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<mods:title id="9BC3A224A799881C33E41BCA74E5CD28">The genus Pupa Röding, 1798 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Acteonidae) in New Caledonia with notes on Recent species</mods:title>
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(
<figureCitation id="13512A0BFF9D467F8EDF2E3F403AFD8B" box="[159,256,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1786,1810]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1762]" captionTargetId="figure-24@6.[151,1436,181,1762]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Photographs of live animals from Koumac, New Caledonia, dorsal view. A. Pupa solidula (Linnaeus, 1758), MHNH IM-2013-86155. BC. Pupa sulcata (Gmelin, 1791), (B) MHNH IM-2013-86145, (C) MHNH IM-2013-86160. D. Pupa nitidula (Lamarck, 1822), MHNH IM-2013-86157. E. Pupa coccinata (Reeve, 1842), MHNH IM-2013-86143. F. Pupa affinis (A. Adams, 1855), MNHN IM-2013-86144. G. Pupa charlesi sp. nov., MHNH IM-2013-86159." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7860362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7860362/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">Figs. 2E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13512A0BFF9D467F8F4C2E3F400BFD8B" box="[268,305,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[152,255,1524,1548]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,932,1500]" captionTargetId="figure-75@7.[151,1436,932,1500]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Photographs of the opercula of specimens from Koumac, New Caledonia. A. Pupa solidula (Linnaeus, 1758), MNHN IM-2013-86152. B. Pupa sulcata (Gmelin, 1791), MHNH IM-2013-86146. C. Pupa nitidula (Lamarck, 1822), MNHN IM-2013-86157. D. Pupa coccinata (Reeve, 1842), MHNH IM-2013-86143. E. Pupa affinis (A. Adams, 1855), MNHN IM- 2013-86144. F. Pupa charlesi sp. nov., MNHN IM-2013-86158." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7860368" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7860368/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">4D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="13512A0BFF9D467F8F2C2E3F40ABFD8B" box="[364,401,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[152,255,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[166,1421,309,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-87@11.[166,1421,309,1862]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Photographs of the anterior portion of the digestive system of specimens from Koumac, New Caledonia. A. Pupa solidula (Linnaeus, 1758), MNHN IM-2013-86155. B. Pupa sulcata (Gmelin, 1791), MHNH IM-2013-86146. C. Pupa nitidula (Lamarck, 1822), MNHN IM-2013-86157. D. Pupa coccinata (Reeve, 1842), MHNH IM-2013-86143. E. Pupa affinis (A. Adams, 1855), MNHN IM-2013-86144. F. Pupa charlesi sp. nov., MNHN IM-2013-86154." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7860372" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7860372/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">6D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="13512A0BFF9D467F8FDD2E3F40FBFD8B" box="[413,449,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1561,1585]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1537]" captionTargetId="figure-24@12.[151,1436,181,1537]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 7. Scanning electron micrographs of the radulae of specimens from Koumac, New Caledonia. A. Pupa solidula (Linnaeus, 1758), MNHN IM-2013-86155. B. Pupa sulcata (Gmelin, 1791), MHNH IM-2013-86146. C. Pupa nitidula (Lamarck, 1822), MNHN IM-2013-86157. D. Pupa coccinata (Reeve, 1842), MHNH IM-2013-86143. E. Pupa affinis (A. Adams, 1855), MNHN IM-2013-86144. F. Pupa charlesi sp. nov., MNHN IM-2013-86154." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7860376" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7860376/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">7D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="13512A0BFF9D467F8F8D2E3F40CBFD8B" box="[461,497,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="13.[152,255,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1868]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[151,1436,181,1868]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 8. Scanning electron micrographs of the jaw elements of specimens from Koumac, New Caledonia. A. Pupa solidula (Linnaeus, 1758), MNHN IM-2013-86155. B. Pupa sulcata (Gmelin, 1791), MHNH IM-2013-86146. C. Pupa nitidula (Lamarck, 1822), MNHN IM-2013-86157. D. Pupa coccinata (Reeve, 1842), MHNH IM-2013-86143. E. Pupa affinis (A. Adams, 1855), MNHN IM-2013-86144. F. Pupa charlesi sp. nov., MNHN IM-2013-86154." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7860380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7860380/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">8D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="13512A0BFF9D467F8FBD2E3F4322FD8B" box="[509,536,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1341,1365]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1317]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1317]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 11. Photographs of shell specimens of Pupa coccinata (Reeve, 1842), ventral view. AC. Syntypes of Tornatella coccinata Reeve, 1842 (NHMUK 1998142), ©NHMUK, photos by K. Webb. D. Holotype of Pupa roseomaculata Iredale, 1936 (AM C.60702), ©AM. E. Syntype of Tornatella insculpta Reeve, 1842 (NHMUK 196957), ©NHMUK, photo by K. Webb. F. Specimen from Koumac, New Caledonia (MHNH IM-2013-86186). G. Specimen from Koumac, New Caledonia (MHNH IM- 2013-86153). H. Specimen from Koumac, New Caledonia (MHNH IM-2013-86143)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7860390" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7860390/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">11</figureCitation>
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<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9D467F8ED72E7B4052FDC9" box="[151,360,615,639]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">Tornatella coccinata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B7FFF9D467F8F2F2E744318FDC9" author="Reeve, L. A." box="[367,546,615,639]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" pagination="58 - 62" refId="ref25717" refString="Reeve, L. A. (1842 a) Monograph of the genus Tornatella, a small group of Pectinibranchiate Mollusks of the family Plicacea, including descriptions of seven new species, from the collection of H. Cuming, Esq. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 10, 58 - 62." type="journal article" year="1842">Reeve, 1842a: 60</bibRefCitation>
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: pl. 206, fig. 10.
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<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9D467F8EE02E9A404AFD28" box="[160,368,646,670]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">Tornatella insculpta</emphasis>
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: pl. 206, fig. 2.
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locality:
<collectingRegion id="49AEF86CFF9D467F8DE72E9A42C5FD28" box="[935,1023,646,670]" country="Philippines" name="Masbate" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">Masbate</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F37D761EFF9D467F8A4A2E9A4545FD28" box="[1034,1151,646,670]" name="Philippines" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">Philippines</collectingCountry>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD5368EFF9D467F8ED72EB9454BFD0A" blockId="16.[151,1304,615,701]" box="[151,1137,676,701]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7A11A0FF9D467F8ED72EB9454BFD0A" box="[151,1137,676,701]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">
<treatmentCitation id="0ACB109FFF9D467F8ED72EB94310FD0B" author="Iredale, T." box="[151,554,676,701]" page="331" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" year="1936">
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D0DFF9D467F8ED72EB94310FD0B" ID-CoL="4QJK3" authority="Iredale, 1936: 331" authorityName="Iredale" authorityPageNumber="331" authorityYear="1936" box="[151,554,676,701]" class="Gastropoda" family="Acteonidae" genus="Pupa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="roseomaculata">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9D467F8ED72EB94053FD0A" box="[151,361,676,700]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">Pupa roseomaculata</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B023CD3FF9D467F8F2F2EB84310FD0B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4089552346" box="[367,554,676,701]" country="Australia" location="Sydney Harbour" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" specimenCount="1">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B7FFF9D467F8F2F2EB84310FD0B" author="Iredale, T." box="[367,554,676,701]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" pagination="267 - 340" refId="ref24124" refString="Iredale, T. (1936) Australian molluscan notes No. 2. Records of the Australian Museum, 19, 267 - 340, pls. 20 - 24. https: // doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.19.1936.704" type="journal article" year="1936">Iredale, 1936: 331</bibRefCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 24, fig. 29.
<typeStatus id="54D1882CFF9D467F8C892EB943C1FD0B" box="[713,763,677,701]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
<location id="8EB56055FF9D467F8D1B2EB8453EFD0A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C38798FF9D467D8ED72DE34082FEF7:8EB56055FF9D467F8D1B2EB8453EFD0A" box="[859,1028,676,700]" country="Australia" name="Sydney Harbour" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">Sydney Harbour</location>
,
<collectingCountry id="F37D761EFF9D467F8A4C2EB84556FD0A" box="[1036,1132,676,700]" name="Australia" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">Australia</collectingCountry>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3706505FF9D467F8ED72EF744A6F967" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD5368EFF9D467F8ED72EF74240FCFB" blockId="16.[151,1437,746,2033]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9D467F8ED72EF74005FCB2" bold="true" box="[151,319,746,773]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">Type material</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D0DFF9D467F8F0E2EF7430DFCB2" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1842" box="[334,567,747,773]" class="Gastropoda" family="Acteonidae" genus="Tornatella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="coccinata">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9D467F8F0E2EF7430DFCB2" box="[334,567,747,773]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">Tornatella coccinata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<materialsCitation id="3B023CD3FF9D467F8C152EF74240FCFB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4089552344" collectionCode="AM" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" specimenCode="NHMUK 1998142, NHMUK 196957" specimenCount="5" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="9D6CFD07FF9D467F8C152EF743F4FCB3" box="[597,718,747,773]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" type="generic" typeStatus="syntypes">3 syntypes</specimenCount>
, dry shells,
<quantity id="4C929B6BFF9D467F8D172EF742EBFCB3" box="[855,977,747,773]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" unit="mm" value="28.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="26.0">2630 mm</quantity>
long (
<specimenCode id="DBCC9EF5FF9D467F8A5A2EF745CEFCB3" box="[1050,1268,747,773]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" type="Museum">NHMUK 1998142</specimenCode>
), illustrated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B7FFF9D467F8ED72F134092FC9F" author="Higo, S. &amp; Callomon, P. &amp; Goto, Y." box="[151,424,783,809]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" refId="ref23870" refString="Higo, S., Callomon, P. &amp; Goto, Y. (2001) Catalogue and Bibliography of the Marine Shell-Bearing Mollusca of Japan. Type Figures. Elle Scientific Publications, Osaka, 208 pp." type="book" year="2001">
Higo
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9D467F8E992F13402FFC9F" box="[217,277,783,809]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">et al.</emphasis>
(2001: 137)
</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D0DFF9D467F8FF62F1343A1FC9F" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1842" box="[438,667,783,809]" class="Gastropoda" family="Acteonidae" genus="Tornatella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="insculpta">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9D467F8FF62F1343A1FC9F" box="[438,667,783,809]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">Tornatella insculpta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<specimenCount id="9D6CFD07FF9D467F8CF82F13420EFC9F" box="[696,820,783,809]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" type="generic" typeStatus="syntypes">2 syntypes</specimenCount>
, dry shells,
<quantity id="4C929B6BFF9D467F8D822F13450AFC9F" box="[962,1072,783,809]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" unit="mm" value="11.0" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="9.0">913 mm</quantity>
long (
<specimenCode id="DBCC9EF5FF9D467F8A3D2F134476FC9F" box="[1149,1356,782,809]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" type="Museum">NHMUK 196957</specimenCode>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D0DFF9D467F8B212F134006FCFB" authorityName="Iredale" authorityYear="1936" class="Gastropoda" family="Acteonidae" genus="Pupa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="roseomaculata">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9D467F8B212F134006FCFB" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">Pupa roseomaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus id="54D1882CFF9D467F8F1A2F2F40FEFCFB" box="[346,452,819,845]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
, dry shell,
<quantity id="4C929B6BFF9D467F8C7E2F2F43B7FCFB" box="[574,653,819,845]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
long (
<collectionCode id="ED7BAE4BFF9D467F8C942F2F4239FCFB" box="[724,771,819,845]" country="Australia" name="Australian Museum" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" type="Museum">AM</collectionCode>
C.60702).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD5368EFF9D467F8E872F4A4469FC0F" blockId="16.[151,1437,746,2033]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9D467F8E872F4A4091FCC6" bold="true" box="[199,427,854,880]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">Material examined</emphasis>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B023CD3FF9D467F8FFA2F4B4230FC0F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4089552315" collectingDate="2018-09-12" collectionCode="MHNH" country="New Caledonia" elevation="15" latitude="-20.641666" location="Koumac" longLatPrecision="126" longitude="164.21834" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" specimenCode="IM-2013-86143, IM-2013-86153" specimenCount="2">
<location id="8EB56055FF9D467F8FFA2F4B4323FCC7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C38798FF9D467D8ED72DE34082FEF7:8EB56055FF9D467F8FFA2F4B4323FCC7" box="[442,537,855,881]" country="New Caledonia" latitude="-20.641666" longLatPrecision="126" longitude="164.21834" name="Koumac" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">Koumac</location>
lagoon,
<collectingCountry id="F37D761EFF9D467F8C3D2F4B4216FCC7" box="[637,812,855,881]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE5E5049FF9D467F8D7C2F444297FCC5" box="[828,941,856,883]" degrees="20" direction="south" minutes="38.5" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" precision="92" value="-20.641666">20°38.5S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE5E5049FF9D467F8DFA2F444501FCC5" box="[954,1083,856,883]" degrees="164" direction="east" minutes="13.1" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" precision="92" value="164.21834">164°13.1E</geoCoordinate>
),
<elevation id="0047D1BDFF9D467F8A102F4A45EAFCC7" box="[1104,1232,854,881]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" unit="m" value="15.0">
<quantity id="4C929B6BFF9D467F8A102F4A45B0FCC7" box="[1104,1162,854,881]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
[Koumac 2.1 stn. KR616, soft bottom],
<date id="FFD4104EFF9D467F8FD82F674317FC23" box="[408,557,891,917]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" value="2018-09-12">
<collectingDate id="EF90E9A6FF9D467F8FD82F674317FC23" box="[408,557,891,917]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" value="2018-09-12">12 Sep 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D6CFD07FF9D467F8C7C2F674384FC23" box="[572,702,891,917]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
<quantity id="4C929B6BFF9D467F8C882F674220FC23" box="[712,794,891,917]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
long (shell) (
<collectionCode id="ED7BAE4BFF9D467F8DFA2F67452BFC23" box="[954,1041,891,917]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">MHNH</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBCC9EF5FF9D467F8A5B2F6745EBFC23" box="[1051,1233,891,917]" collectionCode="IM-" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">IM-2013-86143</specimenCode>
, isolate KF68);
<specimenCount id="9D6CFD07FF9D467F8BCE2F67403BFC0F" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
<quantity id="4C929B6BFF9D467F8F482F83406DFC0F" box="[264,343,927,953]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
long (shell) (
<collectionCode id="ED7BAE4BFF9D467F8FAC2F834379FC0F" box="[492,579,927,953]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">MHNH</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBCC9EF5FF9D467F8C0B2F82423BFC0F" box="[587,769,926,953]" collectionCode="IM-" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">IM-2013-86153</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B023CD3FF9D467F8D552F834475FC0F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4089552317" box="[789,1359,927,953]" collectionCode="MHNH" country="New Caledonia" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" specimenCode="IM-2013-86186" specimenCount="1">
3 shells
<quantity id="4C929B6BFF9D467F8D312F8342D0FC0F" box="[881,1002,927,953]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" unit="mm" value="20.0" valueMax="21.0" valueMin="19.0">1921 mm</quantity>
long (
<collectionCode id="ED7BAE4BFF9D467F8A702F8345BDFC0F" box="[1072,1159,927,953]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">MHNH</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBCC9EF5FF9D467F8ACF2F83447CFC0F" box="[1167,1350,927,953]" collectionCode="IM-" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">IM-2013-86186</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD5368EFF9D467F8E872FDF459BFA07" blockId="16.[151,1437,746,2033]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9D467F8E872FDF40F2FC6B" bold="true" box="[199,456,963,989]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">External morphology</emphasis>
. Body oval, about the same width throughout (
<figureCitation id="13512A0BFF9D467F8D9C2FDF450EFC6B" box="[988,1076,963,989]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1786,1810]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1762]" captionTargetId="figure-24@6.[151,1436,181,1762]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Photographs of live animals from Koumac, New Caledonia, dorsal view. A. Pupa solidula (Linnaeus, 1758), MHNH IM-2013-86155. BC. Pupa sulcata (Gmelin, 1791), (B) MHNH IM-2013-86145, (C) MHNH IM-2013-86160. D. Pupa nitidula (Lamarck, 1822), MHNH IM-2013-86157. E. Pupa coccinata (Reeve, 1842), MHNH IM-2013-86143. F. Pupa affinis (A. Adams, 1855), MNHN IM-2013-86144. G. Pupa charlesi sp. nov., MHNH IM-2013-86159." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7860362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7860362/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
). Cephalic shield notched along entire length longitudinally, with two elongate posterior extensions covering anterior end of shell. Foot extending beyond cephalic shield laterally. Body color translucent white, with opaque white dots scattered all over dorsal surface of cephalic shield, foot. Shell solid, narrow, elongated, widest between 2/3 to 1/2 from anterior end (
<figureCitation id="13512A0BFF9D467F8B2F2833418EFBDB" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1341,1365]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1317]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1317]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 11. Photographs of shell specimens of Pupa coccinata (Reeve, 1842), ventral view. AC. Syntypes of Tornatella coccinata Reeve, 1842 (NHMUK 1998142), ©NHMUK, photos by K. Webb. D. Holotype of Pupa roseomaculata Iredale, 1936 (AM C.60702), ©AM. E. Syntype of Tornatella insculpta Reeve, 1842 (NHMUK 196957), ©NHMUK, photo by K. Webb. F. Specimen from Koumac, New Caledonia (MHNH IM-2013-86186). G. Specimen from Koumac, New Caledonia (MHNH IM- 2013-86153). H. Specimen from Koumac, New Caledonia (MHNH IM-2013-86143)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7860390" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7860390/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
). Sides convex, rounded to elongate anterior end. Body whorl large, about 5/6 of total length. Spire short, conical, with 4 whorls. Suture channeled. Aperture elongate, wider anteriorly, narrowing gradually towards posterior end, ending at 1/5 of the posterior end of first whorl. Columellar margin thickened, slightly oblique, with large, channeled anterior fold starting at anterior end of aperture; smaller, simple posterior fold located about aperture mid-length, separated from anterior fold by short gap. Apex of all specimens examined damaged, protoconch not observed. Sculpture composed of numerous punctuated spiral grooves. Punctuations conspicuous, irregular, oval, situated next to each other, fused together, within each groove. Grooves separated by gaps much wider than grooves. Shell color white to cream, checkered with orange or reddish, quadrangular patches, situated on gaps between punctuated spiral grooves all over shell. One or two bands on body whorl with smaller patches. Posterior whorls with smaller patches. Operculum translucent, elongate, brown with faint longitudinal striations (
<figureCitation id="13512A0BFF9D467F8A7A298B45AFFA07" box="[1082,1173,1431,1457]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[152,255,1524,1548]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,932,1500]" captionTargetId="figure-75@7.[151,1436,932,1500]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Photographs of the opercula of specimens from Koumac, New Caledonia. A. Pupa solidula (Linnaeus, 1758), MNHN IM-2013-86152. B. Pupa sulcata (Gmelin, 1791), MHNH IM-2013-86146. C. Pupa nitidula (Lamarck, 1822), MNHN IM-2013-86157. D. Pupa coccinata (Reeve, 1842), MHNH IM-2013-86143. E. Pupa affinis (A. Adams, 1855), MNHN IM- 2013-86144. F. Pupa charlesi sp. nov., MNHN IM-2013-86158." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7860368" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7860368/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD5368EFF9D467F8E8729A740D0F91B" blockId="16.[151,1437,746,2033]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9D467F8E8729A740F9FA63" bold="true" box="[199,451,1467,1493]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">Internal morphology</emphasis>
. Reproductive system with short, slightly curved penis, otherwise indistinct (
<figureCitation id="13512A0BFF9D467F8B7429A744B5FA63" box="[1332,1423,1466,1493]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[152,255,1580,1604]" captionTargetBox="[179,1409,181,1556]" captionTargetId="figure-24@10.[179,1409,181,1556]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Photographs of the male reproductive organs of specimens from Koumac, New Caledonia. A. Pupa solidula (Linnaeus, 1758), MNHN IM-2013-86155. B. Pupa sulcata (Gmelin, 1791), MHNH IM-2013-86146. C. Pupa nitidula (Lamarck, 1822), MNHN IM-2013-86157. D. Pupa coccinata (Reeve, 1842), MHNH IM-2013-86143. E. Pupa affinis (A. Adams, 1855), MNHN IM-2013-86144. F. Pupa charlesi sp. nov., MNHN IM-2013-86154." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7860370" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7860370/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
). Digestive system with elongate buccal mass (
<figureCitation id="13512A0BFF9D467F8CCE29C343DDFA4F" box="[654,743,1503,1529]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[152,255,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[166,1421,309,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-87@11.[166,1421,309,1862]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Photographs of the anterior portion of the digestive system of specimens from Koumac, New Caledonia. A. Pupa solidula (Linnaeus, 1758), MNHN IM-2013-86155. B. Pupa sulcata (Gmelin, 1791), MHNH IM-2013-86146. C. Pupa nitidula (Lamarck, 1822), MNHN IM-2013-86157. D. Pupa coccinata (Reeve, 1842), MHNH IM-2013-86143. E. Pupa affinis (A. Adams, 1855), MNHN IM-2013-86144. F. Pupa charlesi sp. nov., MNHN IM-2013-86154." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7860372" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7860372/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">Fig. 6D</figureCitation>
). Oral tube short, wide, connected to long, curved buccal bulb. Salivary glands, esophagus, connected on proximal end of buccal bulb. Radular formula 112 × 5.0.
<quantity id="4C929B6BFF9D467F8B422A1E4414F9AB" box="[1282,1326,1538,1565]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" unit="in" value="5.0">5 in</quantity>
a
<quantity id="4C929B6BFF9D467F8B0C2A1F44A7F9AB" box="[1356,1437,1539,1565]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
long specimen (
<collectingRegion id="49AEF86CFF9D467F8F092A3B409AF9F7" box="[329,416,1575,1601]" country="Ireland" name="Monaghan" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">MNHN</collectingRegion>
<collectionCode id="ED7BAE4BFF9D467F8FE82A3B40EFF9F7" box="[424,469,1575,1601]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">IM-</collectionCode>
2013-86143). Lateral teeth similar in shape, outer teeth slightly larger; cusp becoming proportionally longer towards outer edge (
<figureCitation id="13512A0BFF9D467F8C2F2A5743F3F9D3" box="[623,713,1611,1637]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1561,1585]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1537]" captionTargetId="figure-24@12.[151,1436,181,1537]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 7. Scanning electron micrographs of the radulae of specimens from Koumac, New Caledonia. A. Pupa solidula (Linnaeus, 1758), MNHN IM-2013-86155. B. Pupa sulcata (Gmelin, 1791), MHNH IM-2013-86146. C. Pupa nitidula (Lamarck, 1822), MNHN IM-2013-86157. D. Pupa coccinata (Reeve, 1842), MHNH IM-2013-86143. E. Pupa affinis (A. Adams, 1855), MNHN IM-2013-86144. F. Pupa charlesi sp. nov., MNHN IM-2013-86154." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7860376" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7860376/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">Fig. 7D</figureCitation>
). Teeth triangular, with broad base; elongate, curved, sharp cusp; 35 denticles similar to cusp in shape, generally shorter. Jaws with elongate elements, bearing 34 small, blunt projections apically (
<figureCitation id="13512A0BFF9D467F8FC32A8F40E7F91B" box="[387,477,1683,1709]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="13.[152,255,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1868]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[151,1436,181,1868]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 8. Scanning electron micrographs of the jaw elements of specimens from Koumac, New Caledonia. A. Pupa solidula (Linnaeus, 1758), MNHN IM-2013-86155. B. Pupa sulcata (Gmelin, 1791), MHNH IM-2013-86146. C. Pupa nitidula (Lamarck, 1822), MNHN IM-2013-86157. D. Pupa coccinata (Reeve, 1842), MHNH IM-2013-86143. E. Pupa affinis (A. Adams, 1855), MNHN IM-2013-86144. F. Pupa charlesi sp. nov., MNHN IM-2013-86154." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7860380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7860380/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">Fig. 8D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD5368EFF9D467F8E872AAA44A6F967" blockId="16.[151,1437,746,2033]" box="[199,1436,1718,1745]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9D467F8E872AAA40A3F966" bold="true" box="[199,409,1718,1744]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">Geographicrange</emphasis>
.WestPacificOcean,fromNewSouthWales,
<collectingCountry id="F37D761EFF9D467F8D392AAB42D8F967" box="[889,994,1719,1745]" name="Australia" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">Australia</collectingCountry>
,toJapan(Higo
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9D467F8AC52AAB4582F967" box="[1157,1208,1719,1745]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">etal.</emphasis>
,2001;presentpaper)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3706505FF9D467D8E872AC74082FEF7" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="489" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD5368EFF9D467F8E872AC742C2F847" blockId="16.[151,1437,746,2033]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9D467F8E872AC7400EF943" bold="true" box="[199,308,1755,1781]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">Remarks</emphasis>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B7FFF9D467F8F022AC740DCF943" author="Reeve, L. A." box="[322,486,1755,1781]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" pagination="58 - 62" refId="ref25717" refString="Reeve, L. A. (1842 a) Monograph of the genus Tornatella, a small group of Pectinibranchiate Mollusks of the family Plicacea, including descriptions of seven new species, from the collection of H. Cuming, Esq. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 10, 58 - 62." type="journal article" year="1842">Reeve (1842a)</bibRefCitation>
described the new species
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D0DFF9D467F8D562AC745ABF943" authority="Reeve, 1842" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1842" box="[790,1169,1755,1781]" class="Gastropoda" family="Acteonidae" genus="Tornatella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="coccinata">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9D467F8D562AC742C4F942" box="[790,1022,1755,1781]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">Tornatella coccinata</emphasis>
Reeve, 1842
</taxonomicName>
with a brief description and a reference to an illustration published in
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B7FFF9D467F8CCA2AE34212F8AF" author="Reeve, L. A." box="[650,808,1791,1817]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" pagination="130 - 300" refId="ref25775" refString="Reeve, L. A. (1842 b) Conchologia Systematica, or Complete System of Conchology; in Which the Lepades and Conchiferous Mollusca are Described and Classified According to Their Natural Organization and Habits. Vol. 2. Longman, Brown, Green, &amp; Longman's, London 338 pp., pls. 130 - 300. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 15996" type="book chapter" year="1842">Reeve (1842b</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 206, fig. 10) in
<date id="FFD4104EFF9D467F8DBA2AE34553F8AF" box="[1018,1129,1791,1817]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" value="1842-07">July 1842</date>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B7FFF9D467F8A322AE3442EF8AF" author="Reeve, L. A." box="[1138,1300,1791,1817]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" pagination="58 - 62" refId="ref25717" refString="Reeve, L. A. (1842 a) Monograph of the genus Tornatella, a small group of Pectinibranchiate Mollusks of the family Plicacea, including descriptions of seven new species, from the collection of H. Cuming, Esq. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 10, 58 - 62." type="journal article" year="1842">Reeve (1842a)</bibRefCitation>
commented that
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D0DFF9D467F8E8B2B3F406DF88A" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1842" box="[203,343,1827,1852]" class="Gastropoda" family="Acteonidae" genus="Tornatella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="coccinata">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9D467F8E8B2B3F406DF88A" box="[203,343,1827,1852]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">T. coccinata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinct from other similar species by having a remarkably sharp-pointed spire at the apex, somewhat depressed and rounded, and the shell covered with a number of small bright scarlet spots. The
<typeStatus id="54D1882CFF9D467F8B7A2B5B44A6F8D7" box="[1338,1436,1863,1889]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D0DFF9D467F8EF92B77407FF832" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1842" box="[185,325,1899,1924]" class="Gastropoda" family="Acteonidae" genus="Tornatella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="coccinata">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9D467F8EF92B77407FF832" box="[185,325,1899,1924]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">T. coccinata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(NHMUK 1998142) was illustrated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B7FFF9D467F8D582B77451CF833" author="Higo, S. &amp; Callomon, P. &amp; Goto, Y." box="[792,1062,1899,1925]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" refId="ref23870" refString="Higo, S., Callomon, P. &amp; Goto, Y. (2001) Catalogue and Bibliography of the Marine Shell-Bearing Mollusca of Japan. Type Figures. Elle Scientific Publications, Osaka, 208 pp." type="book" year="2001">
Higo
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9D467F8D1A2B7742ACF833" box="[858,918,1899,1925]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">et al.</emphasis>
(2001: 137)
</bibRefCitation>
and represents a well-preserved shell with a short spire and numerous bright orange quadrangular to oval spots.
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B7FFF9D467F8A692B9345FAF81F" author="Smith, E. A." box="[1065,1216,1935,1961]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" pagination="1881 - 2" refId="ref26609" refString="Smith, E. A. (1884) Mollusca. In: Report on the Zoological Collections Made in the Indo-Pacific Ocean During the Voyage of H. M. S. Alert 1881 - 2. Part I. The Collections from Melanesia; Part II. Collections from the Western Indian Ocean. The Trustees [of the British Museum (Natural History)], London, pp. 34 - 116 + 487 - 508." type="book chapter" year="1884">Smith (1884)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B7FFF9D467F8AB92B9344A6F81F" author="Pilsbry, H. A." box="[1273,1436,1935,1961]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" refId="ref25496" refString="Pilsbry, H. A. (1893) Manual of Conchology; Structural and Systematic. With Illustrations of the Species. Series 2. Vol. 15. Polyplacophora, (Chitons), Acanthochitidae, Cryptoplacidae and Appendix. Tectibranchiata. Conchiological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 436 pp., 61 pls." type="book" year="1893">Pilsbry (1893)</bibRefCitation>
considered
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D0DFF9D467F8F582BAF409AF87A" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1842" box="[280,416,1971,1996]" class="Gastropoda" family="Acteonidae" genus="Tornatella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="coccinata">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9D467F8F582BAF409AF87A" box="[280,416,1971,1996]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">T. coccinata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a variety of
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D0DFF9D467F8C0D2BAF43F9F87B" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[589,707,1971,1997]" class="Gastropoda" family="Acteonidae" genus="Pupa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solidula">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9D467F8C0D2BAF43F9F87B" box="[589,707,1971,1997]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">T. solidula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but provided no justification. Currently,
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D0DFF9D467F8AD12BAF4423F87A" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1842" box="[1169,1305,1971,1996]" class="Gastropoda" family="Acteonidae" genus="Tornatella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="coccinata">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9D467F8AD12BAF4423F87A" box="[1169,1305,1971,1996]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">P. coccinata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is regarded as a valid species of
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D0DFF9D467F8F3E2BCB4083F846" authorityName="Roding" authorityYear="1798" box="[382,441,2007,2032]" class="Gastropoda" family="Acteonidae" genus="Pupa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9D467F8F3E2BCB4083F846" box="[382,441,2007,2032]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">Pupa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B7FFF9D467F8C402BCB43A2F847" author="Hedley, C." box="[512,664,2007,2033]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" pagination="476 - 513" refId="ref23582" refString="Hedley, C. (1907) The Mollusca of Mast Head Reef, Capricorn Group, Queensland. Part II. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 32, 476 - 513, pls. 16 - 21. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 19577" type="journal article" year="1907">Hedley, 1907</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B7FFF9D467F8CE42BCB422EF847" author="Lin, G. - Y." box="[676,788,2007,2033]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" pagination="134 - 138" refId="ref24786" refString="Lin, G. - Y. (1990) Opisthobranchia fauna of the Hainan Island, China. Bulletin of Marine Science, 47, 134 - 138." type="journal article" year="1990">Lin, 1990</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B7FFF9D467F8D5F2BCB42D6F847" author="Heros, V. &amp; Lozouet, P. &amp; Maestrati, P. &amp; von Cosel, R. &amp; Brabant, D. &amp; Bouchet, P." box="[799,1004,2007,2033]" pageId="16" pageNumber="487" pagination="199 - 254" refId="ref23689" refString="Heros, V., Lozouet, P., Maestrati, P., von Cosel, R., Brabant, D. &amp; Bouchet, P. (2007) Mollusca of New Caledonia. In: Payri, C. E. &amp; Richer de Forges, B. (Eds.), Compendium of Marine Species from New Caledonia. 2 nd Edition. Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, Noumea, pp. 199 - 254." type="book chapter" year="2007">
Héros
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9D467F8D292BCB4298F847" box="[873,930,2007,2033]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="487">et al.</emphasis>
, 2007
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF156606FF9C467E8ED8292142C6FA53" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7860390" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7860390" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7860390/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="488" startId="17.[152,255,1341,1365]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1317]" targetPageId="17" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BD5368EFF9C467E8ED8292142C6FA53" blockId="17.[151,1437,1341,1509]" pageId="17" pageNumber="488">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9C467E8ED829214025FAE3" bold="true" box="[152,287,1341,1365]" pageId="17" pageNumber="488">FIGURE 11</emphasis>
. Photographs of shell specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D0DFF9C467E8CDA292242EDFAE3" authority="(Reeve, 1842)" baseAuthorityName="Reeve" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[666,983,1341,1365]" class="Gastropoda" family="Acteonidae" genus="Pupa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="17" pageNumber="488" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="coccinata">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9C467E8CDA29224200FAE3" box="[666,826,1342,1365]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="488">Pupa coccinata</emphasis>
(Reeve, 1842)
</taxonomicName>
, ventral view.
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9C467E8A3129214598FAE3" bold="true" box="[1137,1186,1341,1365]" pageId="17" pageNumber="488">AC</emphasis>
. Syntypes of
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D0DFF9C467E8B7429214047FACF" authority="Reeve, 1842" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1842" class="Gastropoda" family="Acteonidae" genus="Tornatella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="17" pageNumber="488" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="coccinata">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9C467E8B74292141C3FACF" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="488">Tornatella coccinata</emphasis>
Reeve, 1842
</taxonomicName>
(NHMUK 1998142), ©NHMUK, photos by K. Webb.
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9C467E8DE6297D4282FACF" bold="true" box="[934,952,1377,1401]" pageId="17" pageNumber="488">D</emphasis>
. Holotype of
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D0DFF9C467E8A02297E44A7FACF" authority="Iredale, 1936" authorityName="Iredale" authorityYear="1936" box="[1090,1437,1377,1401]" class="Gastropoda" family="Acteonidae" genus="Pupa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="17" pageNumber="488" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="roseomaculata">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9C467E8A02297E4429FACF" box="[1090,1299,1377,1401]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="488">Pupa roseomaculata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B7FFF9C467E8B58297D44A7FACF" author="Iredale, T." box="[1304,1437,1377,1401]" pageId="17" pageNumber="488" pagination="267 - 340" refId="ref24124" refString="Iredale, T. (1936) Australian molluscan notes No. 2. Records of the Australian Museum, 19, 267 - 340, pls. 20 - 24. https: // doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.19.1936.704" type="journal article" year="1936">Iredale, 1936</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(AM C.60702), ©AM.
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9C467E8FC4299940A1FA2B" bold="true" box="[388,411,1413,1437]" pageId="17" pageNumber="488">E.</emphasis>
Syntype of
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D0DFF9C467E8C5729994253FA2B" authority="Reeve, 1842" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1842" box="[535,873,1413,1437]" class="Gastropoda" family="Acteonidae" genus="Tornatella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="17" pageNumber="488" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="insculpta">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9C467E8C57299943DEFA2B" box="[535,740,1413,1437]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="488">Tornatella insculpta</emphasis>
Reeve, 1842
</taxonomicName>
(NHMUK 196957), ©NHMUK, photo by K. Webb.
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9C467E8BC6299944AFFA2B" bold="true" box="[1414,1429,1413,1437]" pageId="17" pageNumber="488">F</emphasis>
. Specimen from Koumac, New Caledonia (MHNH IM-2013-86186).
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9C467E8D1129B5425FFA77" bold="true" box="[849,869,1449,1473]" pageId="17" pageNumber="488">G</emphasis>
. Specimen from Koumac, New Caledonia (MHNH IM- 2013-86153).
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9C467E8F6729D14001FA53" bold="true" box="[295,315,1485,1509]" pageId="17" pageNumber="488">H</emphasis>
. Specimen from Koumac, New Caledonia (MHNH IM-2013-86143).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD5368EFF9C467E8E872A084465F8B3" blockId="17.[151,1437,1555,2014]" pageId="17" pageNumber="488">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B7FFF9C467E8E872A084057F998" author="Reeve, L. A." box="[199,365,1556,1582]" pageId="17" pageNumber="488" pagination="58 - 62" refId="ref25717" refString="Reeve, L. A. (1842 a) Monograph of the genus Tornatella, a small group of Pectinibranchiate Mollusks of the family Plicacea, including descriptions of seven new species, from the collection of H. Cuming, Esq. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 10, 58 - 62." type="journal article" year="1842">Reeve (1842a)</bibRefCitation>
introduced the new name
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D0DFF9C467E8CE12A0F4526F998" authority="Reeve, 1842" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1842" box="[673,1052,1555,1582]" class="Gastropoda" family="Acteonidae" genus="Tornatella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="17" pageNumber="488" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="insculpta">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9C467E8CE12A0F42BFF99B" box="[673,901,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="488">Tornatella insculpta</emphasis>
Reeve, 1842
</taxonomicName>
for two dead shells found on the beach at
<collectingRegion id="49AEF86CFF9C467E8EBF2A2B4064F9E7" box="[255,350,1591,1617]" country="Philippines" name="Masbate" pageId="17" pageNumber="488">Masbate</collectingRegion>
Island,
<collectingCountry id="F37D761EFF9C467E8FFC2A2B4304F9E7" box="[444,574,1591,1617]" name="Philippines" pageId="17" pageNumber="488">Philippines</collectingCountry>
. This species was described and illustrated as having “the whole surface is painted with light brown spots.” However, examination of photos of the
<specimenCount id="9D6CFD07FF9C467E8D882A404566F9C0" box="[968,1116,1628,1654]" pageId="17" pageNumber="488" type="generic" typeStatus="syntypes">two syntypes</specimenCount>
revealed that one of them is completely white and the other is covered with orange spots, and it is very similar to specimens here assigned to
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D0DFF9C467E8ED72AB8401AF90B" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1842" box="[151,288,1700,1725]" class="Gastropoda" family="Acteonidae" genus="Tornatella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="17" pageNumber="488" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="coccinata">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9C467E8ED72AB8401AF90B" box="[151,288,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="488">P. coccinata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Some differences between the two species are that the spire of
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D0DFF9C467E8DB52AB84543F90B" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1842" box="[1013,1145,1699,1725]" class="Gastropoda" family="Acteonidae" genus="Tornatella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="17" pageNumber="488" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="insculpta">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9C467E8DB52AB84543F90B" box="[1013,1145,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="488">T. insculpta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is more elongate and less sharp, but this could be due to the state of the shell as well as the smaller size of the specimen. While
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D0DFF9C467E8B592AD444A7F957" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1842" box="[1305,1437,1735,1761]" class="Gastropoda" family="Acteonidae" genus="Tornatella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="17" pageNumber="488" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="insculpta">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9C467E8B592AD444A7F957" box="[1305,1437,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="488">T. insculpta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
could be a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D0DFF9C467E8FDD2AF0431CF8B3" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1842" box="[413,550,1772,1797]" class="Gastropoda" family="Acteonidae" genus="Tornatella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="17" pageNumber="488" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="coccinata">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9C467E8FDD2AF0431CF8B3" box="[413,550,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="488">P. coccinata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
this cannot be established with certainty based on the evidence available.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD5368EFF9C467D8E872B134082FEF7" blockId="17.[151,1437,1555,2014]" lastBlockId="18.[151,1436,151,321]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="489" pageId="17" pageNumber="488">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B7FFF9C467E8E872B13405EF89F" author="Iredale, T." box="[199,356,1807,1833]" pageId="17" pageNumber="488" pagination="267 - 340" refId="ref24124" refString="Iredale, T. (1936) Australian molluscan notes No. 2. Records of the Australian Museum, 19, 267 - 340, pls. 20 - 24. https: // doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.19.1936.704" type="journal article" year="1936">Iredale (1936)</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D0DFF9C467E8F982B0C4268F89F" authority="Iredale, 1936" authorityName="Iredale" authorityYear="1936" box="[472,850,1807,1833]" class="Gastropoda" family="Acteonidae" genus="Pupa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="17" pageNumber="488" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="roseomaculata">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9C467E8F982B0C4386F89F" box="[472,700,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="488">Pupa roseomaculata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B7FFF9C467E8C812B134268F89F" author="Iredale, T." box="[705,850,1807,1833]" pageId="17" pageNumber="488" pagination="267 - 340" refId="ref24124" refString="Iredale, T. (1936) Australian molluscan notes No. 2. Records of the Australian Museum, 19, 267 - 340, pls. 20 - 24. https: // doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.19.1936.704" type="journal article" year="1936">Iredale, 1936</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
based on several specimens collected by John Brazier inside Port Jackson Heads, Sydney Harbour. The specimens were originally identified by Brazier as
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D0DFF9C467E8ABE2B2844AFF8FB" box="[1278,1429,1844,1869]" class="Gastropoda" family="Acteonidae" genus="Buccinulus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="17" pageNumber="488" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="coccinatus">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9C467E8ABE2B2844AFF8FB" box="[1278,1429,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="488">B. coccinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B7FFF9C467E8E832B4B4059F8C7" author="Iredale, T." box="[195,355,1879,1905]" pageId="17" pageNumber="488" pagination="267 - 340" refId="ref24124" refString="Iredale, T. (1936) Australian molluscan notes No. 2. Records of the Australian Museum, 19, 267 - 340, pls. 20 - 24. https: // doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.19.1936.704" type="journal article" year="1936">Iredale (1936)</bibRefCitation>
argued the Australian shell did not agree with
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B7FFF9C467E8D342B444512F8C7" author="Reeve, L. A." box="[884,1064,1879,1906]" pageId="17" pageNumber="488" pagination="130 - 300" refId="ref25775" refString="Reeve, L. A. (1842 b) Conchologia Systematica, or Complete System of Conchology; in Which the Lepades and Conchiferous Mollusca are Described and Classified According to Their Natural Organization and Habits. Vol. 2. Longman, Brown, Green, &amp; Longman's, London 338 pp., pls. 130 - 300. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 15996" type="book chapter" year="1842">Reeves (1842b</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 206, fig. 10) illustration, and it is “certainly not a variety of Linnes species, so it must be described as new.”
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B7FFF9C467E8A702B6745EBF823" author="Iredale, T." box="[1072,1233,1915,1941]" pageId="17" pageNumber="488" pagination="267 - 340" refId="ref24124" refString="Iredale, T. (1936) Australian molluscan notes No. 2. Records of the Australian Museum, 19, 267 - 340, pls. 20 - 24. https: // doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.19.1936.704" type="journal article" year="1936">Iredale (1936)</bibRefCitation>
designated as the
<typeStatus id="54D1882CFF9C467E8ED72B8341C3F80F" box="[151,249,1951,1977]" pageId="17" pageNumber="488" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
an
<quantity id="4C929B6BFF9C467E8F632BBC4048F80C" box="[291,370,1952,1978]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="17" pageNumber="488" unit="mm" value="18.0">18 mm</quantity>
long shell, currently deposited at the Australian Museum (AM C.60702), whose photograph is available on the museums website (
<figureCitation id="13512A0BFF9C467E8C6D2BDF43AEF868" box="[557,660,1987,2014]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1341,1365]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1317]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1317]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 11. Photographs of shell specimens of Pupa coccinata (Reeve, 1842), ventral view. AC. Syntypes of Tornatella coccinata Reeve, 1842 (NHMUK 1998142), ©NHMUK, photos by K. Webb. D. Holotype of Pupa roseomaculata Iredale, 1936 (AM C.60702), ©AM. E. Syntype of Tornatella insculpta Reeve, 1842 (NHMUK 196957), ©NHMUK, photo by K. Webb. F. Specimen from Koumac, New Caledonia (MHNH IM-2013-86186). G. Specimen from Koumac, New Caledonia (MHNH IM- 2013-86153). H. Specimen from Koumac, New Caledonia (MHNH IM-2013-86143)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7860390" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7860390/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="488">Fig. 11D</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D0DFF9C467E8CE82BD842B5F86B" authorityName="Iredale" authorityYear="1936" box="[680,911,1987,2013]" class="Gastropoda" family="Acteonidae" genus="Pupa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="17" pageNumber="488" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="roseomaculata">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9C467E8CE82BD842B5F86B" box="[680,911,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="488">Pupa roseomaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been regarded as a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D0DFF9C467E8B662BD844A6F86B" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1318,1436,1987,2013]" class="Gastropoda" family="Acteonidae" genus="Pupa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="17" pageNumber="488" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="solidula">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9C467E8B662BD844A6F86B" box="[1318,1436,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="488">P. solidula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B7FFF9F467D8E8C2C8B40B4FF07" author="Higo, S. &amp; Callomon, P. &amp; Goto, Y." box="[204,398,151,177]" pageId="18" pageNumber="489" refId="ref23870" refString="Higo, S., Callomon, P. &amp; Goto, Y. (2001) Catalogue and Bibliography of the Marine Shell-Bearing Mollusca of Japan. Type Figures. Elle Scientific Publications, Osaka, 208 pp." type="book" year="2001">
Higo
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9F467D8F4B2C8B407EFF07" box="[267,324,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="489">et al.</emphasis>
, 2001
</bibRefCitation>
), however, comparison of the photographs of the
<typeStatus id="54D1882CFF9F467D8DFD2C8B4525FF07" box="[957,1055,151,177]" pageId="18" pageNumber="489" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D0DFF9F467D8A062C8B45F5FF06" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1842" box="[1094,1231,151,176]" class="Gastropoda" family="Acteonidae" genus="Tornatella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="18" pageNumber="489" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="coccinata">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9F467D8A062C8B45F5FF06" box="[1094,1231,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="489">P. coccinata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13512A0BFF9F467D8A9E2C8B445EFF07" box="[1246,1380,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1341,1365]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1317]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1317]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 11. Photographs of shell specimens of Pupa coccinata (Reeve, 1842), ventral view. AC. Syntypes of Tornatella coccinata Reeve, 1842 (NHMUK 1998142), ©NHMUK, photos by K. Webb. D. Holotype of Pupa roseomaculata Iredale, 1936 (AM C.60702), ©AM. E. Syntype of Tornatella insculpta Reeve, 1842 (NHMUK 196957), ©NHMUK, photo by K. Webb. F. Specimen from Koumac, New Caledonia (MHNH IM-2013-86186). G. Specimen from Koumac, New Caledonia (MHNH IM- 2013-86153). H. Specimen from Koumac, New Caledonia (MHNH IM-2013-86143)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7860390" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7860390/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="489">Fig. 11AC</figureCitation>
) and the
<typeStatus id="54D1882CFF9F467D8E812CA74019FF63" box="[193,291,187,213]" pageId="18" pageNumber="489" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D0DFF9F467D8F0B2CA74336FF63" authorityName="Iredale" authorityYear="1936" box="[331,524,187,213]" class="Gastropoda" family="Acteonidae" genus="Pupa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="18" pageNumber="489" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="roseomaculata">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9F467D8F0B2CA74336FF63" box="[331,524,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="489">P. roseomaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13512A0BFF9F467D8C5D2CA743B8FF63" box="[541,642,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="17.[152,255,1341,1365]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1317]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[151,1436,181,1317]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 11. Photographs of shell specimens of Pupa coccinata (Reeve, 1842), ventral view. AC. Syntypes of Tornatella coccinata Reeve, 1842 (NHMUK 1998142), ©NHMUK, photos by K. Webb. D. Holotype of Pupa roseomaculata Iredale, 1936 (AM C.60702), ©AM. E. Syntype of Tornatella insculpta Reeve, 1842 (NHMUK 196957), ©NHMUK, photo by K. Webb. F. Specimen from Koumac, New Caledonia (MHNH IM-2013-86186). G. Specimen from Koumac, New Caledonia (MHNH IM- 2013-86153). H. Specimen from Koumac, New Caledonia (MHNH IM-2013-86143)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7860390" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7860390/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="489">Fig. 11D</figureCitation>
) shows they are virtually identical, and therefore these two names are here regarded as synonyms. Moreover, the characteristics of the
<typeStatus id="54D1882CFF9F467D8D3E2CC342DAFF4F" box="[894,992,223,249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="489" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D0DFF9F467D8A4B2CC34586FF4E" baseAuthorityName="Reeve" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[1035,1212,223,248]" class="Gastropoda" family="Acteonidae" genus="Pupa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="18" pageNumber="489" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="coccinata">
<emphasis id="B91EEA9CFF9F467D8A4B2CC34586FF4E" box="[1035,1212,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="489">Pupa coccinata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are consistent with those of the specimens from
<collectingCountry id="F37D761EFF9F467D8F962D1F43B9FEAB" box="[470,643,259,285]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="18" pageNumber="489">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
here examined and therefore we confidently assign the newly collected specimens to this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>