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<document id="E456F0EAF82DDF427C63EBBAEBD68164" ID-CLB-Dataset="45580" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.279866" ID-GBIF-Dataset="465ffc6f-023e-40fe-88f0-270e262d03d7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="279866" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460432663589" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha" docDate="2012" docId="03D23B67FFDDD825E7C5F9DF67A09155" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03173p068.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3173" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Acantholimnophila Alexander 1924" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="60" masterDocId="FFEB431FFFD9D823E752FF9C6434960F" masterDocTitle="Redescription of Notholimnophila Alexander and Acantholimnophila Alexander, poorly known New Zealand endemics (Diptera: Tipulomorpha: Limoniidae)" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="54" pageNumber="58" updateTime="1698331569982" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="CB40F99FB345DD4DA8E3657815222293">Redescription of Notholimnophila Alexander and Acantholimnophila Alexander, poorly known New Zealand endemics (Diptera: Tipulomorpha: Limoniidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B5BA7167D392EA9AD04F6C52983CDA05">Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="591755C2263558655FA0F6164808A0FC">2012</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03D23B67FFDDD825E7C5F9DF67A09155" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6495742" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119430707" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6495742" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D23B67FFDDD825E7C5F9DF67A09155" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D23B67FFDDD825E7C5F9DF67A09155" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">
<subSubSection id="C361D9FAFFDDD827E7C5F9DF66A59053" box="[151,657,1603,1628]" pageId="4" pageNumber="58" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BC48A71FFDDD827E7C5F9DF66A59053" blockId="4.[151,657,1603,1628]" box="[151,657,1603,1628]" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">
<heading id="D08C3D1DFFDDD827E7C5F9DF66A59053" bold="true" box="[151,657,1603,1628]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="58" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B90F5663FFDDD827E7C5F9DF66A59053" bold="true" box="[151,657,1603,1628]" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF1F2FFDDD827E7B8F9DF66A59053" ID-CoL="87CXS" authority="Alexander, 1924" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1924" box="[234,657,1603,1628]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Acantholimnophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90F5663FFDDD827E7B8F9DF65FE9053" bold="true" box="[234,458,1603,1628]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">Acantholimnophila</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFEAF780FFDDD827E683F9DF66A59053" author="Alexander" box="[465,657,1603,1628]" pageId="4" pageNumber="58" refString="Alexander, C. P. (1924) New or little-known Tipulidae (Diptera). XX. Australasian species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9, 177 - 194." type="journal article" year="1924">Alexander, 1924</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C361D9FAFFDDD827E7C5F910605390AE" box="[151,1127,1675,1698]" pageId="4" pageNumber="58" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BC48A71FFDDD827E7C5F910605390AE" blockId="4.[151,1127,1675,1698]" box="[151,1127,1675,1698]" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6BAD5FFFDDD827E7C5F910605390AE" box="[151,1127,1675,1698]" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF1F2FFDDD827E7C5F910660990AE" ID-CoL="87CXS" authority="Alexander, 1924: 368" authorityName="Alexander" authorityPageNumber="368" authorityYear="1924" box="[151,573,1675,1698]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Acantholimnophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90F5663FFDDD827E7C5F910656D90AD" box="[151,345,1676,1698]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">Acantholimnophila</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0ADAAC60FFDDD827E60DF917660990AE" author="Alexander" box="[351,573,1675,1697]" page="368" pageId="4" pageNumber="58" year="1924">
<bibRefCitation id="EFEAF780FFDDD827E60DF917663E90AE" author="Alexander" box="[351,522,1675,1697]" pageId="4" pageNumber="58" refString="Alexander, C. P. (1924) New or little-known Tipulidae (Diptera). XX. Australasian species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9, 177 - 194." type="journal article" year="1924">Alexander, 1924</bibRefCitation>
: 368
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="54C034D3FFDDD827E515F911664D90AD" box="[583,633,1677,1698]" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF1F2FFDDD827E584F910605790AE" ID-CoL="8CKHN" authority="Alexander, 1922" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1922" box="[726,1123,1675,1698]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Limnophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maorica">
<emphasis id="B90F5663FFDDD827E584F910679190AD" box="[726,933,1676,1698]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">Limnophila maorica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFEAF780FFDDD827E4FEF917605790AE" author="Alexander" box="[940,1123,1675,1697]" pageId="4" pageNumber="58" refString="Alexander, C. P. (1922 b) New or little-known Tipulidae (Diptera). IX. Australasian species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9, 297 - 315." type="journal article" year="1922" yearSuffix="b">Alexander, 1922b</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C361D9FAFFDDD827E7C5F95264CD915A" pageId="4" pageNumber="58" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BC48A71FFDDD827E7C5F95264CD915A" blockId="4.[151,1436,1742,2022]" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="B90F5663FFDDD827E7C5F952652590E8" bold="true" box="[151,273,1742,1767]" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
According to the analysis of
<bibRefCitation id="EFEAF780FFDDD827E50AF952673490E9" author="Ribeiro" box="[600,768,1742,1766]" pageId="4" pageNumber="58" refString="Ribeiro, G. C. (2008) Phylogeny of the Limnophilinae (Limoniidae) and early evolution of the Tipulomorpha (Diptera). Invertebrate Systematics, 22, 627 - 694." type="journal article" year="2008">Ribeiro (2008)</bibRefCitation>
, the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF1F2FFDDD827E429F952606690E9" box="[891,1106,1742,1766]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Acantholimnophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90F5663FFDDD827E429F952606690E9" box="[891,1106,1742,1766]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">Acantholimnophila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be recognized by the following combination of autapomorphic features: length of scape up to 1.5x the length of the pedicel; flagellomeres tubular in shape; veins R2 and R3 reaching the wing margin almost parallel to each other; gonostylus subterminal in position.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C361D9FAFFDDD826E795F8FD615291AE" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="4" pageNumber="58" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC48A71FFDDD827E795F8FD60059176" blockId="4.[151,1436,1742,2022]" box="[199,1073,1889,1914]" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="B90F5663FFDDD827E795F8FD65409175" bold="true" box="[199,372,1889,1914]" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">Redescription.</emphasis>
Coloration (male and female). General coloration pale brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC48A71FFDDD826E797F81A615291AE" blockId="4.[151,1436,1742,2022]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,1447,1953]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="B90F5663FFDDD827E797F81A656A9191" bold="true" box="[197,350,1926,1950]" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">Morphology.</emphasis>
Head (
<figureCitation id="134096F4FFDDD827E6EEF81966739192" box="[444,583,1925,1949]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 20" captionStartId="9.[151,264,903,926]" captionTargetBox="[161,1413,204,880]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,882]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 20. Acantholimnophila maorica (Alexander). Head. 19: lateral view. 20: dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279875/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="58">Figs 19–20</figureCitation>
). Antenna as long as body; Flagellum 14-segmented, tubular in shape, decreasing in length toward tip of antenna, bearing short verticils; scape slightly longer than pedicel and ca. 1.25x longer than wide; palpus 4-segmented, all segments tubular in shape; eyes separated dorsally by a wide area. Wing (
<figureCitation id="134096F4FFDCD826E7CDFA3B651493B0" box="[159,288,1447,1471]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 21" captionStart-1="FIGURES 22 – 23" captionStartId-0="9.[151,250,1457,1480]" captionStartId-1="10.[151,264,1652,1675]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,975,1436]" captionTargetBox-1="[198,1427,164,1626]" captionTargetId-0="figure@9.[151,1436,975,1436]" captionTargetId-1="figure@10.[167,1431,107,1635]" captionTargetPageId-0="9" captionTargetPageId-1="10" captionText-0="FIGURE 21. Acantholimnophila maorica (Alexander). Male holotype, wing." captionText-1="FIGURES 22 – 23. Acantholimnophila maorica (Alexander). 22: wing venation. 23: thoracic sclerites, lateral view." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/279876/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/279877/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">Figs 21–22</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134096F4FFDCD826E67EFA3B657893B0" box="[300,332,1447,1471]" captionStart="FIGURES 28 – 29" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1580,1603]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1555]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,195,1559]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 28 – 29. Acantholimnophila bispina (Alexander). Male holotype. 28: head and thorax, lateral view. 29: wing." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279880/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">29</figureCitation>
). Macrotrichia all along wing veins; Vein h situated near the origin of vein M+Cu; tip of Sc reaching wing margin at the same level as tip of vein A1; R1 long, slightly sinuous, reaching C at the level of tip of M4; r- r very faint or absent; origin of Rs situated near the level of vein A2; R2+3 very short; veins R2, R3 and R4 running parallel to each other, pointing downwards near tip of wing; r-m little shorter than basal section of M1+2+3; four branches of M reaching wing margin; cell M1 ca.
<date id="FFC5ACB1FFDCD826E581F9DC66DB9057" box="[723,751,1600,1624]" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">2x</date>
longer than its petiole; discal cell present; position of m-cu variable; A1 reaching wing margin at the level of vein Sc; A2 reaching wing margin near the level of origin of Rs. Thorax (
<figureCitation id="134096F4FFDCD826E7AAF912657A90A9" box="[248,334,1678,1702]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="8.[151,250,2011,2034]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1089,1999]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,1085,2000]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 18. Acantholimnophila maorica (Alexander). Male holotype, head and thorax, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279874/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">Figs 18</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134096F4FFDCD826E601F912654690A9" box="[339,370,1678,1702]" captionStart="FIGURES 22 – 23" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1652,1675]" captionTargetBox="[198,1427,164,1626]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[167,1431,107,1635]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 22 – 23. Acantholimnophila maorica (Alexander). 22: wing venation. 23: thoracic sclerites, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279877/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">23</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134096F4FFDCD826E6D2F912659490A9" box="[384,416,1678,1702]" captionStart="FIGURES 28 – 29" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1580,1603]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1555]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,195,1559]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 28 – 29. Acantholimnophila bispina (Alexander). Male holotype. 28: head and thorax, lateral view. 29: wing." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279880/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">28</figureCitation>
). Thoracic sclerites as in
<figureCitation id="134096F4FFDCD826E590F912670690A9" box="[706,818,1678,1702]" captionStart="FIGURES 22 – 23" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1652,1675]" captionTargetBox="[198,1427,164,1626]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[167,1431,107,1635]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 22 – 23. Acantholimnophila maorica (Alexander). 22: wing venation. 23: thoracic sclerites, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279877/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">Figure 23</figureCitation>
; tibial spurs very small, barely distinct. Male genitalia (
<figureCitation id="134096F4FFDCD826E7CDF92D651590C6" box="[159,289,1713,1737]" captionStart="FIGURES 24 – 26" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1921,1944]" captionTargetBox="[190,1410,196,1887]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,1900]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 24 – 26. Acantholimnophila maorica (Alexander). 24: Male genitalia, dorsal view. 25: aedeagus and associated structures, dorsal view. 26: male terminalia, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279878/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">Figs 24–26</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134096F4FFDCD826E67FF92D654C90C6" box="[301,376,1713,1737]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 31" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1261,1284]" captionTargetBox="[161,1419,224,1210]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,193,1240]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 31. Acantholimnophila bispina (Alexander). 30: male genitalia, dorsal view. 31: aedeagus and associated structures, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279881/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">30–31</figureCitation>
). Posterior margin of tergite 9 forming extensions longer than wide. Gonocoxite cone-shaped, ca. 2.15– 3.0x longer than wide, with an acute apex; gonostylus subterminal; lobe and clasper of gonostylus subequal in length, ca. 4.5x longer than wide; clasper of gonostylus harry, gradually narrowing and curved toward tip; interbase well developed, long and narrow, at least 5.0x longer than wide, not connected to each other medially; aedeagus relatively short, not extending posteriorly beyond mid length of gonocoxite; area of the aedeagal sheath between parameres and aedeagus very wide. Female terminalia (
<figureCitation id="134096F4FFDCD826E437F8FA67E29171" box="[869,982,1894,1918]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="12.[151,250,796,819]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,775]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,193,775]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 27. Acantholimnophila sp. (presumably maorica). Female ovipositor, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279879/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">Figure 27</figureCitation>
): hypogynial valve greatly developed, in lateral view ca. 2.5x broader than cercus; apex of hypogynial valve reaching about 2/3 of the length of cercus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF04DAF9FFDCD826E7C5FAF660DB938F" box="[151,1263,1386,1409]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279870/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="59" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1362]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BC48A71FFDCD826E7C5FAF660DB938F" blockId="5.[151,1263,1386,1409]" box="[151,1263,1386,1409]" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="B90F5663FFDCD826E7C5FAF66566938F" bold="true" box="[151,338,1386,1409]" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">FIGURES 10–11.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF1F2FFDCD826E60AFAF666EE938F" authority="Alexander" authorityName="Alexander" box="[344,730,1386,1408]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Notholimnophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exclusa">
<emphasis id="B90F5663FFDCD826E60AFAF66662938F" box="[344,598,1386,1408]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="59">Notholimnophila exclusa</emphasis>
(Alexander)
</taxonomicName>
. Female ovipositor. 10: lateral view. 11: dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF04DAF9FFDFD825E7C5F9CC61379068" box="[151,1283,1616,1639]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279871/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="60" targetBox="[183,1382,215,1592]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BC48A71FFDFD825E7C5F9CC61379068" blockId="6.[151,1283,1616,1639]" box="[151,1283,1616,1639]" pageId="6" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B90F5663FFDFD825E7C5F9CC65679069" bold="true" box="[151,339,1616,1639]" pageId="6" pageNumber="60">FIGURES 12–13.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF1F2FFDFD825E608F9CD66E89068" authority="Alexander" authorityName="Alexander" box="[346,732,1617,1639]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Notholimnophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exclusa">
<emphasis id="B90F5663FFDFD825E608F9CD666C9068" box="[346,600,1617,1639]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="60">Notholimnophila exclusa</emphasis>
(Alexander)
</taxonomicName>
. 12: wing venation. 13: thoracic sclerites, lateral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C361D9FAFFDFD825E797F91267A09155" pageId="6" pageNumber="60" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BC48A71FFDFD825E797F91267A09155" blockId="6.[151,1436,1678,1882]" pageId="6" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B90F5663FFDFD825E797F912650D90A9" bold="true" box="[197,313,1678,1702]" pageId="6" pageNumber="60">Remarks.</emphasis>
The study of
<bibRefCitation id="EFEAF780FFDFD825E68EF91266B090A9" author="Ribeiro" box="[476,644,1678,1702]" pageId="6" pageNumber="60" refString="Ribeiro, G. C. (2008) Phylogeny of the Limnophilinae (Limoniidae) and early evolution of the Tipulomorpha (Diptera). Invertebrate Systematics, 22, 627 - 694." type="journal article" year="2008">Ribeiro (2008)</bibRefCitation>
indicated a sister-group relationship between
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF1F2FFDFD825E3C6F912615F90A9" box="[1172,1387,1678,1702]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Acantholimnophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90F5663FFDFD825E3C6F912615F90A9" box="[1172,1387,1678,1702]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="60">Acantholimnophila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the widely distributed genus
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF1F2FFDFD825E68EF92E665C90C5" box="[476,616,1714,1738]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Epiphragma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90F5663FFDFD825E68EF92E665C90C5" box="[476,616,1714,1738]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="60">Epiphragma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, on the basis of shared apomorphic features such as the expansion of the aedeagal sheath between the medial margin of paramere and lateral margin of aedeagus, and the extended lateral margins of the interbases. In fact, the morphology of the male genitalia looks very similar in both genera. However,
<taxonomicName id="4C7BF1F2FFDFD825E7C5F88265179139" box="[151,291,1822,1846]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Epiphragma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90F5663FFDFD825E7C5F88265179139" box="[151,291,1822,1846]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="60">Epiphragma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species are larger flies, with wings strongly patterned with ocelliform markings, one or more additional cross-veins in cell C and first and second flagellomeres fused.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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