267 lines
31 KiB
XML
267 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document id="EF1C045C386A7E12261CA618E84EAA2B" ID-CLB-Dataset="133186" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab114" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bd2fe3a4-83a4-4b80-aeba-39a775595da2" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-PMC="PMC9416008" ID-PubMed="36051981" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7031477" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1661767081444" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Achatz, Tyler J, Chermak, Taylor P, Martens, Jakson R, Woodyard, Ethan T, Rosser, Thomas G, Pulis, Eric E, Weinstein, Sara B, Mcallister, Chris T, Kinsella, John M & Tkach, Vasyl V" docDate="2022" docId="03F7830DFF86FFADFC3CA8D1FAB9F8D9" docLanguage="en" docName="zlab114.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 196 (1)" docSource="https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/196/1/124/6517659" docStyle="DocumentStyle:36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8.7:ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-2023.journal_article" docStyleId="36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-2023.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Pharyngostomoides Harkema 1942" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="129" masterDocId="FFCEFB75FF83FFA8FFA0AB02FF2BFFB5" masterDocTitle="Molecular phylogeny supports invalidation of Didelphodiplostomum and Pharyngostomoides (Digenea: Diplostomidae) and reveals a Tylodelphys from mammals" masterLastPageNumber="136" masterPageNumber="124" pageNumber="129" updateTime="1699373958233" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="1C850333FB9C93A73D69B50EAE7BF8AD">Molecular phylogeny supports invalidation of Didelphodiplostomum and Pharyngostomoides (Digenea: Diplostomidae) and reveals a Tylodelphys from mammals</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4507F69E2CFACC471F4115D83F25A37C">Achatz, Tyler J</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E5C785985AF949F763A230B6E0333623">Chermak, Taylor P</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4338448D685468165563DAB42E005744">Martens, Jakson R</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4E5D9E6E281A5B04A9967667269578E2">Woodyard, Ethan T</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="530E52D26AC1ECC98FEBF9A0B5D375A8">Rosser, Thomas G</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="EF35090DFC3AD6C79C10582D42AC9B37">Pulis, Eric E</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D31578491302385C0815D390BD4FA170">Weinstein, Sara B</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CA8AA4A0B030AA91CFCCAFB9AE600EBA">Mcallister, Chris T</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8F4AB13B708E70BF252ECCC2C722894F">Kinsella, John M</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E427C7644EA74641BDBAA5A472B39586">Tkach, Vasyl V</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="795492A7D5D7491578D833F7E836411D">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="51D402E117DF8F3228FA69CC0F9BE937">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="19A3D1E64664818CDF3B38A83E073B81">2022-09-01</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="EA4DCBF918C608EE4C46186E6C165E29">196</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="0F3949403D1A63C1B47EE8B981EC4C17">124</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="69690D6424047DB227C8B4C0F1B6F150">https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/196/1/124/6517659</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="6B7511D37DBEC7A4877747892470412D" type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab114</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F7830DFF86FFADFC3CA8D1FAB9F8D9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7036853" ID-GBIF-Taxon="199898654" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7036853" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F7830DFF86FFADFC3CA8D1FAB9F8D9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F7830DFF86FFADFC3CA8D1FAB9F8D9" lastPageNumber="129" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">
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<subSubSection id="C3446190FF86FFADFC3CA8D1FA36FC5E" box="[924,1309,979,1004]" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE1321BFF86FFADFC3CA8D1FA36FC5E" blockId="5.[924,1309,979,1004]" box="[924,1309,979,1004]" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">
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<heading id="D0A98577FF86FFADFC3CA8D1FA36FC5E" box="[924,1309,979,1004]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" reason="2">
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STATUS OF
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E4998FF86FFADFBBEA8D6FA36FC5E" ID-CoL="d80670f9-f069-4a68-9705-70b6dad4b8a8" authorityName="Harkema" authorityYear="1942" box="[1054,1309,980,1003]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomidae" genus="Pharyngostomoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92AEE09FF86FFADFBBEA8D6FA36FC5E" box="[1054,1309,980,1003]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">PHARYNGOSTOMOIDES</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3446190FF86FFADFC89A8FEFAB9F8D9" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE1321BFF86FFADFC89A8FEFB84F920" blockId="5.[809,1426,1020,1900]" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">
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The morphological characteristics of
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E4998FF86FFADFB51A8FEFC9FFB85" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomidae" genus="Pharyngostomoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="B92AEE09FF86FFADFB51A8FEFC50FB9A" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">Pharyngostomoides</emphasis>
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spp.
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</taxonomicName>
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in our material conform to the original descriptions of
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E4998FF86FFADFC7CAF3BFB53FBFA" authorityName="Achatz & Chermak & Martens & Woodyard & Rosser & Pulis & Weinstein & Mcallister & Kinsella & Tkach" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Harkema" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[988,1144,1081,1103]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomidae" genus="Alaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="procyonis">
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<emphasis id="B92AEE09FF86FFADFC7CAF3BFB53FBFA" box="[988,1144,1081,1103]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">Ph. procyonis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E4998FF86FFADFB14AF3BFA0DFBFB" authorityName="Chandler & Rausch" authorityYear="1946" box="[1204,1318,1081,1102]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomidae" genus="Pharyngostomoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ovalis">
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<emphasis id="B92AEE09FF86FFADFB14AF3BFA0DFBFB" box="[1204,1318,1081,1102]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">Ph. ovalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13652E9EFF86FFADFA97AF3BFC12FBD8" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[145,223,1449,1471]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,204,1398]" captionTargetId="figure-185@7.[145,1428,195,1409]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Photographs of: A, Tylodelphys variabilis comb. nov.from Didelphis virginiana, Arkansas; B, Alaria arisaemoides from Canis latrans, Oregon; C, Alaria alata from Nyctereutes procyonoides, Ukraine; D, Alaria marcianae from Taxidea taxus, North Dakota; E, Alaria ovalis comb. nov. from Procyon lotor, Mississippi; F, Alaria procyonis comb. nov. from Procyon lotor, Minnesota; G, H, Alaria mustelae from Mephitis mephitis, North Dakota." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7031487" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7031487/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">Fig. 4E, F</figureCitation>
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).
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCF4FEAFF86FFADFCF2AF5AFB41FBD8" author="Beckerdite FW & Miller GC & Harkema R" box="[850,1130,1112,1134]" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" pagination="149 - 156" refId="ref7640" refString="Beckerdite FW, Miller GC, Harkema R. 1971. Observations of the life cycle of Pharyngostomodies spp. and the description of P. adenocephala sp. n. (Strigeoidea: Diplostomatidae) from the raccoon, Procyon lotor (L.). Helminthological Society of Washington 38: 149 - 156." type="journal article" year="1971">
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Beckerdite
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<emphasis id="B92AEE09FF86FFADFC7BAF5AFB32FBD8" box="[987,1049,1112,1133]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">et al.</emphasis>
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(1971)
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</bibRefCitation>
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considered
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E4998FF86FFADFB5CAF5AFA5AFBD8" authorityName="Chandler & Rausch" authorityYear="1946" box="[1276,1393,1112,1133]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomidae" genus="Pharyngostomoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ovalis">
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<emphasis id="B92AEE09FF86FFADFB5CAF5AFA5AFBD8" box="[1276,1393,1112,1133]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">Ph. ovalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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to be a junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E4998FF86FFADFBEDAF74FBDBFB39" authorityName="Achatz & Chermak & Martens & Woodyard & Rosser & Pulis & Weinstein & Mcallister & Kinsella & Tkach" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Harkema" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[1101,1264,1142,1164]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomidae" genus="Alaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="procyonis">
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<emphasis id="B92AEE09FF86FFADFBEDAF74FBDBFB39" box="[1101,1264,1142,1164]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">Ph. procyonis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. In addition,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCF4FEAFF86FFADFC89AF97FB18FB1F" author="Beckerdite FW & Miller GC & Harkema R" box="[809,1075,1173,1195]" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" pagination="149 - 156" refId="ref7640" refString="Beckerdite FW, Miller GC, Harkema R. 1971. Observations of the life cycle of Pharyngostomodies spp. and the description of P. adenocephala sp. n. (Strigeoidea: Diplostomatidae) from the raccoon, Procyon lotor (L.). Helminthological Society of Washington 38: 149 - 156." type="journal article" year="1971">
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Beckerdite
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<emphasis id="B92AEE09FF86FFADFC0BAF94FCCEFB1F" box="[939,997,1173,1195]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">et al.</emphasis>
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||
(1971)
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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redescribed
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E4998FF86FFADFB65AF97FA75FB1E" authorityName="Achatz & Chermak & Martens & Woodyard & Rosser & Pulis & Weinstein & Mcallister & Kinsella & Tkach" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Harkema" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[1221,1374,1173,1195]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomidae" genus="Alaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="procyonis">
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<emphasis id="B92AEE09FF86FFADFB65AF97FA75FB1E" box="[1221,1374,1173,1195]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">Ph. procyonis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and provided an illustration that appears remarkably similar to
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E4998FF86FFADFC07AFD0FB37FB52" authorityName="Chandler & Rausch" authorityYear="1946" box="[935,1052,1234,1255]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomidae" genus="Pharyngostomoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ovalis">
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||
<emphasis id="B92AEE09FF86FFADFC07AFD0FB37FB52" box="[935,1052,1234,1255]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">Ph. ovalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
. Our material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E4998FF86FFADFB51AFD0FABAFB5D" authorityName="Achatz & Chermak & Martens & Woodyard & Rosser & Pulis & Weinstein & Mcallister & Kinsella & Tkach" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Harkema" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[1265,1425,1234,1256]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomidae" genus="Alaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="procyonis">
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||
<emphasis id="B92AEE09FF86FFADFB51AFD0FABAFB5D" box="[1265,1425,1234,1256]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">Ph. procyonis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E4998FF86FFADFCC1AFF3FCF7FAB3" authorityName="Chandler & Rausch" authorityYear="1946" box="[865,988,1265,1286]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomidae" genus="Pharyngostomoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ovalis">
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<emphasis id="B92AEE09FF86FFADFCC1AFF3FCF7FAB3" box="[865,988,1265,1286]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">Ph. ovalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differ by 0.4% and 10% in partial sequences of 28S and
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<emphasis id="B92AEE09FF86FFADFB9FAE12FB5FFA90" box="[1087,1140,1296,1317]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">cox1</emphasis>
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, respectively (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6DC07A0FF86FFADFA8EAE12FAA1FA90" box="[1326,1418,1296,1318]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[163,227,1410,1431]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Pairwise comparisons of 28S sequences among Alaria spp. (syn. Pharyngostomoides) based on an 1132 bp long alignment. Percentage difference given above diagonal. Number of nucleotide differences provided below diagonal" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF216293FF85FFAEFF03AE80FA6DFA00" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" tableUuid="DF216293FF85FFAEFF03AE80FA6DFA00">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
; Supporting Information,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6DC07A0FF86FFADFBE5AE2CFB83FAF6" box="[1093,1192,1326,1348]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="2.[143,207,627,649]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Table 1. Hosts, geographic origin, Harold W. Manter Laboratory (HWML) museum and GenBank accession numbers of diplostomids collected in our study" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF216293FF81FFAAFF2FA971F9C9FD3C" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" tableUuid="DF216293FF81FFAAFF2FA971F9C9FD3C">Table S1</tableCitation>
|
||
). The morphology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E4998FF86FFADFC89AE4FFCE8FAD6" authorityName="Achatz & Chermak & Martens & Woodyard & Rosser & Pulis & Weinstein & Mcallister & Kinsella & Tkach" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Harkema" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[809,963,1357,1379]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomidae" genus="Alaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="procyonis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AEE09FF86FFADFC89AE4FFCE8FAD6" box="[809,963,1357,1379]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">Ph. procyonis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E4998FF86FFADFC5DAE4FFB46FAD7" authorityName="Chandler & Rausch" authorityYear="1946" box="[1021,1133,1357,1378]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomidae" genus="Pharyngostomoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ovalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AEE09FF86FFADFC5DAE4FFB46FAD7" box="[1021,1133,1357,1378]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">Ph. ovalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
most obviously differs in general body shape (spatulate in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E4998FF86FFADFB00AE6EFA1CFA34" authorityName="Achatz & Chermak & Martens & Woodyard & Rosser & Pulis & Weinstein & Mcallister & Kinsella & Tkach" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Harkema" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[1184,1335,1388,1409]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomidae" genus="Alaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="procyonis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AEE09FF86FFADFB00AE6EFA1CFA34" box="[1184,1335,1388,1409]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">Ph. procyonis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
vs. oval in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E4998FF86FFADFCE6AE88FC9DFA2A" authorityName="Chandler & Rausch" authorityYear="1946" box="[838,950,1418,1439]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomidae" genus="Pharyngostomoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ovalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AEE09FF86FFADFCE6AE88FC9DFA2A" box="[838,950,1418,1439]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">Ph. ovalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), shape of prosoma (anterior end rounded in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E4998FF86FFADFCE7AEABFCF4FA0A" authorityName="Achatz & Chermak & Martens & Woodyard & Rosser & Pulis & Weinstein & Mcallister & Kinsella & Tkach" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Harkema" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[839,991,1449,1471]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomidae" genus="Alaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="procyonis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AEE09FF86FFADFCE7AEABFCF4FA0A" box="[839,991,1449,1471]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">Ph. procyonis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
vs. anterior end square shaped in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E4998FF86FFADFACBAEABFC44FA68" authorityName="Chandler & Rausch" authorityYear="1946" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomidae" genus="Pharyngostomoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ovalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AEE09FF86FFADFACBAEABFC44FA68" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">Ph. ovalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), relative sucker sizes (oral sucker similar in size or smaller than ventral sucker in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E4998FF86FFADFB53AEE4FABAFA49" authorityName="Achatz & Chermak & Martens & Woodyard & Rosser & Pulis & Weinstein & Mcallister & Kinsella & Tkach" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Harkema" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[1267,1425,1510,1532]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomidae" genus="Alaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="procyonis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AEE09FF86FFADFB53AEE4FABAFA49" box="[1267,1425,1510,1532]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">Ph. procyonis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
vs. oral sucker usually larger than ventral sucker in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E4998FF86FFADFC89AD26FCB0F98C" authorityName="Chandler & Rausch" authorityYear="1946" box="[809,923,1572,1593]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomidae" genus="Pharyngostomoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ovalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AEE09FF86FFADFC89AD26FCB0F98C" box="[809,923,1572,1593]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">Ph. ovalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and egg size (egg length 82–93 µm in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E4998FF86FFADFACBAD26FCB2F9ED" authorityName="Achatz & Chermak & Martens & Woodyard & Rosser & Pulis & Weinstein & Mcallister & Kinsella & Tkach" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Harkema" baseAuthorityYear="1942" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomidae" genus="Alaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="procyonis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AEE09FF86FFADFACBAD26FCB2F9ED" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">Ph. procyonis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
vs. egg length 100–115 µm in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E4998FF86FFADFAAEAD40FAA9F9E2" authorityName="Chandler & Rausch" authorityYear="1946" box="[1294,1410,1602,1623]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomidae" genus="Pharyngostomoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ovalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AEE09FF86FFADFAAEAD40FAA9F9E2" box="[1294,1410,1602,1623]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">Ph. ovalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Considering the genetic and morphological differences listed above, we restore
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AEE09FF86FFADFB99AD82FB84F920" box="[1081,1199,1664,1685]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E4998FF86FFADFB99AD82FB80F920" authorityName="Chandler & Rausch" authorityYear="1946" box="[1081,1195,1664,1685]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomidae" genus="Pharyngostomoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ovalis">Ph. ovalis</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE1321BFF86FFADFCE1AD9CFAB9F8D9" blockId="5.[809,1426,1020,1900]" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E4998FF86FFADFCE1AD9CFB76F901" box="[833,1117,1694,1716]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomidae" genus="Pharyngostomoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AEE09FF86FFADFCE1AD9CFB0EF906" box="[833,1061,1694,1715]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">Pharyngostomoides</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are readily distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E4998FF86FFADFCC9ADBFFCC6F967" box="[873,1005,1725,1746]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomidae" genus="Alaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AEE09FF86FFADFCC9ADBFFC9EF967" box="[873,949,1725,1746]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">Alaria</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on the position of the testes (opposite in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E4998FF86FFADFC16ADDEFBBFF944" authorityName="Harkema" authorityYear="1942" box="[950,1172,1756,1777]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomidae" genus="Pharyngostomoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AEE09FF86FFADFC16ADDEFBBFF944" box="[950,1172,1756,1777]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">Pharyngostomoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
vs. tandem in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E4998FF86FFADFA9FADDEFAA3F944" authorityName="Schrank" authorityYear="1788" box="[1343,1416,1756,1777]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomidae" genus="Alaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AEE09FF86FFADFA9FADDEFAA3F944" box="[1343,1416,1756,1777]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">Alaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF4FEAFF86FFADFC91ADF8FB09F8BA" author="Niewiadomska K" box="[817,1058,1786,1808]" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" pagination="167 - 196" refId="ref9163" refString="Niewiadomska K. 2002. Family Diplostomidae Poirier, 1886. In: Gibson DI, Jones A, Bray RA, eds. Keys to the Trematoda, Vol. 1. London: CAB International and the Natural History Museum, 167 - 196." type="book chapter" year="2002">Niewiadomska, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13652E9EFF86FFADFB90ADF8FB89F8A5" box="[1072,1186,1786,1808]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[145,223,1449,1471]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,204,1398]" captionTargetId="figure-185@7.[145,1428,195,1409]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Photographs of: A, Tylodelphys variabilis comb. nov.from Didelphis virginiana, Arkansas; B, Alaria arisaemoides from Canis latrans, Oregon; C, Alaria alata from Nyctereutes procyonoides, Ukraine; D, Alaria marcianae from Taxidea taxus, North Dakota; E, Alaria ovalis comb. nov. from Procyon lotor, Mississippi; F, Alaria procyonis comb. nov. from Procyon lotor, Minnesota; G, H, Alaria mustelae from Mephitis mephitis, North Dakota." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7031487" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7031487/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">Fig. 4E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
vs.
|
||
<figureCitation id="13652E9EFF86FFADFB71ADF8FA3AF8BA" box="[1233,1297,1786,1808]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[145,223,1449,1471]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,204,1398]" captionTargetId="figure-185@7.[145,1428,195,1409]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Photographs of: A, Tylodelphys variabilis comb. nov.from Didelphis virginiana, Arkansas; B, Alaria arisaemoides from Canis latrans, Oregon; C, Alaria alata from Nyctereutes procyonoides, Ukraine; D, Alaria marcianae from Taxidea taxus, North Dakota; E, Alaria ovalis comb. nov. from Procyon lotor, Mississippi; F, Alaria procyonis comb. nov. from Procyon lotor, Minnesota; G, H, Alaria mustelae from Mephitis mephitis, North Dakota." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7031487" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7031487/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
B-D, G, H). However, our molecular phylogeny based on 28S (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13652E9EFF86FFADFAC6AC1BFC1DF8F8" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[163,241,1369,1391]" captionTargetBox="[166,1446,198,1326]" captionTargetId="figure-208@4.[163,1449,195,1329]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. Phylogenetic interrelationships among 54 diplostomoidean taxa based on BI analysis of partial 28S rDNA gene sequences including Didelphodiplostomum and Pharyngostomoides spp. BI posterior probability values lower than 80% are not shown. The new sequences generated in this study are indicated in bold. The scale bar indicates the number of substitutions per site." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7031479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7031479/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
) positioned
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E4998FF86FFADFC1DAC3AFB79F8F8" authorityName="Achatz & Chermak & Martens & Woodyard & Rosser & Pulis & Weinstein & Mcallister & Kinsella & Tkach" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Harkema" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[957,1106,1848,1869]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomidae" genus="Alaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="procyonis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AEE09FF86FFADFC1DAC3AFB79F8F8" box="[957,1106,1848,1869]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">Ph. procyonis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E58CB9FF86FFADFBFFAC3AFBBBF8F8" box="[1119,1168,1848,1869]" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E4998FF86FFADFA84AC3AFABAF8F8" authorityName="Chandler & Rausch" authorityYear="1946" box="[1316,1425,1848,1869]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomidae" genus="Pharyngostomoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ovalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AEE09FF86FFADFA84AC3AFABAF8F8" box="[1316,1425,1848,1869]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">Ph. ovalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
among
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E4998FF86FFADFCDCAC54FCD0F8D9" box="[892,1019,1878,1900]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomidae" genus="Alaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AEE09FF86FFADFCDCAC54FCEEF8DE" box="[892,965,1878,1899]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">Alaria</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, including the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E58CB9FF86FFADFB03AC55FBFFF8D9" box="[1187,1236,1879,1900]" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E4998FF86FFADFA92AC55FAA0F8DE" baseAuthorityName="Goeze" baseAuthorityYear="1782" box="[1330,1419,1878,1900]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomidae" genus="Alaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="alata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AEE09FF86FFADFA92AC55FAA0F8DE" box="[1330,1419,1878,1900]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">A. alata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |