fossil harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones) from Bitterfeld amber" masterLastPageNumber="375" masterPageNumber="347" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" updateTime="1643568438625" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Fossil harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones) from Bitterfeld amber</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Dunlop, Jason</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin, Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Mitov, Plamen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>University of Sofia, Sofia ,, Bulgaria</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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||
<mods:titleInfo>
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||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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||
</mods:titleInfo>
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||
<mods:part>
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||
<mods:date>2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2009-07-29</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>16</mods:number>
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||
</mods:detail>
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||
<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>347</mods:start>
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<mods:end>375</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.16.224</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">2bb0a745-07bd-4df6-99e7-4d8a6b242aa5</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1313–2970</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576490</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">DB5973A9-8CF6-400B-87C4-7A4521BD3117</mods:identifier>
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||
</mods:mods>
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||
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3791604" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163977042" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3791604" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:FE124EB4-D388-4C05-B1F4-B648AC935329" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0392774B78441070B6DD531FFDB0F90C" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="366" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">
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<subSubSection box="[140,432,1116,1143]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="17.[140,967,1116,1214]" box="[140,432,1116,1143]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">
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||
<heading box="[140,432,1116,1143]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" reason="3">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,432,1116,1143]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">
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||
<taxonomicName authority="Dunlop & Mitov, 2009" authorityName="Dunlop & Mitov" authorityYear="2009" box="[140,361,1116,1143]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Amilenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deltshevi" status="sp. n.">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,361,1116,1143]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">
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||
<emphasis box="[140,250,1116,1143]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" reason="1">Amilenus</emphasis>
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deltshevi
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[367,432,1117,1143]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="364" type="description">
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||
<paragraph blockId="17.[140,967,1116,1214]" box="[140,967,1152,1179]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">
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||
<uri box="[140,967,1152,1179]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">
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||
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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||
<uuid box="[422,967,1152,1179]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">FE124EB4-D388-4C05-B1F4-B648AC935329</uuid>
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||
</uri>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph blockId="17.[140,967,1116,1214]" box="[140,343,1187,1214]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">
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||
<figureCitation box="[140,263,1187,1214]" captionStart="Figure 20-22" captionStartId="19.[140,212,1316,1338]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,1296]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[140,1108,165,1297]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 20-22. Fossil and Recent Amilenus. 20 Amilenus deltshevi sp. n., M.BA 1659 (holotype), from Bitterfeld amber (Palaeogene: Oligocene) 21 A. deltshevi sp. n. M.BA 1660 (paratype), also from Bitterfeld amber 22 Juvenile Amilenus aurantiacus (Simon, 1881) (Recent harvestman for comparison), note the medial apophysis on the patella (arrowed). Scale bars equal 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814844" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814844/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Figs 20-21</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[275,343,1187,1213]" captionStart="Figures 23-26" captionStartId="20.[140,222,1526,1548]" captionTargetBox="[144,1105,191,1493]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[136,1108,183,1491]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figures 23-26. Amilenus deltshevi sp. n. Camera lucida drawings of the specimens shown in 20-21. 23 MB.A 1659 (holotype), from Bitterfeld amber (Eocene: Oligocene) 24 the same, detail of the pedipalp showing the patellar apophysis (arrowed) 25 MB.A 1660 (paratype) 26 the same, detail of the anterior prosoma and pedipalps showing the patella apophysis (arrowed). Scale bars equal 1.0 mm (23, 25), 0.2 mm (24, 26)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814846" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814846/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">23-26</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="364" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="17.[140,1108,1258,1672]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2610756303" collectionCode="MB" country="Germany" county="Palaeogene" location="Bitterfeld" municipality="Bitterfeld" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" specimenCode="A 1659" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sachsen-Anhalt" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,252,1258,1284]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" reason="1">
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<typeStatus box="[140,252,1258,1284]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
</emphasis>
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.
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<collectionCode box="[269,314,1258,1284]" country="Portugal" name="Universidade de Lisboa, Museu Bocage" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">MB</collectionCode>
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||
.
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<specimenCode box="[317,407,1258,1285]" collectionCode="MB" country="Portugal" name="Universidade de Lisboa, Museu Bocage" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">A 1659</specimenCode>
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||
.
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392774B78441070B6DD531FFDB0F90C:8EE4908678441072B7F053A9FDC6FA8F" box="[417,522,1258,1284]" country="Germany" county="Palaeogene" municipality="Bitterfeld" name="Bitterfeld" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" stateProvince="Sachsen-Anhalt">Bitterfeld</location>
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amber, probably from the site of the
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392774B78441070B6DD531FFDB0F90C:8EE4908678441072B5F953A9FBC7FA8F" box="[936,1035,1258,1284]" country="Germany" county="Palaeogene" municipality="Bitterfeld" name="Goitsche" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" stateProvince="Sachsen-Anhalt">Goitsche</location>
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opencast
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392774B78441070B6DD531FFDB0F90C:8EE4908678441072B6EA524EFF3BFAAC" box="[187,247,1293,1319]" country="Germany" county="Palaeogene" municipality="Bitterfeld" name="Mine" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" stateProvince="Sachsen-Anhalt">Mine</location>
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near
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<collectingMunicipality box="[306,415,1293,1319]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Bitterfeld</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingRegion box="[424,601,1293,1319]" country="Germany" name="Sachsen-Anhalt" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Sachsen-Anhalt</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[610,718,1293,1319]" name="Germany" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Germany</collectingCountry>
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;
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<collectingCounty box="[728,850,1293,1319]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Palaeogene</collectingCounty>
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(Oligocene: Chattian).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="17.[140,1108,1258,1672]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,436,1328,1354]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">
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<emphasis box="[185,315,1328,1354]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" reason="1">Additional</emphasis>
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material.
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</emphasis>
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<collectionCode box="[448,496,1328,1354]" country="Portugal" name="Universidade de Lisboa, Museu Bocage" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">MB</collectionCode>
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.A. 1660 (
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<typeStatus box="[619,725,1328,1354]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">paratype</typeStatus>
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). From the same locality as the
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<typeStatus box="[140,245,1363,1389]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="364" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph blockId="17.[140,1108,1258,1672]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,312,1398,1424]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">
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<emphasis box="[185,307,1398,1424]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" reason="1">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Fossil
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Martens" authorityYear="1969" box="[394,495,1399,1425]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Amilenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[394,495,1399,1425]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Amilenus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species with a distinct form of the apophysis on the pedipalpal patella.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="364" type="etymology">
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<paragraph blockId="17.[140,1108,1258,1672]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,320,1469,1495]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">
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<emphasis box="[185,315,1469,1495]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" reason="1">Etymology</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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In honour of Prof. Christo Deltshev (
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<collectingRegion box="[758,817,1469,1496]" country="Bulgaria" name="Sofiya-Grad" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Sofia</collectingRegion>
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) in recognition of his extensive contributions to arachnology and on the occasion of his 70
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<superScript attach="left" box="[892,906,1503,1517]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">th</superScript>
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birthday.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="365" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="17.[140,1108,1258,1672]" lastBlockId="18.[140,1108,167,1672]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="365" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,335,1539,1565]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">
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<emphasis box="[185,330,1539,1565]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" reason="1">Description</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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The
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<typeStatus box="[396,495,1539,1565]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">holotype</typeStatus>
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(MB.A. 1659,
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<figureCitation box="[674,759,1539,1566]" captionStart="Figure 20-22" captionStartId="19.[140,212,1316,1338]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,1296]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[140,1108,165,1297]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 20-22. Fossil and Recent Amilenus. 20 Amilenus deltshevi sp. n., M.BA 1659 (holotype), from Bitterfeld amber (Palaeogene: Oligocene) 21 A. deltshevi sp. n. M.BA 1660 (paratype), also from Bitterfeld amber 22 Juvenile Amilenus aurantiacus (Simon, 1881) (Recent harvestman for comparison), note the medial apophysis on the patella (arrowed). Scale bars equal 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814844" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814844/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Figs 20</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[773,842,1540,1566]" captionStart="Figures 23-26" captionStartId="20.[140,222,1526,1548]" captionTargetBox="[144,1105,191,1493]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[136,1108,183,1491]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figures 23-26. Amilenus deltshevi sp. n. Camera lucida drawings of the specimens shown in 20-21. 23 MB.A 1659 (holotype), from Bitterfeld amber (Eocene: Oligocene) 24 the same, detail of the pedipalp showing the patellar apophysis (arrowed) 25 MB.A 1660 (paratype) 26 the same, detail of the anterior prosoma and pedipalps showing the patella apophysis (arrowed). Scale bars equal 1.0 mm (23, 25), 0.2 mm (24, 26)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814846" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814846/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">23-24</figureCitation>
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) is an almost complete specimen in lateral view. Body ovoid, length ca.
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<quantity box="[681,773,1575,1601]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
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; details of body, ocular tubercle and mouthparts equivocal. Pedipalps well-preserved, with article lengths (in mm) of: femur, 0.21; patella, 0.14; tibia, 0.16; tarsus, 0.4. Patella with a distinct, bluntly- pointed, mesal apophysis bearing a number of stout spines. Tibia slightly inflated distally and also bearing stout mesal spines in this distal region. Tarsus slightly expanded distally; apotele present as a short, curving, distal claw. Legs relatively complete; all elongate and slender, and when preserved at their full length ending in a single, claw like apotele. Leg 1 with article lengths in (mm) of: femur, 0.56; patella, 0.19, tibia, 0.47; metatarsus and tarsus (boundary indistinct) 1.75. Leg 2 with article lengths in (mm) of: femur, 1.19; patella, 0.22; tibia 1.72, metatarsus and tarsus (boundary indistinct) at least 1.47, but full length not preserved. Leg 3 less completely known, patella
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||
<quantity box="[140,232,448,475]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="18" pageNumber="365" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
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||
; tibia
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<quantity box="[299,407,448,475]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" pageId="18" pageNumber="365" unit="mm" value="0.58">0.58 mm</quantity>
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. Leg 4 with article length in mm of: femur c. 0.8; patella, 0.19; tibia, 0.75, metatarsus and tarsus (boundary indistinct), 3.0.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="18.[140,1108,167,1672]" pageId="18" pageNumber="365">
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The
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<typeStatus box="[237,334,519,545]" pageId="18" pageNumber="365">paratype</typeStatus>
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||
MB.A. 1660 (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[503,591,519,545]" captionStart="Figure 20-22" captionStartId="19.[140,212,1316,1338]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,1296]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[140,1108,165,1297]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 20-22. Fossil and Recent Amilenus. 20 Amilenus deltshevi sp. n., M.BA 1659 (holotype), from Bitterfeld amber (Palaeogene: Oligocene) 21 A. deltshevi sp. n. M.BA 1660 (paratype), also from Bitterfeld amber 22 Juvenile Amilenus aurantiacus (Simon, 1881) (Recent harvestman for comparison), note the medial apophysis on the patella (arrowed). Scale bars equal 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814844" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814844/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="365">Figs 21</figureCitation>
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||
,
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||
<figureCitation box="[605,674,518,545]" captionStart="Figures 23-26" captionStartId="20.[140,222,1526,1548]" captionTargetBox="[144,1105,191,1493]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[136,1108,183,1491]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figures 23-26. Amilenus deltshevi sp. n. Camera lucida drawings of the specimens shown in 20-21. 23 MB.A 1659 (holotype), from Bitterfeld amber (Eocene: Oligocene) 24 the same, detail of the pedipalp showing the patellar apophysis (arrowed) 25 MB.A 1660 (paratype) 26 the same, detail of the anterior prosoma and pedipalps showing the patella apophysis (arrowed). Scale bars equal 1.0 mm (23, 25), 0.2 mm (24, 26)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814846" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814846/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="365">25-26</figureCitation>
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||
) is an almost complete specimen best seen in dorsal view, but missing the second pair of legs and the dorsal surface of the opisthosoma. Body oval to rectangular, length c.
|
||
<quantity box="[696,768,589,616]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="365" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
; width of prosoma 0.7; width of opisthosoma 0.75. Ocularium present on the propeltidium, fairly large in proportion to the rest of the body; possibly hinting at a juvenile. Length
|
||
<quantity box="[904,1028,660,686]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7399999999999998" pageId="18" pageNumber="365" unit="mm" value="0.174">0.174 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width
|
||
<quantity box="[140,264,694,721]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" pageId="18" pageNumber="365" unit="mm" value="0.215">0.215 mm</quantity>
|
||
, distance from ocular tubercle to the front of prosoma
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||
<quantity box="[899,1024,695,721]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="18" pageNumber="365" unit="mm" value="0.11">0.110 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Meso- and metapeltidium, together with the tergal region of the opisthosoma equivocal. Pedipalps quite well-preserved. Both patella and to a lesser extent tibia express mesal apophyses, with fairly dense setation along the entire mesal surface of these articles. Leg 1 with article lengths (in mm) of: femur, 0.95; patella, 0.23; tibia, 1.02; metatarsus, 0.79; tarsus, 1.44. Some annulation of the tarsus preserved, but details lacking. Leg 2 only known from an incomplete femur on the left side. Leg 3 with article lengths (in mm) of: femur, 0.78; patella, 0.20; tibia, 1.02; metatarsal-tarsal division, indistinct but length together 2.8. Annulation of the tarsus into at least 12 elements and the distal apotele in the form of a single curving claw also visible in this limb. Leg 4 with article lengths (in mm) of: femur, 0.1.42; patella, 0.21; tibia, 1.28; metatarsal-tarsal division, indistinct but length together at least 1.8.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="366" pageId="18" pageNumber="365" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="18.[140,1108,167,1672]" pageId="18" pageNumber="365">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,298,1117,1143]" pageId="18" pageNumber="365">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,293,1117,1143]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="365" reason="1">Remarks</emphasis>
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.
|
||
</emphasis>
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||
The key character in both these specimens is the mesal apophysis on the patella of the pedipalp (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[451,581,1152,1178]" captionStart="Figures 23-26" captionStartId="20.[140,222,1526,1548]" captionTargetBox="[144,1105,191,1493]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[136,1108,183,1491]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figures 23-26. Amilenus deltshevi sp. n. Camera lucida drawings of the specimens shown in 20-21. 23 MB.A 1659 (holotype), from Bitterfeld amber (Eocene: Oligocene) 24 the same, detail of the pedipalp showing the patellar apophysis (arrowed) 25 MB.A 1660 (paratype) 26 the same, detail of the anterior prosoma and pedipalps showing the patella apophysis (arrowed). Scale bars equal 1.0 mm (23, 25), 0.2 mm (24, 26)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814846" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814846/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="365">Figs 24, 26</figureCitation>
|
||
, arrowed). Not as long as the apophysis of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Doleschall" authorityYear="1852" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Dicranopalpus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="18" pageNumber="365" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="365">Dicranopalpus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see above), it closely matches the gross morphology of extant species such as
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Simon, 1881)" baseAuthorityName="Simon" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[170,582,1223,1249]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Amilenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="18" pageNumber="365" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[170,405,1223,1249]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="365">Amilenus aurantiacus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Simon" box="[422,574,1223,1249]" firstAuthor="Simon" pageId="18" pageNumber="365" pagination="82 - 91" refId="ref11655" refString="Simon E (1881) Arachnides nouveax ou rares de la faune Francaise. Bulletin de la Societe zoologique de France 6: 82 - 91." type="journal article" year="1881">Simon, 1881</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[599,684,1223,1249]" captionStart="Figure 20-22" captionStartId="19.[140,212,1316,1338]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,1296]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[140,1108,165,1297]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 20-22. Fossil and Recent Amilenus. 20 Amilenus deltshevi sp. n., M.BA 1659 (holotype), from Bitterfeld amber (Palaeogene: Oligocene) 21 A. deltshevi sp. n. M.BA 1660 (paratype), also from Bitterfeld amber 22 Juvenile Amilenus aurantiacus (Simon, 1881) (Recent harvestman for comparison), note the medial apophysis on the patella (arrowed). Scale bars equal 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814844" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814844/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="365">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
, arrowed) where even juveniles – the fossils could also be subadult – express such an apophysis. Based on this we recognise these Bitterfeld fossils as a new species, and the first fossil example of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Martens" authorityYear="1969" box="[903,1004,1293,1319]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Amilenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="18" pageNumber="365" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[903,1004,1293,1319]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="365">Amilenus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Howev- er, some expected details compared to extant members of this genus, like pseudoannulation of tibiae 2 and 4 or teeth on the pedipalp claw, could not be resolved; although the latter may not be present in modern juveniles of this size (i.e. body length). In the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[140,239,1434,1460]" pageId="18" pageNumber="365">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
the ocular tubercle is probably hidden behind the legs and is rather small in extant species. Also of note is the fact that the tibia of leg
|
||
<quantity box="[833,879,1469,1495]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="18" pageNumber="365" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
|
||
modern juveniles is longer than femur; a situation paralleled by the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[679,782,1504,1530]" pageId="18" pageNumber="365">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="18.[140,1108,167,1672]" pageId="18" pageNumber="365">
|
||
One of our initial suspicions was that this new material could be conspecific with the Baltic amber species
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Koch & Berendt, 1854" authorityName="Koch & Berendt" authorityYear="1854" box="[413,817,1574,1601]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Opilio" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="18" pageNumber="365" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ovalis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[413,549,1575,1601]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="365">Opilio ovalis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Koch & Berendt" box="[555,817,1574,1601]" firstAuthor="Koch" pageId="18" pageNumber="365" refId="ref10968" refString="Koch CL, Berendt GC (1854) Die im Bernstein befindlichen Crustaceen, Myriapoden, Arachniden und Apteren der Vorwelt. Edwin Groening, Berlin, 124 pp." type="book" year="1854">Koch & Berendt, 1854</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Its
|
||
<typeStatus box="[861,960,1575,1601]" pageId="18" pageNumber="365">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
could not be traced in its expected repository in
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[537,606,1610,1636]" country="Germany" name="Berlin" pageId="18" pageNumber="365">Berlin</collectingRegion>
|
||
(cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Dunlop" box="[658,818,1610,1637]" firstAuthor="Dunlop" pageId="18" pageNumber="365" pagination="167 - 182" refId="ref10654" refString="Dunlop JA (2006) Baltic amber harvestman types (Arachnida: Opiliones: Eupnoi and Dyspnoi). Fossil Record 9: 167 - 182." type="journal article" year="2006">Dunlop 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but the original illustration implies the presence of a somewhat distally thickened and mesally rather setose
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814844" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3814844" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814844/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="366" startId="19.[140,212,1316,1338]" targetBox="[140,1108,165,1296]" targetPageId="19">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="19.[140,1107,1316,1434]" pageId="19" pageNumber="366">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,287,1316,1338]" pageId="19" pageNumber="366">Figure 20-22.</emphasis>
|
||
Fossil and Recent
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Martens" authorityYear="1969" box="[465,547,1316,1337]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Amilenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="19" pageNumber="366" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[465,547,1316,1337]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="366">Amilenus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[561,587,1316,1338]" pageId="19" pageNumber="366">20</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Dunlop & Mitov, 2009" authorityName="Dunlop & Mitov" authorityYear="2009" box="[595,760,1316,1337]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Amilenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="19" pageNumber="366" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deltshevi" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[595,760,1316,1337]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="366">Amilenus deltshevi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[768,821,1317,1338]" pageId="19" pageNumber="366" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, M.BA 1659 (
|
||
<typeStatus box="[959,1045,1316,1338]" pageId="19" pageNumber="366">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
), from Bitterfeld amber (Palaeogene: Oligocene)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[528,555,1348,1370]" pageId="19" pageNumber="366">2 1</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Dunlop & Mitov, 2009" authorityName="Dunlop & Mitov" authorityYear="2009" box="[562,664,1348,1370]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Amilenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="19" pageNumber="366" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deltshevi" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[562,664,1348,1370]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="366">A. deltshevi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[671,722,1349,1370]" pageId="19" pageNumber="366" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
M.BA 1660 (
|
||
<typeStatus box="[853,937,1348,1370]" pageId="19" pageNumber="366">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
), also from Bitterfeld amber
|
||
<specimenCount box="[248,357,1380,1402]" pageId="19" pageNumber="366" type="juvenile">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[248,274,1380,1402]" pageId="19" pageNumber="366">22</emphasis>
|
||
Juvenile
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Simon, 1881)" baseAuthorityName="Simon" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[364,702,1380,1402]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Amilenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="19" pageNumber="366" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[364,557,1380,1402]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="366">Amilenus aurantiacus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Simon" box="[571,695,1380,1402]" firstAuthor="Simon" pageId="19" pageNumber="366" pagination="82 - 91" refId="ref11655" refString="Simon E (1881) Arachnides nouveax ou rares de la faune Francaise. Bulletin de la Societe zoologique de France 6: 82 - 91." type="journal article" year="1881">Simon, 1881</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Recent harvestman for comparison), note the medial apophysis on the patella (arrowed). Scale bars equal 1.0 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="19.[140,1108,1504,1672]" pageId="19" pageNumber="366">
|
||
pedipalp patella. However, the Bitterfeld material differs from the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Koch & Berendt" authorityYear="1854" box="[882,977,1504,1531]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Opilio" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="19" pageNumber="366" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ovalis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[882,977,1504,1531]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="366">O. ovalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
illustration in having a distinct, projecting apophysis on the patella and strong setae on the tibia too. We are fairly certain that
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Koch & Berendt" authorityYear="1854" box="[489,587,1575,1601]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Opilio" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="19" pageNumber="366" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ovalis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[489,587,1575,1601]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="366">O. ovalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is misplaced at the genus level, but since the focus of the present paper is the Bitterfeld deposit, we will address this question fully in future work on Baltic amber harvestmen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |