treatments-xml/data/03/FA/C7/03FAC732FFF106690DC71292370DD6B7.xml
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

367 lines
42 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="9D28B437FEB01E9EBE20167DDDAEA78C" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4809.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3933799" ID-ZooBank="263939A4-E63E-4EE9-9AB6-0549794F9F24" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1594125540984" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Grimaldi, David A. &amp; Jones, Lance E." docDate="2020" docId="03FAC732FFF106690DC71292370DD6B7" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4809.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4809 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Drosophila spinipes Lamb 1914" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="10" masterDocId="FFC3BF4AFFF606600D50106F3362D534" masterDocTitle="A Revision of the Drosophila spinipes Species Group (Diptera: Drosophilidae)" masterLastPageNumber="28" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="8" updateTime="1698778559937" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="94D95CF99050B2B360449C9B94AFB4F2" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="859AF577F6A6DFF289B924AE48BEFA60">
<mods:title id="FC3B710D706B5DD9CDA04ED4089492EC">A Revision of the Drosophila spinipes Species Group (Diptera: Drosophilidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="B5A457FF9C106854ED70D359D9764711" type="personal">
<mods:role id="6C01FE40BDA2839737216760998A838D">
<mods:roleTerm id="F9C5ABE38E4261027F3BE15A55D9C6DB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="99D47499DD32BFC059AE9DCAB0832809">Grimaldi, David A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="DD8413C49D8915F5D9C100FA3AF66FED">Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79 St., New York, NY 1002 &amp; grimaldi @ amnh. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2271 - 0172</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="AA3382F07705C9AB2E8216A2972C9BF9" type="personal">
<mods:role id="31A128CC93AAC2D2E681BCA1CA368835">
<mods:roleTerm id="61676EE92F0729FC82BC7A4E69B1EC1A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="B71144E15F5C39BC460F220134D2CC56">Jones, Lance E.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="BFD397AAABFE22C1DB889ED7392F01B7">Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79 St., New York, NY 1002 &amp; ljones 1 @ amnh. org https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6368 - 9720</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="CBD60C2747AD250E836ADCD0DA7F7BC1">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="868E5C5C30C42B00F3D98DC9F3DD73B1" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="36A48EBB0C6264F0FF5CAA00D059DAEE">
<mods:title id="6157DF704D079EA360BDEF09E7E7EE2D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="6E659BBB184549DDC0F84C7D24EEFCC2">
<mods:date id="B2DF5FA06A6F83C8293C21B7F60121E9">2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="FA811E8E2A70AD0198286C6E9692E40A" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="405E1FBE3B3E86795ED38C0EC8A76C2D">2020-07-06</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="C9099F6F1B8027833F4B09FDB0D74E2D" type="volume">
<mods:number id="398716404F658BBF0380EB52A51CA869">4809</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="97AF4041A3C6E9AD68EE6C9D8643B7F0" type="issue">
<mods:number id="59C9DD93550A7D26CA5FACB7AB0DDC72">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="CC8FCE9F4768F2FFE697B7D77B356D6C" unit="page">
<mods:start id="1FE49E36C9832D997FDF984E97FCB063">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="5BD6C439CD75AC1F559E8EA3D6FEB61D">28</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="58D6EB8B1FC778AC268B5702634CE325">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="972F4E6CE6F023B2FF236E3310306E1D" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4809.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7B1BCC81A151FD4015669C83480B2C98" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0415B629EACC6F14D813A95509249D82" type="Zenodo-Dep">3933799</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8F3C68EC8E731491A4D9FE4D11733E5F" type="ZooBank">263939A4-E63E-4EE9-9AB6-0549794F9F24</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03FAC732FFF106690DC71292370DD6B7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FAC732FFF106690DC71292370DD6B7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FAC732FFF106690DC71292370DD6B7" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<subSubSection id="C34925AFFFF106670DC7129232B8D623" box="[151,474,765,792]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BEC7624FFF106670DC7129232B8D623" blockId="7.[151,474,765,827]" box="[151,474,765,792]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<heading id="D0A4C148FFF106670DC7129232B8D623" bold="true" box="[151,474,765,792]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C530DA7FFF106670DC7129232B8D623" ID-CoL="8BY7C" authority="Lamb" authorityName="Lamb" authorityYear="1914" box="[151,474,765,792]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFF106670DC7129232B8D623" bold="true" box="[151,474,765,792]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFF106670DC7129232EAD623" bold="true" box="[151,392,765,792]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Drosophila spinipes</emphasis>
Lamb
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34925AFFFF106670DC7134E32FDD60F" box="[151,415,800,827]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BEC7624FFF106670DC7134E32FDD60F" blockId="7.[151,474,765,827]" box="[151,415,800,827]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<figureCitation id="13686AA1FFF106670DC7134E3383D60F" box="[151,225,801,827]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1817,1842]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1792]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1435,181,1792]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Lateral and dorsal habitus of several Drosophila spinipes-group species. A. D. freidbergi n. sp. (HS-06). B. D. malagasy n. sp. (HS-18). C. D. nigrospinipes n. sp. (HS-24). D. D. phalloserra n. sp. (HS-08). E. Dorsal thorax, sp. C (HS-13). F. D. spinipes Lamb (NHMUK 014335955), dorsum. G. D. spinipes Lamb (NHMUK 014335956), lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3933805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3933805/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
FG, 4G, 5F, 7G
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34925AFFFF106670DC7130A3085D68F" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BEC7624FFF106670DC7130A317CD64A" blockId="7.[151,999,869,955]" box="[151,542,869,894]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB43510AFFF106670DC7130A317CD64A" box="[151,542,869,894]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<treatmentCitation id="0AF25035FFF106670DC7130A3178D64A" author="Lamb, C. G." box="[151,538,869,894]" page="336" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" year="1914">
<taxonomicName id="4C530DA7FFF106670DC7130A3178D64A" ID-CoL="8BY7C" authority="Lamb, 1914: 336" authorityName="Lamb" authorityPageNumber="336" authorityYear="1914" box="[151,538,869,894]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFF106670DC7130A3201D649" box="[151,355,869,893]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Drosophila spinipes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC20BD5FFF106670C39130A3178D64A" author="Lamb, C. G." box="[361,538,869,894]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="307 - 372" refId="ref16345" refString="Lamb, C. G. (1914) The Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905. XV. Diptera: Heteroneuridae, Ortalidae, Trypetidae, Sepsidae, Micropezidae, Drosophilidae, Geomyzidae, Milichilidae. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Series 2, Zoology, 16 (4), 307 - 372. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1913. tb 00152. x" type="journal article" year="1914">Lamb, 1914: 336</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC7624FFF106670DC713EB3194D6A8" blockId="7.[151,999,869,955]" box="[151,758,899,924]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="4C530DA7FFF106670DC713EB3101D6A8" ID-CoL="8BY7C" authority="Lamb" authorityName="Lamb" authorityYear="1914" box="[151,611,899,924]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes" subGenus="Hirtodrosophila">
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFF106670DC713EB326BD6A8" box="[151,265,900,924]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Drosophila</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFF106670C4813EB32DED6A8" box="[280,444,900,924]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Hirtodrosophila</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFF106670C9B13EA317CD6A8" box="[459,542,901,924]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">spinipes</emphasis>
Lamb
</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFC20BD5FFF106670F3C13EB3190D6A8" author="Tsacas, L." box="[620,754,900,924]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="103 - 161" refId="ref16778" refString="Tsacas, L. (1990) Drosophilidae de l'Afrique Australe (Diptera). Annals of the Natal Museum, 31, 103 - 161." type="journal article" year="1990">Tsacas, 1990</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC7624FFF106670DC713CC3085D68F" blockId="7.[151,999,869,955]" box="[151,999,930,955]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="4C530DA7FFF106670DC713CC31E0D68F" ID-CoL="6DLWP" authority="Burla, 1954" authorityName="Burla" authorityYear="1954" box="[151,642,930,955]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suma" subGenus="Hirtodrosophila">
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFF106670DC713CC326BD68F" box="[151,265,931,955]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Drosophila</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFF106670C4813CC32DED68F" box="[280,444,931,955]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Hirtodrosophila</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFF106670C9B13CC3162D68E" box="[459,512,931,954]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">suma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC20BD5FFF106670F5713CD31E0D68F" author="Burla, H." box="[519,642,930,955]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 218" refId="ref15506" refString="Burla, H. (1954) Zur kenntnis der Drosophiliden der Elfenbeinkuste (Franzosisch West-Afrika). Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 61 (supplement), 1 - 218. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 75413" type="journal article" year="1954">Burla, 1954</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFC20BD5FFF106670FDB13CC306CD68F" author="Tsacas, L." box="[651,782,930,955]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="49 - 58" refId="ref16805" refString="Tsacas, L. (2006) Nouvelles especes de la Cote D'Ivoire capturees au piege lumineux (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Revue Francaise d'Entomologie, 28 (2), 49 - 58." type="journal article" year="2006">Tsacas, 2006</bibRefCitation>
(as junior synonym).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34925AFFFF106670DC7138737AED15B" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BEC7624FFF106670DC7138737AED15B" blockId="7.[151,1437,1000,2035]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFF106670DC713873276D137" bold="true" box="[151,276,1000,1027]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Thorax and head entirely light colored, a dark, dull, yellowish ochre, not dark black-brown or contrasting with legs and ventral pleura. Anterior reclinate midway between other two ipsilateral orbital setae; protarsomere 1 with 3 black, sclerotized spines (if present, spine no. 7 minute, unsclerotized), protarsomere 2 with 4 spines. Oviscapt uniquely with large terminal pegs and only 3 smaller pegs in ventral series. Male unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34925AFFFF106670D9714173721D0E3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BEC7624FFF106670D9714173721D0E3" blockId="7.[151,1437,1000,2035]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFF106670D9714173239D1A7" bold="true" box="[199,347,1144,1171]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Description:</emphasis>
Coloration unique in group: light bodied, frons, face, mouthparts, scutum, scutellum, all of pleura dull, dark yellowish-ochre; abdominal tergites 25 with diffuse, darker markings, darkest on posterior margin of tergites, laterally diffuse. Setae, acrostichals reflect lighter than cuticle. Halter entirely light yellow. Costal spinules end ~0.3x distance from tips of R
<subScript id="17D77461FFF106670F5714993143D030" attach="left" box="[519,545,1270,1284]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">2+3</subScript>
and R
<subScript id="17D77461FFF106670F38149931E0D030" attach="left" box="[616,642,1270,1284]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">4+5</subScript>
. Protarsus with segment 1 slightly shorter than segment 2; with 7 black, heavily sclerotized spines, 4 on tarsomere 2, 3 spines on tarsomere 1 (spine 7 either absent or minute and not sclerotized), spine 8 slightly stouter than in other species. Oviscapt unique: apex truncate, pegs in dorsal triad and ventral pair in nearly a vertical row, these pegs significantly larger than ones in ventral series; apical notch deep, slight notch between ventral pair and ventral series, latter with only 3 small pegs.
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFF106670EB8151A37F5D0BB" bold="true" box="[1000,1175,1397,1423]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Measurements</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFF1066709F6151A378DD0BB" bold="true" box="[1190,1263,1397,1423]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Head:</emphasis>
HD/HW 0.82; FL/LFW 1.41; EW/ED 0.71; OR2/OR1 0.810.88; OR3/OR1 1.090.94; OC/POC 1.50; FW/FD 0.62; ODB/ODA 0.52;
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFF106670D8715D2325BD0E3" bold="true" box="[215,313,1469,1495]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Thorax:</emphasis>
ThL mm.; UPS/LHS; LHS/ThL; ADC/PDC; AKE/PKE; LF1/LF2.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34925AFFFF106690D97158E3117D477" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BEC7624FFF106670D97158E31C0D3E7" blockId="7.[151,1437,1000,2035]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<materialsCitation id="3B3B7C79FFF106670D97158E3758D353" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="Evenhuis &amp; London" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" specimenCode="NHMUK 014335955" specimenCount="6" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFF106670D97158E325FD0CF" bold="true" box="[199,317,1505,1531]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<typeStatus id="54E8C886FFF106670D97158E325AD0CF" box="[199,312,1505,1531]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
None was designated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFC20BD5FFF106670F37158E319DD0CF" author="Lamb, C. G." box="[615,767,1505,1531]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="307 - 372" refId="ref16345" refString="Lamb, C. G. (1914) The Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905. XV. Diptera: Heteroneuridae, Ortalidae, Trypetidae, Sepsidae, Micropezidae, Drosophilidae, Geomyzidae, Milichilidae. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Series 2, Zoology, 16 (4), 307 - 372. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1913. tb 00152. x" type="journal article" year="1914">Lamb (1914)</bibRefCitation>
, though specimen
<specimenCode id="DBF5DE5FFFF106670E87158E37A5D0CF" box="[983,1223,1504,1531]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="Museum">NHMUK 014335955</specimenCode>
(described below) bears a small, round, red label “Type H.T.”, which may refer to “
<typeStatus id="54E8C886FFF106670E3F166A30BBD32B" box="[879,985,1541,1567]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
”.
<collectorName id="26A613F2FFF106670EBE166A3734D32B" box="[1006,1110,1541,1567]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Evenhuis</collectorName>
(2007) gives a history of the BMNH practice of labeling specimens from an original
<typeStatus id="54E8C886FFF106670E411646300AD377" box="[785,872,1577,1603]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
series, one as “
<typeStatus id="54E8C886FFF1066709471646371CD377" box="[1047,1150,1577,1603]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
” and the others as “
<typeStatus id="54E8C886FFF106670830164633AED353" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
”, as a wartime effort to sequester
<typeStatus id="54E8C886FFF106670F1B162231DAD353" box="[587,696,1613,1639]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">holotypes</typeStatus>
in a safe location outside
<collectorName id="26A613F2FFF106670E8F16223758D353" box="[991,1082,1613,1639]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">London</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B3B7C79FFF106670915162231FFD3E7" collectionCode="NHMUK" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" specimenCode="NHMUK 014335955" specimenCount="5" typeStatus="lectotype">
<typeStatus id="54E8C886FFF106670915162237D7D353" box="[1093,1205,1613,1639]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
designations ideally should be made in the context of a revision. Regrettably, many entomologists studying the BM collections have mistakenly interpreted these
<typeStatus id="54E8C886FFF106670C8D16FA315DD39B" box="[477,575,1685,1711]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
as original
<typeStatus id="54E8C886FFF106670F9516FA3050D39B" box="[709,818,1685,1711]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">holotypes</typeStatus>
and
<typeStatus id="54E8C886FFF106670E3A16FA30BAD39B" box="[874,984,1685,1711]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
, as Evenhuis (2007) explains.
<specimenCode id="DBF5DE5FFFF10667086216FA3277D3E7" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="Museum">NHMUK 014335955</specimenCode>
is designated here as the
<typeStatus id="54E8C886FFF106670F6316D631FFD3E7" box="[563,669,1721,1747]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC7624FFF106670D9716B33032D22F" blockId="7.[151,1437,1000,2035]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFF106670D9716B332ADD3C3" bold="true" box="[199,463,1756,1783]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Specimens Examined:</emphasis>
Two specimens from the
<collectionCode id="ED42EEE1FFF106670FBE16B2303AD3C3" box="[750,856,1757,1783]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
were examined, both females and coming from two of the three localities in the
<collectingCountry id="F34436B4FFF106670C80176E312AD22F" box="[464,584,1793,1819]" name="Seychelles" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
listed by
<bibRefCitation id="EFC20BD5FFF106670FE5176E302ED22F" author="Lamb, C. G." box="[693,844,1793,1819]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="307 - 372" refId="ref16345" refString="Lamb, C. G. (1914) The Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905. XV. Diptera: Heteroneuridae, Ortalidae, Trypetidae, Sepsidae, Micropezidae, Drosophilidae, Geomyzidae, Milichilidae. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Series 2, Zoology, 16 (4), 307 - 372. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1913. tb 00152. x" type="journal article" year="1914">Lamb (1914)</bibRefCitation>
:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC7624FFF106670D97174A30D2D2C7" blockId="7.[151,1437,1000,2035]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<materialsCitation id="3B3B7C79FFF106670D97174A30D2D2C7" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="Prof. J. S. Gardiner" country="Seychelles" location="Praslin" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" specimenCode="NHMUK 014335955" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="syntype">
One, mounted with a minuten through a papered cork (handwritten “Praslin.48”) and through side of the thorax; minuten is corroded with crystalline raphides, otherwise the specimen is in relatively good condition with orbital and thoracic setae intact (
<figureCitation id="13686AA1FFF106670CEC17023178D2B3" box="[444,538,1901,1927]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1817,1842]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1792]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1435,181,1792]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Lateral and dorsal habitus of several Drosophila spinipes-group species. A. D. freidbergi n. sp. (HS-06). B. D. malagasy n. sp. (HS-18). C. D. nigrospinipes n. sp. (HS-24). D. D. phalloserra n. sp. (HS-08). E. Dorsal thorax, sp. C (HS-13). F. D. spinipes Lamb (NHMUK 014335955), dorsum. G. D. spinipes Lamb (NHMUK 014335956), lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3933805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3933805/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs. 3F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13686AA1FFF106670F781702312CD2B3" box="[552,590,1901,1927]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1185,1210]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1160]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1435,181,1160]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Photomicrographs, dorsolateral view, of the abdomen of several Drosophila spinipes-group species. A-C. D. malagasy n. sp. A.HS-16. B. HS-22. C. HS-18. D. D. nigrospinipes n. sp. (HS-24). E. D. phalloserra n. sp. (HS-07). F. D. suma Burla (HS-01). G. D. spinipes Lamb (NHMUK 014335955)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3933807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3933807/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">4G</figureCitation>
). Six labels, from top to bottom: a small, circular, blue-rimmed “
<typeStatus id="54E8C886FFF106670866170236F0D2B3" box="[1334,1426,1901,1927]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
” label / a small, circular red-rimmed “Type H.T.” [?
<typeStatus id="54E8C886FFF106670F9317FF3051D29F" box="[707,819,1936,1963]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
] label / “
<location id="8E8C20FFFFF106670EC417FE3087D29F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FAC732FFF106690DC71292370DD6B7:8E8C20FFFFF106670EC417FE3087D29F" box="[916,997,1937,1963]" country="Seychelles" name="Praslin" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Praslin</location>
08,
<collectingCountry id="F34436B4FFF10667094D17FE37F7D29F" box="[1053,1173,1937,1963]" name="Seychelles" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
Exp.” / “
<collectingCountry id="F34436B4FFF1066709A917FE3616D29F" box="[1273,1396,1937,1963]" name="Seychelles" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
Is.,
<collectorName id="26A613F2FFF106670DC717DA320ED2FB" box="[151,364,1973,1999]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Prof. J. S. Gardiner</collectorName>
1914-537” / small ID label “
<taxonomicName id="4C530DA7FFF106670FFA17DA300CD2FB" authority="Lamb" authorityName="Lamb" authorityYear="1914" box="[682,878,1973,1999]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">D. spinipes Lamb</taxonomicName>
[handwritten] TYPE” [the latter blue, printed, and glued onto it / dot matrix label: “
<specimenCode id="DBF5DE5FFFF106670F5417B6319ED2C7" box="[516,764,2008,2035]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="Museum">NHMUK 014335955</specimenCode>
”. Not dissected.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2C26ACFFFE06680DC7177637B0D24E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3933805" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3933805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3933805/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" startId="8.[151,250,1817,1842]" targetBox="[151,1435,181,1792]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BEC7624FFFE06680DC7177637B0D24E" blockId="8.[151,1437,1817,1914]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFFE06680DC717763277D206" bold="true" box="[151,277,1817,1842]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Lateral and dorsal habitus of several
<taxonomicName id="4C530DA7FFFE06680FF01775300FD206" authorityName="Lamb" authorityYear="1914" box="[672,877,1818,1842]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFFE06680FF01775300FD206" box="[672,877,1818,1842]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Drosophila spinipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group species.
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFFE0668094117763741D206" bold="true" box="[1041,1059,1817,1842]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C530DA7FFFE06680962177437D4D206" authority="Grimaldi &amp; Jones, 2020" authorityName="Grimaldi &amp; Jones" authorityYear="2020" box="[1074,1206,1818,1842]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="freidbergi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFFE06680962177437D4D206" box="[1074,1206,1818,1842]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">D. freidbergi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFFE066809EF17753798D206" bold="true" box="[1215,1274,1818,1842]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A214174DFFFE066809EF17753798D206" box="[1215,1274,1818,1842]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(HS-06).
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFFE0668083417753617D206" bold="true" box="[1380,1397,1818,1842]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">B</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C530DA7FFFE066808D41774339AD262" authority="Grimaldi &amp; Jones, 2020" authorityName="Grimaldi &amp; Jones" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malagasy" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFFE066808D41774339AD262" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">D. malagasy</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFFE06680DAE17513254D262" bold="true" box="[254,310,1854,1878]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A214174DFFFE06680DAE17513254D262" box="[254,310,1854,1878]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(HS-18).
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFFE06680CCB175232CFD262" bold="true" box="[411,429,1853,1878]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">C</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C530DA7FFFE06680CE917503102D262" authority="Grimaldi &amp; Jones, 2020" authorityName="Grimaldi &amp; Jones" authorityYear="2020" box="[441,608,1855,1878]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrospinipes" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFFE06680CE917503102D262" box="[441,608,1855,1878]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">D. nigrospinipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFFE06680F36175131FCD262" bold="true" box="[614,670,1854,1878]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A214174DFFFE06680F36175131FCD262" box="[614,670,1854,1878]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(HS-24).
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFFE06680E5217513076D262" bold="true" box="[770,788,1854,1878]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">D</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C530DA7FFFE06680E71175030D7D262" authority="Grimaldi &amp; Jones, 2020" authorityName="Grimaldi &amp; Jones" authorityYear="2020" box="[801,949,1854,1878]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phalloserra" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFFE06680E71175030D7D262" box="[801,949,1854,1878]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">D. phalloserra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFFE06680EEB17513091D262" bold="true" box="[955,1011,1854,1878]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A214174DFFFE06680EEB17513091D262" box="[955,1011,1854,1878]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(HS-08).
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFFE066809071751370AD262" bold="true" box="[1111,1128,1854,1878]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">E</emphasis>
. Dorsal thorax, sp. C (HS-13).
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFFE06680DC7170D33C4D24E" bold="true" box="[151,166,1890,1914]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">F</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C530DA7FFFE06680DE3170C3205D24E" authority="Lamb" authorityName="Lamb" authorityYear="1914" box="[179,359,1889,1914]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFFE06680DE3170C3247D24E" box="[179,293,1891,1914]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">D. spinipes</emphasis>
Lamb
</taxonomicName>
(NHMUK 014335955), dorsum.
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFFE06680FEB170E31ADD24E" bold="true" box="[699,719,1889,1914]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">G</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFFE06680F8C170C3197D24E" box="[732,757,1891,1914]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">D.</emphasis>
s
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFFE06680E55170C302CD24E" box="[773,846,1891,1914]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">pinipes</emphasis>
Lamb (NHMUK 014335956), lateral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BEC7624FFFF06690D9710F63117D477" blockId="9.[151,1437,153,899]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<materialsCitation id="3B3B7C79FFFF06690D9710F63110D477" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="Prof. J. S. Gardiner" country="Seychelles" location="Seychelles" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" specimenCode="NHMUK 014335956" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="syntype">
Second specimen is glued to its right side on small paper card (handwritten “36”), left wing missing, orbital setae intact but thoracic ones lost (
<figureCitation id="13686AA1FFFF06690CAE10D2313AD5E3" box="[510,600,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1817,1842]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1792]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1435,181,1792]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Lateral and dorsal habitus of several Drosophila spinipes-group species. A. D. freidbergi n. sp. (HS-06). B. D. malagasy n. sp. (HS-18). C. D. nigrospinipes n. sp. (HS-24). D. D. phalloserra n. sp. (HS-08). E. Dorsal thorax, sp. C (HS-13). F. D. spinipes Lamb (NHMUK 014335955), dorsum. G. D. spinipes Lamb (NHMUK 014335956), lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3933805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3933805/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 3G</figureCitation>
). Left tibia+tarsus and portion of abdomen removed and macerated by DG, stored in microvial on pin with specimen. Four labels from top to bottom: small, circular, blue-rimmed “
<typeStatus id="54E8C886FFFF06690877108E36E1D5CF" box="[1319,1411,225,251]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
” / “Mahe 1908-9,
<collectingCountry id="F34436B4FFFF06690C17116A32DDD42B" box="[327,447,261,287]" name="Seychelles" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
Exp.” / “
<collectingCountry id="F34436B4FFFF06690F75116A31C2D42B" box="[549,672,261,287]" name="Seychelles" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
Is.,
<collectorName id="26A613F2FFFF06690F9F116A30C5D42B" box="[719,935,261,287]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Prof. J. S. Gardiner</collectorName>
, 1914-537, [handwritten]
<taxonomicName id="4C530DA7FFFF0669099A116A36F0D42B" authority="Lamb" authorityName="Lamb" authorityYear="1914" box="[1226,1426,261,287]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">D. spinipes Lamb</taxonomicName>
” / dot matrix label: “
<specimenCode id="DBF5DE5FFFFF06690C3F1146310AD477" box="[367,616,296,323]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">NHMUK 014335956</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34925AFFFFF06690D971123370DD6B7" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BEC7624FFFF06690D97112332E4D72F" blockId="9.[151,1437,153,899]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFFF06690D9711233230D453" bold="true" box="[199,338,332,359]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Comments:</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC20BD5FFFF06690C0A1122328FD453" author="Lamb, C. G." box="[346,493,333,359]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="307 - 372" refId="ref16345" refString="Lamb, C. G. (1914) The Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905. XV. Diptera: Heteroneuridae, Ortalidae, Trypetidae, Sepsidae, Micropezidae, Drosophilidae, Geomyzidae, Milichilidae. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Series 2, Zoology, 16 (4), 307 - 372. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1913. tb 00152. x" type="journal article" year="1914">Lamb (1914)</bibRefCitation>
provided a description of the species that was far ahead of its time in detail. It was based on a series of
<specimenCount id="9D55BDADFFFF06690C29111F3287D4BF" box="[377,485,368,395]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="female">5 females</specimenCount>
that he reported had the head, palpi, thorax [scutum] and scutellum “orange”, and an arista with 3 dorsal branches (vs. the typical 2) plus the terminal fork. These features deviate from all continental Africa specimens, presumably why
<bibRefCitation id="EFC20BD5FFFF06690F7411D631D0D4E7" author="Burla, H." box="[548,690,440,467]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 218" refId="ref15506" refString="Burla, H. (1954) Zur kenntnis der Drosophiliden der Elfenbeinkuste (Franzosisch West-Afrika). Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 61 (supplement), 1 - 218. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 75413" type="journal article" year="1954">Burla (1954)</bibRefCitation>
decided that
<taxonomicName id="4C530DA7FFFF06690E1411D5301DD4E7" box="[836,895,442,467]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suma">
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFFF06690E1411D5301DD4E7" box="[836,895,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">suma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
represented a different species. Our examination of two specimens from the series reveals that Lamb erred only with the number of aristal branches, which have the typical 2 dorsal ones.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC7624FFFF06690D97124A31F6D79F" blockId="9.[151,1437,153,899]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<materialsCitation id="3B3B7C79FFFF06690D97124A31F2D79F" collectingDate="1908-09" collectingDateMax="1908-11" collectingDateMin="1908-09" country="Seychelles" location="Seychelles" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" specimenCount="1">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC20BD5FFFF06690D97124A323BD70B" author="Lamb, C. G." box="[199,345,549,575]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="307 - 372" refId="ref16345" refString="Lamb, C. G. (1914) The Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905. XV. Diptera: Heteroneuridae, Ortalidae, Trypetidae, Sepsidae, Micropezidae, Drosophilidae, Geomyzidae, Milichilidae. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Series 2, Zoology, 16 (4), 307 - 372. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1913. tb 00152. x" type="journal article" year="1914">Lamb (1914)</bibRefCitation>
mentioned specimens from three localities in the
<collectingCountry id="F34436B4FFFF06690ED1124A309FD70B" box="[897,1021,549,575]" name="Seychelles" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
: “Mahé, near Morne Blanc,
<date id="FFED50E4FFFF06690866124A36EFD70B" box="[1334,1421,549,575]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1908-10">
<collectingDate id="EFA9A90CFFFF06690866124A36EFD70B" box="[1334,1421,549,575]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1908-10">X.1908</collectingDate>
</date>
”, “Silhouette: Mare aux Cochons,
<date id="FFED50E4FFFF06690F5E1226310DD757" box="[526,623,585,611]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1908-09">
<collectingDate id="EFA9A90CFFFF06690F5E1226310DD757" box="[526,623,585,611]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1908-09">IX.1908</collectingDate>
</date>
”, and “Praslin: Côtes dOr Estate,
<date id="FFED50E4FFFF0669095012263700D757" box="[1024,1122,585,611]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1908-11">
<collectingDate id="EFA9A90CFFFF0669095012263700D757" box="[1024,1122,585,611]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1908-11">XI.1908</collectingDate>
</date>
.”
<collectingCountry id="F34436B4FFFF06690929122637DBD757" box="[1145,1209,585,611]" name="India" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Mahé</collectingCountry>
is the largest, main island; the other two are considerably smaller, Silhouette ~
<quantity id="4CABDBC1FFFF06690E681203301DD7B3" box="[824,895,620,647]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="km" value="25.0">25 km</quantity>
NW and Praslin ~
<quantity id="4CABDBC1FFFF06690901120337FBD7B3" box="[1105,1177,620,647]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="km" value="35.0">35 km</quantity>
NE of Mahé. For geographical coordinates see the Appendix table
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC7624FFFF06690D9712DA370DD6B7" blockId="9.[151,1437,153,899]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
In his identification of specimens from Natal,
<collectingCountry id="F34436B4FFFF06690F9412DA3036D7FB" box="[708,852,693,719]" name="South Africa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC20BD5FFFF06690E0E12DA309AD7FB" author="Tsacas, L." box="[862,1016,693,719]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="103 - 161" refId="ref16778" refString="Tsacas, L. (1990) Drosophilidae de l'Afrique Australe (Diptera). Annals of the Natal Museum, 31, 103 - 161." type="journal article" year="1990">Tsacas (1990)</bibRefCitation>
did not indicate how he distinguished
<taxonomicName id="4C530DA7FFFF06690DC712B53274D7C7" authorityName="Lamb" authorityYear="1914" box="[151,278,730,755]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFFF06690DC712B53274D7C7" box="[151,278,730,755]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">D. spinipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C530DA7FFFF06690C0B12B532DBD7C7" box="[347,441,730,755]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suma">
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFFF06690C0B12B532DBD7C7" box="[347,441,730,755]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">D. suma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and he later formally synonymized
<taxonomicName id="4C530DA7FFFF06690E0812B530D4D7C7" box="[856,950,730,755]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suma">
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFFF06690E0812B530D4D7C7" box="[856,950,730,755]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">D. suma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
under
<taxonomicName id="4C530DA7FFFF0669095512B53650D7C0" authority="(Tsacas, 2006)" baseAuthorityName="Tsacas" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[1029,1330,729,756]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFFF0669095512B537E6D7C7" box="[1029,1156,730,755]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">D. spinipes</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC20BD5FFFF066909C312B63649D7C0" author="Tsacas, L." box="[1171,1323,729,756]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="49 - 58" refId="ref16805" refString="Tsacas, L. (2006) Nouvelles especes de la Cote D'Ivoire capturees au piege lumineux (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Revue Francaise d'Entomologie, 28 (2), 49 - 58." type="journal article" year="2006">Tsacas, 2006</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. He must not have seen the NHMUK
<typeStatus id="54E8C886FFFF06690C8412923166D623" box="[468,516,765,791]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
series, which are immediately recognizable as distinct from the flies from
<collectingCountry id="F34436B4FFFF06690803129233BDD60F" name="Madagascar" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
and continental Africa. Specimens in the Kwazulu-Natal Museum bear Tsacas identification labels, indicating that he dissected a male and female specimen from these (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC20BD5FFFF06690E38132A3762D66B" author="Tsacas, L." box="[872,1024,837,863]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="103 - 161" refId="ref16778" refString="Tsacas, L. (1990) Drosophilidae de l'Afrique Australe (Diptera). Annals of the Natal Museum, 31, 103 - 161." type="journal article" year="1990">Tsacas, 1990</bibRefCitation>
). Our study of these specimens and dissections and the undissected ones from Natal finds that they are
<taxonomicName id="4C530DA7FFFF06690ED71305374ED6B7" authority="Grimaldi &amp; Jones, 2020" authorityName="Grimaldi &amp; Jones" authorityYear="2020" box="[903,1068,873,899]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phalloserra" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B927AA36FFFF06690ED71305374ED6B7" box="[903,1068,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">D. phalloserra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A214174DFFFF0669096A1306370DD6B7" box="[1082,1135,873,899]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">n.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>