170 lines
19 KiB
XML
170 lines
19 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="207EA2ADD0CC22C2D67ACE7106E3E66D">A preliminary account of the Arctic / Subarctic Suberites (Porifera: Demospongiae) fauna</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B825DE1CE4B7C4DAF540DAA284DBFA9C">Morozov, Grigori</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="45172F80CB21DD620AB0B7C49C5CEFCB">Strelkova, Natalya Anisimova</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EAEFB0181F55414B000274412ED9D2CE">Russian Federal Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Laboratory of Hydrobiology, Murmansk, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B80C98ECF346DAF4995915362B251D4A">Zimina, Olga</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1BFB3FD13F301CB74F0CAF49EB73B079">Laboratory of Zoobenthos, Murmansk Marine Biological Institute, Murmansk, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="C36294EAFFC6194AB78FFCB4F5062C20" box="[151,611,834,861]" pageId="15" pageNumber="65" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC7C761FFC6194AB78FFCB4F5062C20" blockId="15.[151,611,834,861]" box="[151,611,834,861]" pageId="15" pageNumber="65">
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<taxonomicName id="4C78BCE2FFC6194AB78FFCB4F5062C20" ID-CoL="53D95" authority="(Johnston 1842)" baseAuthorityName="Johnston" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[151,611,834,861]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Suberites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="15" pageNumber="65" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="virgultosus">
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<emphasis id="B90C1B73FFC6194AB78FFCB4F5062C20" bold="true" box="[151,611,834,861]" pageId="15" pageNumber="65">
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<emphasis id="B90C1B73FFC6194AB78FFCB4F6F02C21" bold="true" box="[151,405,834,861]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="65">Suberites virgultosus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE9BA90FFC6194AB6BCFCB4F53E2C20" author="Johnston, G." box="[420,603,834,860]" pageId="15" pageNumber="65" refId="ref11031" refString="Johnston, G. (1842) A History of British Sponges and Lithophytes. Lizars W. H., Edinburgh, 264 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 51495" type="book" year="1842">Johnston 1842</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36294EAFFC6194AB78FFC71F3882CC2" pageId="15" pageNumber="65" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BC7C761FFC6194AB78FFC71F4102CE3" blockId="15.[151,1261,903,958]" box="[151,885,903,927]" pageId="15" pageNumber="65">
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<taxonomicName id="4C78BCE2FFC6194AB78FFC71F5D92CE3" authority=": Johnston 1842, pp. 137 - 138" authorityName=": Johnston" authorityPageNumber="137 - 138" authorityYear="1842" box="[151,700,903,927]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Halichondria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="15" pageNumber="65" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="virgultosa">
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<emphasis id="B90C1B73FFC6194AB78FFC71F6F12CE3" box="[151,404,903,927]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="65">Halichondria virgultosa:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE9BA90FFC6194AB683FC71F5552CE3" author="Johnston, G." box="[411,560,903,927]" pageId="15" pageNumber="65" refId="ref11031" refString="Johnston, G. (1842) A History of British Sponges and Lithophytes. Lizars W. H., Edinburgh, 264 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 51495" type="book" year="1842">Johnston 1842</bibRefCitation>
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, pp. 137–138
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</taxonomicName>
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; Pl. XV, figs. 1–3.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC7C761FFC6194AB78FFC50F3882CC2" blockId="15.[151,1261,903,958]" box="[151,1261,934,958]" pageId="15" pageNumber="65">
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<taxonomicName id="4C78BCE2FFC6194AB78FFC50F5872CC2" authority=": Bowerbank 1866, pp. 193 - 195" authorityName=": Bowerbank" authorityPageNumber="193 - 195" authorityYear="1866" box="[151,738,934,958]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Hymeniacidon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="15" pageNumber="65" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="virgultosa">
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<emphasis id="B90C1B73FFC6194AB78FFC50F6C52CC2" box="[151,416,934,958]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="65">Hymeniacidon virgultosa:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE9BA90FFC6194AB6BEFC50F5332CC2" author="Bowerbank, J. S." box="[422,598,934,958]" pageId="15" pageNumber="65" refId="ref10123" refString="Bowerbank, J. S. (1866) A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II. Ray society, London, 388 pp." type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank 1866</bibRefCitation>
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, pp. 193–195
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE9BA90FFC6194AB5F4FC50F4F92CC2" author="Bowerbank, J. S." box="[748,924,934,958]" pageId="15" pageNumber="65" refId="ref10151" refString="Bowerbank, J. S. (1874) A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. III. Ray society, London, 367 pp." type="book" year="1874">Bowerbank 1874</bibRefCitation>
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, pp. 89–90; Pl. XXXV, figs. 1–5.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36294EAFFC6194AB78FFC1AF3A82AEE" pageId="15" pageNumber="65" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC7C761FFC6194AB78FFC1AF21C2B32" blockId="15.[151,1437,1004,1607]" pageId="15" pageNumber="65">
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<emphasis id="B90C1B73FFC6194AB78FFC1AF5522B7A" box="[151,567,1004,1030]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="65">
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<emphasis id="B90C1B73FFC6194AB78FFC1AF6412B7A" bold="true" box="[151,292,1004,1030]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="65">Description.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C78BCE2FFC6194AB632FC1AF5522B7A" authorityName=": Johnston" authorityYear="1842" box="[298,567,1004,1030]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Halichondria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="15" pageNumber="65" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="virgultosa">Halichondria virgultosa</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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was described by Johnston in 1842. His specimens were collected in the North Sea, off Scarborough.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE9BA90FFC6194AB696FBE6F5272B56" author="Johnston, G." box="[398,578,1040,1066]" pageId="15" pageNumber="65" refId="ref11031" refString="Johnston, G. (1842) A History of British Sponges and Lithophytes. Lizars W. H., Edinburgh, 264 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 51495" type="book" year="1842">Johnston (1842)</bibRefCitation>
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gave some notes about general habit of a new species, describing several rodshaped, somewhat compressed and twisted sponge fragments with an uneven surface and a grayish-white color.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC7C761FFC6194AB7DFFBAFF3A82AEE" blockId="15.[151,1437,1004,1607]" pageId="15" pageNumber="65">
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Later
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE9BA90FFC6194AB614FBAEF6BE2B0E" author="Bowerbank, J. S." box="[268,475,1112,1138]" pageId="15" pageNumber="65" refId="ref10123" refString="Bowerbank, J. S. (1866) A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II. Ray society, London, 388 pp." type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank (1866</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE9BA90FFC6194AB6F1FBAEF5402B0E" author="Bowerbank, J. S." box="[489,549,1112,1138]" pageId="15" pageNumber="65" refId="ref10151" refString="Bowerbank, J. S. (1874) A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. III. Ray society, London, 367 pp." type="book" year="1874">1874</bibRefCitation>
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), who examined new material dredged at Dogger Bank in the North Sea and re-examined
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<typeStatus id="54C379C3FFC6194AB634FB8BF6392BEB" box="[300,348,1149,1175]" pageId="15" pageNumber="65">type</typeStatus>
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material, pushed the original description by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE9BA90FFC6194AB443FB8AF3772BEA" author="Johnston, G." box="[859,1042,1148,1174]" pageId="15" pageNumber="65" refId="ref11031" refString="Johnston, G. (1842) A History of British Sponges and Lithophytes. Lizars W. H., Edinburgh, 264 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 51495" type="book" year="1842">Johnston (1842)</bibRefCitation>
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much forward.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE9BA90FFC6194AB3D2FB8AF2F22BEA" author="Bowerbank, J. S." box="[1226,1431,1148,1174]" pageId="15" pageNumber="65" refId="ref10123" refString="Bowerbank, J. S. (1866) A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II. Ray society, London, 388 pp." type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank (1866</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE9BA90FFC6194AB78FFB56F7B52BC6" author="Bowerbank, J. S." box="[151,208,1184,1210]" pageId="15" pageNumber="65" refId="ref10151" refString="Bowerbank, J. S. (1874) A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. III. Ray society, London, 367 pp." type="book" year="1874">1874</bibRefCitation>
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) described elongate, erect, more or less laterally compressed sponge specimens with a corrugated surface. The upper parts of the sponge are rather broad, gradually narrowing towards the basal attachment, which closely embraces a substrate, usually the dead shell of a mollusk. Consistency is fairly soft, flesh-like and very flexible. Among other things, Bowerbank described the skeletal architecture and spicules in some detail. He mentioned that tightly packed centrotylote microscleres form a thin layer at the sponge surface. In the underlying tissues (choanosome) microscleres were absent. Choanosomal skeleton consists of monactinal monaxons (styles). Though Bowerbank didn’t mention any spination of the microscleres, it is possible that he overlooked it.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36294EAFFC6194AB7DFFA6DF3EA293A" pageId="15" pageNumber="65" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BC7C761FFC6194AB7DFFA6DF3EA293A" blockId="15.[151,1437,1004,1607]" pageId="15" pageNumber="65">
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<emphasis id="B90C1B73FFC6194AB7DFFA6DF6502ACA" bold="true" box="[199,309,1435,1462]" pageId="15" pageNumber="65">
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<emphasis id="B90C1B73FFC6194AB7DFFA6DF64B2ACA" bold="true" box="[199,302,1435,1462]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="65">Remarks</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Unfortunately there was no material on this species in our possession, yet here are a few comments on it. In the WPD (de Voogd
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<emphasis id="B90C1B73FFC6194AB6AAFA37F68C2AA6" box="[434,489,1472,1498]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
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2022) some of the arctic records of
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<taxonomicName id="4C78BCE2FFC6194AB46BFA36F3502AA6" authorityName=": Schmidt" authorityYear="1870" box="[883,1077,1472,1498]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Suberites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="15" pageNumber="65" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lutkenii">
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<emphasis id="B90C1B73FFC6194AB46BFA36F3502AA6" box="[883,1077,1472,1498]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="65">Suberites lütkenii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE9BA90FFC6194AB35AFA36F3912AA6" author="Hentschel, E." box="[1090,1268,1472,1498]" pageId="15" pageNumber="65" pagination="857 - 1042" refId="ref10945" refString="Hentschel, E. (1929) Die Kiesel- und Hornschwamme des N ˆ rdlichen Eismeers. In: R ˆ mer, F., Schaudinn, F., Brauer, A. & Arndt, W. (Eds.), Fauna Arctica. Eine Zusammenstellung der arktischen Tierformen mit besonderer Berucksichtigung des Spitzbergen-Gebietes auf Grund der Ergebnisse der Deutschen Expedition in das Nordliche Eismeer im Jahre 1898. Fischer, G., Jena, pp. 857 - 1042." type="book chapter" year="1929">Hentschel 1929</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE9BA90FFC6194AB3E5FA36F2F22AA6" author="Alander, H." box="[1277,1431,1472,1498]" pageId="15" pageNumber="65" refId="ref10006" refString="Alander, H. (1942) Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters. Ph. D. Thesis. University of Lund, Struves H., Goteborg, 113 pp." type="book" year="1942">Alander 1942</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE9BA90FFC6194AB78FFA13F6572A82" author="Topsent, E." box="[151,306,1508,1535]" pageId="15" pageNumber="65" pagination="1 - 67" refId="ref12584" refString="Topsent, E. (1913) Spongiaires provenant des campagnes scientifiques de la ' Princesse Alice' dans les Mers du Nord (1898 - 1899 - 1906 - 1907). Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies par le Prince Albert I de Monaco, 45, 1 - 67." type="journal article" year="1913">Topsent 1913</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE9BA90FFC6194AB627FA12F6B82A82" author="Schmidt, O." box="[319,477,1508,1534]" pageId="15" pageNumber="65" refId="ref12324" refString="Schmidt, O. (1870) Grundz ¸ ge einer Spongien-Fauna des atlantischen Gebietes. Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, 88 pp." type="book" year="1870">Schmidt 1870</bibRefCitation>
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) were misleadingly assigned to
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<taxonomicName id="4C78BCE2FFC6194AB452FA12F4872A82" baseAuthorityName="Johnston" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[842,994,1508,1534]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Suberites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="15" pageNumber="65" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="virgultosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90C1B73FFC6194AB452FA12F4872A82" box="[842,994,1508,1534]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="65">S. virgultosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. So far
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C78BCE2FFC6194AB326FA12F3B32A82" baseAuthorityName="Johnston" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[1086,1238,1508,1534]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Suberites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="15" pageNumber="65" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="virgultosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90C1B73FFC6194AB326FA12F3B32A82" box="[1086,1238,1508,1534]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="65">S. virgultosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is only known to inhabit the North Sea—it’s a truly boreal species. As is the case with other boreal congeners, and as opposed to the arctic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C78BCE2FFC6194AB7C4F9DAF629293A" authorityName=": Schmidt" authorityYear="1870" box="[220,332,1580,1607]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Suberites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="15" pageNumber="65" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lutkenii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90C1B73FFC6194AB7C4F9DAF78F293A" box="[220,234,1580,1606]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="65">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90C1B73FFC6194AB7E0F9DAF629293A" box="[248,332,1580,1606]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="65">lütkenii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the only
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C379C3FFC6194AB6A4F9DBF689293B" box="[444,492,1581,1607]" pageId="15" pageNumber="65">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of microscleres found in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C78BCE2FFC6194AB413F9DAF4C7293A" baseAuthorityName="Johnston" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[779,930,1580,1606]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Suberites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="15" pageNumber="65" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="virgultosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90C1B73FFC6194AB413F9DAF4C7293A" box="[779,930,1580,1606]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="65">S. virgultosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are microstrongyles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |