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<mods:title id="B3CCC32D921A15C4C52E989443530F85">A Taxonomic Revision of Chamaecrista (Caesalpinioideae, Cassieae, Cassiinae) in Southern Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BCDBF89BC3C25D56A8BB258905D3E4E9">Magee, Anthony R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E575EE4700A1E9C7BE7D396445306864">Compton Herbarium, South Africa National Biodiversity Institute, Kirstenbosch Research Centre, Private Bag X 7, Claremont, 7735, Cape Town, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4BD6942C45EAF272CE944FFDD56D3F6D">Boatwright, James S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="746D3B9568CA5E2F8FD59FDC7376DC5B">Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of theWestern Cape, Private Bag X 17, Bellville, 7535, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="8B8F3695F174A827FC99FE72FC3FFDB4" blockId="9.[829,1473,489,951]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000">
4.
<treatmentCitation id="0A911084F174A827FCF2FE72FC23FDB4" author="E. Mey." journal="Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr." page="160" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" score="0.25899635980558705" volume="1" year="1836">
<taxonomicName id="4C304D16F174A827FCF2FE72FB06FE56" ID-CoL="TJ8X" authority="E. Mey., Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr." box="[854,1160,489,510]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="comosa">
<smallCapsWord id="8D69A049F174A827FCF2FE72FC6DFE54" baselines="505,504" box="[854,995,489,510]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="9" normCase="title" normString="Chamaecrista" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000">CHAMAECRISTA</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D69A049F174A827FC4FFE75FBBBFE54" baselines="504" box="[1003,1077,494,508]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="9" normCase="lower" normString="comosa" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000">COMOSA</smallCapsWord>
E.Mey.
</taxonomicName>
,
<bibCitation id="5E1A3EF9F174A827FB37FE72FC23FDB4" journal="Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr." page="160" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" score="1.8365527308745127" volume="1" year="1836">Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr. 1: 160 (1836)</bibCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32A651EF174A827FC13FD9DFC3CFD07" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B8F3695F174A827FC13FD9DFC3CFD07" blockId="9.[829,1473,489,951]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000">
Brummitt in Fl.
<bibCitation id="5E1A3EF9F174A827FBF8FD9DFAF4FDB4" box="[1116,1402,518,540]" issue="2" journal="Zambesiaca" page="142" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" score="1.97023359760351E-6" volume="3" year="2007">Zambesiaca 3(2): 142 (2007)</bibCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C304D16F174A827FA27FD9DFBDCFD91" authority="(E. Mey.) Vogel, Syn. Gen. Cassiae" baseAuthorityName="E. Mey." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Cassia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="comosa">
<emphasis id="B944EA87F174A827FA27FD9DFC3FFD91" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000">Cassia comosa</emphasis>
(E.Mey.) Vogel
</taxonomicName>
, Syn. Gen. Cassiae 65. (1837);
<bibCitation id="5E1A3EF9F174A827FA27FDB8FA89FDFF" author="Ghesquiere" journal="Bull. Jard. Bot." page="153" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" score="200.21268671444128" volume="9" year="1932">
Ghesquiere in
<bibCitation id="5E1A3EF9F174A827FC73FDDAFA89FDFF" box="[983,1287,577,599]" journal="Bull. Jard. Bot." page="153" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" score="200.21268671444128" volume="9" year="1932">Bull. Jard. Bot. 9: 153 (1932)</bibCitation>
</bibCitation>
; Steyaert in Bull. Jard. Bot. Brux. 20: 251 (1950); Brenan in F.T.E.A Legum.- Caesalp.: 89 (1967);
<bibCitation id="5E1A3EF9F174A827FBF0FDE0FC20FD07" author="Gordon-Gray" issue="2" journal="F. S. A." page="96" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" score="11.373493747311016" volume="16" year="1977">
Gordon-Gray in
<bibCitation id="5E1A3EF9F174A827FAB0FDE7FC20FD07" issue="2" journal="F. S. A." page="96" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" score="11.373493747311016" volume="16" year="1977">F.S.A. 16(2): 96 (1977)</bibCitation>
</bibCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32A651EF174A827FC13FD02FB72FD42" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8F3695F174A827FC13FD02FB72FD42" blockId="9.[829,1473,489,951]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000">
<materialsCitation id="3B583CC8F174A827FC13FD02FB72FD42" collectionCode="PRE" collectorName="Grobbelaar" country="South Africa" location="500 m from the sea opposite Hills" municipality="Port Edward" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal Province" typeStatus="neotype">
<smallCapsWord id="8D69A049F174A827FC13FD02FC6AFD05" baselines="681,681" box="[951,996,665,686]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="9" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
:
<collectingCountry id="F3277605F174A827FC4BFD02FBF9FD04" box="[1007,1143,665,686]" name="South Africa" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" value="South Africa">
<smallCapsWord id="8D69A049F174A827FC4BFD02FBA0FD04" baselines="681,680" box="[1007,1070,665,686]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="9" normCase="title" normString="South" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000">SOUTH</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D69A049F174A827FB97FD02FBF9FD04" baselines="681,680" box="[1075,1143,665,686]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="9" normCase="title" normString="Africa" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000">AFRICA</smallCapsWord>
</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="49F4F877F174A827FB27FD02FA05FD07" box="[1155,1419,665,687]" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000">KwaZulu-Natal Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BEBACEFF174A827FA30FD02FC4DFD64" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000">Port Edward</collectingMunicipality>
,
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<quantity id="4CC89B70F174A827FC75FD2DFB9AFD64" box="[977,1044,694,716]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" unit="m" value="500.0">500 m</quantity>
from the sea opposite Hills
</location>
,
<emphasis id="B944EA87F174A827FAFCFD2DFC12FD41" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000">
<collectorName id="26C55343F174A827FAFCFD2DFA4EFD63" box="[1368,1472,694,715]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000">Grobbelaar</collectorName>
1534
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="548B8837F174A827FC0DFD4FFB8EFD41" box="[937,1024,724,745]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000">neotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="ED21AE50F174A827FBAEFD4FFBB2FD41" box="[1034,1084,724,745]" collectionName="PRE" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
!, designated here).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32A651EF174A827FAA6FD4FFBF4FC1F" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8F3695F174A827FAA6FD4FFBF4FC1F" blockId="9.[829,1473,489,951]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000">
Note: The original Drege collection (South Africa,
<collectingRegion id="49F4F877F174A827FB6CFD6AFAD7FCAE" box="[1224,1369,753,774]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
, between Umzimvubu River [Omsamwubo] and Umsikaba River [Omsamcaba],
<emphasis id="B944EA87F174A827FBA8FCB7FBC8FCE9" box="[1036,1094,812,833]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000">Drege</emphasis>
(?
<collectionCode id="ED21AE50F174A827FBC4FCB7FBFEFCEA" box="[1120,1136,812,834]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
)) cited by Meyer could not be located as most of his collections housed at B are presumably largely destroyed, so we here designate a collection of Grobbelaar as
<typeStatus id="548B8837F174A827FB86FC1FFBF8FC31" box="[1058,1142,900,921]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000">neotype</typeStatus>
as it is the most complete with mature flowers and fruits.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32A651EF174A827FCF1FC55FAADF92F" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8F3695F174A827FCF1FC55FAADF92F" blockId="9.[829,1473,974,1993]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000">
Perennial herbs, to
<quantity id="4CC89B70F174A827FB86FC55FBD2FC4C" box="[1058,1116,974,996]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" unit="m" value="0.6">0.6 m</quantity>
high. Stems erect, simple or sub-simple, glabrous to pubescent or densely covered with whitish to yellowish spreading hairs, arising from a woody rootstock. Leaves paripinnate, 20150 ×
<quantity id="4CC89B70F174A827FB29FBBDFB71FB93" box="[1165,1279,1062,1084]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" unit="mm" value="17.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="10.0">1025 mm</quantity>
, oblong to linear oblong, slightly tapering distally; stipules 515 ×
<quantity id="4CC89B70F174A827FA9CFBD8FA02FBF1" box="[1336,1420,1091,1113]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.0">14 mm</quantity>
, narrowly triangular, base oblique, apex acuminate, margin ciliate; extrafloral nectaries at or below the top of petiole, 1.26.0 × 0.44.0 mm, sessile, elliptic, depressed in the middle, often with dark centre; rachis channelled, channel margin ciliate. Leaflets (5)1136-jugate, 417 ×
<quantity id="4CC89B70F174A827FB99FB4DFB18FB44" box="[1085,1174,1238,1260]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="2.0">25 mm</quantity>
, oblong, base oblique, apex rounded to obtuse, margin hairy. Inflorescence supra-axillary, 26 flowered; flowers 617 ×
<quantity id="4CC89B70F174A827FBC9FA8AFB43FA8E" box="[1133,1229,1297,1319]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" unit="mm" value="13.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="7.0">720 mm</quantity>
; bracts 34(5) mm long, base oblique, apex acuminate; bracteoles 2, glabrous, towards top of pedicels. Pedicels glabrous or with spreading hairs, at flowering
<quantity id="4CC89B70F174A827FC02FAF2FB9EFAD6" box="[934,1040,1385,1407]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" unit="mm" value="18.0" valueMax="26.0" valueMin="10.0">1026 mm</quantity>
long, at fruiting
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long. Sepals 5, ovate, 612 ×
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, with spreading hairs on the outer surface. Petals 5, obovate, 715 ×
<quantity id="4CC89B70F174A827FB04FA3FFB7BFA11" box="[1184,1269,1443,1465]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="4.0">48 mm</quantity>
, bright yellow. Stamens 9, straight or slightly curved, anthers in two series, (5)6 medium ±
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long, 3(4) others often the largest, up to
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long, filaments very short ±
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long. Ovary ±
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long, densely covered with white hairs, style glabrous, slightly curved. Pods 3365 ×
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, spreading pubescent, straight, flattened. Seeds 35 ×
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, rhomboid, flattened, light brown to blackish, margin often with a thin line.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="8B8F3695F174A827FCF1F915FB88F826" blockId="9.[829,1473,974,1993]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000">
<emphasis id="B944EA87F174A827FCF1F915FAA1F90C" box="[853,1327,1678,1700]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000">
<emphasis id="B944EA87F174A827FCF1F915FBC6F90C" bold="true" box="[853,1096,1678,1700]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000">Diagnostic Characters</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C304D16F174A827FBC4F915FAA1F90C" box="[1120,1327,1678,1700]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="comosa">Chamaecrista comosa</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is one of the most easily recognisable species of
<taxonomicName id="4C304D16F174A827FB1FF930FAB2F968" authority="in" authorityName="IN" box="[1211,1340,1707,1728]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="996" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B944EA87F174A827FB1FF930FAB2F968" box="[1211,1340,1707,1728]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000">Chamaecrista</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in southern Africa. It shares large flowers with
<taxonomicName id="4C304D16F174A827FB1FF952FAA6F976" box="[1211,1320,1737,1758]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capensis">
<emphasis id="B944EA87F174A827FB1FF952FAA6F976" box="[1211,1320,1737,1758]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000">C. capensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but is readily distinguished by the long leaves, up to
<quantity id="4CC89B70F174A827FB4BF97DFAC8F954" box="[1263,1350,1766,1788]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" unit="mm" value="150.0">150 mm</quantity>
(to
<quantity id="4CC89B70F174A827FAD1F97DFA4EF954" box="[1397,1472,1766,1788]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 mm</quantity>
long in
<taxonomicName id="4C304D16F174A827FC29F89FFC76F8B1" box="[909,1016,1796,1817]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capensis">
<emphasis id="B944EA87F174A827FC29F89FFC76F8B1" box="[909,1016,1796,1817]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000">C. capensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), with leaflets
<quantity id="4CC89B70F174A827FB37F89FFB69F8B1" box="[1171,1255,1795,1817]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="2.0">25 mm</quantity>
wide (
<quantity id="4CC89B70F174A827FA96F89FFA0BF8B1" box="[1330,1413,1795,1817]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.0">13 mm</quantity>
wide in
<taxonomicName id="4C304D16F174A827FCF3F8BAFC4CF89E" box="[855,962,1825,1846]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capensis">
<emphasis id="B944EA87F174A827FCF3F8BAFC4CF89E" box="[855,962,1825,1846]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000">C. capensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and large, sessile extrafloral nectaries, 1.26.0 × 0.44.0 mm, depressed in the middle or sunken in on the rachis (circular, concave, sub-sessile or attached with short stalk in
<taxonomicName id="4C304D16F174A827FC2AF8E2FC76F827" box="[910,1016,1913,1935]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capensis">
<emphasis id="B944EA87F174A827FC2AF8E2FC76F827" box="[910,1016,1913,1935]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000">C. capensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32A651EF174A824FCF1F80DFDDBFCB4" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="1001" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8F3695F174A824FCF1F80DFDDBFCB4" blockId="9.[829,1473,974,1993]" lastBlockId="10.[157,800,159,826]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="1001" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000">
<emphasis id="B944EA87F174A827FCF1F80DFC07F803" bold="true" box="[853,905,1942,1963]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000">Note</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA14B64F174A827FC05F80CFBA5F804" author="Meyer, E. H. F." box="[929,1067,1942,1964]" journalOrPublisher="Leipzig: Leopoldum Voss" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" part="1" refId="ref28538" refString="Meyer, E. H. F. 1836. Commentariorum de plantis Africae Australioris 1). Leipzig: Leopoldum Voss." title="Commentariorum de plantis Africae Australioris" type="book" year="1836">Meyer (1836)</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName id="4C304D16F174A827FB03F80DFAFFF804" box="[1191,1393,1942,1964]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="comosa">
<emphasis id="B944EA87F174A827FB03F80DFAFFF804" box="[1191,1393,1942,1964]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1000">Chamaecrista comosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for its large, sessile extrafloral nectaries, large leaves bearing broad leaflets, and large flowers. In his treatment of the African and Asian species of
<taxonomicName id="4C304D16F177A824FEE4FF26FE34FF7A" authority="Steyaert (1950)" authorityName="Steyaert" authorityYear="1950" box="[320,442,189,210]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B944EA87F177A824FEE4FF26FE34FF7A" box="[320,442,189,210]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">Chamaecrista</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA14B64F177A824FE1BFF26FDC1FF7B" author="Steyaert, R. L." box="[447,591,189,211]" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de l'Etat, Bruxelles / Bulletin oan den Rijksplantentuin" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001" pagination="233 - 268" part="20" refId="ref28964" refString="Steyaert, R. L. 1950. Note sur des Cassia africains et asiatiques de la section Chamaecrista avec description de nouvelles especes. Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de l'Etat, Bruxelles / Bulletin oan den Rijksplantentuin 20: 233 - 268." title="Note sur des Cassia africains et asiatiques de la section Chamaecrista avec description de nouvelles especes" type="journal article" year="1950">Steyaert (1950)</bibRefCitation>
recognised two varieties (viz.
<taxonomicName id="4C304D16F177A824FEAEFF41FDE7FF47" box="[266,617,218,240]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="comosa" variety="capriconia">
<emphasis id="B944EA87F177A824FEAEFF41FE5FFF58" box="[266,465,218,240]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">Chamaecrista comosa</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B944EA87F177A824FDA9FF41FDE7FF47" box="[525,617,218,239]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">capriconia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C304D16F177A824FD02FF41FECBFEA4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="comosa" variety="lanata">
<emphasis id="B944EA87F177A824FD02FF41FF51FEA5" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">Chamaecrista comosa</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B944EA87F177A824FEAAFF6CFECBFEA4" box="[270,325,247,268]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">lanata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C304D16F177A824FEF3FF6CFDF1FEA4" box="[343,639,247,269]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="comosa" variety="lanata">
<emphasis id="B944EA87F177A824FEF3FF6CFD96FEA5" box="[343,536,247,269]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">Chamaecrista comosa</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B944EA87F177A824FDE3FF6CFDF1FEA4" box="[583,639,247,268]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">lanata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was established based on its lanate indumentum and
<taxonomicName id="4C304D16F177A824FDB6FE8EFD73FE82" box="[530,765,277,298]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="comosa" variety="capriconia">
<emphasis id="B944EA87F177A824FDB6FE8EFDAFFE82" box="[530,545,277,298]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B944EA87F177A824FD89FE8EFDE1FE82" box="[557,623,277,298]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">comosa</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B944EA87F177A824FD05FE8EFD73FE82" box="[673,765,277,298]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">capriconia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for its smaller morphology.
<bibRefCitation id="EFA14B64F177A824FE38FEA9FD64FEE0" author="Gordon-Gray, K. D. &amp; P. K. Schorn" box="[412,746,306,328]" journalOrPublisher="South African Journal of Botany" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001" pagination="133 - 161" part="61" refId="ref28169" refString="Gordon-Gray, K. D. and P. K. Schorn. 1975. Studies in the genus Cassia in South Africa: Taxonomic notes on species of the sub-genus Lasiorhegma, section Chamaecrista. South African Journal of Botany 61: 133 - 161." title="Studies in the genus Cassia in South Africa: Taxonomic notes on species of the sub-genus Lasiorhegma, section Chamaecrista" type="journal article" year="1975">Gordon-Gray and Schorn (1975)</bibRefCitation>
later included
<taxonomicName id="4C304D16F177A824FF5BFED4FDB6FECC" box="[255,568,335,357]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="comosa" variety="lanata">
<emphasis id="B944EA87F177A824FF5BFED4FE4BFECD" box="[255,453,335,357]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">Chamaecrista comosa</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B944EA87F177A824FDA4FED4FDB6FECC" box="[512,568,335,356]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">lanata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
within
<taxonomicName id="4C304D16F177A824FD2AFED4FF6FFE2A" authority="var. comosa" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="comosa" variety="comosa">
<emphasis id="B944EA87F177A824FD2AFED4FD61FECD" box="[654,751,335,357]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">C. comosa</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B944EA87F177A824FF39FEF6FF6AFE2A" box="[157,228,365,386]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">comosa,</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
a decision that is supported by the present study. Following examination of available herbarium material, two varieties were recognised; one that occurs in coastal areas and one that occurs in drier areas. Based on field studies and examination of herbarium material
<taxonomicName id="4C304D16F177A824FECDFE79FDD5FE5F" box="[361,603,482,503]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="comosa" variety="capriconia">
<emphasis id="B944EA87F177A824FECDFE79FEF6FE5F" box="[361,376,482,503]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B944EA87F177A824FE22FE79FE46FE5F" box="[390,456,482,503]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">comosa</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B944EA87F177A824FE5BFE79FDD5FE5F" box="[511,603,482,503]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">capriconia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C304D16F177A824FD36FE79FF51FDBC" authority="var. comosa" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="comosa" variety="comosa">
<emphasis id="B944EA87F177A824FD36FE79FD7FFE5F" box="[658,753,482,503]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">C. comosa</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B944EA87F177A824FF39FE64FF51FDBC" box="[157,223,511,532]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">comosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
need to be raised to subspecific level on the basis of different habitat preferences (
<taxonomicName id="4C304D16F177A824FE2EFD87FDD6FD9A" authority="var. comosa" box="[394,600,540,562]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="comosa" variety="comosa">
<emphasis id="B944EA87F177A824FE2EFD87FE68FD9A" box="[394,486,540,562]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">C. comosa</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B944EA87F177A824FDB2FD86FDD6FD9A" box="[534,600,541,562]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">comosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is restricted to open grassland with high water table on granite derived soil or sand, and
<taxonomicName id="4C304D16F177A824FF6FFDCCFE37FDC4" box="[203,441,599,620]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="comosa" variety="capriconia">
<emphasis id="B944EA87F177A824FF6FFDCCFF54FDC4" box="[203,218,599,620]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B944EA87F177A824FF43FDCCFEA7FDC4" box="[231,297,599,620]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">comosa</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B944EA87F177A824FEF9FDCCFE37FDC4" box="[349,441,599,620]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">capriconia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in grassland in dried areas usually on sandy soil (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA14B64F177A824FE8BFDEFFDEBFD22" author="Gordon-Gray, K. D. &amp; P. K. Schorn" box="[303,613,628,650]" journalOrPublisher="South African Journal of Botany" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001" pagination="133 - 161" part="61" refId="ref28169" refString="Gordon-Gray, K. D. and P. K. Schorn. 1975. Studies in the genus Cassia in South Africa: Taxonomic notes on species of the sub-genus Lasiorhegma, section Chamaecrista. South African Journal of Botany 61: 133 - 161." title="Studies in the genus Cassia in South Africa: Taxonomic notes on species of the sub-genus Lasiorhegma, section Chamaecrista" type="journal article" year="1975">Gordon-Gray and Schorn 1975</bibRefCitation>
)), distribution patterns (i.e.
<taxonomicName id="4C304D16F177A824FF59FD09FE43FD0F" authority="var. comosa" box="[253,461,658,679]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="comosa" variety="comosa">
<emphasis id="B944EA87F177A824FF59FD09FE82FD0F" box="[253,268,658,679]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B944EA87F177A824FEB3FD09FED7FD0F" box="[279,345,658,679]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">comosa</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B944EA87F177A824FE2FFD09FE43FD0F" box="[395,461,658,679]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">comosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is restricted to the coastal areas of KwaZulu-Natal and Eastern Cape, while
<taxonomicName id="4C304D16F177A824FD93FD34FC91FD6C" box="[567,799,687,708]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="comosa" variety="capriconia">
<emphasis id="B944EA87F177A824FD93FD34FDC8FD6C" box="[567,582,687,708]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B944EA87F177A824FDF5FD34FD1DFD6C" box="[593,659,687,708]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">comosa</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B944EA87F177A824FD67FD34FC91FD6C" box="[707,799,687,708]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">capriconia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a more northern distribution extending beyond the region to
<collectingCountry id="F3277605F177A824FF39FD72FE85FD57" box="[157,267,745,767]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
), and morphological differences (
<taxonomicName id="4C304D16F177A824FDF2FD71FF41FCB4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="comosa" variety="capriconia">
<emphasis id="B944EA87F177A824FDF2FD71FDE8FD57" box="[598,614,746,767]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B944EA87F177A824FDD5FD71FD3BFD57" box="[625,693,746,767]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">comosa</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B944EA87F177A824FD4DFD71FF41FCB4" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">capriconia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is smaller in its general morphology).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32A651EF177A824FF11FCBFFE70FC92" box="[181,510,804,826]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="8B8F3695F177A824FF11FCBFFE70FC92" blockId="10.[157,800,159,826]" box="[181,510,804,826]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1001">Two subspecies are recognised:</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>