plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/03/AE/2B/03AE2B55FFF8FFEC1B9E23CAFEC48FF4.xml
maintenance bc2564723d added 03
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

501 lines
56 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

<document id="CEE503748E058473FB38B8086D4E90A7" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.179151" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2a7d8e6f-de65-4bbc-9ae5-d44dacac7939" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="179151" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459939621103" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Pitts, James P." docDate="2007" docId="03AE2B55FFF8FFEC1B9E23CAFEC48FF4" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01619p043.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1619" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Odontophotopsis Viereck" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="6" masterDocId="FF97532DFFFBFFE91B092565FFB18816" masterDocTitle="Revision of Odontophotopsis Viereck (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae), Part 1, with a description of a new Genus Laminatilla" masterLastPageNumber="43" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1698230389607" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="E76189A5D38E4102AB008E4A74D7EDDC" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="E0B946319378AD2C2FA98350D43E64DD">
<mods:title id="47C2775FB4C8A1600DABA72396192100">Revision of Odontophotopsis Viereck (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae), Part 1, with a description of a new Genus Laminatilla</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="C020C72BEA3F94D6D3A8E83B08201D1D" type="personal">
<mods:role id="9AA460A0F71EE205E4F35826A54A228E">
<mods:roleTerm id="FCA01637189F924D819E41526651B40F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F6A33CAD65577B9A7A4B18CEF2633B5B">Pitts, James P.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="6291FE402EDC353ACB2B3AE0D90FEEE4">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="C226D24CD5662B348EFD8DA555B08B1B" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="A04075AE084CE1CB57EC99361BEA2909">
<mods:title id="288B386F218E4D18019A60EF53FA3246">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="C26BB59325D1FAC47CCE4DEB3CE8B07F">
<mods:date id="7D33121DF57BAE64EA77C6C6E1E5FD1F">2007</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="0513B09566D1FAFA9903A527EF5D23D0" type="volume">
<mods:number id="A951DEA5544F56971C4895CAFB8520DD">1619</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="B59B62A425971F2EC57693EA857882B3" unit="page">
<mods:start id="01A0F713FCA60A0335C61D4D8521DC02">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="233FB2717C378152A3EA705DA584E24A">43</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="20E011E60F87861CB17022032A2E0AC7">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="DAE2DDA5B6D4C6295A9A9D2B0FD9F60A" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.179151</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A428660D9F51B8B4A05AAA392F8100BA" type="GBIF-Dataset">2a7d8e6f-de65-4bbc-9ae5-d44dacac7939</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="AB29A8E3386BBE550978F0CE0A8ADE45" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E615C62C0B977313FD1382916DAC3879" type="Zenodo-Dep">179151</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03AE2B55FFF8FFEC1B9E23CAFEC48FF4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6242155" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119375794" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6242155" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE2B55FFF8FFEC1B9E23CAFEC48FF4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE2B55FFF8FFEC1B9E23CAFEC48FF4" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<subSubSection id="C31DC9C8FFF8FFEA1B9E23CAFE7B8EDF" box="[151,458,1711,1737]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BB89A43FFF8FFEA1B9E23CAFE7B8EDF" blockId="3.[151,458,1711,1737]" box="[151,458,1711,1737]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<heading id="D0F02D2FFFF8FFEA1B9E23CAFE7B8EDF" bold="true" box="[151,458,1711,1737]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFF8FFEA1B9E23CAFE7B8EDF" authority="Viereck" authorityName="Viereck" box="[151,458,1711,1737]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFF8FFEA1B9E23CAFE7B8EDF" bold="true" box="[151,458,1711,1737]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFF8FFEA1B9E23CAFED28EDF" bold="true" box="[151,355,1711,1737]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Odontophotopsis</emphasis>
Viereck
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31DC9C8FFF8FFEA1B9E239FFCE68F27" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BB89A43FFF8FFEA1B9E239FFCC58F07" blockId="3.[151,1287,1786,1969]" box="[151,884,1786,1809]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFF8FFEA1B9E239FFE5D8F07" authority="Viereck, 1903" authorityName="Viereck" authorityYear="1903" box="[151,492,1786,1809]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFF8FFEA1B9E239FFEFC8F07" box="[151,333,1786,1809]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Odontophotopsis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF96E7B2FFF8FFEA1A5D239FFE5D8F07" author="Viereck" box="[340,492,1786,1809]" pageId="3" pageNumber="43" refString="Viereck, H. L. (1903) Hymenoptera from southern California and New Mexico, with descriptions of new species. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, 54: 737 - 743." type="journal article" year="1903">Viereck, 1903</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Proc. 54: 738.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB89A43FFF8FFEA1BCE227FFCE68F27" blockId="3.[151,1287,1786,1969]" box="[199,855,1818,1841]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Type-species:
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFF8FFEA1A69227FFCA08F27" authority="Viereck, Orig." authorityName="Viereck, Orig." box="[352,785,1818,1841]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exogyra">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFF8FFEA1A69227FFDC28F27" box="[352,627,1818,1841]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Odontophotopsis exogyra</emphasis>
Viereck, Orig.
</taxonomicName>
desig.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31DC9C8FFF8FFEA1B9E225FFCD08F67" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB89A43FFF8FFEA1B9E225FFD7A8F47" blockId="3.[151,1287,1786,1969]" box="[151,715,1850,1873]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFF8FFEA1B9E225FFE848F47" box="[151,309,1850,1873]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Tetraphotopsis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF96E7B2FFF8FFEA1A32225FFE578F47" author="Ashmead" box="[315,486,1850,1873]" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1903) Classification of the fossorial, predaceous, and parasitic wasps, or the superfamily Vespoidea. Canadian Entomologist, 35, 303 - 310." type="journal article" year="1903">Ashmead, 1903</bibRefCitation>
. Canad. Ent. 35: 305.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB89A43FFF8FFEA1BCE223FFCD08F67" blockId="3.[151,1287,1786,1969]" box="[199,865,1882,1905]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Type-species:
<emphasis id="B9734651FFF8FFEA1A69223FFDDA8F67" box="[352,619,1882,1905]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Tetraphotopsis Hubbardi</emphasis>
Ashmead, Orig. desig.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31DC9C8FFF8FFEA1B9E221FFBBA8FA7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BB89A43FFF8FFEA1B9E221FFBBA8FA7" blockId="3.[151,1287,1786,1969]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFF8FFEA1B9E221FFD108F87" authority="Schuster, 1958" authorityName="Schuster" authorityYear="1958" box="[151,673,1914,1937]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Periphotopsis">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFF8FFEA1B9E221FFEFC8F87" box="[151,333,1914,1937]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Odontophotopsis</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B9734651FFF8FFEA1A55221FFE418F87" box="[348,496,1914,1937]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Periphotopsis</emphasis>
)
<bibRefCitation id="EF96E7B2FFF8FFEA1909221FFD108F87" author="Schuster" box="[512,673,1914,1937]" pageId="3" pageNumber="43" refString="Schuster, R. M. (1958) A revision of the sphaeropthalmine Mutillidae of America north of Mexico. II. Entomologica Americana 37, 1 - 130." type="journal article" year="1958">Schuster, 1958</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Ent. Amer. (n. s.) 37: 8 (in key), 60.
<emphasis id="B9734651FFF8FFEA1F26221FFAB68F84" bold="true" box="[1071,1287,1914,1938]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">NEW SYNONYM.</emphasis>
Type-species:
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFF8FFEA1A6922FFFC778FA7" authority="Schuster, Orig." authorityName="Schuster, Orig." box="[352,966,1946,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mamata" subGenus="Periphotopsis">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFF8FFEA1A6922FFFDA78FA7" box="[352,534,1946,1969]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Odontophotopsis</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B9734651FFF8FFEA192C22FFFD088FA7" box="[549,697,1946,1969]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Periphotopsis</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B9734651FFF8FFEA19C022FFFCAE8FA7" box="[713,799,1946,1969]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">mamata</emphasis>
Schuster, Orig.
</taxonomicName>
desig.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31DC9C8FFFFFFED1B9E25F2FF428AF4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BB89A43FFFFFFED1B9E25F2FF428AF4" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED1B9E25F2FEA688A7" bold="true" box="[151,279,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED1A1725FDFED388A7" box="[286,354,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Male.</emphasis>
There are no autapomorphies known for the males of this genus, and they only can be diagnosed by a unique combination of characters. Usually the mesosternum is armed with teeth or ridges (exceptions and variation are discussed under
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED1989258DFC3A8917" box="[640,907,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Interspecific Variation</emphasis>
below). Plumose setae are present and are distinct and dense, especially on the apical margins of the metasomal tergites. The sternal felt line is absent or very short when compared to the tergal felt line. In addition, this genus has the following combination of characters: the integument is normally brown to dark yellow, although the metasoma can sometimes be blackish; the compound eye is entire, large and protruding; the mandible varies from lacking a ventral emargination to being greatly emarginate ventrally, and when emarginate, there is a subtending tooth or angulation; the clypeus is truncate apically and is rarely tuberculate at the base; the notaulus is usually subcomplete, being absent on the anterior third of mesoscutum, but in some cases it can be complete; metasomal segment I varies from petiolate to subsessile with the segment II; the integumental sculpture is usually weak and sparse especially on the head, although the propodeum tends to be reticulated; the paramere and cuspis of the genitalia are slender; the parameres are needle-like and do not cross each other at rest; the cuspis is rarely longer than half the free length of the paramere and usually has a pit filled with setae located basally; and the hypopygidium is convex.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31DC9C8FFFFFFEC1BCC2795FEC48FF4" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB89A43FFFFFFED1BCC2795FBE18C5C" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED1BCC2795FE958B1F" box="[197,292,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Female.</emphasis>
The females of only three species are known (
<bibRefCitation id="EF96E7B2FFFFFFED18402795FBFA8B1C" author="Pitts" box="[841,1099,752,778]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" refString="Pitts, J. P. &amp; F. D. Parker (2003) Description of the female and larval stage of Odontophotopsis succinea Viereck (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae), with a new synonymy and notes on the species. Zootaxa, 137, 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="2003">Pitts and Parker 2003</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF96E7B2FFFFFFED1F5E2795FAA48B1C" author="Pitts" box="[1111,1301,752,778]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" refString="Pitts, J. P., T. J. Boud, &amp; E. M. Pilgrim (2007) Molecular sex association of three species of nocturnal velvet ant (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 80: 136 - 145." type="journal article" year="2007">
Pitts
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED1F9A2795FB7F8B1F" box="[1171,1230,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">et al.</emphasis>
2007
</bibRefCitation>
). A general statement concerning the generic limits for this sex is tentative at best and will need to be expanded as more females become known. Thus far, the females of
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFFFFED19DE2625FC2E8B4F" box="[727,927,832,857]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED19DE2625FC2E8B4F" box="[727,927,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Odontophotopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from females of other sphaeropthalmine genera by the following combination of characters: presence of plumose pubescence that is especially dense dorsally obscuring the integument of the vertex and the dorsum of the mesosoma, the mandible with a distinct ventral tooth, absence of a dorsal carina on the antennal scrobe, antennal F1 being only slightly longer than the pedicel, absence of a genal carina, sometimes with transverse carinae located posteriorly on the dorsum of the mesosoma, the first metasomal segment subsessile to petiolate and slightly disciform, and presence of lateral carinae that define the heavily sculptured pygidium.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB89A43FFFFFFED1BCC2132FB1A8E47" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED1BCC2132FE458C67" bold="true" box="[197,500,1111,1137]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Nomenclatural changes.</emphasis>
Thorough study of the nocturnal mutillid species has lead to several synonymies and new combinations related to
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFFFFED196A21E5FC9A8C8F" box="[611,811,1152,1177]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED196A21E5FC9A8C8F" box="[611,811,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Odontophotopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. First, Schuster placed
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFFFFED1F4C21E5FB7B8C8F" box="[1093,1226,1152,1177]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mamata">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED1F4C21E5FB7B8C8F" box="[1093,1226,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">O. mamata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the monotypic subgenus
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED1A0721CDFE008CD7" box="[270,433,1192,1217]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Periphotopsis</emphasis>
Schuster based on the unique mesosternal process. This species lacks mesosternal processes, but has a pair of swollen, convex, impunctate longitudinal elevations that are located directly anterior to the mesocoxae instead. All other characters, however, suggest that this species is best placed in
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED1E58219DFEFF8D2F" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFFFFED1E58219DFEAF8D2F" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">Odontophotopsis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A240FB2AFFFFFFED1A212045FEFF8D2F" box="[296,334,1312,1337]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" sensu="stricto">s.s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
in the
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFFFFED1AA12045FDA38D2F" box="[424,530,1312,1337]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parva">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED1AA12045FDA38D2F" box="[424,530,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">O. parva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-group. As such,
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED184D2045FC568D2F" box="[836,999,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Periphotopsis</emphasis>
is considered a
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED1FB9207AFAC88D2F" bold="true" box="[1200,1401,1311,1337]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">junior synonym</emphasis>
of
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED1B9E202DFED68D77" box="[151,359,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFFFFED1B9E202DFED28D77" box="[151,355,1352,1377]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Odontophotopsis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Second, Schuster placed
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFFFFED19BF202DFC4B8D74" authority="Schuster" authorityName="Schuster" box="[694,1018,1352,1378]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubriventris" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED19BF202DFCDE8D77" box="[694,879,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">O. rubriventris</emphasis>
(Schuster)
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED1F062022FB158D77" bold="true" box="[1039,1188,1351,1377]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A240FB2AFFFFFFED1F062022FB2F8D77" box="[1039,1182,1351,1377]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">new comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
</emphasis>
in
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFFFFED1FD2202DFA2D8D77" box="[1243,1436,1352,1377]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaeropthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED1FD2202DFA2D8D77" box="[1243,1436,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Sphaeropthalma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because of the lack of sternal processes, but all other characters, including genitalia, suggest that this species belongs in the
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFFFFED1A4820FDFE6A8DA7" box="[321,475,1432,1457]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melicausa">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED1A4820FDFE6A8DA7" box="[321,475,1432,1457]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">O. melicausa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-group. Third, Schuster placed
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFFFFED18A920FDFAEF8DA4" authority="Schuster" authorityName="Schuster" box="[928,1374,1432,1458]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Photomorphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piceogaster" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED18A920FDFB6C8DA7" box="[928,1245,1432,1457]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Photomorphus piceogaster</emphasis>
(Schuster)
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED1E6020F2FF5B8DCF" bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A240FB2AFFFFFFED1E6020F2FF558DCF" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">new comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
</emphasis>
in
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFFFFED1A1B20A5FE6A8DCF" box="[274,475,1472,1497]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED1A1B20A5FE6A8DCF" box="[274,475,1472,1497]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Odontophotopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to the spine-like sternal processes, which are normally tuberculate or lamellate ridges in
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFFFFED1A30208DFE548E17" box="[313,485,1512,1537]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Photomorphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED1A30208DFE548E17" box="[313,485,1512,1537]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Photomorphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and due to the lack of a carinate mentum, which is normally carinate in
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFFFFED1E45208DFF4C8E3F" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Photomorphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED1E45208DFF4C8E3F" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Photomorphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. There are several species of
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFFFFED195F2375FCB38E3F" box="[598,770,1552,1577]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Photomorphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED195F2375FCB38E3F" box="[598,770,1552,1577]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Photomorphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that have spine-like sternal processes and lack a carinate mentum, and all other morphological characters best place this species in
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED18FE235DFB1A8E47" box="[1015,1195,1592,1617]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFFFFED18FE235DFB168E47" box="[1015,1191,1592,1617]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Photomorphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Photomorphus</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB89A43FFFFFFED1BCC2305FEB68F7C" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Members of the
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFFFFED1A8C2305FD988E6F" box="[389,553,1632,1657]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamellifera">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED1A8C2305FD988E6F" box="[389,553,1632,1657]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">O. lamellifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-group
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED19D52305FCAC8E6F" box="[732,797,1632,1657]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF96E7B2FFFFFFED182D2305FC6E8E6C" author="Schuster" box="[804,991,1632,1658]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" refString="Schuster, R. M. (1958) A revision of the sphaeropthalmine Mutillidae of America north of Mexico. II. Entomologica Americana 37, 1 - 130." type="journal article" year="1958">Schuster (1958)</bibRefCitation>
sufficiently differ from the remaining
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFFFFED1B9E23EDFEEE8EB7" box="[151,351,1672,1697]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED1B9E23EDFEEE8EB7" box="[151,351,1672,1697]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Odontophotopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-groups by several morphological features used to differentiate
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFFFFED1FDD23EDFA2D8EB7" box="[1236,1436,1672,1697]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED1FDD23EDFA2D8EB7" box="[1236,1436,1672,1697]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Odontophotopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the other nocturnal genera. As such, the species previously placed in this species-group (
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFFFFED1FE423D5FF4F8EE4" authority="Schuster" authorityName="Schuster" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Laminatilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicornigera">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED1FE423D5FA2D8EDF" box="[1261,1436,1712,1737]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">O. bicornigera</emphasis>
Schuster
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFFFFED1A0223BDFD908EE4" authority="Schuster" authorityName="Schuster" box="[267,545,1752,1778]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamellifera">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED1A0223BDFE008EE7" box="[267,433,1752,1777]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">O. lamellifera</emphasis>
Schuster
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFFFFED196B23BDFCC28EE4" authority="Schuster" authorityName="Schuster" box="[610,883,1752,1778]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mixtoensis">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED196B23BDFCB28EE7" box="[610,771,1752,1777]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">O. mixtoensis</emphasis>
Schuster
</taxonomicName>
) are placed in
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED1F2F23BDFB078EE7" box="[1062,1206,1752,1777]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFFFFED1F2F23BDFB038EE7" box="[1062,1202,1752,1777]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Laminatilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Laminatilla</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED1FB623B2FA9E8EE7" bold="true" box="[1215,1327,1751,1777]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A240FB2AFFFFFFED1FB623B2FA9E8EE7" box="[1215,1327,1751,1777]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
The reasoning behind this decision is discussed in the remarks section for the new genus. A key to the species of
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFFFFED1E572265FF5D8F57" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Laminatilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED1E572265FF5D8F57" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Laminatilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and, due to the confusing nature of these genera, a key for the Nearctic genera of Sphaeropthalmini are provided.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB89A43FFFFFFEC1BCC2212FE218914" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2018]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,152,2018]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED1BCC2212FE508F87" bold="true" box="[197,481,1911,1937]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Interspecific variation.</emphasis>
For
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFFFFED1910221DFD508F87" box="[537,737,1912,1937]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED1910221DFD508F87" box="[537,737,1912,1937]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Odontophotopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
males, the mandibles are useful for delineating the species. The mandibles usually are tridentate apically, but sometimes can be bidentate (e.g., in
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFFFFED1F9F22C5FAC18FAC" authority="Mickel" authorityName="Mickel" box="[1174,1392,1952,1978]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuata">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED1F9F22C5FAA48FAF" box="[1174,1301,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">O. arcuata</emphasis>
Mickel
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFFFFED1E7622C5FEEE8FF4" authority="Mickel" authorityName="Mickel" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="infantula">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED1E7622C5FEB08FF7" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">O. infantula</emphasis>
Mickel
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFFFFED1A6522ADFE6E8FF7" box="[364,479,1992,2017]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erebus">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED1A6522ADFE6E8FF7" box="[364,479,1992,2017]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">O. erebus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFFFFED1AE622ADFD428FF4" authority="Schuster" authorityName="Schuster" box="[495,755,1992,2018]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicornis">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED1AE622ADFD358FF7" box="[495,644,1992,2017]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">O. unicornis</emphasis>
Schuster
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFFFFED183A22ADFBB68FF4" authority="Mickel" authorityName="Mickel" box="[819,1031,1992,2018]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosa">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFFFFED183A22ADFC178FF7" box="[819,934,1992,2017]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">O. villosa</emphasis>
Mickel
</taxonomicName>
), or rarely quadridentate (only for
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC1B9E25FDFE3788A4" authority="Schuster" authorityName="Schuster" box="[151,390,152,178]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conifera">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC1B9E25FDFEAD88A7" box="[151,284,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">O. conifera</emphasis>
Schuster
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC1A9D25FDFDCC88A4" authority="Schuster" authorityName="Schuster" box="[404,637,152,178]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setifera">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC1A9D25FDFDBE88A7" box="[404,527,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">O. setifera</emphasis>
Schuster
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC198025FDFCD488A4" authority="Blake" authorityName="Blake" box="[649,869,152,178]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venusta">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC198025FDFCB788A7" box="[649,774,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">O. venusta</emphasis>
(Blake)
</taxonomicName>
, and an undescribed species from
<collectingCountry id="F310DAD3FFFEFFEC1FF025FDFAE288A4" box="[1273,1363,152,178]" name="Mexico" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Mexico</collectingCountry>
in the
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC1B9E25A5FEA988CF" box="[151,280,192,217]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venusta">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC1B9E25A5FEA988CF" box="[151,280,192,217]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">O. venusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-group). The mandibles vary from having a distinct basal tooth on the ventral margin to lacking a basal tooth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB89A43FFFEFFEC1BCC2475FD0D8B1C" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Schuster placed great emphasis on the dentate mesosternum of
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC18CC2475FB3C893F" box="[965,1165,272,297]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC18CC2475FB3C893F" box="[965,1165,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Odontophotopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
males and placed any species lacking these structures into different genera or subgenera. The armature of the mesosternum is of the utmost importance in species identification and, typically, most
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC18862405FBE9896F" box="[911,1112,352,377]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC18862405FBE9896F" box="[911,1112,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Odontophotopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species have the mesosternum armed with a pair of tooth-like processes situated anteromedially (just posterior to the anterior procoxal concavity on the mesosternum). Sometimes these processes can be compound (i.e., more than one process on each side of the mesosternum) with the mesosternum having two to five distinct teeth on each side of the midline (e.g.,
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC1A192765FD898A0C" authority="Melander" authorityName="Melander" box="[272,568,512,538]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cockerelli">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC1A192765FE198A0F" box="[272,424,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">O. cockerelli</emphasis>
(Melander)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC194F2765FC808A0C" authority="Viereck" authorityName="Viereck" box="[582,817,512,538]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exogyra">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC194F2765FD7B8A0F" box="[582,714,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">O. exogyra</emphasis>
Viereck
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC18362765FBFE8A0C" authority="Schuster" authorityName="Schuster" box="[831,1103,512,538]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hexadonta">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC18362765FC6E8A0F" box="[831,991,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">O. hexadonta</emphasis>
Schuster
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC1F552765FA298A0C" authority="Schuster" authorityName="Schuster" box="[1116,1432,512,538]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadridentata">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC1F552765FA998A0F" box="[1116,1320,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">O. quadridentata</emphasis>
Schuster
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC1BC5274DFDA18A54" authority="Schuster" authorityName="Schuster" box="[204,528,552,578]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrispinosa">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC1BC5274DFE2D8A57" box="[204,412,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">O. quadrispinosa</emphasis>
Schuster
</taxonomicName>
). In several species, the mesosternum lacks armature. Lack of mesosternal armature occurs specifically in
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC19112735FCA98A7C" authority="Schuster" authorityName="Schuster" box="[536,792,592,618]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sonora" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC19112735FD208A7F" box="[536,657,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">O. sonora</emphasis>
(Schuster)
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC1821272AFC0B8A7F" bold="true" box="[808,954,591,617]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A240FB2AFFFEFFEC1821272AFC028A7F" box="[808,947,591,617]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">new comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC18CC2735FBC88A7F" box="[965,1145,592,617]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubriventris">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC18CC2735FBC88A7F" box="[965,1145,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">O. rubriventris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, some specimens of
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC1E762735FE228A87" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC1E762735FF4D8A87" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conifera">O. conifera</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC1A01271DFE228A87" authority="Schuster" authorityName="Schuster" box="[264,403,632,657]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edentata">O. edentata</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Schuster,
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC1904271DFC818A84" authority="Ferguson" authorityName="Ferguson" box="[525,816,632,658]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="microdonta">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC1904271DFD098A87" box="[525,696,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">O. microdonta</emphasis>
Ferguson
</taxonomicName>
, one undescribed species from the
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC1FD8271DFA848A87" box="[1233,1333,632,657]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serca">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC1FD8271DFA848A87" box="[1233,1333,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">O. serca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
speciesgroup, and one from the
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC1ACB27C5FD9D8AAF" box="[450,556,672,697]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parva">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC1ACB27C5FD9D8AAF" box="[450,556,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">O. parva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-group.
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC19E027C5FBA48AAF" box="[745,1045,672,697]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venusta">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC19E027C5FBA48AAF" box="[745,1045,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Odontophotopsis venusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has additional longitudinal crescent-shaped processes located laterally on the mesosternum just anterior to the mesocoxae, as well as the normal tooth-like processes found anteromedially.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB89A43FFFEFFEC1BCC267DFF608BC4" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
I have retained the species-group classification of
<bibRefCitation id="EF96E7B2FFFEFFEC1811267DFC668B24" author="Schuster" box="[792,983,792,818]" pageId="5" pageNumber="43" refString="Schuster, R. M. (1958) A revision of the sphaeropthalmine Mutillidae of America north of Mexico. II. Entomologica Americana 37, 1 - 130." type="journal article" year="1958">Schuster (1958)</bibRefCitation>
. This is the most convenient means to associate and group species that are probably closely related. Some groups may contain species of dubious relations, however, such as the
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC190A260DFDCF8B97" box="[515,638,872,897]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setifera">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC190A260DFDCF8B97" box="[515,638,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">O. setifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group and
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC1808260DFC2A8B97" box="[769,923,872,897]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melicausa">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC1808260DFC2A8B97" box="[769,923,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">O. melicausa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-group, and a discussion is provided in the remarks section if relationships are questionable. An updated key to the species-groups is provided here.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB89A43FFFEFFEC1BCC26BAFBE78E3C" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC1BCC26BAFDF28BEF" bold="true" box="[197,579,991,1017]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Difficulties with identification.</emphasis>
Determining the genus of some nocturnal species can be very challenging. As mentioned above, some species of
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC198E216DFC858C37" box="[647,820,1032,1057]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Photomorphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC198E216DFC858C37" box="[647,820,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Photomorphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have spinose mesosternal processes that appear similar to
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC1BE32155FE0B8C5F" box="[234,442,1072,1097]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC1BE32155FE048C5F" box="[234,437,1072,1097]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Odontophotopsis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and can be confused with the latter genus. This is especially true for
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC1E1F2155FF4F8C64" authority="Schuster" authorityName="Schuster" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Photomorphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dichrous">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC1E1F2155FA2D8C5F" box="[1302,1436,1072,1097]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">P. dichrous</emphasis>
Schuster
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC1A00213DFE518C64" authority="Schuster" authorityName="Schuster" box="[265,480,1112,1138]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Photomorphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cobabi">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC1A00213DFEC48C67" box="[265,373,1112,1137]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">P. cobabi</emphasis>
Schuster
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC1911213DFD0A8C67" box="[536,699,1112,1137]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Photomorphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piceogaster">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC1911213DFD0A8C67" box="[536,699,1112,1137]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">P. piceogaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In this case,
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC1852213DFB928C67" box="[859,1059,1112,1137]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC1852213DFB928C67" box="[859,1059,1112,1137]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Odontophotopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be differentiated from these confusing species of
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC1A8621E5FD8D8C8F" box="[399,572,1152,1177]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Photomorphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC1A8621E5FD8D8C8F" box="[399,572,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Photomorphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the short or absent sternal felt line, presence of plumose setae, and by parallel mesosternal processes. In these species of
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC19E221CDFC2F8CD7" box="[747,926,1192,1217]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC19E221CDFC2B8CD7" box="[747,922,1192,1217]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Photomorphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Photomorphus</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
the apices of the mesosternal processes tilt towards each other, such that the apices are closer than the bases of the processes. Furthermore,
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC1E1421B5FEEE8D07" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Photomorphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piceogaster">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC1E1421B5FEEE8D07" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Photomorphus piceogaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be easily identified by the unique clypeus that has the lateral arms swollen appearing as transverse carinae. Most other species of
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC19892045FC9D8D2F" box="[640,812,1312,1337]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Photomorphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC19892045FC9D8D2F" box="[640,812,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Photomorphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, however, are easily distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC1E072045FF6D8D77" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC1E072045FF6D8D77" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Odontophotopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to the carinate condition of the mentum and the unique armature of the mesosternum.
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC1E14202DFF7E8D9F" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Photomorphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC1E14202DFF7E8D9F" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Photomorphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
typically has longitudinally denticulate, transversely dentiform, transversely truncate or ridge-like processes rather than being just bidentate anteriorly. This more typical
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC18F020FDFB148DA7" box="[1017,1189,1432,1457]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Photomorphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC18F020FDFB148DA7" box="[1017,1189,1432,1457]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Photomorphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-
<typeStatus id="54BC24E1FFFEFFEC1FA420FDFB508DA4" box="[1197,1249,1432,1458]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">type</typeStatus>
of mesosternal process is only vaguely similar to some species of
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC19F820A5FC088DCF" box="[753,953,1472,1497]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC19F820A5FC088DCF" box="[753,953,1472,1497]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Odontophotopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC18C220A5FBD38DCF" box="[971,1122,1472,1497]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cockerelli">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC18C220A5FBD38DCF" box="[971,1122,1472,1497]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">O. cockerelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC1F9420A5FA8D8DCF" box="[1181,1340,1472,1497]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hexadonta">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC1F9420A5FA8D8DCF" box="[1181,1340,1472,1497]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">O. hexadonta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and is not easily confused. Furthermore,
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC1939208DFD6C8E17" box="[560,733,1512,1537]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Photomorphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC1939208DFD6C8E17" box="[560,733,1512,1537]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Photomorphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
usually has a densely and deeply punctate head, and some species have a tubercle situated medially near the posterior margin of the clypeus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB89A43FFFEFFEC1BCC235DFEC48FF4" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Species of
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC1A47235DFDA78E47" box="[334,534,1592,1617]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC1A47235DFDA78E47" box="[334,534,1592,1617]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Odontophotopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lacking mesosternal processes can be difficult to determine to genus and could be easily mistaken for
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC19092305FD708E6F" box="[512,705,1632,1657]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaeropthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC19092305FD708E6F" box="[512,705,1632,1657]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Sphaeropthalma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. These
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC182F2305FC5F8E6F" box="[806,1006,1632,1657]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC182F2305FC5F8E6F" box="[806,1006,1632,1657]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Odontophotopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, however, have the typical dense plumose setae on the apical margins of the metasomal tergites and also have typical genitalia, with the cuspis cylindrically shaped and as short as, or shorter than, half of the free length of the parameres.
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC1B9E23BDFEE98EE7" box="[151,344,1752,1777]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaeropthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC1B9E23BDFEE98EE7" box="[151,344,1752,1777]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Sphaeropthalma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species have less dense plumose setae; the plumose setae normally are sparse, being confined to a single row on the apical margins of the metasomal tergites, or, at least, is decumbent. The cuspis of
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC1B9E224DFEE98F57" box="[151,344,1832,1857]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaeropthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC1B9E224DFEE98F57" box="[151,344,1832,1857]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Sphaeropthalma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
normally is longer than half of the free length of the paramere, and can be lobed, flattened, or have other modifications. Lastly, one species of
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC19C32235FB828F7F" box="[714,1075,1872,1897]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC19C32235FC3F8F7F" box="[714,910,1872,1897]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaeropthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sphaeropthalma</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC18902235FB828F7F" authority="Ferguson" authorityName="Ferguson" box="[921,1075,1872,1897]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaeropthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macswaini">S. macswaini</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Ferguson, has small mesosternal processes in some specimens and could be confused with
<taxonomicName id="4C07E1C0FFFEFFEC1865221DFB858F87" box="[876,1076,1912,1937]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9734651FFFEFFEC1865221DFB858F87" box="[876,1076,1912,1937]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Odontophotopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This species is recognized by the clypeus that projects over the mandibles, and by the mandibles, which are greatly dilated apically with a large ventral tooth.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink