246 lines
31 KiB
XML
246 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document id="3242B1CB1B5F90ACB767F6B67F2C40BA" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.1127.1.1" ID-ISSN="11755334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5057828" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1625188528868" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Samaai, Toufiek, Gibbons, Mark J. & Kelly, Michelle" docDate="2006" docId="038D1B081371FF89FED7FC523712FD0C" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01127p071.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1127 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1127.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429.6:Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleId="8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Latrunculia (Biannulata) spinispiraefera Brondsted, B 1924" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="49" masterDocId="FFB46370135EFFB9FFDFFFBE3668F90A" masterDocTitle="Revision of the genus Latrunculia du Bocage, 1869 Porifera: Demospongiae: Latrunculiidae) with descriptions of new species from New Caledonia and the Northeastern Pacific (" masterLastPageNumber="71" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="48" updateTime="1698982629527" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="C3140CFBD25CDDFE669C6FA86FA6D084">Revision of the genus Latrunculia du Bocage, 1869 Porifera: Demospongiae: Latrunculiidae) with descriptions of new species from New Caledonia and the Northeastern Pacific (</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C27196EC108D6BE12114272DDC84CBA1">Samaai, Toufiek</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8B20A583B320FC5266F140FB9D25300D">Gibbons, Mark J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8B0A11A1499FBD00829D8588B0007B5E">Kelly, Michelle</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="F8061A7A2A838B4F13534BDF842CF488">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="2877C314CC4F52DDB4C6615878CE6084">2006</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="C33EF9951371FF96FED7FC5235A3FD0C" box="[264,971,1004,1030]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9BAA1E1371FF96FED7FC5235A3FD0C" blockId="47.[264,971,1004,1065]" box="[264,971,1004,1030]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<heading id="D0D31D721371FF96FED7FC5235A3FD0C" bold="true" box="[264,971,1004,1030]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C24D19D1371FF96FED7FC5235A3FD0C" ID-CoL="3SLY4" authority="Brondsted, 1924" authorityName="Brondsted, B" authorityYear="1924" box="[264,971,1004,1030]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinispiraefera" subGenus="Biannulata">
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<emphasis id="B950760C1371FF96FED7FC5235A3FD0C" bold="true" box="[264,971,1004,1030]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="B950760C1371FF96FED7FC52349FFD0C" bold="true" box="[264,759,1004,1030]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Latrunculia (Biannulata) spinispiraefera</emphasis>
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Brøndsted, 1924
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33EF9951371FF96FED7FBB135A1FD7B" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9BAA1E1371FF96FED7FBB1345CFD23" blockId="47.[264,971,1004,1065]" box="[264,564,1039,1065]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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(
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<figureCitation id="131FB69B1371FF96FECFFBB13701FD23" box="[272,361,1039,1065]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="10.[264,367,283,307]" captionText="FIGURE 1. Scanning electron micrographs or drawings comparing discorhabd microscleres of Latrunculia spp: A, Latrunculia cratera du Bocage, 1869 (REPRODUCED FROM DU BOCAGE 1869); B. Latrunculia bocagei Ridley and Dendy 1886; C, L. apicalis Ridley and Dendy 1886; D, L. biformis Kirkpatrick 1908; E, L. basilis Kirkpatrick 1908; F, L. brevis Ridley and Dendy 1886; G. Latrunculia palmata Lévi 1964 (REPRODUCED FROM LéVI 1964); H. Latrunculia multirotalis Topsent 1905 (REPRODUCED FROM TOPSENT 1905); I. Latrunculia crenulata Lévi 1993 (REPRODUCED FROM LéVI 1993); J. Latrunculia ikematsui Tanita 1968; K. Latrunculia oxydiscorhabda Alvarez et al. 2002; L. Latrunculia triverticillata Alvarez et al. 2002; M. Latrunculia fiordensis Alvarez et al. 2002 (REPRODUCED FROM ALVAREZ et al. 2002); N. Latrunculia novaecaledoniae sp. nov.; O. Latrunculia austini sp. nov (SEM IMAGES FROM BILL AUSTIN); P. Latrunculia spinispiraefera Brøndsted, 1924 (REPRODUCED FROM BRøNDSTED 1924); Q. Latrunculia citharistae Vacelet 1969; R. Latrunculia purpurea Carter 1881; S. Latrunculia oparinae Samaai and Krasokhin 2002; T. Latrunculia lunaviridis Samaai and Kelly 2003." pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Figs 1P</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="131FB69B1371FF96FEA9FBB137EFFD23" box="[374,391,1039,1065]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="46.[264,367,1650,1674]" captionTargetBox="[308,1246,1097,1601]" captionTargetId="figure-335@46.[308,1260,1092,1621]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 7. Worldwide distributions of Latrunculia (Biannulata) species. Distributions of A) Latrunculia spinispiraefera Brøndsted, B) Latrunculia citharistae Vacelet, C) Latrunculia purpurea Carter, D) Latrunculia oparinae Samaai and Krasokhin; E) Latrunculia lunaviridis Samaai and Kelly; F) Latrunculia microacanthoxea Samaai and Kelly; G) Latrunculia kaakaariki Alvarez et al.; H) Latrunculia duckworthi Alvarez et al.; I) Latrunculia procumbens Alvarez et al.; J) Latrunculia wellingtonensis Alvarez et al., 2002; K) Latrunculia kaikoura Alvarez et al.; L) Latrunculia millerae Alvarez et al.; M). Latrunculia austini sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5057836" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5057836/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">7</figureCitation>
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;
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<tableCitation id="C6A69FA51371FF96FE4BFBB1379DFD23" box="[404,501,1039,1065]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="21.[264,352,283,307]" captionText="TABLE 2: Review of Latrunculia species worldwide, including material examined and new additions from recent collections and museum material. NE = Material not examined, dispersed in various collections worldwide." pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Tables 2</tableCitation>
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&
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<tableCitation id="C6A69FA51371FF96FDC4FBB13442FD23" box="[539,554,1039,1065]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="26.[264,352,723,747]" captionText="TABLE 3: Spicule dimensions of four morphometric variables measured in species of Latrunculia. Measurements in micrometers are ranges of 20 spicules with ranges in parentheses." pageId="47" pageNumber="48">3</tableCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9BAA1E1371FF96FED7FBE535A1FD7B" blockId="47.[264,969,1113,1139]" box="[264,969,1113,1139]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<taxonomicName id="4C24D19D1371FF96FED7FBE53480FD78" authority="Brondsted, 1924" authorityName="Brondsted, B" authorityYear="1924" box="[264,744,1115,1138]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinispiraefera">
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<emphasis id="B950760C1371FF96FED7FBE53445FD78" box="[264,557,1115,1138]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Latrunculia spinispiraefera</emphasis>
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Brøndsted, 1924
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</taxonomicName>
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, PG. 480, FIG 33 A–E
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33EF9951371FF96FED7FB1A351FFDEF" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B9BAA1E1371FF96FED7FB1A351FFDEF" blockId="47.[264,1325,1188,1894]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="B950760C1371FF96FED7FB1A379FFDB4" bold="true" box="[264,503,1188,1214]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<typeStatus id="549F14BC1371FF96FED7FB1A3712FDB4" box="[264,378,1188,1214]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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material.
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||
</emphasis>
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||
Not examined.
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B4CA0431371FF96FD71FB18351BFDEF" collectionCode="ZMUC" country="New Zealand" elevation="99" location="North Cape" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="549F14BC1371FF96FD71FB183579FDB7" box="[686,785,1190,1213]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<collectionCode id="ED3532DB1371FF96FCC2FB183505FDB7" box="[797,877,1190,1213]" country="Denmark" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">ZMUC</collectionCode>
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||
*
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<taxonomicName id="4C24D19D1371FF96FC5DFB183728FDEF" authority="Brondsted, 1924" authorityName="Brondsted, B" authorityYear="1924" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinispiraefera">
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<emphasis id="B950760C1371FF96FC5DFB1832C3FDB7" box="[898,1195,1190,1213]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Latrunculia spinispiraefera</emphasis>
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Brøndsted, 1924
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</taxonomicName>
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||
, depth
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<quantity id="4CDC07FB1371FF96FE52FB7037ADFDEF" box="[397,453,1230,1253]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.9" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="99.0">
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||
<elevation id="00094D2D1371FF96FE52FB7037ADFDEF" box="[397,453,1230,1253]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.9" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="99.0">99 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<quantity id="4CDC07FB1371FF96FE0FFB703475FDEF" box="[464,541,1230,1253]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.218688" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mi" value="2.0">2 miles</quantity>
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E of
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<location id="8EFBFCC51371FF96FD87FB7034BFFDEF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038D1B081371FF89FED7FC523712FD0C:8EFBFCC51371FF96FD87FB7034BFFDEF" box="[600,727,1230,1253]" country="New Zealand" name="North Cape" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">North Cape</location>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F333EA8E1371FF96FD3EFB70351BFDEF" box="[737,883,1230,1253]" name="New Zealand" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33EF9951371FF89FEE7FB4A327EF8F4" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9BAA1E1371FF96FEE7FB4A3215FC8C" blockId="47.[264,1325,1188,1894]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="B950760C1371FF96FEE7FB4A37A1FC04" bold="true" box="[312,457,1268,1294]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Description</emphasis>
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Massive, subspherical sponges,
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<quantity id="4CDC07FB1371FF96FCAEFB4A35ABFC04" box="[881,963,1268,1294]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
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in diameter. Surface finely granulated, with numerous short volcanoshaped oscules,
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<quantity id="4CDC07FB1371FF96FC15FAA23258FC3C" box="[970,1072,1308,1334]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.0">1–3 mm</quantity>
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high x
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<quantity id="4CDC07FB1371FF96FB49FAA23361FC3C" box="[1174,1289,1308,1334]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="1.0">1–10 mm</quantity>
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in diameter, with no indication of the presence of mammiform areolate porefields. Colour in life unknown; in preservative dark brown (modified from Brøndsted 1924).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9BAA1E1371FF96FEE7FA2A3413FF7C" blockId="47.[264,1325,1188,1894]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="B950760C1371FF96FEE7FA2A37C2FCA4" bold="true" box="[312,426,1428,1454]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Skeleton.</emphasis>
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||
The choanosomal skeleton consists of an irregular polygonalmeshed reticulation formed by wispy tracts of smooth styles. These tracts range in width from
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<quantity id="4CDC07FB1371FF96FB20FA02371EFCF4" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="175.0" valueMax="200.0" valueMin="150.0">150 –200 µm</quantity>
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in thickness but may be in some places very loosely arranged. There is no distinction between the primary and secondary fibres. Towards the surface of the sponge these spicules tend to be vertically arranged. The surface of the ectosome is lined with a layer of erect anisodiscorhabds.
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="8B9BAA1E1371FF89FEE7F93A34BDF8A4" blockId="47.[264,1325,1188,1894]" lastBlockId="48.[264,1323,284,1030]" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="B950760C1371FF96FEE7F93A37CEFF94" bold="true" box="[312,422,1668,1694]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Spicules.</emphasis>
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Megascleres: styles are smooth, centrally thickened, fusiform and slightly sinuous, with a narrow head region often looking like strongyloxeas, 420 x (10) m. Microscleres (
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<figureCitation id="131FB69B1371FF96FE63F96A344AFFE4" box="[444,546,1748,1774]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="10.[264,367,283,307]" captionText="FIGURE 1. Scanning electron micrographs or drawings comparing discorhabd microscleres of Latrunculia spp: A, Latrunculia cratera du Bocage, 1869 (REPRODUCED FROM DU BOCAGE 1869); B. Latrunculia bocagei Ridley and Dendy 1886; C, L. apicalis Ridley and Dendy 1886; D, L. biformis Kirkpatrick 1908; E, L. basilis Kirkpatrick 1908; F, L. brevis Ridley and Dendy 1886; G. Latrunculia palmata Lévi 1964 (REPRODUCED FROM LéVI 1964); H. Latrunculia multirotalis Topsent 1905 (REPRODUCED FROM TOPSENT 1905); I. Latrunculia crenulata Lévi 1993 (REPRODUCED FROM LéVI 1993); J. Latrunculia ikematsui Tanita 1968; K. Latrunculia oxydiscorhabda Alvarez et al. 2002; L. Latrunculia triverticillata Alvarez et al. 2002; M. Latrunculia fiordensis Alvarez et al. 2002 (REPRODUCED FROM ALVAREZ et al. 2002); N. Latrunculia novaecaledoniae sp. nov.; O. Latrunculia austini sp. nov (SEM IMAGES FROM BILL AUSTIN); P. Latrunculia spinispiraefera Brøndsted, 1924 (REPRODUCED FROM BRøNDSTED 1924); Q. Latrunculia citharistae Vacelet 1969; R. Latrunculia purpurea Carter 1881; S. Latrunculia oparinae Samaai and Krasokhin 2002; T. Latrunculia lunaviridis Samaai and Kelly 2003." pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 1P</figureCitation>
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||
): Anisodiscorhabds, the manubrium is roughly spined and expanded. The median whorl is circular, broad, flat and horizontally arranged, being the largest of the three whorls,
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<quantity id="4CDC07FB1371FF96FD85F89A34C2FE34" box="[602,682,1828,1854]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="25.0">25 m</quantity>
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in diameter. The median whorl is divided into three distinct segments, each possessing eight denticulate margins or spines. The subsidiary whorl is slanted upwards and is situated close to the apical whorl. The subsidiary whorl is divided into three distinct segments with seven to eight denticulate margins. The spines of the apical whorl are distally placed, almost parallel with the axis, ending in a crownlike tuft of acute spined projections,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D226197136EFF89FD5DFE2A34BDF8A4" box="[642,725,404,430]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="generic">
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<quantity id="4CDC07FB136EFF89FD5DFE2A34B9F8A4" box="[642,721,404,430]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="45.0">45 m</quantity>
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.
|
||
</specimenCount>
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BAA1E136EFF89FEE7FE053281F8DC" blockId="48.[264,1323,284,1030]" box="[312,1257,443,470]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136EFF89FEE7FE053579F8DF" bold="true" box="[312,785,443,469]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Substratum, depth range and ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
Found on hard substrata. Depth
|
||
<quantity id="4CDC07FB136EFF89FB40FE023281F8DC" box="[1183,1257,444,470]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BAA1E136EFF89FEE7FE5D327EF8F4" blockId="48.[264,1323,284,1030]" box="[312,1046,483,510]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136EFF89FEE7FE5D340DF8F7" bold="true" box="[312,613,483,509]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Geographic distribution</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FB69B136EFF89FDA9FE5A34D3F8F4" box="[630,699,484,510]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="46.[264,367,1650,1674]" captionTargetBox="[308,1246,1097,1601]" captionTargetId="figure-335@46.[308,1260,1092,1621]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 7. Worldwide distributions of Latrunculia (Biannulata) species. Distributions of A) Latrunculia spinispiraefera Brøndsted, B) Latrunculia citharistae Vacelet, C) Latrunculia purpurea Carter, D) Latrunculia oparinae Samaai and Krasokhin; E) Latrunculia lunaviridis Samaai and Kelly; F) Latrunculia microacanthoxea Samaai and Kelly; G) Latrunculia kaakaariki Alvarez et al.; H) Latrunculia duckworthi Alvarez et al.; I) Latrunculia procumbens Alvarez et al.; J) Latrunculia wellingtonensis Alvarez et al., 2002; K) Latrunculia kaikoura Alvarez et al.; L) Latrunculia millerae Alvarez et al.; M). Latrunculia austini sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5057836" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5057836/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
). North Cape,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F333EA8E136EFF89FCAEFE5A327AF8F4" box="[881,1042,484,510]" name="New Zealand" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33EF995136EFF89FEE7FDB53712FD0C" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BAA1E136EFF89FEE7FDB53294FA6C" blockId="48.[264,1323,284,1030]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136EFF89FEE7FDB537D9FB2F" bold="true" box="[312,433,523,549]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
This species was first described by Brøndsted (1924) from a single sample, collected off
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F333EA8E136EFF89FE7DFD8A342AFB44" box="[418,578,564,590]" name="New Zealand" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="549F14BC136EFF89FD5DFD8A3480FB44" box="[642,744,564,590]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24D19D136EFF89FCD0FD8A3236FB44" authority="Brondsted" authorityName="Brondsted, B" authorityYear="1924" box="[783,1118,564,590]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinispiraefera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136EFF89FCD0FD8A35B7FB47" box="[783,991,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">L. spinispiraefera</emphasis>
|
||
Brøndsted
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described as possessing spinispirae but these microscleres were determined to be foreign as
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5D7EF136EFF89FB66FDE2373EFB94" author="Bergquist, P. R." pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refId="ref35030" refString="Bergquist, P. R. (1968) The marine fauna of New Zealand: Porifera, Demospongiae, Part 1 (Tetractinomorpha and Lithistida). New Zealand department of Scientific and Industrial Research Bulletin 188 [New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir], 37, 105 pp., 15 pls. (+ fsp. in colour)." type="book" year="1968">Bergquist (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported, belonging to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24D19D136EFF89FDB9FD3A326EFB94" authority="Dendy (1924)" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1924" box="[614,1030,644,670]" class="Demospongiae" family="Trachycladidae" genus="Trachycladus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="stylifer">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136EFF89FDB9FD3A3534FB97" box="[614,860,644,669]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Trachycladus stylifer</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5D7EF136EFF89FCBCFD3A326EFB94" author="Dendy, A." box="[867,1030,644,670]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="269 - 392" refId="ref35486" refString="Dendy, A. (1924) Porifera: part 1. Non-Antartic sponges. Natural History Report. British Antartic " Terra Nova " Expedition, 1910. Zoology, 6 (3), 269 - 392, 15 pls." type="book chapter" year="1924">Dendy (1924)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which was collected and packed with the specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24D19D136EFF89FDBEFD12355AFBCF" authorityName="Brondsted, B" authorityYear="1924" box="[609,818,684,709]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinispiraefera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136EFF89FDBEFD12355AFBCF" box="[609,818,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">L. spinispiraefera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
described Brøndsted (See
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5D7EF136EFF89FBB1FD12334EFBCC" author="Bergquist, P. R." box="[1134,1318,684,710]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refId="ref35030" refString="Bergquist, P. R. (1968) The marine fauna of New Zealand: Porifera, Demospongiae, Part 1 (Tetractinomorpha and Lithistida). New Zealand department of Scientific and Industrial Research Bulletin 188 [New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir], 37, 105 pp., 15 pls. (+ fsp. in colour)." type="book" year="1968">Bergquist 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5D7EF136EFF89FED7FD6A3787FBE4" author="Alvarez, B. & Bergquist P. R. & Battershill C. N." box="[264,495,724,750]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="151 - 184" refId="ref34711" refString="Alvarez, B., Bergquist P. R. & Battershill C. N. (2002) Taxonomic revision of the genus Latrunculia du Bocage (Porifera: Demospongiae: Latrunculiidae) in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 36, 151 - 184." type="journal article" year="2002">
|
||
Alvarez
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136EFF89FEB3FD6A37C8FBE7" box="[364,416,724,749]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2002
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5D7EF136EFF89FDDCFD6A34A2FBE4" author="Bergquist, P. R." box="[515,714,724,750]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refId="ref35030" refString="Bergquist, P. R. (1968) The marine fauna of New Zealand: Porifera, Demospongiae, Part 1 (Tetractinomorpha and Lithistida). New Zealand department of Scientific and Industrial Research Bulletin 188 [New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir], 37, 105 pp., 15 pls. (+ fsp. in colour)." type="book" year="1968">Bergquist (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
subsequently concluded that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24D19D136EFF89FBFAFD6A329EFBE7" authorityName="Brondsted, B" authorityYear="1924" box="[1061,1270,724,749]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinispiraefera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136EFF89FBFAFD6A329EFBE7" box="[1061,1270,724,749]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">L. spinispiraefera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was a species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24D19D136EFF89FE48FD423450FA1F" authorityName="Hentschel" authorityYear="1914" box="[407,568,764,789]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lendenfeldi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136EFF89FE48FD423450FA1F" box="[407,568,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">L. lendenfeldi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which in turn was considered a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24D19D136EFF89FB48FD423295FA1F" authorityName="Ridley and Dendy" authorityYear="1886" box="[1175,1277,764,789]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="brevis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136EFF89FB48FD423295FA1F" box="[1175,1277,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">L. brevis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5D7EF136EFF89FED7FC9A37A2FA34" author="Bergquist, P. R." box="[264,458,804,830]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refId="ref35030" refString="Bergquist, P. R. (1968) The marine fauna of New Zealand: Porifera, Demospongiae, Part 1 (Tetractinomorpha and Lithistida). New Zealand department of Scientific and Industrial Research Bulletin 188 [New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir], 37, 105 pp., 15 pls. (+ fsp. in colour)." type="book" year="1968">Bergquist, 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The conspecifity of the latter two species were invalidated in that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24D19D136EFF89FACCFC9A37E2FA6F" authorityName="Hentschel" authorityYear="1914" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lendenfeldi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136EFF89FACCFC9A37E2FA6F" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">L. lendenfeldi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is considered a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24D19D136EFF89FCF8FCF235FBFA6F" authorityName="Ridley and Dendy" authorityYear="1887" box="[807,915,844,869]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="basilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136EFF89FCF8FCF235FBFA6F" box="[807,915,844,869]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">L. basilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see remarks under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24D19D136EFF89FB5FFCF23283FA6F" authorityName="Ridley and Dendy" authorityYear="1887" box="[1152,1259,844,869]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="basilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136EFF89FB5FFCF23283FA6F" box="[1152,1259,844,869]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">L. basilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BAA1E136EFF89FED7FCCA3712FD0C" blockId="48.[264,1323,284,1030]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
Although Brøndsted's
|
||
<typeStatus id="549F14BC136EFF89FDEEFCCA340BFA84" box="[561,611,884,910]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen was not examined, the structure of the acanthodiscorhabd and the geographic location strongly suggest that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24D19D136EFF89FBE3FC223366FABF" authorityName="Brondsted, B" authorityYear="1924" box="[1084,1294,924,949]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinispiraefera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136EFF89FBE3FC223366FABF" box="[1084,1294,924,949]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">L. spinispiraefera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not a species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24D19D136EFF89FE1BFC7A3440FAD7" authorityName="Ridley and Dendy" authorityYear="1886" box="[452,552,964,989]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="brevis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136EFF89FE1BFC7A3440FAD7" box="[452,552,964,989]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">L. brevis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but a separate and valid species (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6A69FA5136EFF89FC6BFC7A3271FAD4" box="[948,1049,964,990]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="21.[264,352,283,307]" captionText="TABLE 2: Review of Latrunculia species worldwide, including material examined and new additions from recent collections and museum material. NE = Material not examined, dispersed in various collections worldwide." pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Tables 2</tableCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6A69FA5136EFF89FBF9FC7A325DFAD4" box="[1062,1077,964,990]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="26.[264,352,723,747]" captionText="TABLE 3: Spicule dimensions of four morphometric variables measured in species of Latrunculia. Measurements in micrometers are ranges of 20 spicules with ranges in parentheses." pageId="48" pageNumber="49">3</tableCitation>
|
||
) (see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5D7EF136EFF89FB6DFC7A3705FD0C" author="Alvarez, B. & Bergquist P. R. & Battershill C. N." pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="151 - 184" refId="ref34711" refString="Alvarez, B., Bergquist P. R. & Battershill C. N. (2002) Taxonomic revision of the genus Latrunculia du Bocage (Porifera: Demospongiae: Latrunculiidae) in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 36, 151 - 184." type="journal article" year="2002">
|
||
Alvarez
|
||
<emphasis id="B950760C136EFF89FACAFC7A3777FD0F" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2002
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |