551 lines
70 KiB
XML
551 lines
70 KiB
XML
<document id="1653CC247D4F9C828A46341E1B29D1FA" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4204.1.1" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4204.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3f8866d2-529e-43ad-b971-29fc52a13858" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="192302" ID-ZooBank="C050058A-774D-49C0-93F9-7A055B51C2A0" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1480667017343" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Williams, Paul H., Huang, Jiaxing, Rasmont, Pierre & An, Jiandong" docDate="2016" docId="03AE67547C433323B090A50CA051FBFC" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4204.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4204 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Bombus defector Skorikov" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="48" masterDocId="FF971F2C7C6D330CB007A424A336FFA4" masterDocTitle="Early-diverging bumblebees from across the roof of the world: the high-mountain subgenus Mendacibombus revised from species’ gene coalescents and morphology (Hymenoptera, Apidae)" masterLastPageNumber="72" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="47" updateTime="1698395689147" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="F180DB7F3431940125269FDD65FA0E14">Early-diverging bumblebees from across the roof of the world: the high-mountain subgenus Mendacibombus revised from species’ gene coalescents and morphology (Hymenoptera, Apidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7D1C7F6ADECFA7293749A9EE33C3CACE">Williams, Paul H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BC4B76F283F24C485554B4C217C62835">Huang, Jiaxing</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4B2B439573BF17A5BF2BEF73D3AECCE1">Rasmont, Pierre</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F0231324C35116BFB858EFEF903859BB">An, Jiandong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="DDE073352047DE10AFA2EB8E1F6251E1">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="1EE60A48D24B75F5A4400F54BBCBD148">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7A4DA597314F9FCC3BAAA09C9B8F9B87">4204</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03AE67547C433323B090A50CA051FBFC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5625301" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124940400" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5625301" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE67547C433323B090A50CA051FBFC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE67547C433323B090A50CA051FBFC" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<subSubSection id="C31D85C97C433322B090A50CA2CCFEE6" box="[151,506,295,322]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C433322B090A50CA2CCFEE6" blockId="46.[151,506,295,355]" box="[151,506,295,322]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<heading id="D0F0612E7C433322B090A50CA2CCFEE6" bold="true" box="[151,506,295,322]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B090A50CA2CCFEE6" bold="true" box="[151,506,295,322]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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9.
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<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C433322B0B3A503A2CCFEE6" ID-CoL="MFGY" authority="Skorikov" authorityName="Skorikov" box="[180,506,295,322]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defector">
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<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B0B3A503A2B7FEE5" bold="true" box="[180,385,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Bombus defector</emphasis>
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Skorikov
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C31D85C97C433322B090A56EA08AFE0C" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C433322B090A56EA293FEC7" blockId="46.[151,506,295,355]" box="[151,421,330,355]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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(
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<figureCitation id="133CCAC77C433322B098A56EA216FEC7" box="[159,288,330,355]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 ‒ 23" captionStartId="25.[151,264,1852,1874]" captionTargetBox="[186,1380,193,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[186,1380,193,1811]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 15 ‒ 23. Morphology of the female (queen) head from the ventral aspect (labrum and mandibles): 15, B. marussinus queen, Pakistan MD # 482; 16, B. avinoviellus queen, India MD # 598; 17, B. turkestanicus queen, Tajikistan MD # 320; 18, B. defector queen, Kyrgyzstan MD # 1080; 19, B. margreiteri queen, Mongolia MD # 319; 20, B. himalayanus queen, India MD # 453. Morphology of the female (queen) left hindleg tibia from the left lateral aspect, dorsal at the top of the image, anterior to the left: 21, B. defector, China MD # 1251; 22, B. margreiteri, Mongolia MD # 319; 23, B. turkestanicus, Kyrgyzstan MD # 324." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/192311/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Figs 18, 22</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="133CCAC77C433322B12CA56FA27CFEC7" box="[299,330,331,355]" captionStart="FIGURES 24 ‒ 35" captionStartId="26.[151,264,1867,1889]" captionTargetBox="[233,1387,193,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[233,1390,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 24 ‒ 35. Morphology of the male genitalia for species of the subgenus Mendacibombus from the dorsal aspect, anterior to the left of the image, posterior to the right: 24, B. superbus, China MD # 339; 25, B. waltoni, China MD # 216; 26, B. convexus, China MD # 215; 27, B. makarjini, Kazakhstan MD # 1240; 28, B. marussinus, Pakistan MD # 408; 29, B. avinoviellus, India MD # 404; 30, B. himalayanus, India MD # 426; 31, B. turkestanicus, China MD # 351; 32, B. defector, Kyrgyzstan MD # 367; 33, B. margreiteri, China MD # 294; 34, B. handlirschianus, Russia MD # 835; 35, B. mendax, Spain MD # 689." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/192312/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">32</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="133CCAC77C433322B152A56FA245FEC7" box="[341,371,331,355]" captionStart="FIGURES 36 ‒ 55" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1875,1897]" captionTargetBox="[151,1415,299,1829]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,193,1853]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 36 ‒ 55. Morphology of parts of the male genitalia from the dorsal aspect of the left side, anterior to the left of the image, posterior to the right, white bars indicating morphological characters referred to in the key to males: 36, B. waltoni; 37, B. mendax; 38, B. superbus; 39, B. convexus; 40, B. waltoni; 41, B. convexus; 42, B. defector; 43, B. mendax; 44, B. mendax; 45, B. turkestanicus; 46, B. avinoviellus; 47, B. mendax; 48, B. mendax; 49, B. makarjini; 50, B. handlirschianus; 51, B. himalayanus; 52, B. turkestanicus; 53, B. himalayanus; 54, B. himalayanus; 55, B. marussinus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/192314/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">42</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="133CCAC77C433322B178A56EA2AAFEC7" box="[383,412,330,355]" captionStart="FIGURES 56 ‒ 67" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1891,1913]" captionTargetBox="[320,1245,193,1835]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[320,1245,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 56 ‒ 67. Maps of the global distributions of species of the subgenus Mendacibombus from the material examined, with grey spots for specimen records and black spots for the samples with COI sequences (each species is unknown from regions outside the map boundaries shown); grey crosses for records of all species of Mendacibombus combined. Relief map with hill shading, Cartesian orthonormal projection, grey lines show borders to national administration according to UN maps, north at the top of the map. Image created in ArcGIS using World _ Shaded _ Relief basemap © 2014 Esri." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/192315/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">64</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C433322B090A5B6A08AFE0C" blockId="46.[151,1436,402,731]" box="[151,956,402,424]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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[?
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<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C433322B0ACA5B6A2E5FE0C" authority="Gerstaecker" authorityName="Gerstaecker" box="[171,467,402,424]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mendax">
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<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B0ACA5B6A267FE0C" box="[171,337,402,424]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Bombus mendax</emphasis>
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Gerstaecker
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C433322B1DAA5B6A14AFE0C" author="Morawitz" box="[477,636,402,424]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refString="Morawitz, F. F. (1880) Ein Beitrag zur Bienen-Fauna mittel-Asiens. Izvestiya Imperatorskoi akademii nauk, 26, 337 - 379." type="journal article" year="1880">Morawitz 1880</bibRefCitation>
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:340, in part, misidentification.]
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31D85C97C433322B090A596A708FDE6" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C433322B090A596A79EFE42" blockId="46.[151,1436,402,731]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<materialsCitation id="3B6FDC1F7C433322B090A596A79EFE42" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1413110402" collectionCode="ZISP" country="Kyrgyzstan" county="Note" location="Cyrillic" municipality="Alai" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
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<
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<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C433322B0A2A595A27BFE63" ID-CoL="MFPJ" box="[165,333,433,455]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mendax">
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<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B0A2A595A27BFE63" box="[165,333,433,455]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Bombus mendax</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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> subsp.
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<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C433322B1ABA595A1EDFE63" ID-CoL="MFGY" authority="Skorikov 1910b:330" authorityName="Skorikov" authorityPageNumber="330" authorityYear="1910" box="[428,731,433,455]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defector">
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<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B1ABA595A2C9FE63" box="[428,511,433,455]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">defector</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C433322B20FA595A199FE63" author="Skorikov" box="[520,687,433,455]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refString="Skorikov, A. S. (1910 b) [Intraspecific forms of Bombus mendax Gerst.] (Hymenoptera, Bombidae). Russkoe entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 9 (1909), 328 - 330." type="journal article" year="1910" yearSuffix="b">Skorikov 1910b</bibRefCitation>
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:330
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</taxonomicName>
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, type-locality citation (Cyrillic) ‘[Fergana (Alai range)]’.
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<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B536A595A6AAFE63" bold="true" box="[1329,1436,433,455]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<typeStatus id="54BC68E07C433322B536A595A6AAFE63" box="[1329,1436,433,455]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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||
</emphasis>
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queen by present designation
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<collectionCode id="ED164E877C433322B1F3A5F4A11EFE42" box="[500,552,464,486]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vmfx-g997" name="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">ZISP</collectionCode>
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examined, (
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<location id="8ED880997C433322B2A3A5F4A1C2FE42" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE67547C433323B090A50CA051FBFC:8ED880997C433322B2A3A5F4A1C2FE42" box="[676,756,464,486]" country="Kyrgyzstan" county="Note" municipality="Alai" name="Cyrillic" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Cyrillic</location>
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) ‘[
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<location id="8ED880997C433322B30BA5F4A008FE42" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE67547C433323B090A50CA051FBFC:8ED880997C433322B30BA5F4A008FE42" box="[780,830,464,486]" country="Kyrgyzstan" county="Note" municipality="Alai" name="Alai" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Alai</location>
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range]’ (
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BDC4C387C433322B39CA5F4A0FCFE42" box="[923,970,464,486]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Alai</collectingMunicipality>
|
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,
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||
<collectingCountry id="F31096D27C433322B3D3A5F5A77BFE42" box="[980,1101,465,486]" name="Kyrgyzstan" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Kyrgyzstan</collectingCountry>
|
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).
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62D9AECE7C433322B459A5F5A7B9FE42" box="[1118,1167,465,486]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Note</collectingCounty>
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1.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C433322B090A5CBA0ADFDA0" blockId="46.[151,1436,402,731]" box="[151,923,494,516]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB17F16C7C433322B090A5CBA0ADFDA0" box="[151,923,494,516]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<
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<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C433322B0A2A5CAA297FDA0" ID-CoL="5JMRJ" box="[165,417,494,516]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mendax">
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<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B0A2A5CAA297FDA0" box="[165,417,494,516]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Mendacibombus mendax</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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subsp.>
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C433322B1FBA5CAA0A0FDA0" author="Skorikov" box="[508,918,494,516]" page="124" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" year="1914">
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<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C433322B1FBA5CAA05DFDA0" ID-CoL="MFGY" authority="Skorikov" authorityName="Skorikov" authorityYear="1914" box="[508,875,494,516]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defector">
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||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B1FBA5CAA179FDA0" box="[508,591,494,516]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">defector</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C433322B25BA5CAA05DFDA0" author="Skorikov" box="[604,875,494,516]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refString="Skorikov, A. S. (1914) Les formes nouvelles des bourdons (Hymenoptera, Bombidae). VI. Russkoe entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 14, 119 - 129." type="journal article" year="1914">Skorikov); Skorikov 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
:124
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C433322B090A629A0E5FD87" blockId="46.[151,1436,402,731]" box="[151,979,525,547]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB17F16C7C433322B090A629A0E5FD87" box="[151,979,525,547]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C433322B090A629A1E9FD87" author="Skorikov" box="[151,735,525,547]" page="149" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" year="1923">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C433322B090A629A185FD87" authority="Skorikov" authorityName="Skorikov" authorityYear="1923" box="[151,691,525,547]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defector">
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||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B090A629A2A1FD87" box="[151,407,525,547]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Mendacibombus defector</emphasis>
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||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C433322B1A2A629A185FD87" author="Skorikov" box="[421,691,525,547]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refString="Skorikov, A. S. (1923) [Palaearctic bumblebees. Part I. General biology (including zoogeography)]. Izvestiya Severnoi oblastnoi stantsii zashchity rastenii ot vreditelei, 4 (1922), 1 - 160." type="journal article" year="1923">Skorikov); Skorikov 1923</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:149
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C433322B2EEA629A0B0FD87" author="Skorikov" box="[745,902,525,547]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refString="Skorikov, A. S. (1931) Die Hummelfauna Turkestans und ihre Beziehungen zur zentralasiatischen Fauna (Hymenoptera, Bombidae). In: V. A. Lindholm (Ed.), Abhandlungen der Pamir - Expedition 1928. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad, pp. 175 - 247." type="journal article" year="1931">Skorikov, 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:fig. 17.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C433322B090A608A708FDE6" blockId="46.[151,1436,402,731]" box="[151,1086,556,578]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
[?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C433322B0ACA608A2E9FDE6" box="[171,479,556,578]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turkestanicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B0ACA608A2E9FDE6" box="[171,479,556,578]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Mendacibombus turkestanicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
var.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C433322B216A608A198FDE6" author="Skorikov" box="[529,686,556,578]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refString="Skorikov, A. S. (1931) Die Hummelfauna Turkestans und ihre Beziehungen zur zentralasiatischen Fauna (Hymenoptera, Bombidae). In: V. A. Lindholm (Ed.), Abhandlungen der Pamir - Expedition 1928. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad, pp. 175 - 247." type="journal article" year="1931">Skorikov, 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:215, published with name incomplete.]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31D85C97C433322B090A66EA155FDDB" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C433322B090A66EA1F2FDC4" blockId="46.[151,1436,402,731]" box="[151,708,586,608]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB17F16C7C433322B090A66EA1F2FDC4" box="[151,708,586,608]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C433322B090A66EA2CBFDC4" ID-CoL="MFGY" authority="Skorikov" authorityName="Skorikov" box="[151,509,586,608]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="mendax" subSpecies="defector">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B090A66EA2A1FDC4" box="[151,407,586,608]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Bombus mendax defector</emphasis>
|
||
Skorikov
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C433322B200A66EA1F6FDC4" author="Reinig" box="[519,704,586,608]" page="163" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" year="1932">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C433322B200A66EA1A0FDC4" author="Reinig" box="[519,662,586,608]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refString="Reinig, W. F. (1932 b) Beitrage zur Faunistik des Pamir - Gebietes. In: Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Alai - Pamir Expedition 1928. Reimer and Vohsen, Berlin." type="book chapter" year="1932" yearSuffix="b">Reinig 1932b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:163
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C433322B090A64DA155FDDB" blockId="46.[151,1436,402,731]" box="[151,611,617,639]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB17F16C7C433322B090A64DA155FDDB" box="[151,611,617,639]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C433322B090A64DA29EFDDB" ID-CoL="MFGY" authority="Skorikov" authorityName="Skorikov" box="[151,424,617,639]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defector">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B090A64DA274FDDB" box="[151,322,617,639]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Bombus defector</emphasis>
|
||
Skorikov
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C433322B1B5A64DA168FDDB" author="Reinig" box="[434,606,617,639]" page="172" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" year="1934">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C433322B1B5A64DA105FDDB" author="Reinig" box="[434,563,617,639]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refString="Reinig, W. F. (1934) Entomologische Ergebnisse der deutsch - russischen Alai - Pamir - Expedition, 1928 (III). 7. Hymenoptera VIII (Gen. Bombus Fabr.). Nachtrag. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 1933, 163 - 174." type="journal article" year="1934">Reinig 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:172
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31D85C97C433322B090A6ACA7B0FD7F" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C433322B090A6ACA1FCFD18" blockId="46.[151,1436,402,731]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB17F16C7C433322B090A6ACA1FCFD18" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C433322B090A6ACA14BFD3A" ID-CoL="MFGY" authority="Skorikov" authorityName="Skorikov" box="[151,637,648,670]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defector" subGenus="Mendacibombus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B090A6ACA3DFFD3A" box="[151,233,648,670]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Bombus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B0F8A6ACA290FD3A" box="[255,422,648,670]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Mendacibombus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B1BBA6ACA139FD3A" box="[444,527,648,670]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">defector</emphasis>
|
||
Skorikov
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C433322B288A6ACA063FD3A" author="Panfilov" box="[655,853,648,670]" page="237" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" year="1957">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C433322B288A6ACA01FFD3A" author="Panfilov" box="[655,809,648,670]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refString="Panfilov, D. V. (1957) [On the geographical distribution of bumblebees (Bombus) in China]. Acta geographica sinica, 23, 221 - 239." type="journal article" year="1957">Panfilov 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:237
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C433322B360A6ACA71BFD3A" author="Panfilov" box="[871,1069,648,670]" page="195" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" year="1962">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C433322B360A6ACA735FD3A" author="Panfilov" box="[871,1027,648,670]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refString="Panfilov, D. V. (1962) [On the biocoenotic structure and geographical distribution of the Issyk Kul Lake area]. In: Y. A. Isakov (Ed), [The study of geography of natural resources of animal and plant world (to the 60 th anniversary of A. N. FORMOZOV's birthday)]. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow, pp. 162 - 198." type="book chapter" year="1962">Panfilov 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:195
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
; S.-
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C433322B45DA6ACA61EFD3A" author="Wang" box="[1114,1320,648,670]" page="160" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" year="1985">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C433322B45DA6ACA7CAFD3A" author="Wang" box="[1114,1276,648,670]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refString="Wang, S. - F. (1985) Apidae - Bombus. In: [Organisms of the Tumuefeng region of Tianshan], pp. 160 - 165." type="book chapter" year="1985">F. Wang 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:160
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C433322B53DA6ACA22AFD18" author="Williams" page="15" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" year="1991">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C433322B53DA6ACA3C9FD18" author="Williams" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refString="Williams, P. H. (1991) The bumble bees of the Kashmir Himalaya (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombini). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology), 60, 1 - 204." type="journal article" year="1991">Williams, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<quantity id="4CFF7BA77C433322B105A682A22AFD18" box="[258,284,678,700]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.91668" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="in" value="15.42">15</quantity>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 42 in part;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C433322B192A683A14DFD18" author="Williams" box="[405,635,678,700]" page="99" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" year="1998">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C433322B192A683A16AFD18" author="Williams" box="[405,604,678,700]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refString="Williams, P. H. (1998) An annotated checklist of bumble bees with an analysis of patterns of description (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombini). Bulletin of The Natural History Museum (Entomology), 67, 79 - 152. [updated at www. nhm. ac. uk / bombus / accessed 2015]." type="journal article" year="1998">P.H. Williams 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<quantity id="4CFF7BA77C433322B267A682A14DFD18" box="[608,635,678,700]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5146" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="in" value="99.0">99</quantity>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
in part.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C433322B090A6E2A7B0FD7F" blockId="46.[151,1436,402,731]" box="[151,1158,709,731]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
[
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C433322B098A6E1A148FD7F" ID-CoL="MFNV" authority="Skorikov" authorityName="Skorikov" box="[159,638,709,731]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makarjini" subGenus="Mendacibombus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B098A6E1A12EFD7F" box="[159,536,709,731]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Bombus (Mendacibombus) makarjini</emphasis>
|
||
Skorikov
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; P.H. Williams 2011:27, misidentification. Note 2.]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31D85C97C433322B090A72CA747FB50" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C433322B090A72CA0FCFB9B" blockId="46.[151,1437,775,2025]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6FDC1F7C433322B090A72CA799FC5C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1413110395" collectionCode="ZISP" collectorName="Podbolotsk. & M. Podbolotskaya & Skorikov" county="Skorikov" determinerName="PH Williams" location="Note" municipality="The" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" specimenCount="3" typeStatus="lectotype">
|
||
<location id="8ED880997C433322B090A72CA3FBFCBB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE67547C433323B090A50CA051FBFC:8ED880997C433322B090A72CA3FBFCBB" box="[151,205,776,799]" county="Skorikov" municipality="The" name="Note" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Note</location>
|
||
1 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C433322B0FEA723A263FC84" box="[249,341,775,800]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defector">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B0FEA723A263FC84" box="[249,341,775,800]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">defector</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<location id="8ED880997C433322B177A723A2DFFC84" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE67547C433323B090A50CA051FBFC:8ED880997C433322B177A723A2DFFC84" box="[368,489,775,800]" county="Skorikov" municipality="The" name="Skorikov's" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Skorikov’s</location>
|
||
original description of the taxon
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C433322B374A723A0F9FC84" box="[883,975,775,800]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defector">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B374A723A0F9FC84" box="[883,975,775,800]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">defector</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cites the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BC68E07C433322B443A72CA742FC84" box="[1092,1140,776,800]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality as
|
||
<location id="8ED880997C433322B4F8A72CA66FFC84" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE67547C433323B090A50CA051FBFC:8ED880997C433322B4F8A72CA66FFC84" box="[1279,1369,776,800]" county="Skorikov" municipality="The" name="Fergana" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fergana</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<location id="8ED880997C433322B56DA723A6AAFC84" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE67547C433323B090A50CA051FBFC:8ED880997C433322B56DA723A6AAFC84" box="[1386,1436,775,800]" county="Skorikov" municipality="The" name="Alai" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Alai</location>
|
||
range).
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BDC4C387C433322B0E8A708A22DFCE1" box="[239,283,812,837]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">The</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED164E877C433322B122A708A269FCE0" box="[293,351,812,836]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vmfx-g997" name="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">ZISP</collectionCode>
|
||
collection studied by
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62D9AECE7C433322B265A708A1FFFCE1" box="[610,713,812,837]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Skorikov</collectingCounty>
|
||
contains a queen that agrees with the original description and carries the labels: (1) white, printed (Cryrillic) ‘[Ak-Basaga, Alai- / skii khr. 2600‒2700 mt. /
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B505A76BA654FCCC" box="[1282,1378,847,872]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Makarin</emphasis>
|
||
]
|
||
<date id="FFB9F0827C433322B57FA774A3E7FC28" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" value="1929-05-30">29/ 30.v.</date>
|
||
09.’; (2) white, printed (Cyrillic) ‘[
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B250A750A1D4FC29" box="[599,738,884,909]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">k. Skorikova</emphasis>
|
||
]’; (3) red, handwritten ‘
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B3F2A751A7E6FC29" box="[1013,1232,884,909]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BC68E07C433322B3F2A751A758FC28" box="[1013,1134,885,908]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="lectotype">Lectotypus</typeStatus>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C433322B471A750A7E6FC29" box="[1142,1232,884,909]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bombus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C433322B4E0A750A6BBFC29" authority="Subsp." authorityName="Subsp." box="[1255,1421,884,909]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mendax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B4E0A750A6BBFC29" box="[1255,1421,884,909]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">mendax subsp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C433322B090A7B3A204FC14" authority="Skor." authorityName="Skor." box="[151,306,919,944]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defector">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B090A7B3A204FC14" box="[151,306,919,944]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">defector Skor.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ design.
|
||
<collectorName id="26F2B3947C433322B1A7A7B3A113FC14" box="[416,549,919,944]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B1A7A7B3A128FC14" box="[416,542,919,944]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Podbolotsk</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
’ (
|
||
<collectorName id="26F2B3947C433322B239A7BCA039FC14" box="[574,783,919,944]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">M. Podbolotskaya</collectorName>
|
||
, unpublished); (4) green, printed ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C433322B496A7B3A67CFC14" box="[1169,1354,919,944]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B496A7B3A67CFC14" box="[1169,1354,919,944]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Mendacibombus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ MD# 3524 det. PHW’; (5) red, printed ‘
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BC68E07C433322B212A798A18CFC70" box="[533,698,956,980]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
[female] /
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C433322B33EA798A0C4FC71" box="[825,1010,956,981]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mendax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B33EA798A0C4FC71" box="[825,1010,956,981]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Bombus mendax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ssp. /
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C433322B43BA798A7A1FC71" box="[1084,1175,956,981]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defector">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B43BA798A7A1FC71" box="[1084,1175,956,981]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">defector</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectorName id="26F2B3947C433322B4A8A798A621FC71" box="[1199,1303,956,981]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Skorikov</collectorName>
|
||
, 1910 / det.
|
||
<determinerName id="7E643A867C433322B090A7C4A21FFC5C" box="[151,297,991,1016]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">PH Williams</determinerName>
|
||
2012’; (6) white, printed ‘[female]
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C433322B2B8A7FBA02CFC5C" box="[703,794,991,1016]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B2B8A7FBA02CFC5C" box="[703,794,991,1016]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Bombus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C433322B33CA7FBA0C2FC5C" box="[827,1012,991,1016]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B33CA7FBA0C2FC5C" box="[827,1012,991,1016]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Mendacibombus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) /
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C433322B412A7FBA746FC5C" box="[1045,1136,991,1016]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defector">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B412A7FBA746FC5C" box="[1045,1136,991,1016]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">defector</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ det
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6FDC1F7C433322B4BDA7C4A0FCFB9B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1413110384" country="Philippines" location="This" municipality="Skorikov's" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="syntype">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31096D27C433322B4BDA7C4A7E8FC53" box="[1210,1246,992,1015]" name="Philippines" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">PH</collectingCountry>
|
||
Williams 2012’.
|
||
<location id="8ED880997C433322B090A020A3FFFBB9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE67547C433323B090A50CA051FBFC:8ED880997C433322B090A020A3FFFBB9" box="[151,201,1028,1053]" country="Philippines" municipality="Skorikov's" name="This" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">This</location>
|
||
specimen, which is complete, is regarded as one of
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BDC4C387C433322B30DA020A0B5FBB9" box="[778,899,1028,1053]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Skorikov’s</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BC68E07C433322B38DA021A0DAFBB9" box="[906,1004,1029,1053]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
and is designated here as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BC68E07C433322B532A020A6AAFBB9" box="[1333,1436,1028,1053]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
in order to reduce uncertainty in the identity and application of the name.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C433322B0C0A068A28BFB09" blockId="46.[151,1437,775,2025]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">A second queen collected at Ak-Basaga by Makarin in 1909 (MD#315, NHM, sent by Skorikov as part of an exchange with the NHM in 1934), closely similar in morphology, is designated here as a paralectotype and interpreted as conspecific.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C433322B0C0A09CA747FB50" blockId="46.[151,1437,775,2025]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
Note 2 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C433322B124A093A2A6FB74" box="[291,400,1207,1232]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makarjini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B124A093A2A6FB74" box="[291,400,1207,1232]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">makarjini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). See note 1 on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C433322B241A09DA1E4FB74" box="[582,722,1207,1232]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makarjini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B241A09DA1E4FB74" box="[582,722,1207,1232]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">B. makarjini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
regarding the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BC68E07C433322B373A093A739FB74" box="[884,1039,1207,1232]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. Examination of this
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BC68E07C433322B4FAA09CA662FB74" box="[1277,1364,1208,1232]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
as the only
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BC68E07C433322B0D7A0F9A236FB51" box="[208,256,1245,1269]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">type</typeStatus>
|
||
seen at the time led to the misidentification of this species in Williams (2011).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31D85C97C433323B0C0A0DBA6ACFD54" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C433322B0C0A0DBA095FAC4" blockId="46.[151,1437,775,2025]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B0C0A0DBA278FABC" bold="true" box="[199,334,1279,1304]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The species is named from the Latin
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C433322B2F3A0DBA066FABC" box="[756,848,1279,1304]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defector">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B2F3A0DBA066FABC" box="[756,848,1279,1304]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">defector</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for a deserter or rebel, presumably a reference to its slight difference in colour pattern from other co-occurring related bumblebee taxa from the mountains of Central Asia (the taxon
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C433322B14EA16DA2FEFAC4" box="[329,456,1353,1376]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margreiteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B14EA16DA2FEFAC4" box="[329,456,1353,1376]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">margreiteri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is closest to it in Skorikov’s original key).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C433322B0C0A148A1AAFA54" blockId="46.[151,1437,775,2025]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B0C0A148A2C3FA21" bold="true" box="[199,501,1388,1413]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Taxonomy and variation.</emphasis>
|
||
The interpretation of this species is based here on DNA, as well as on the form of the female labrum and of the male genitalia. This disagrees with earlier concepts (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C433322B458A1ABA624FA0C" author="Skorikov" box="[1119,1298,1423,1448]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refString="Skorikov, A. S. (1931) Die Hummelfauna Turkestans und ihre Beziehungen zur zentralasiatischen Fauna (Hymenoptera, Bombidae). In: V. A. Lindholm (Ed.), Abhandlungen der Pamir - Expedition 1928. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad, pp. 175 - 247." type="journal article" year="1931">Skorikov, 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), diagnosed originally in terms of the hair colour pattern (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C433322B293A190A065FA69" author="Skorikov" box="[660,851,1460,1485]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refString="Skorikov, A. S. (1910 b) [Intraspecific forms of Bombus mendax Gerst.] (Hymenoptera, Bombidae). Russkoe entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 9 (1909), 328 - 330." type="journal article" year="1910" yearSuffix="b">Skorikov, 1910b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), because the species appears to be more variable in colour pattern than was originally understood.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C433322B0C0A1D8A1F4F890" blockId="46.[151,1437,775,2025]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
All specimens have yellow-banded and none has a white-banded colour pattern.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C433322B467A1D8A61EF9B1" author="Skorikov" box="[1120,1320,1532,1557]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refString="Skorikov, A. S. (1910 b) [Intraspecific forms of Bombus mendax Gerst.] (Hymenoptera, Bombidae). Russkoe entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 9 (1909), 328 - 330." type="journal article" year="1910" yearSuffix="b">Skorikov (1910b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described females of the taxon
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C433322B178A23BA2EDF99C" box="[383,475,1567,1592]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defector">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B178A23BA2EDF99C" box="[383,475,1567,1592]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">defector</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Alai mountains (MD#3524) as having the corbicula framed with black hairs, with the pale bands yellow, and with the hair on the lower side of the thorax and on the ventral side of the metasoma black. Our COI tree shows that similar specimens but with the hair on the lower side of the thorax yellow, and even some with yellow hair on the ventral side of the metasoma, have very short branch lengths between them and typical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C433322B1BBA28BA12EF96C" box="[444,536,1711,1736]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defector">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B1BBA28BA12EF96C" box="[444,536,1711,1736]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">defector</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(with the lower side of the thorax black) and these are interpreted as conspecific (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CCAC77C433322B098A2F0A3C5F948" box="[159,243,1748,1773]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1733,1755]" captionTargetBox="[314,1260,194,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[314,1261,193,1722]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 13. Assigning names to species from an estimate of phylogeny for 130 COI sequences of the subgenus Mendacibombus. Based on a BEAST analysis of the 30 unique haplotypes (Fig. 11), with the remaining sequences interpolated back into the tree with 0 branch lengths from their matching samples (where a sequence matches more than one longer sequence within a species in the Collapse results, it is added after the first matching sequence, with the addition of the two short-sequence yellow unbanded specimens from Pakistan, MD # 4058, 4059). The sequence labels follow the format used in Figs 11, 12. Lineages accepted as species from the GMYC models (Fig. 11) are shown as thick branches, the most recent common ancestors of each species are shown with a black spot, and branches within species are shown as thin branches. Asterisks mark samples used as informal proxies for the type specimens of each of the taxon names (Table 1). The proxy sample for the type specimen for the oldest available name (the valid name) for each species (from Fig. 11) is marked in bold. The interpretations of the species with their valid names are shown in grey to the right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/192309/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
: the extensively yellow females labeled ‘light’ MD#352, 365, 373, 1246, 1285, 1344, 4024 and females of the darker taxon
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B154A2D3A2DDF8B4" box="[339,491,1783,1808]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C433322B154A2D3A299F8B4" box="[339,431,1783,1808]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="defector">defector</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A240B72B7C433322B1B1A2DDA2DDF8B4" box="[438,491,1785,1808]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" sensu="stricto">s. str</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. MD#1251, with the black hair most extensive in the worker ‘dark’ MD#1336). The form of the female labrum is diagnostic (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CCAC77C433322B266A338A183F890" box="[609,693,1820,1845]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 ‒ 23" captionStartId="25.[151,264,1852,1874]" captionTargetBox="[186,1380,193,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[186,1380,193,1811]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 15 ‒ 23. Morphology of the female (queen) head from the ventral aspect (labrum and mandibles): 15, B. marussinus queen, Pakistan MD # 482; 16, B. avinoviellus queen, India MD # 598; 17, B. turkestanicus queen, Tajikistan MD # 320; 18, B. defector queen, Kyrgyzstan MD # 1080; 19, B. margreiteri queen, Mongolia MD # 319; 20, B. himalayanus queen, India MD # 453. Morphology of the female (queen) left hindleg tibia from the left lateral aspect, dorsal at the top of the image, anterior to the left: 21, B. defector, China MD # 1251; 22, B. margreiteri, Mongolia MD # 319; 23, B. turkestanicus, Kyrgyzstan MD # 324." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/192311/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C433322B0C0A31BA273F861" blockId="46.[151,1437,775,2025]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
Skorikov’s illustration of the male genitalia of ‘
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B2FBA31BA711F8FC" box="[764,1063,1855,1880]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C433322B2FBA31BA083F8FC" box="[764,949,1855,1880]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mendacibombus</taxonomicName>
|
||
defector’
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C433322B43DA31BA642F8FC" author="Skorikov" box="[1082,1396,1855,1880]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refString="Skorikov, A. S. (1931) Die Hummelfauna Turkestans und ihre Beziehungen zur zentralasiatischen Fauna (Hymenoptera, Bombidae). In: V. A. Lindholm (Ed.), Abhandlungen der Pamir - Expedition 1928. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad, pp. 175 - 247." type="journal article" year="1931">Skorikov 1931: his fig. 17</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) is correctly identified. Males usually have the hair of T3‒7 orange at least in part, but occasionally the hair of T3‒7 is entirely black (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CCAC77C433322B145A3A3A2AEF804" box="[322,408,1927,1952]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1733,1755]" captionTargetBox="[314,1260,194,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[314,1261,193,1722]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 13. Assigning names to species from an estimate of phylogeny for 130 COI sequences of the subgenus Mendacibombus. Based on a BEAST analysis of the 30 unique haplotypes (Fig. 11), with the remaining sequences interpolated back into the tree with 0 branch lengths from their matching samples (where a sequence matches more than one longer sequence within a species in the Collapse results, it is added after the first matching sequence, with the addition of the two short-sequence yellow unbanded specimens from Pakistan, MD # 4058, 4059). The sequence labels follow the format used in Figs 11, 12. Lineages accepted as species from the GMYC models (Fig. 11) are shown as thick branches, the most recent common ancestors of each species are shown with a black spot, and branches within species are shown as thin branches. Asterisks mark samples used as informal proxies for the type specimens of each of the taxon names (Table 1). The proxy sample for the type specimen for the oldest available name (the valid name) for each species (from Fig. 11) is marked in bold. The interpretations of the species with their valid names are shown in grey to the right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/192309/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
: the black-tailed male labeled ‘blacktail’ MD#1250, 1256 and the lighter taxon
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B521A3A3A385F860" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C433322B521A3A3A6B4F804" box="[1318,1410,1927,1952]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="defector">defector</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A240B72B7C433322B58DA3ADA385F860" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" sensu="stricto">s. str</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. MD#1251).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C433323B0C0A3F4A6ACFD54" blockId="46.[151,1437,775,2025]" lastBlockId="47.[151,1437,151,1112]" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B0C0A3F4A2EFF84D" bold="true" box="[199,473,2000,2025]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Diagnostic description.</emphasis>
|
||
Wings nearly clear.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C433322B2B9A3F4A0CFF84C" box="[702,1017,2000,2025]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Female hair colour pattern:</emphasis>
|
||
generally black, but with yellow hair in a large patch below the base of the antenna, in a large patch or almost absent on the vertex of the head, in a transverse band anteriorly on the thoracic dorsum and extending laterally and ventrally to half way down the side of the thorax, or more rarely to the midleg base, in a transverse band posteriorly on the thoracic dorsum (scutellum; so the thoracic dorsum between the wing bases has the hair entirely black), on T1‒2, although T2 with a few black hairs intermixed along the posterior margin, orange hair on T3 as a posterior fringe, and throughout on T4‒6, except T6 dominated medially by long black hairs. Hindleg tibia with corbicular fringes usually uniformly black, but sometimes with a few hairs on the corbicular surface and in the adjacent fringes orange, or rarely the fringes predominantly orange with black hairs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CCAC77C423323B25AA5B0A199FE08" box="[605,687,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 ‒ 23" captionStartId="25.[151,264,1852,1874]" captionTargetBox="[186,1380,193,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[186,1380,193,1811]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 15 ‒ 23. Morphology of the female (queen) head from the ventral aspect (labrum and mandibles): 15, B. marussinus queen, Pakistan MD # 482; 16, B. avinoviellus queen, India MD # 598; 17, B. turkestanicus queen, Tajikistan MD # 320; 18, B. defector queen, Kyrgyzstan MD # 1080; 19, B. margreiteri queen, Mongolia MD # 319; 20, B. himalayanus queen, India MD # 453. Morphology of the female (queen) left hindleg tibia from the left lateral aspect, dorsal at the top of the image, anterior to the left: 21, B. defector, China MD # 1251; 22, B. margreiteri, Mongolia MD # 319; 23, B. turkestanicus, Kyrgyzstan MD # 324." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/192311/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C423323B2CEA5B0A709FE09" box="[713,1087,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C423323B2EAA5B1A04BFE09" box="[749,893,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makarjini">B. makarjini</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C423323B38EA5B1A709FE09" box="[905,1087,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turkestanicus">B. turkestanicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C423323B450A5B0A672FE09" box="[1111,1348,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Female morphology:</emphasis>
|
||
labrum with the basal depression broad, the transverse ridge narrower medially than the basal depression, in the median fifth gradually subsiding and narrowly interrupted by a longitudinal band of many dense medium punctures overflowing across it from the basal depression (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C423323B2C9A624A76BFDBC" box="[718,1117,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C423323B2F3A625A0A1FDBC" box="[756,919,513,536]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margreiteri">B. margreiteri</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C423323B3A2A625A76BFDBC" box="[933,1117,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turkestanicus">B. turkestanicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
), lateral tubercles with few punctures (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CCAC77C423323B113A600A25EFD98" box="[276,360,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 ‒ 23" captionStartId="25.[151,264,1852,1874]" captionTargetBox="[186,1380,193,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[186,1380,193,1811]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 15 ‒ 23. Morphology of the female (queen) head from the ventral aspect (labrum and mandibles): 15, B. marussinus queen, Pakistan MD # 482; 16, B. avinoviellus queen, India MD # 598; 17, B. turkestanicus queen, Tajikistan MD # 320; 18, B. defector queen, Kyrgyzstan MD # 1080; 19, B. margreiteri queen, Mongolia MD # 319; 20, B. himalayanus queen, India MD # 453. Morphology of the female (queen) left hindleg tibia from the left lateral aspect, dorsal at the top of the image, anterior to the left: 21, B. defector, China MD # 1251; 22, B. margreiteri, Mongolia MD # 319; 23, B. turkestanicus, Kyrgyzstan MD # 324." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/192311/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
). Clypeus in its central half with many widely spaced medium punctures (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C423323B4B4A600A21AFDC4" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C423323B4D1A601A64EFD98" box="[1238,1400,549,572]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margreiteri">B. margreiteri</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C423323B583A601A21AFDC4" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turkestanicus">B. turkestanicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
). Hindleg tibia distal edge with the broad spines (rastellum) not continuing onto the posterior edge (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C423323B0A7A648A100FD21" box="[160,566,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C423323B0C0A649A25BFD20" box="[199,365,621,644]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margreiteri">B. margreiteri</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C423323B17AA649A100FD21" box="[381,566,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turkestanicus">B. turkestanicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C423323B254A648A029FD21" box="[595,799,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Male morphology</emphasis>
|
||
: genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CCAC77C423323B3AFA648A0C9FD20" box="[936,1023,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURES 24 ‒ 35" captionStartId="26.[151,264,1867,1889]" captionTargetBox="[233,1387,193,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[233,1390,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 24 ‒ 35. Morphology of the male genitalia for species of the subgenus Mendacibombus from the dorsal aspect, anterior to the left of the image, posterior to the right: 24, B. superbus, China MD # 339; 25, B. waltoni, China MD # 216; 26, B. convexus, China MD # 215; 27, B. makarjini, Kazakhstan MD # 1240; 28, B. marussinus, Pakistan MD # 408; 29, B. avinoviellus, India MD # 404; 30, B. himalayanus, India MD # 426; 31, B. turkestanicus, China MD # 351; 32, B. defector, Kyrgyzstan MD # 367; 33, B. margreiteri, China MD # 294; 34, B. handlirschianus, Russia MD # 835; 35, B. mendax, Spain MD # 689." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/192312/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
|
||
) with the volsella distally rounded (finger-shaped) and curled back dorsally but not anteriorly; volsella at its broadest near the midpoint of its length, the dorsal surface just distal to this point without a raised curved ridge just inside the inner margin. Penis-valve inner shoulder located at 0.63× the length of the penis valve from the distal end to the broadest point of the spatha.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31D85C97C423323B0C0A6D8A0BDFBB4" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C423323B0C0A6D8A197FCF8" blockId="47.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C423323B0C0A6D8A287FCB1" bold="true" box="[199,433,764,789]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
77 queens
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D011DCB7C423323B233A6D8A1F6FCB1" box="[564,704,764,789]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="worker">233 workers</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D011DCB7C423323B2CFA6D8A009FCB1" box="[712,831,764,789]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="male">173 males</specimenCount>
|
||
, from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31096D27C423323B38DA6D8A0E6FCB1" box="[906,976,764,789]" name="China" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31096D27C423323B3DBA6D8A754FCB1" box="[988,1122,764,789]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31096D27C423323B469A6D9A7C4FCB1" box="[1134,1266,765,789]" name="Kyrgyzstan" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Kyrgyzstan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31096D27C423323B529A6D8A6AAFCB1" box="[1326,1436,764,789]" name="Tajikistan" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Tajikistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CCAC77C423323B098A73BA3CFFC9C" box="[159,249,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURES 56 ‒ 67" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1891,1913]" captionTargetBox="[320,1245,193,1835]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[320,1245,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 56 ‒ 67. Maps of the global distributions of species of the subgenus Mendacibombus from the material examined, with grey spots for specimen records and black spots for the samples with COI sequences (each species is unknown from regions outside the map boundaries shown); grey crosses for records of all species of Mendacibombus combined. Relief map with hill shading, Cartesian orthonormal projection, grey lines show borders to national administration according to UN maps, north at the top of the map. Image created in ArcGIS using World _ Shaded _ Relief basemap © 2014 Esri." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/192315/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 64</figureCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED164E877C423323B10EA704A257FC9C" box="[265,353,800,824]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED164E877C423323B176A704A292FC9C" box="[369,420,800,824]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">IAR</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED164E877C423323B1B2A704A13CFC9C" box="[437,522,800,824]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">ISEAN</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED164E877C423323B21DA704A17CFC93" box="[538,586,800,823]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">IZB</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED164E877C423323B25CA704A1ACFC93" box="[603,666,800,823]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">KUK</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED164E877C423323B2ADA704A1D8FC93" box="[682,750,800,823]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14908" name="University of Nottingham" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">NHM</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED164E877C423323B2F8A704A00EFC9C" box="[767,824,800,824]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">OLL</collectionCode>
|
||
, PW,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED164E877C423323B384A704A0ECFC93" box="[899,986,800,823]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED164E877C423323B3EDA704A71EFC9C" box="[1002,1064,800,824]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vmfx-g997" name="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">ZISP</collectionCode>
|
||
), with
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D011DCB7C423323B478A704A62AFC9C" box="[1151,1308,799,824]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="generic">29 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
sequenced (interpretable sequences listed in
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CCAC77C423323B209A760A1A2FCF8" box="[526,660,836,861]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 11 ‒ 12" captionStart-1="FIGURE 13" captionStartId-0="15.[151,264,1630,1652]" captionStartId-1="16.[151,250,1733,1755]" captionTargetBox-0="[300,1121,202,1610]" captionTargetBox-1="[314,1260,194,1721]" captionTargetId-0="figure@15.[292,1266,193,1625]" captionTargetId-1="figure@16.[314,1261,193,1722]" captionTargetPageId-0="15" captionTargetPageId-1="16" captionText-0="FIGURES 11 ‒ 12. Recognising species from an estimate of phylogeny for 30 unique COI haplotypes of the subgenus Mendacibombus by BEAST, using GMYC models and the PTP procedure. From the GMYC models (11), the single threshold T is shown by the vertical grey bar so that the intersecting lineages are interpreted as indicating 12 separate species (black spots at coalescent nodes; outgroups not shown). Values below the nodes of the maximum clade-credibility tree are Bayesian posterior probabilities showing branch support (groups with values <0.8 are considered unreliable) from the BEAST analysis with two billion MCMC generations and a 1 % burn-in. The x - scale axis is calibrated in substitutions per nucleotide site. From the PTP procedure (12), the Bayesian PTP solution with highest support also indicates 12 species. Values above the nodes are PTP Bayesian support values that all daughter haplotypes are parts of a single species; values below the nodes are Bayesian posterior probabilities showing branch support. The scale bar is calibrated in substitutions per nucleotide site. Each unique haplotype is represented by one of the longest available sample sequences, labelled with: the sequence length in number of base pairs, a taxon name or name for an unpublished colour pattern (light / dark / yellow / white / pale), and then a code that consists of a specimen identifier (MD #) from the project database and (after the hyphen) a sample identifier from BOLD or from GenBank, followed with its geographic origin." captionText-1="FIGURE 13. Assigning names to species from an estimate of phylogeny for 130 COI sequences of the subgenus Mendacibombus. Based on a BEAST analysis of the 30 unique haplotypes (Fig. 11), with the remaining sequences interpolated back into the tree with 0 branch lengths from their matching samples (where a sequence matches more than one longer sequence within a species in the Collapse results, it is added after the first matching sequence, with the addition of the two short-sequence yellow unbanded specimens from Pakistan, MD # 4058, 4059). The sequence labels follow the format used in Figs 11, 12. Lineages accepted as species from the GMYC models (Fig. 11) are shown as thick branches, the most recent common ancestors of each species are shown with a black spot, and branches within species are shown as thin branches. Asterisks mark samples used as informal proxies for the type specimens of each of the taxon names (Table 1). The proxy sample for the type specimen for the oldest available name (the valid name) for each species (from Fig. 11) is marked in bold. The interpretations of the species with their valid names are shown in grey to the right." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/192308/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/192309/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Figs. 11–13</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C423323B0C0A743A0BDFBB4" blockId="47.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C423323B0C0A743A2C7FC24" bold="true" box="[199,497,871,896]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Habitat and distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Flower-rich alpine and subalpine grassland, at elevations 936‒(2174)‒
|
||
<quantity id="4CFF7BA77C423323B500A743A66DFCDB" box="[1287,1371,871,896]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.108" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="3108.0">3108 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.. A species of the Tian Shan (including the Bogda Shan) and Alai mountains. Compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C423323B4B5A7A9A65FFC01" box="[1202,1385,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turkestanicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C423323B4B5A7A9A65FFC01" box="[1202,1385,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">B. turkestanicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C423323B146A795A288FC6C" box="[321,446,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defector">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C423323B146A795A288FC6C" box="[321,446,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">B. defector</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
extends further to the east in the Bogda Shan, overlaps broadly in the mid part of the range (the two species often occur together), but extends less far to the south.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C423323B41DA7F0A7EFFC49" box="[1050,1241,980,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defector">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C423323B41DA7F0A7EFFC49" box="[1050,1241,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Bombus defector</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
overlaps with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C423323B583A7F1A220FBB4" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margreiteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C423323B583A7F1A220FBB4" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">B. margreiteri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Tian Shan and the two sometimes occur together.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31D85C97C423323B0C0A038A051FBFC" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C423323B0C0A038A084FB90" blockId="47.[151,1437,151,1112]" box="[199,946,1052,1077]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C423323B0C0A038A26DFB91" bold="true" box="[199,347,1052,1077]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Food plants.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C423323B165A038A124FB90" author="Williams" box="[354,530,1052,1077]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refString="Williams, P. H. (1991) The bumble bees of the Kashmir Himalaya (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombini). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology), 60, 1 - 204." type="journal article" year="1991">Williams (1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 2011), under the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C423323B318A039A09DFB91" box="[799,939,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makarjini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C423323B318A039A09DFB91" box="[799,939,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">B. makarjini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C423323B0C0A01BA051FBFC" blockId="47.[151,1437,151,1112]" box="[199,871,1087,1112]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C423323B0C0A01BA27EFBFC" bold="true" box="[199,328,1087,1112]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Behaviour.</emphasis>
|
||
No records (see comments on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C423323B2A5A065A060FBFC" box="[674,854,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turkestanicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C423323B2A5A065A060FBFC" box="[674,854,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">B. turkestanicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |