485 lines
59 KiB
XML
485 lines
59 KiB
XML
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<mods:titleInfo id="CA0C4080B46150AC31359CC157C752ED">
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<mods:title id="4AF00833614BD7398EE5F535A3672D9C">Nine in one: integrative taxonomic evidence of hidden species diversity in the widespread Zambezi grunter, Parauchenoglanis ngamensis (Siluriformes: Auchenoglanididae), from southern and south-central Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="70104B0B509CB21A89464F101351BF0A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="33B960799ACBA8A351E804FE716AACC3">Sithole, Yonela</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7F5DA442F9ED592BAA0713B0CB1924DD">National Research Foundation-South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (NRF-SAIAB), Makhanda, South Africa & Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="CA033F994B0D8EB96D1DAB33597EE8DE" type="email">y.sithole@saiab.nrf.ac.za</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="952E48FBE9DDFDF99E120A87B1F18403">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="5FC800F703665DB4164CEEAF19DD6492">Vreven, Emmanuel J. W. M. N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="89607F61F54EAA14E20C09D7B2DBC07F">National Research Foundation-South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (NRF-SAIAB), Makhanda, South Africa & Vertebrate Section, Ichthyology, Royal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA), Tervuren, Belgium</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="3A8AD415B5C3A23DE4A8A9E76E3DB14A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="8BDD58B198BB2D41EB7C5676C7537A1F">Bragança, Pedro H. N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A5E94422C3E8FD3DB969CC60F9B8201D">National Research Foundation-South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (NRF-SAIAB), Makhanda, South Africa & Department of Ichthyology, American Museum of Natural History (AMNH), New York, United States of America</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8C4F475102AC7837D5D3A16B61BD6E45">Musschoot, Tobias</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="814C8DB58D4B655C4CFE2DAEE783371D">Vertebrate Section, Ichthyology, Royal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA), Tervuren, Belgium</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="26E5367F46C12C28421581664C8FD7E6">Chakona, Albert</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="3ADDB306C2121F8922853C1A07527715">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="6F8850D20B8AA685F9E530DC5ABE9B46">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4565ADB621DAACE1AE8706834911CAD9">2024-11-13</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03DF87FDFF8EFFF3FC28F8841627E8A8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14504136" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14504136" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DF87FDFF8EFFF3FC28F8841627E8A8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DF87FDFF8EFFF3FC28F8841627E8A8" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" scope_order="Siluriformes">
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<subSubSection id="C36C6560FF8EFFF1FC28F8841079EE15" box="[935,1364,1871,1898]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC936EBFF8EFFF1FC28F8841079EE15" blockId="24.[935,1364,1871,1898]" box="[935,1364,1871,1898]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<heading id="D0818187FF8EFFF1FC28F8841079EE15" bold="true" box="[935,1364,1871,1898]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8EFFF1FC28F8841079EE15" bold="true" box="[935,1364,1871,1898]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8EFFF1FC28F88411D5EE15" authorityName="Sithole & Vreven & Bragança & Musschoot & Chakona" authorityYear="2024" box="[935,1272,1871,1898]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luendaensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8EFFF1FC28F88411D5EE15" bold="true" box="[935,1272,1871,1898]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Parauchenoglanis luendaensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2315782FF8EFFF1FB72F89B1079EE15" box="[1277,1364,1872,1898]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36C6560FF8EFFF1FBACF8B511F5EEE7" box="[1059,1240,1918,1945]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC936EBFF8EFFF1FBACF8B511F5EEE7" blockId="24.[825,1316,1918,1976]" box="[1059,1240,1918,1945]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8EFFF1FBACF8B511F5EEE7" bold="true" box="[1059,1240,1918,1945]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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(
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<figureCitation id="134D2A6EFF8EFFF1FBA1F8B41158EEE6" box="[1070,1141,1919,1945]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="25.[113,178,861,885]" captionTargetBox="[118,758,144,833]" captionTargetId="figure-839@25.[118,758,144,833]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 14. Photograph of the holotype of Parauchenoglanis luendaensis, RMCA_Vert_P.161764, 102.2 mm SL, Luenda River (Kasai). A, lateral view.B, dorsal view. C, ventral view. Scale bar: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14504128" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14504128/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
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;
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<tableCitation id="C6F40350FF8EFFF1FB0FF8B411E3EEE6" box="[1152,1230,1919,1945]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="11.[110,165,454,479]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Table 3. Morphometrics and meristics of the Parauchenoglanis species (re)described in this study.The given range for a species also includes holotype and paratype(s)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF096663FF9DFFE2FFE1FE0D13A1E8A0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" tableUuid="DF096663FF9DFFE2FFE1FE0D13A1E8A0">Table 3</tableCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C36C6560FF8EFFF1FCB6F8691009EEC7" box="[825,1316,1954,1976]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BC936EBFF8EFFF1FCB6F8691009EEC7" blockId="24.[825,1316,1918,1976]" box="[825,1316,1954,1976]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8EFFF1FCB6F8691107EEC7" authority="(Boulenger 1911)" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[825,1066,1954,1976]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ngamensis">
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<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8EFFF1FCB6F8691107EEC7" box="[825,1066,1954,1976]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Parauchenoglanis ngamensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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‘luenda’,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B1AFF8EFFF1FBF3F8691032EEC7" author="Sithole Y & Musschoot T & Huyghe CET" box="[1148,1311,1954,1976]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1387 - 414" refId="ref32334" refString="Sithole Y, Musschoot T, Huyghe CET et al. A new species of Parauchenoglanis (Auchenoglanididae: Siluriformes) from the Upper Lualaba River (Upper Congo), with further evidence of hidden species diversity within the genus. Journal of Fish Biologo 2023; 102: 1387 - 414. hups: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jOE. 15309" type="journal article" year="2023">
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Sithole
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<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8EFFF1FB4FF86811C4EEC8" box="[1216,1257,1954,1976]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2023
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<caption id="DF096663FF8FFFF0FFFEFC96158BEAB6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14504128" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14504128" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14504128/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" startId="25.[113,178,861,885]" targetBox="[118,758,144,833]" targetPageId="25" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8BC936EBFF8FFFF0FFFEFC9617E0EAD2" blockId="25.[113,739,861,969]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FFFEFC9615FBEA0A" bold="true" box="[113,214,861,885]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Figure 14.</emphasis>
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Photograph of the holotype of
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<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FE72FC96141BEAEE" authority=", RMCA" authorityName="RMCA" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luendaensis">
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<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FE72FC9615CFEAEE" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Parauchenoglanis luendaensis</emphasis>
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, RMCA
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</taxonomicName>
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_Vert_P.161764, 102.2 mm SL, Luenda River (Kasai). A, lateral view. B, dorsal view. C, ventral view. Scale bar:
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC936EBFF8FFFF0FFFEFC7A158BEAB6" blockId="25.[113,739,861,969]" box="[113,166,945,969]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">1 cm.</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C36C6560FF8FFFF0FFFEFBC21777ED25" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BC936EBFF8FFFF0FFFEFBC2172EED5E" blockId="25.[113,515,1033,1057]" box="[113,515,1033,1057]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FFFEFBC21477ED5E" box="[113,346,1033,1057]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Common English name:</emphasis>
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Luenda grunter.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC936EBFF8FFFF0FFFEFB881777ED25" blockId="25.[113,602,1090,1114]" box="[113,602,1090,1114]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FFFEFB881479ED25" box="[113,340,1090,1114]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Common French name:</emphasis>
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Mâchoiron de la Luenda.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36C6560FF8FFFF0FFFEFBB717DEECF6" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BC936EBFF8FFFF0FFFEFBB715CBEDAD" blockId="25.[113,763,1147,1234]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B1E3CB6FF8FFFF0FFFEFBB715CCEDAD" collectingDate="1964-04" collectionCode="RMCA" collectorName="Max Poll" country="Angola" county="River Luenda" latitude="-9.5" location="River Luenda" longLatPrecision="1299" longitude="20.25" municipality="Kasai" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" specimenCode="RMCA_Vert_P.161764" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kasai sub-basin" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FFFEFBB715FCEDEB" box="[113,209,1148,1172]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<typeStatus id="54CD8849FF8FFFF0FFFEFBB715E1EDEB" box="[113,204,1148,1172]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
:
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</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FF51FBB014E1EDEC" box="[222,460,1147,1171]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<specimenCode id="DBD09E90FF8FFFF0FF51FBB014E1EDEC" box="[222,460,1147,1171]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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||
RMCA_Vert_P.
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||
<quantity id="4C8E9B0EFF8FFFF0FEF1FBB014E1EDEC" box="[382,460,1147,1171]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.617641022" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="mm" value="1.617641022E8">161764</quantity>
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</specimenCode>
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||
</emphasis>
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, 102.2 mm SL,
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<collectingCountry id="F361767BFF8FFFF0FDE1FBB71794EDEB" box="[622,697,1148,1172]" name="Angola" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Angola</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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<collectingRegion id="49B2F809FF8FFFF0FD4CFBB715FBEDCC" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Kasai sub-basin</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
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<collectingCounty id="62A84E67FF8FFFF0FF6FFB501440EDCC" box="[224,365,1179,1203]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">River Luenda</collectingCounty>
|
||
(
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<geoCoordinate id="EE42502CFF8FFFF0FEF4FB5014ECEDCC" box="[379,449,1177,1203]" degrees="9" direction="south" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" precision="925" value="-9.5">
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||
9°30
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||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FE22FB52149EEDCD" box="[429,435,1177,1202]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">ʹ</emphasis>
|
||
S
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE42502CFF8FFFF0FE43FB50170FEDCC" box="[460,546,1177,1203]" degrees="20" direction="east" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" precision="925" value="20.25">
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||
20°15
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<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FD86FB521722EDCD" box="[521,527,1177,1202]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">ʹ</emphasis>
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||
E
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</geoCoordinate>
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||
); collector
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<collectorName id="2683533DFF8FFFF0FD18FB5017DAEDCC" box="[663,759,1179,1203]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Max Poll</collectorName>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FFC8102BFF8FFFF0FFFEFB7115CCEDAD" box="[113,225,1210,1234]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="1964-04">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8CE9C3FF8FFFF0FFFEFB7115CCEDAD" box="[113,225,1210,1234]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="1964-04">April 1964</collectingDate>
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</date>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936EBFF8FFFF0FFFEFB3F17DEECF6" blockId="25.[113,763,1267,1417]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1E3CB6FF8FFFF0FFFEFB3F1443EC54" collectingDate="1964-04" collectionCode="RMCA" collectorName="Max Poll" country="Angola" county="River Luenda" latitude="-9.5" location="Angola" longLatPrecision="1299" longitude="20.25" municipality="Kasai" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" specimenCode="RMCA_Vert_P.161761, RMCA_Vert_P.161762, RMCA_Vert_P.161763" specimenCount="3" stateProvince="Kasai sub-basin" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FFFEFB3F141AEC73" box="[113,311,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CD8849FF8FFFF0FFFEFB3F15FDEC74" box="[113,208,1268,1291]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(N = 9):
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FEC3FB3F14BCEC73" box="[332,401,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F361767BFF8FFFF0FEC3FB3F14BCEC73" box="[332,401,1268,1292]" name="Angola" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Angola</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBD09E90FF8FFFF0FE2BFB3817DBEC74" box="[420,758,1267,1291]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">RMCA_Vert_P.161761–161763</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D70FD62FF8FFFF0FFFEFAD8158AEC54" box="[113,167,1299,1323]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">three</specimenCount>
|
||
, 61.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4C8E9B0EFF8FFFF0FF64FAD81468EC55" box="[235,325,1299,1323]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.49" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="mm" value="84.9">84.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL;
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1E3CB6FF8FFFF0FEFCFAD8141DEC35" collectingDate="1964-04" collectionCode="RMCA" collectorName="Max Poll" country="Angola" county="River Luenda" latitude="-9.5" location="River Luenda" longLatPrecision="1299" longitude="20.25" municipality="Kasai" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" specimenCode="RMCA_Vert_P.161771, RMCA_Vert_P.161772" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Kasai sub-basin" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBD09E90FF8FFFF0FEFCFAD817EBEC54" box="[371,710,1299,1323]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">RMCA_Vert_P.161771–161772</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D70FD62FF8FFFF0FD41FAD817DBEC55" box="[718,758,1299,1322]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">two</specimenCount>
|
||
, 49.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4C8E9B0EFF8FFFF0FF23FAF9142AEC35" box="[172,263,1330,1354]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.33" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="mm" value="63.3">63.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL;
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1E3CB6FF8FFFF0FEB9FAF917D7EC35" box="[310,762,1330,1354]" collectingDate="1964-04" collectionCode="RMCA" collectorName="Max Poll" country="Angola" county="River Luenda" latitude="-9.5" location="River Luenda" longLatPrecision="1299" longitude="20.25" municipality="Kasai" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" specimenCode="RMCA_Vert_P.161735" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kasai sub-basin" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBD09E90FF8FFFF0FEB9FAF91700EC35" box="[310,557,1330,1354]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">RMCA_Vert_P.161735</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D70FD62FF8FFFF0FDB8FAF81772EC35" box="[567,607,1331,1354]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">one</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C8E9B0EFF8FFFF0FDE7FAF917FCEC35" box="[616,721,1330,1354]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.212" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="mm" value="121.2">121.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL;
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1E3CB6FF8FFFF0FFFDFA9917C2ECF6" collectingDate="1964-04" collectionCode="SAIAB" collectorName="Max Poll" country="Angola" county="River Luenda" latitude="-9.5" location="River Luenda" longLatPrecision="1299" longitude="20.25" municipality="Kasai" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" specimenCode="SAIAB 246236" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kasai sub-basin" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBD09E90FF8FFFF0FFFDFA991439EC16" box="[114,276,1361,1386]" collectionCode="SAIAB" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB 246236</specimenCode>
|
||
(ex. RMCA_Vert_P.161751–161753),
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D70FD62FF8FFFF0FD4EFA9917DAEC15" box="[705,759,1362,1386]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">three</specimenCount>
|
||
, 72.9–122.0 mm SL; collection details same as for the holotype
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36C6560FF8FFFF0FFFEFA60112BEA06" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936EBFF8FFFF0FFFEFA60112BEA06" blockId="25.[113,766,1450,1975]" lastBlockId="25.[810,1463,144,889]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FFFEFA60172EECBD" box="[113,515,1450,1474]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
Diagnosis:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FF6AFA61172EECBD" box="[229,515,1450,1474]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luendaensis">Parauchenoglanis luendaensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FD65FA6015BBEC9D" baseAuthorityName="Holly" baseAuthorityYear="1930" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ahli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FD65FA6015BBEC9D" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. ahli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FF2BFA01143AEC9D" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[164,279,1482,1506]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="altipinnis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FF2BFA01143AEC9D" box="[164,279,1482,1506]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. altipinnis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FEABFA011454EC9D" baseAuthorityName="Sauvage" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[292,377,1482,1506]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balaoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FEABFA011454EC9D" box="[292,377,1482,1506]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. balayi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FE0AFA011721EC9D" baseAuthorityName="Popta" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[389,524,1482,1506]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="buetikoferi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FE0AFA011721EC9D" box="[389,524,1482,1506]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. buettikoferi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FD96FA0117A5EC9D" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[537,648,1482,1506]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longiceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FD96FA0117A5EC9D" box="[537,648,1482,1506]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. longiceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FD1AFA0117D8EC9D" baseAuthorityName="Keilhack" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[661,757,1482,1506]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monkei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FD1AFA0117D8EC9D" box="[661,757,1482,1506]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. monkei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FFFEFA2115D1EF7E" baseAuthorityName="Pellegrin" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[113,252,1513,1537]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pantherinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FFFEFA2115D1EF7E" box="[113,252,1513,1537]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. pantherinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FEB9FA211481EF7E" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[310,428,1514,1537]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="punctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FEB9FA211481EF7E" box="[310,428,1514,1537]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. punctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by a broad humeral process (vs. pointed humeral process). It is further distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FD65F9C215E1EF40" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1911" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="altipinnis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FD65F9C215E1EF40" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. altipinnis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FF58F9E31404EF40" baseAuthorityName="Sauvage" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[215,297,1575,1599]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balaoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FF58F9E31404EF40" box="[215,297,1575,1599]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. balayi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FEBCF9E31491EF40" baseAuthorityName="Pellegrin" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[307,444,1575,1599]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pantherinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FEBCF9E31491EF40" box="[307,444,1575,1599]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. pantherinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FE7DF9E3174AEF40" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[498,615,1576,1599]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="punctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FE7DF9E3174AEF40" box="[498,615,1576,1599]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. punctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by coarse skin (vs. smooth skin).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FEBCF98C177FEF20" box="[307,594,1607,1631]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luendaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FEBCF98C177FEF20" box="[307,594,1607,1631]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Parauchenoglanis luendaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FF24F9AC1438EF01" authorityName="Sithole, Musschoot, Huyghe, Chakona & Vreven" authorityYear="2023" box="[171,277,1638,1662]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zebratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FF24F9AC1438EF01" box="[171,277,1638,1662]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. zebratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by humeral process clearly visible through the skin, presence of six to seven vertical rows of spots, and anterior margin of the pectoral-fin spine mostly smooth (vs. humeral process embedded under the skin, four to five bars, and anterior margin of the pectoral-fin spine mostly serrated).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FFFEF8C814BBEE64" box="[113,406,1795,1819]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luendaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FFFEF8C814BBEE64" box="[113,406,1795,1819]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Parauchenoglanis luendaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is readily distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FD65F8CF15FDEE45" authorityName="Modimo, Bernt, Monsembula Iyaba, Mbimbi & Liyandja" authorityYear="2024" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stiassnoae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FD65F8CF15FDEE45" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. stiassnyae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by truncated caudal fin (vs. rounded), dorsolaterally positioned eyes (vs. dorsally positioned), and the presence of regularly spaced vertical rows of spots on the flank (vs. irregularly spaced blotches).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FEA1F84B1763EEE7" box="[302,590,1920,1944]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luendaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FEA1F84B1763EEE7" box="[302,590,1920,1944]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Parauchenoglanis luendaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FF24F86B140BEEC8" box="[171,294,1952,1975]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ngamensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FF24F86B140BEEC8" box="[171,294,1952,1975]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. ngamensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FEBDF86B148FEEC8" box="[306,418,1951,1975]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lueleensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FEBDF86B148FEEC8" box="[306,418,1951,1975]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. lueleensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FE20F86B173CEEC8" box="[431,529,1951,1975]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="poikilos">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FE20F86B173CEEC8" box="[431,529,1951,1975]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. poikilos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FDC3F86B17F7EEC8" box="[588,730,1952,1975]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ernstswartzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FDC3F86B17F7EEC8" box="[588,730,1952,1975]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. ernstswartzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by absent background spots [
|
||
<figureCitation id="134D2A6EFF8FFFF0FBBDFF5B11ABE9D7" box="[1074,1158,144,168]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="25.[113,178,861,885]" captionTargetBox="[118,758,144,833]" captionTargetId="figure-839@25.[118,758,144,833]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 14. Photograph of the holotype of Parauchenoglanis luendaensis, RMCA_Vert_P.161764, 102.2 mm SL, Luenda River (Kasai). A, lateral view.B, dorsal view. C, ventral view. Scale bar: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14504128" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14504128/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 14A</figureCitation>
|
||
; vs. present black background spots in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FC0AFF7B112FE9B8" box="[901,1026,176,199]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ngamensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FC0AFF7B112FE9B8" box="[901,1026,176,199]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. ngamensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134D2A6EFF8FFFF0FB9AFF64114CE9B8" box="[1045,1121,175,199]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[133,773,1614,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-670@20.[133,773,1614,1870]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 9. Photograph of the typical colour pattern of a small-sized specimen of Parauchenoglanis dolichorhinus, SAIAB 85066, 52.4 mm SL, Kwanza River. Scale bar: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14504114" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14504114/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FBF4FF7B11C1E9B8" box="[1147,1260,175,199]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lueleensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FBF4FF7B11C1E9B8" box="[1147,1260,175,199]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. lueleensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134D2A6EFF8FFFF0FA8FFF641077E9B8" box="[1280,1370,175,199]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="20.[824,889,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[830,1470,1192,1871]" captionTargetId="figure-636@20.[830,1470,1192,1871]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 10. Photograph of the holotype of Parauchenoglanis lueleensis, SAIAB 118796, 95.4 mm SL, Luele River (Kasai). A, lateral view.B, dorsal view.C, ventral view. Scale bar: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14504118" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14504118/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 10C</figureCitation>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FA2DFF7B1659E999" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="poikilos">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FA2DFF7B1659E999" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. poikilos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134D2A6EFF8FFFF0FC0BFF0516F4E998" box="[900,985,206,231]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="23.[113,178,855,879]" captionTargetBox="[118,781,144,837]" captionTargetId="figure-627@23.[118,758,144,828]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 11. Photograph of the holotype of Parauchenoglanis poikilos, SAIAB 99100, 57.2 mm SL, Lovua River (Kasai). A, lateral view. B, dorsal view.C, ventral view.Scale bar: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14504120" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14504120/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 11A</figureCitation>
|
||
) or vermiculated pattern in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FB7CFF041053E999" box="[1267,1406,207,230]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ernstswartzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FB7CFF041053E999" box="[1267,1406,207,230]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. ernstswartzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134D2A6EFF8FFFF0FA02FF051678E879" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="23.[810,875,866,890]" captionTargetBox="[806,1455,144,838]" captionTargetId="figure-594@23.[815,1455,144,838]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 12. Photograph of the holotype of Parauchenoglanis ernstswartzi, SAIAB 118845, 96.6 mm SL, Lake Carumbo (Kasai). A, lateral view.B, dorsal view. C, ventral view. Scale bar: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14504122" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14504122/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 12A</figureCitation>
|
||
) or blotches in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FB88FF2411A2E879" box="[1031,1167,238,262]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megalasma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FB88FF2411A2E879" box="[1031,1167,238,262]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. megalasma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134D2A6EFF8FFFF0FB2CFF2511D0E879" box="[1187,1277,238,262]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="24.[129,194,915,939]" captionTargetBox="[133,773,144,887]" captionTargetId="figure-837@24.[133,773,144,887]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 13. Photograph of the holotype of Parauchenoglanis megalasma, SAIAB 118792, 72.5 mm SL, Luele River (Kasai). A, lateral view.B, dorsal view. C, ventral view. Scale bar: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14504126" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14504126/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 13A</figureCitation>
|
||
)] and unspotted head [
|
||
<figureCitation id="134D2A6EFF8FFFF0FCE3FEC616ECE85A" box="[876,961,269,293]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="25.[113,178,861,885]" captionTargetBox="[118,758,144,833]" captionTargetId="figure-839@25.[118,758,144,833]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 14. Photograph of the holotype of Parauchenoglanis luendaensis, RMCA_Vert_P.161764, 102.2 mm SL, Luenda River (Kasai). A, lateral view.B, dorsal view. C, ventral view. Scale bar: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14504128" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14504128/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 14B</figureCitation>
|
||
; vs. spotted in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FBD3FEC511F8E85A" box="[1116,1237,270,293]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ngamensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FBD3FEC511F8E85A" box="[1116,1237,270,293]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. ngamensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134D2A6EFF8FFFF0FB69FEC61000E85A" box="[1254,1325,269,293]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[129,194,936,960]" captionTargetBox="[133,773,144,908]" captionTargetId="figure-872@10.[133,773,144,908]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Photographs of the holotype of Parauchenoglanis ngamensis, BMNH 1910.5.31.35, 184.5 mm SL, Okavango River.A, lateral view.B, dorsal view. C, ventral view. Scale bar: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14504104" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14504104/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FACBFEC5109EE85A" box="[1348,1459,269,293]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lueleensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FACBFEC5109EE85A" box="[1348,1459,269,293]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. lueleensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134D2A6EFF8FFFF0FCBAFEE716A7E83A" box="[821,906,300,325]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="20.[824,889,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[830,1470,1192,1871]" captionTargetId="figure-636@20.[830,1470,1192,1871]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 10. Photograph of the holotype of Parauchenoglanis lueleensis, SAIAB 118796, 95.4 mm SL, Luele River (Kasai). A, lateral view.B, dorsal view.C, ventral view. Scale bar: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14504118" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14504118/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 10B</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FC2EFEE6112EE83B" box="[929,1027,300,324]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="poikilos">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FC2EFEE6112EE83B" box="[929,1027,300,324]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. poikilos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134D2A6EFF8FFFF0FB9AFEE71144E83A" box="[1045,1129,300,325]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="23.[113,178,855,879]" captionTargetBox="[118,781,144,837]" captionTargetId="figure-627@23.[118,758,144,828]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 11. Photograph of the holotype of Parauchenoglanis poikilos, SAIAB 99100, 57.2 mm SL, Lovua River (Kasai). A, lateral view. B, dorsal view.C, ventral view.Scale bar: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14504120" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14504120/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 11B</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FB0EFEE61022E83B" box="[1153,1295,301,324]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ernstswartzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FB0EFEE61022E83B" box="[1153,1295,301,324]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. ernstswartzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134D2A6EFF8FFFF0FAAFFEE71058E83A" box="[1312,1397,300,325]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="23.[810,875,866,890]" captionTargetBox="[806,1455,144,838]" captionTargetId="figure-594@23.[815,1455,144,838]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 12. Photograph of the holotype of Parauchenoglanis ernstswartzi, SAIAB 118845, 96.6 mm SL, Lake Carumbo (Kasai). A, lateral view.B, dorsal view. C, ventral view. Scale bar: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14504122" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14504122/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 12B</figureCitation>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FCA5FE861682E81B" box="[810,943,332,356]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megalasma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FCA5FE861682E81B" box="[810,943,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. megalasma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134D2A6EFF8FFFF0FC4FFE87113BE81B" box="[960,1046,332,356]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="24.[129,194,915,939]" captionTargetBox="[133,773,144,887]" captionTargetId="figure-837@24.[133,773,144,887]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 13. Photograph of the holotype of Parauchenoglanis megalasma, SAIAB 118792, 72.5 mm SL, Luele River (Kasai). A, lateral view.B, dorsal view. C, ventral view. Scale bar: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14504126" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14504126/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 13B</figureCitation>
|
||
)].
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FBB7FE87107BE81B" box="[1080,1366,332,356]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luendaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FBB7FE87107BE81B" box="[1080,1366,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Parauchenoglanis luendaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is differentiated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FC30FEA7117BE8FC" authorityName="Sithole & Vreven & Bragança & Musschoot & Chakona" authorityYear="2024" box="[959,1110,363,387]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chiumbeensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FC30FEA7117BE8FC" box="[959,1110,363,387]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. chiumbeensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by unspotted head and fins (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134D2A6EFF8FFFF0FA02FEA01679E8DC" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="25.[113,178,861,885]" captionTargetBox="[118,758,144,833]" captionTargetId="figure-839@25.[118,758,144,833]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 14. Photograph of the holotype of Parauchenoglanis luendaensis, RMCA_Vert_P.161764, 102.2 mm SL, Luenda River (Kasai). A, lateral view.B, dorsal view. C, ventral view. Scale bar: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14504128" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14504128/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 14B</figureCitation>
|
||
; vs. faintly spotted head and fins,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134D2A6EFF8FFFF0FB31FE411038E8DD" box="[1214,1301,394,418]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="26.[128,193,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[133,773,1130,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-782@26.[133,773,1130,1839]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Figure 15. Photograph of the holotype of Parauchenoglanis chiumbeensis, RMCA_Vert_P161724, 131.5 mm SL, Chiumbe River (Kasai). A, lateral view.B, dorsal view.C, ventral view. Scale bar: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14504132" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14504132/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 15B</figureCitation>
|
||
) and relatively high adipose fin height, 6.4%–7.7% SL (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134D2A6EFF8FFFF0FB4EFE61103AE8BD" box="[1217,1303,426,450]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="25.[113,178,861,885]" captionTargetBox="[118,758,144,833]" captionTargetId="figure-839@25.[118,758,144,833]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 14. Photograph of the holotype of Parauchenoglanis luendaensis, RMCA_Vert_P.161764, 102.2 mm SL, Luenda River (Kasai). A, lateral view.B, dorsal view. C, ventral view. Scale bar: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14504128" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14504128/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 14A</figureCitation>
|
||
; vs. low, 5.1%– 6.8% SL,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134D2A6EFF8FFFF0FC1FFE0216C5E89E" box="[912,1000,457,481]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="26.[128,193,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[133,773,1130,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-782@26.[133,773,1130,1839]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Figure 15. Photograph of the holotype of Parauchenoglanis chiumbeensis, RMCA_Vert_P161724, 131.5 mm SL, Chiumbe River (Kasai). A, lateral view.B, dorsal view.C, ventral view. Scale bar: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14504132" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14504132/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 15A</figureCitation>
|
||
). It is further distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FADFFE01109EE89E" box="[1360,1459,457,481]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="poikilos">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FADFFE01109EE89E" box="[1360,1459,457,481]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. poikilos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FCD6FE2216C4EB7F" box="[857,1001,489,512]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ernstswartzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FCD6FE2216C4EB7F" box="[857,1001,489,512]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. ernstswartzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by relatively shorter prepectoral fin length, 26.2%–29.5% SL (vs. longer, 30.6%–31.4% SL in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FAA9FDC210ABEB5F" box="[1318,1414,520,544]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="poikilos">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FAA9FDC210ABEB5F" box="[1318,1414,520,544]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. poikilos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and 28.6%–30.4% SL in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FB8FFDE311A2EB40" box="[1024,1167,552,575]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ernstswartzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FB8FFDE311A2EB40" box="[1024,1167,552,575]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. ernstswartzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). It is further differentiated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FCEBFD8C16EBEB20" box="[868,966,583,607]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="poikilos">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FCEBFD8C16EBEB20" box="[868,966,583,607]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. poikilos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FC73FD8C11ACEB20" box="[1020,1153,583,607]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megalasma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FC73FD8C11ACEB20" box="[1020,1153,583,607]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. megalasma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by small head, 31.0%–34.5% SL (vs. bigger, 35.0%–35.6% SL in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FB1DFDAC11DEEB01" box="[1170,1267,614,638]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="poikilos">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FB1DFDAC11DEEB01" box="[1170,1267,614,638]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. poikilos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and 34.8%–35.5% SL in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FCEAFD4D16C5EBE2" box="[869,1000,645,669]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megalasma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FCEAFD4D16C5EBE2" box="[869,1000,645,669]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. megalasma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). It is differentiated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FB60FD4D10A5EBE2" box="[1263,1416,645,669]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dolichorhinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FB60FD4D10A5EBE2" box="[1263,1416,645,669]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. dolichorhinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FCA5FD6E16B1EBC3" box="[810,924,677,700]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="patersoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FCA5FD6E16B1EBC3" box="[810,924,677,700]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. patersoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by truncated caudal fin (vs. rounded). It is further distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FC71FD0E11B0EBA3" box="[1022,1181,708,732]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dolichorhinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FC71FD0E11B0EBA3" box="[1022,1181,708,732]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. dolichorhinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by moderately depressed head; head depth 48.2%–59.2% HL (vs. depressed head; head depth 34.6%–40.0% HL).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FBBAFCC8107CEA64" box="[1077,1361,771,795]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luendaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FBBAFCC8107CEA64" box="[1077,1361,771,795]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Parauchenoglanis luendaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is further distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8FFFF0FC76FCE81141EA45" box="[1017,1132,803,826]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="patersoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FC76FCE81141EA45" box="[1017,1132,803,826]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. patersoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by external mandibular barbel reaching distal tip of pectoral-fin spine (vs. not reaching the tip of pectoral-fin spine).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36C6560FF8FFFF3FCA5FC5015C3E9B8" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936EBFF8FFFF0FCA5FC5016B9ECB9" blockId="25.[810,1460,922,1761]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FCA5FC50168CEACD" box="[810,929,923,946]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Description:</emphasis>
|
||
Morphometric and meristic data are given in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6F40350FF8FFFF0FAF5FC51161AEAAE" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="11.[110,165,454,479]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Table 3. Morphometrics and meristics of the Parauchenoglanis species (re)described in this study.The given range for a species also includes holotype and paratype(s)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF096663FF9DFFE2FFE1FE0D13A1E8A0" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" tableUuid="DF096663FF9DFFE2FFE1FE0D13A1E8A0">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
. Body elongated. Dorsal body profile gently rising from snout tip to origin of dorsal fin, dorsal fin base slightly concave, and straight from the origin of the adipose fin to caudal-fin base. Body depth highest at origin of dorsal fin. Ventral body profile slightly convex from lower jaw to end of caudal-fin base. Caudal peduncle laterally compressed. Fleshy flanges along the ventral and dorsal edge of the caudal peduncle to caudal fin base. Anus and urogenital opening positioned about halfway between pelvic- and anal-fin origins. Adipose fin longer than anal-fin base, originating anteriorly to anal-fin origin, between pelvic origin and anal-fin origin, ending at the end of anal-fin base. Dorsal and pectoral fins with strong spines. Dorsal-fin origin anterior to pelvic-fin origin. Posterior tip of pectoral-fin rays does not reach pelvic fin. Posterior tip of pelvic-fin rays does not reach anal fin. Pectoral-fin spine serrated on the posterior margin, and the anterior margin only serrated towards distal end only. Caudal fin truncated.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936EBFF8FFFF0FCCAFA0511E2EF9E" blockId="25.[810,1460,922,1761]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
Head moderately depressed. Snout profile bluntly triangular, on dorsal view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134D2A6EFF8FFFF0FC5FFA261109EF7A" box="[976,1060,1517,1541]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="25.[113,178,861,885]" captionTargetBox="[118,758,144,833]" captionTargetId="figure-839@25.[118,758,144,833]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 14. Photograph of the holotype of Parauchenoglanis luendaensis, RMCA_Vert_P.161764, 102.2 mm SL, Luenda River (Kasai). A, lateral view.B, dorsal view. C, ventral view. Scale bar: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14504128" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14504128/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 14B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mouth subterminal. Lips fleshy. Eyes small and situated dorsolaterally. Three pairs of barbels, base thick and tips pointed. External mandibular longest, reaching the distal tip of the pectoral-fin spine. Inner mandibular barbel shortest, reaching posterior edge of the eye. Maxillary barbel reaching beyond posterior edge of the eye, sometimes reaching the base of pectoral-fin spine. Posterior nostril slits positioned about halfway between snout tip and eye.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936EBFF8FFFF3FCA5F8C915C3E9B8" blockId="25.[810,1459,1794,1975]" lastBlockId="26.[129,777,144,199]" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8FFFF0FCA5F8C91122EE65" box="[810,1039,1794,1818]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Colouration in alcohol:</emphasis>
|
||
Body brown dorsally and laterally, and light brown ventrally. Body with black spots smaller than the eye forming six to seven vertical rows of black spots. No additional black spots in between the vertical rows, and this at all sizes. Head brown and unspotted. All fins unspotted. Distal tip of fin rays with no markings. Usually, two small black spots present above gill opening and one spot on caudal-fin base. Barbels unspotted.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36C6560FF8CFFF3FF0EFF2217CDE820" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936EBFF8CFFF3FF0EFF2217CDE820" blockId="26.[129,778,233,351]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8CFFF3FF0EFF22171BE87E" box="[129,566,233,257]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
Distribution:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8CFFF3FE9BFF22171BE87E" box="[276,566,233,257]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luendaensis">Parauchenoglanis luendaensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is currently known from the Luenda River, a left bank affluent of the Chicapa River, itself a left bank affluent of the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B2F809FF8CFFF3FE5FFEEC1725E840" box="[464,520,295,319]" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" name="Kasai-Oriental" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Kasai</collectingRegion>
|
||
further upstream of the Lulua, which itself is a right bank affluent of the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B2F809FF8CFFF3FDE9FE8C17B3E820" box="[614,670,327,351]" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" name="Kasai-Oriental" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Kasai</collectingRegion>
|
||
River.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36C6560FF8CFFF3FF0EFE4B1627E8A8" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936EBFF8CFFF3FF0EFE4B1627E8A8" blockId="26.[129,778,384,471]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8CFFF3FF0EFE4B172AE8E7" box="[129,519,384,408]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
Etymology:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D68FF8CFFF3FF7AFE4B172AE8E7" box="[245,519,384,408]" family="Claroteidae" genus="Parauchenoglanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luendaensis">Parauchenoglanis luendaensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is named after the Luenda River, Kasai sub-basin,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F361767BFF8CFFF3FEFAFE541493E8C8" box="[373,446,415,439]" name="Angola" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Angola</collectingCountry>
|
||
, where this species is currently known to occur.The suffix ‘-
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAF9FF8CFFF3FE02FE741495E8A9" box="[397,440,447,470]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">ensis</emphasis>
|
||
’, meaning ‘lives in’,has been added.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |