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<document id="0CE0A31F7379761634C2A2FBF94FD2A1" ID-DOI="10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00503.x" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5443474" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630455791949" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Rotheray, Graham E., Marcos-García, Maria-Angeles, Hancock, Geoff, Pérez-Bañón, Celeste &amp; Maier, Chris T." docDate="2009" docId="03DC8791FFC2FFCEFF1DF936125AC679" docLanguage="en" docName="j.1096-3642.2008.00503.x.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 156 (4)" docSource="https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00503.x" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8.2:ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleId="0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Copestylum isabellina" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="718" masterDocId="FFE5FFE9FFD7FFDBFFC8FF8E174BC358" masterDocTitle="Neotropical Copestylum (Diptera, Syrphidae) breeding in Agavaceae and Cactaceae including seven new species" masterLastPageNumber="749" masterPageNumber="697" pageNumber="718" updateTime="1699277160858" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="68706F9C6C07F2D1ADC519A222779B7D">Neotropical Copestylum (Diptera, Syrphidae) breeding in Agavaceae and Cactaceae including seven new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C397F6E01FC73BC5D2501CD9D776E3FE">Rotheray, Graham E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3121F632D031C5780FB3E314E985A6EC">Marcos-García, Maria-Angeles</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8032329E011696FA886EF609E578A420">Hancock, Geoff</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4353B80FE595F004E6FD3E115DF34883">Pérez-Bañón, Celeste</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2BF99BA7FC7383E1AF745023BAD66D99">Maier, Chris T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="4F01F3193D65715C0A2640CAA9B1A60A">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="609B00983C4EB5AEE3926FE10275872F">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D2388104576877A787477C24AF38972F">2009-08-31</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03DC8791FFC2FFCEFF1DF936125AC679" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5492261" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5492261" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DC8791FFC2FFCEFF1DF936125AC679" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DC8791FFC2FFCEFF1DF936125AC679" lastPageNumber="718" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">
<subSubSection id="C36F650CFFC2FFCEFF1DF93612EAC175" pageId="21" pageNumber="718" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCA3687FFC2FFCEFF1DF9361592C596" blockId="21.[213,729,1720,1742]" box="[213,729,1720,1742]" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">
<heading id="D08281EBFFC2FFCEFF1DF9361592C596" box="[213,729,1720,1742]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="718" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C754D04FFC2FFCEFF1DF9361592C596" ID-CoL="8BKKF" authority="(WILLISTON, 1887)" baseAuthorityName="Williston" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[213,729,1720,1742]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Copestylum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="718" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="isabellina">
<emphasis id="B901EA95FFC2FFCEFF1DF93616BCC594" box="[213,503,1720,1741]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">COPESTYLUM ISABELLINA</emphasis>
(WILLISTON, 1887)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA3687FFC2FFCEFF6CF95112EAC175" blockId="21.[164,779,1758,1903]" lastBlockId="21.[826,1441,198,557]" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">
<emphasis id="B901EA95FFC2FFCEFF6CF9511544C5AB" box="[164,527,1758,1780]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">
Larva and puparium (
<figureCitation id="134E2A02FFC2FFCEFE7AF9511549C5AB" box="[434,514,1758,1780]" captionStart="Figures 25–27" captionStartId="42.[144,234,1609,1630]" captionTargetBox="[146,1852,426,1576]" captionTargetId="figure-0@42.[144,1856,421,1580]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Figures 25–27. Third stage larval Copestylum, whole larva, head to the right; scale bar = 7 mm. 25. Copestylum apiciferum; 26, Copestylum isabellina; 27, Copestylum sica." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5443496" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5443496/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
Anterior fold with a wide band of spicules. Metathorax with two groups of a few indistinct spicules on the anteroventral margin (
<figureCitation id="134E2A02FFC2FFCEFF64F8B417B6C408" box="[172,253,1850,1872]" captionStart="Figures 28–34" captionStartId="43.[164,254,1523,1542]" captionTargetBox="[496,1111,193,1490]" captionTargetId="figure-0@43.[494,1113,193,1493]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Figures 28–34. Third stage larval Copestylum, body vestiture, black areas represent extent of sclerotization; scale bar = 1 mm. 28, 31, and 34, Copestylum quadratum, 28, long fine setae from the dorsum of the metathorax; 31, crochets from proleg on first abdominal segment, larger crochet = primary; smaller crochet = secondary; 34, branched setae from base of lateral lips; 29–30, Copestylum isabellina, 29, short, broad setae from the dorsum of the metathorax, 30, spicules from the anterior fold of the prothorax; 32, Copestylum hambletoni, broad based setae from dorsum of mesothorax; 33, Copestylum multipunctatum sp. nov., triangular shaped setae from dorsum of the anal segment." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5443498" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5443498/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
). Dorsal vestiture comprising evenly sized setae except for anterodorsal groups of large, broad setae on the mesothorax and metathorax (
<figureCitation id="134E2A02FFC2FFCEFAD1FF481223C384" box="[1305,1384,198,220]" captionStart="Figures 28–34" captionStartId="43.[164,254,1523,1542]" captionTargetBox="[496,1111,193,1490]" captionTargetId="figure-0@43.[494,1113,193,1493]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Figures 28–34. Third stage larval Copestylum, body vestiture, black areas represent extent of sclerotization; scale bar = 1 mm. 28, 31, and 34, Copestylum quadratum, 28, long fine setae from the dorsum of the metathorax; 31, crochets from proleg on first abdominal segment, larger crochet = primary; smaller crochet = secondary; 34, branched setae from base of lateral lips; 29–30, Copestylum isabellina, 29, short, broad setae from the dorsum of the metathorax, 30, spicules from the anterior fold of the prothorax; 32, Copestylum hambletoni, broad based setae from dorsum of mesothorax; 33, Copestylum multipunctatum sp. nov., triangular shaped setae from dorsum of the anal segment." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5443498" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5443498/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
) and smaller setae on middle transverse bands on abdominal segments 1–2. Abdominal segments 4–6 with second row of crochets inconspicuous and not as developed as on abdominal segments 1–3. Posterior breathing tube red-brown at base, dark brown at apex, below TR tube nodulate, above coriaceous. AP about a third as high to spiky rim as wide at TR (
<figureCitation id="134E2A02FFC2FFCEFC8AFE3514D8C289" box="[834,915,443,465]" captionStart="Figures 68–73" captionStartId="51.[164,254,1558,1577]" captionTargetBox="[323,1283,195,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-0@51.[323,1283,195,1528]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Figures 68–73. Puparia of Copestylum, scanning electron photomicrographs, scales as indicated on images. 68, 70, Copestylum macrocephalum; 68, posterior breathing tube (prp), dorsal view width of TR = 1.3 mm; 70, prp, apical; 71, Copestylum posticum; pupal spiracles, dorsal view length = 0.93 mm; 69, 72–73, Copestylum isabellina; 69, prp, dorsal view width at TR = 1.1 mm, 72, pupal spiracles, ventrolateral view length 0.82 mm; 73, spiracular openings, apical and lateral views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5443518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5443518/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">Fig. 69</figureCitation>
). Pupal spiracles, about as far apart as a pupal spiracle is long and slightly curved in upper third. Openings coating upper half of one side, those at the apex with a short spiky projection (
<figureCitation id="134E2A02FFC2FFCEFADDFD9812DEC175" box="[1301,1429,534,557]" captionStart="Figures 68–73" captionStartId="51.[164,254,1558,1577]" captionTargetBox="[323,1283,195,1525]" captionTargetId="figure-0@51.[323,1283,195,1528]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Figures 68–73. Puparia of Copestylum, scanning electron photomicrographs, scales as indicated on images. 68, 70, Copestylum macrocephalum; 68, posterior breathing tube (prp), dorsal view width of TR = 1.3 mm; 70, prp, apical; 71, Copestylum posticum; pupal spiracles, dorsal view length = 0.93 mm; 69, 72–73, Copestylum isabellina; 69, prp, dorsal view width at TR = 1.1 mm, 72, pupal spiracles, ventrolateral view length 0.82 mm; 73, spiracular openings, apical and lateral views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5443518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5443518/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">Figs 72, 73</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36F650CFFC2FFCEFCF2FDE8125AC679" pageId="21" pageNumber="718" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCA3687FFC2FFCEFCF2FDE814B2C1AE" blockId="21.[826,1441,613,758]" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">
<emphasis id="B901EA95FFC2FFCEFCF2FDE814B5C123" box="[826,1022,614,635]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">Taxonomic notes:</emphasis>
Very similar in larval characters to
<taxonomicName id="4C754D04FFC2FFCEFCF2FD0A148EC1C1" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[826,965,644,665]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Copestylum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="718" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="posticum">
<emphasis id="B901EA95FFC2FFCEFCF2FD0A148EC1C1" box="[826,965,644,665]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">C. posticum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from which
<taxonomicName id="4C754D04FFC2FFCEFBACFD0A13B2C1C1" baseAuthorityName="Williston" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[1124,1273,644,665]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Copestylum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="718" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="isabellina">
<emphasis id="B901EA95FFC2FFCEFBACFD0A13B2C1C1" box="[1124,1273,644,665]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">C. isabellina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs in the pupal spiracles being about as far apart as a spiracle is long and the openings at the apex having a short spiky projection.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA3687FFC2FFCEFCF2FCA0148FC72F" blockId="21.[826,1441,814,1143]" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">
<emphasis id="B901EA95FFC2FFCEFCF2FCA01357C01B" box="[826,1052,814,835]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">Material examined:</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D73FD0EFFC2FFCEFBE1FCA013D2C01C" box="[1065,1177,814,836]" pageId="21" pageNumber="718" type="larva">15 larvae</specimenCount>
<collectingCountry id="F3627617FFC2FFCEFB6DFCA11391C01C" box="[1189,1242,815,836]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">USA</collectingCountry>
<collectingRegion id="49B1F865FFC2FFCEFB2DFCA0120AC01C" box="[1253,1345,814,836]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">Arizona</collectingRegion>
, Tucson mountains east of Gates Pass,
<date id="FFCB1047FFC2FFCEFB6BFCC31246C03B" box="[1187,1293,845,867]" pageId="21" pageNumber="718" value="1965-03-01">1.iii.1965</date>
J. F. Burger ex decaying stems of
<taxonomicName id="4C754D04FFC2FFCEFBFCFCE21204C0DA" box="[1076,1359,876,898]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Cereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="718" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="giganteus">
<emphasis id="B901EA95FFC2FFCEFBFCFCE21388C0D9" box="[1076,1219,876,897]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">C. giganteus</emphasis>
(Cactaceae)
</taxonomicName>
(SI);
<specimenCount id="9D73FD0EFFC2FFCEFA5BFCE21404C0C7" pageId="21" pageNumber="718" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
, one puparium
<collectingCountry id="F3627617FFC2FFCEFBCBFC041373C0C7" box="[1027,1080,906,927]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">USA</collectingCountry>
<collectingRegion id="49B1F865FFC2FFCEFBF4FC0413D3C0F8" box="[1084,1176,906,928]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">Arizona</collectingRegion>
, Yuma Co., Kofz mountains
<date id="FFCB1047FFC2FFCEFCB6FC2714ADC0E7" box="[894,998,937,959]" pageId="21" pageNumber="718" value="1969-01-20">20.i.1969</date>
J. F. Burger ex decaying stems of
<taxonomicName id="4C754D04FFC2FFCEFA40FC271492C086" authority="(SI)" baseAuthorityName="SI" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Cereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="718" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="giganteus">
<emphasis id="B901EA95FFC2FFCEFA40FC2714ECC085" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">C. giganteus</emphasis>
(SI)
</taxonomicName>
<specimenCount id="9D73FD0EFFC2FFCEFC28FC461345C084" box="[992,1038,968,989]" pageId="21" pageNumber="718" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, one puparium
<collectingCountry id="F3627617FFC2FFCEFB0CFC4613B2C085" box="[1220,1273,968,989]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">USA</collectingCountry>
<collectingRegion id="49B1F865FFC2FFCEFB36FC491211C085" box="[1278,1370,967,989]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">Arizona</collectingRegion>
, Pima Co.,
<quantity id="4C8D9B62FFC2FFCEFCBCFC6814F1C0A4" box="[884,954,998,1020]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="21" pageNumber="718" unit="km" value="16.0">16 km</quantity>
west of Tucson
<date id="FFCB1047FFC2FFCEFB44FC681248C0A4" box="[1164,1283,998,1020]" pageId="21" pageNumber="718" value="1979-03-14">14.iii.1979</date>
C. T. M. ex decaying stems of
<taxonomicName id="4C754D04FFC2FFCEFBC7FB8B13BFC743" authority="(NMS)" baseAuthorityName="NMS" box="[1039,1268,1029,1051]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Cereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="718" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="giganteus">
<emphasis id="B901EA95FFC2FFCEFBC7FB8B13D6C742" box="[1039,1181,1029,1050]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">C. giganteus</emphasis>
(NMS)
</taxonomicName>
;
<specimenCount id="9D73FD0EFFC2FFCEFAC9FB8B127BC741" box="[1281,1328,1029,1050]" pageId="21" pageNumber="718" type="male">2 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D73FD0EFFC2FFCEFAF7FB8B1221C741" box="[1343,1386,1029,1050]" pageId="21" pageNumber="718" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
four puparia
<collectingCountry id="F3627617FFC2FFCEFC6BFBAD1493C760" box="[931,984,1059,1080]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">USA</collectingCountry>
<collectingRegion id="49B1F865FFC2FFCEFC2EFBAD1309C761" box="[998,1090,1059,1081]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">Arizona</collectingRegion>
, Pima Co.,
<quantity id="4C8D9B62FFC2FFCEFB15FBAD1273C761" box="[1245,1336,1059,1081]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" pageId="21" pageNumber="718" unit="km" value="22.5">22.5 km</quantity>
west of Tucson
<date id="FFCB1047FFC2FFCEFC5BFBCC1341C700" box="[915,1034,1090,1112]" pageId="21" pageNumber="718" value="1979-03-21">21.iii.1979</date>
C. T. M. ex rot-pocket in
<taxonomicName id="4C754D04FFC2FFCEFAFFFBCC148BC72F" authority="(NMS)" baseAuthorityName="NMS" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Cereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="718" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="giganteus">
<emphasis id="B901EA95FFC2FFCEFAFFFBCC1423C72E" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">C. giganteus</emphasis>
(NMS)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA3687FFC2FFCEFCF2FB3E125AC679" blockId="21.[826,1441,1199,1313]" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">
<emphasis id="B901EA95FFC2FFCEFCF2FB3E134AC79C" box="[826,1025,1199,1221]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">Previous records:</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B76FFC2FFCEFBC6FB21121DC79D" author="Hubbard HG &amp; Schwarz EA" box="[1038,1366,1199,1221]" pageId="21" pageNumber="718" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref33456" refString="Hubbard HG, Schwarz EA. 1899. Insect fauna of the giant cactus of Arizona: letters from the Southwest. Psyche Supplement 1: 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="1899">Hubbard &amp; Schwarz (1899)</bibRefCitation>
ex
<taxonomicName id="4C754D04FFC2FFCEFA40FB3E14ECC7BC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Cereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="718" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="giganteus">
<emphasis id="B901EA95FFC2FFCEFA40FB3E14ECC7BC" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">C. giganteus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B76FFC2FFCEFC71FB401397C7BC" author="Ryckman RE &amp; Ames CT" box="[953,1244,1230,1252]" pageId="21" pageNumber="718" pagination="326 - 331" refId="ref33901" refString="Ryckman RE, Ames CT. 1953. Insects reared from cacti in Arizona. The Pan-Pacific Entomologist 60: 326 - 331." type="journal article" year="1953">Ryckman &amp; Ames (1953)</bibRefCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D04FFC2FFCEFAC2FB4012D1C7BC" box="[1290,1434,1230,1252]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Cereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="718" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="giganteus">
<emphasis id="B901EA95FFC2FFCEFAC2FB4012D1C7BC" box="[1290,1434,1230,1252]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">C. giganteus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B76FFC2FFCEFCF2FB62149AC65B" author="Maier CT" box="[826,977,1260,1283]" pageId="21" pageNumber="718" pagination="603 - 609" refId="ref33507" refString="Maier CT. 1982. Larval habitat and mate-seeking sites of flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae: Eristalinae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society Washington 84: 603 - 609." type="journal article" year="1982">Maier (1982)</bibRefCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D04FFC2FFCEFBCAFB6313D8C65A" box="[1026,1171,1261,1282]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Cereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="718" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="giganteus">
<emphasis id="B901EA95FFC2FFCEFBCAFB6313D8C65A" box="[1026,1171,1261,1282]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">C. giganteus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B76FFC2FFCEFB6EFB631213C65B" author="Mangan RL" box="[1190,1368,1261,1283]" pageId="21" pageNumber="718" pagination="326 - 331" refId="ref33585" refString="Mangan RL. 1984. Reproductive ecology of three cactophilic Diptera (Diptera: Drosophilidae, Neriidae, Syrphidae). Pan- Pacific Entomologist 60: 326 - 331." type="journal article" year="1984">Mangan (1984)</bibRefCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D04FFC2FFCEFA40FB6314ECC679" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Cereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="718" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="giganteus">
<emphasis id="B901EA95FFC2FFCEFA40FB6314ECC679" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">C. giganteus</emphasis>
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;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B76FFC2FFCEFC70FA851306C679" author="Myles TG" box="[952,1101,1291,1313]" pageId="21" pageNumber="718" pagination="104 - 108" refId="ref33713" refString="Myles TG. 1986. Oviposition and development of Volucella isabellina (Diptera: Syrphidae) on Saguaro cactus, Cereus giganteus. Entomological News 97: 104 - 108." type="journal article" year="1986">Myles (1986)</bibRefCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D04FFC2FFCEFBB2FA851241C679" box="[1146,1290,1291,1313]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Cereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="718" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="giganteus">
<emphasis id="B901EA95FFC2FFCEFBB2FA851241C679" box="[1146,1290,1291,1313]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="718">C. giganteus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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