188 lines
19 KiB
XML
188 lines
19 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="8F15671B72EFCFB4F9663593245CD806">On the species-group taxa of Taiwanese social wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) described and / or treated by J. Sonan</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D7696065E0BB35AA483F48CA49ADC202">Kojima, Jun-Ichi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="EB8574B87A8D5908E25B58F67E659FB3">Saito, Fuki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E72E3A09C75EF333C58B8A3EF4661045">Nguyen, Lien Thi Phuong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="EF6F922F0BC2105B658153C373B5CF66">2011</mods:date>
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<treatment id="AD7C879B1C0FFFAC5CD8FBADFD88F875" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6191386" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119411983" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6191386" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AD7C879B1C0FFFAC5CD8FBADFD88F875" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AD7C879B1C0FFFAC5CD8FBADFD88F875" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="14" pageNumber="56">
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<subSubSection id="6DCF65061C0FFFAC5CD8FBADFCC7FBF0" box="[151,877,1050,1075]" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="256A368D1C0FFFAC5CD8FBADFCC7FBF0" blockId="14.[151,877,1050,1075]" box="[151,877,1050,1075]" pageId="14" pageNumber="56">
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<heading id="7E2281E11C0FFFAC5CD8FBADFCC7FBF0" bold="true" box="[151,877,1050,1075]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="17A1EA9F1C0FFFAC5CD8FBADFCC7FBF0" bold="true" box="[151,877,1050,1075]" pageId="14" pageNumber="56">
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<taxonomicName id="E2D54D0E1C0FFFAC5CD8FBADFE44FBF0" ID-CoL="5B9VX" authority="Sonan 1929" authorityName="Sonan" authorityYear="1929" box="[151,494,1050,1075]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="karenkona">
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<emphasis id="17A1EA9F1C0FFFAC5CD8FBADFEF7FBF0" bold="true" box="[151,349,1050,1075]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="56">Vespa karenkona</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="41444B7C1C0FFFAC5D2BFBACFE44FBF0" author="Sonan" box="[356,494,1050,1075]" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" refString="Sonan, J. (1929) On Ve sp a from Formosa (1). Transactions of the Natural History Society of Formosa, 19, 136 - 149, pl. 6. (In Japanese)." type="journal article" year="1929">Sonan 1929</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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[
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<taxonomicName id="E2D54D0E1C0FFFAC5DB1FBACFCCCFBF0" authority="Smith 1870" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1870" box="[510,870,1050,1075]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flaviceps">
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<emphasis id="17A1EA9F1C0FFFAC5DB1FBACFD6EFBF0" bold="true" box="[510,708,1050,1075]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="56">Vespula flaviceps</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="41444B7C1C0FFFAC5E9CFBACFCF4FBF0" author="Smith" box="[723,862,1050,1075]" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" refString="Horne, C. & Smith, F. (1870) Notes on the habits of some hymenopterous insects from the North-west Province of India, with an appendix, containing descriptions of some new species of Apidae and Vespidae collected by Mr. Horne. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London, 7 (3), 161 - 196, pls. 19 - 22." type="journal article" year="1870">Smith 1870</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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]
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6DCF65061C0FFFAC5CD8FBD5FD88F875" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="256A368D1C0FFFAC5CD8FBD5FDD2F8E5" blockId="14.[151,1437,1122,1974]" pageId="14" pageNumber="56">
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<emphasis id="17A1EA9F1C0FFFAC5CD8FBD5FEECFBB8" bold="true" box="[151,326,1122,1147]" pageId="14" pageNumber="56">
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<typeStatus id="FA6E882F1C0FFFAC5CD8FBD5FF78FBB8" box="[151,210,1123,1147]" pageId="14" pageNumber="56">Type</typeStatus>
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material.
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</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="41444B7C1C0FFFAC5D00FBD4FD88FBB9" author="Sonan" box="[335,546,1122,1146]" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" refString="Sonan, J. (1929) On Ve sp a from Formosa (1). Transactions of the Natural History Society of Formosa, 19, 136 - 149, pl. 6. (In Japanese)." type="journal article" year="1929">Sonan (1929: 148)</bibRefCitation>
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described this nominal taxon based on 3 Ƥ with the collection data “Karenkô (
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<quantity id="E22D9B681C0FFFAC5CD1FB30FE91FB5D" box="[158,315,1158,1182]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4478" metricValueMax="1.9812" metricValueMin="0.9144" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" unit="ft" value="4750.0" valueMax="6500.0" valueMin="3000.0">3000–6500 ft</quantity>
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.),
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<date id="516B104D1C0FFFAC5D1CFB30FD9AFB5D" box="[339,560,1158,1182]" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" value="1919-07-20" valueMax="1919-08-04" valueMin="1919-07-20">20.VII–4.VIII.1919</date>
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(Coll. T. Okuni, J. Sonan, K. Yoshino)”. Sonan intended to designate the
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<typeStatus id="FA6E882F1C0FFFAC592EFB30FF6DFB00" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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and
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<typeStatus id="FA6E882F1C0FFFAC5CB0FB1DFEC7FB00" box="[255,365,1195,1219]" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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, and he mentioned “
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<typeStatus id="FA6E882F1C0FFFAC5E1CFB1CFD3BFB01" box="[595,657,1194,1218]" pageId="14" pageNumber="56">Type</typeStatus>
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: Body length
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<quantity id="E22D9B681C0FFFAC5F61FB1CFCD7FB01" box="[814,893,1194,1218]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
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Wing span
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<quantity id="E22D9B681C0FFFAC584BFB1CFBFEFB01" box="[1028,1108,1194,1218]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="23.0">23 mm</quantity>
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(length of fore wing
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<quantity id="E22D9B681C0FFFAC5909FB1CFA32FB01" box="[1350,1432,1194,1218]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
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.
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<typeStatus id="FA6E882F1C0FFFAC5CD8FB79FF57FB24" box="[151,253,1231,1255]" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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: Body length
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<quantity id="E22D9B681C0FFFAC5DD9FB78FDBBFB25" box="[406,529,1230,1254]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="13.0" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="12.0">12–14 mm</quantity>
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. Wing span around
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<quantity id="E22D9B681C0FFFAC5EA2FB78FC91FB25" box="[749,827,1230,1254]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="23.0">23 mm</quantity>
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(length of fore wing around
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<quantity id="E22D9B681C0FFFAC5834FB78FB66FB25" box="[1147,1228,1230,1254]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
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||
)” [in Japanese]. In the description of characteristics, he referred to variations in the marking pattern of the clypeus in a rather ambiguous way in terms of the
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<typeStatus id="FA6E882F1C0FFFAC5DEDFAA0FDAEFAED" box="[418,516,1302,1326]" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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designation. That is, he mentioned that “the clypeus has a dark ferruginous, longitudinal, median line, which does not reach to mid-length of the clypeus” [in Japanese], which would have been the state in the specimen that Sonan intended to designate as the
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<typeStatus id="FA6E882F1C0FFFAC5F03FAE8FC1BFAB5" box="[844,945,1374,1398]" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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. Then he gave variation in parentheses that “this line varies with individuals, such that the line is medially interrupted to become spots or completely disappeared” [in Japanese]; these two states could have been of the two specimens that Sonan intended to designate as the
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<typeStatus id="FA6E882F1C0FFFAC5C8FFA7DFE85FA20" box="[192,303,1483,1507]" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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. In
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<collectionCode id="43C4AE481C0FFFAC5D17FA7DFE30FA20" box="[344,410,1483,1507]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a13e-ta1z" name="Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute" pageId="14" pageNumber="56">TARI</collectionCode>
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, there are 3 Ƥ with the same collection data and identification labels, “
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<collectingCountry id="5DC2761D1C0FFFAC58FFFA7CFABFFA21" box="[1200,1301,1482,1506]" name="Taiwan" pageId="14" pageNumber="56">Formosa</collectingCountry>
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/ Karenko, -19. /
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<date id="516B104D1C0FFFAC5C94FA59FE28F9C5" box="[219,386,1518,1542]" pageId="14" pageNumber="56">VII 20–VIII 4.</date>
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/ T. Okuni, / J. Sonan, / K. Miy., M. Yosh.” and “
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<taxonomicName id="E2D54D0E1C0FFFAC5FF3FA46FC50F9C4" box="[956,1018,1520,1543]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="17A1EA9F1C0FFFAC5FF3FA46FC50F9C4" box="[956,1018,1520,1543]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="56">Vespa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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/
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<taxonomicName id="E2D54D0E1C0FFFAC585AFA58FB72F9C5" authority="Sonan" authorityName="Sonan" box="[1045,1240,1518,1542]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="karenkona">
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<emphasis id="17A1EA9F1C0FFFAC585AFA58FB20F9C5" box="[1045,1162,1518,1542]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="56">karenkona</emphasis>
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Sonan
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</taxonomicName>
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/ Det. J. Sonan”. The female with
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<typeStatus id="FA6E882F1C0FFFAC5D19F9A5FE24F9E8" box="[342,398,1555,1579]" pageId="14" pageNumber="56">Type</typeStatus>
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label has the head and left fore wing detached [we glued them on the attached identification label]; its body length was measured about
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<quantity id="E22D9B681C0FFFAC5E30F980FD7BF98D" box="[639,721,1590,1614]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="13.0">13 mm</quantity>
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, the right fore wing is about
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<quantity id="E22D9B681C0FFFAC5859F980FBFDF98D" box="[1046,1111,1590,1614]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
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long, and the clepues has no dark marking. The other 2 Ƥ have a
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<typeStatus id="FA6E882F1C0FFFAC5E7FF9EDFD38F9B0" box="[560,658,1627,1651]" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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label: their body lengths are about
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||
<quantity id="E22D9B681C0FFFAC5851F9ECFBC6F9B1" box="[1054,1132,1626,1650]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="11.0">11 mm</quantity>
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and
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<quantity id="E22D9B681C0FFFAC58ECF9ECFB5EF9B1" box="[1187,1268,1626,1650]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="13.0">13 mm</quantity>
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, and fore wing lengths are about
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<quantity id="E22D9B681C0FFFAC5D2FF9C8FE1DF955" box="[352,439,1662,1686]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="9.5">9.5 mm</quantity>
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and
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<quantity id="E22D9B681C0FFFAC5DA0F9C8FDF2F955" box="[495,600,1662,1686]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="10.5">10.5 mm</quantity>
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||
; the clypeus of the smaller specimen has a dark ferruginous, longitudinal, median band, while that of the larger specimen has only a small dark spot. This observation that only the smaller specimen has the dark median band (or line) on the clypeus suggests that his description of the variations in the marking pattern of the clypeus were not for the
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||
<typeStatus id="FA6E882F1C0FFFAC5EFBF95DFC89F8C0" box="[692,803,1771,1795]" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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. In conclusion, we have treated the specimen with
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<typeStatus id="FA6E882F1C0FFFAC592BF95DFA36F8C0" box="[1380,1436,1771,1795]" pageId="14" pageNumber="56">Type</typeStatus>
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label as the originally designated
|
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<typeStatus id="FA6E882F1C0FFFAC5E40F8B8FDDFF8E5" box="[527,629,1806,1830]" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="256A368D1C0FFFAC5C8AF884FD88F875" blockId="14.[151,1437,1122,1974]" pageId="14" pageNumber="56">
|
||
Without examining the
|
||
<typeStatus id="FA6E882F1C0FFFAC5D9CF884FD9FF889" box="[467,565,1842,1866]" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
of
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<taxonomicName id="E2D54D0E1C0FFFAC5E12F882FB33F889" authority="Sonan, Yamane et al. (1980: 16)" authorityName="Sonan, Yamane et al." authorityPageNumber="16" authorityYear="1980" box="[605,1177,1842,1867]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="karenkona">
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<emphasis id="17A1EA9F1C0FFFAC5E12F882FCB7F888" box="[605,797,1843,1867]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="56">Vespa karenkona</emphasis>
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Sonan, Yamane
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<emphasis id="17A1EA9F1C0FFFAC5F90F882FBB8F888" box="[991,1042,1843,1867]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="56">et al</emphasis>
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. (1980: 16)
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</taxonomicName>
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treated this taxon as a subspecies of
|
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<taxonomicName id="E2D54D0E1C0FFFAC5D76F8E0FE54F8AD" box="[313,510,1878,1902]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flaviceps">
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<emphasis id="17A1EA9F1C0FFFAC5D76F8E0FE54F8AD" box="[313,510,1878,1902]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="56">Vespula flaviceps</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="41444B7C1C0FFFAC5E41F8E0FD7DF8AD" author="Starr" box="[526,727,1878,1902]" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" refString="Starr, C. K. (1992) The social wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) of Taiwan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Natural Science, (3), 93 - 138." type="journal article" year="1992">Starr (1992: 109)</bibRefCitation>
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, giving “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2D54D0E1C0FFFAC5F0DF8EEFB65F8AD" authority="Sonan 1929: 148" authorityName="Sonan" authorityPageNumber="148" authorityYear="1929" box="[834,1231,1878,1903]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="karenkona">
|
||
<emphasis id="17A1EA9F1C0FFFAC5F0DF8EEFBA8F8AD" box="[834,1026,1878,1903]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="56">Vespa karenkona</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41444B7C1C0FFFAC5843F8E0FB32F8AD" author="Sonan" box="[1036,1176,1878,1902]" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" refString="Sonan, J. (1929) On Ve sp a from Formosa (1). Transactions of the Natural History Society of Formosa, 19, 136 - 149, pl. 6. (In Japanese)." type="journal article" year="1929">Sonan 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 148
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<typeStatus id="FA6E882F1C0FFFAC58AFF8E1FAB4F8AC" box="[1248,1310,1879,1903]" pageId="14" pageNumber="56">types</typeStatus>
|
||
examined:
|
||
<typeStatus id="FA6E882F1C0FFFAC5CD8F8CCFF53F851" box="[151,249,1914,1938]" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
worker, 2
|
||
<typeStatus id="FA6E882F1C0FFFAC5D31F8CDFE74F850" box="[382,478,1915,1939]" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
workers]” in the synonym list of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2D54D0E1C0FFFAC5F39F8CDFB91F850" box="[886,1083,1915,1939]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flaviceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="17A1EA9F1C0FFFAC5F39F8CDFB91F850" box="[886,1083,1915,1939]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="56">Vespula flaviceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, formally synonymized
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2D54D0E1C0FFFAC5914F8CAFEA6F875" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="karenkona">
|
||
<emphasis id="17A1EA9F1C0FFFAC5914F8CAFEA6F875" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="56">Vespa karenkona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2D54D0E1C0FFFAC5D15F828FDB1F875" box="[346,539,1950,1974]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flaviceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="17A1EA9F1C0FFFAC5D15F828FDB1F875" box="[346,539,1950,1974]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="56">Vespula flaviceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |